WO2008058829A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterbauelements mit zwei gräben - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterbauelements mit zwei gräben Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008058829A1 WO2008058829A1 PCT/EP2007/061275 EP2007061275W WO2008058829A1 WO 2008058829 A1 WO2008058829 A1 WO 2008058829A1 EP 2007061275 W EP2007061275 W EP 2007061275W WO 2008058829 A1 WO2008058829 A1 WO 2008058829A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- trench
- depth
- substrate
- layer
- etching
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/74—Making of localized buried regions, e.g. buried collector layers, internal connections substrate contacts
- H01L21/743—Making of internal connections, substrate contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/308—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks
- H01L21/3083—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/76224—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using trench refilling with dielectric materials
Definitions
- buried doped layers may be used to connect vertically aligned devices from "bottom.” It may also be desirable to provide a buried layer for isolation or shielding purposes, in all cases such a buried layer requires contact with the semiconductor surface, which is usually carried out over a reaching to the buried layer low-resistance doping.
- insulating trenches are required in semiconductor devices in order to isolate component structures from one another. For example, there is a need to insulate a buried layer associated with a first device structure from a second semiconductor structure not directly in electrical connection therewith, which may also be a buried layer, for example. Such an insulating trench then requires a depth that exceeds that of the buried layer to provide secure, high breakdown voltage insulation.
- sinker dopants which generate at a specific depth of the semiconductor substrate and produce the low-resistance zone for contacting the buried layer with the surface by means of outdiffusion.
- a method which enables the combined production of a dielectric filled first trench and a conductive material filled second trench in a common semiconductor substrate.
- the two trenches in the semiconductor substrate are etched, wherein the second trench is produced with a larger width than the first trench.
- a dielectric over the entire surface and edge-covering is deposited in such a thickness that the first trench is completely filled with the dielectric, while the second trench with the greater width while still partially still remains open.
- the dielectric is etched anisotropically until the substrate is exposed in the second trench at the bottom, while the side walls remain covered by the oxide layer.
- Such an etching step is also known as spacer etching.
- the depth d4 of the first trench is chosen so large that the trench extends at least below the lower edge of the buried structure or the buried layer.
- the contacting second trench is advantageously generated so deep that it reaches the buried structure, but in no way completely pierces. It is also possible to produce the second trench at a depth d5 which is less than the upper edge of the buried structure and to establish contact with the buried structure only by outdiffusion of a dopant which is introduced into the trench via the conductive material.
- the different depth of the two trenches can be achieved with a two-part etching process, in which the first trench is first anisotropically etched in a first partial etching step up to a first depth d3. Subsequently, in a second partial etching step, the first trench is further anisotropically etched to its final depth d4 and at the same time, in the same step, the second trench is cut to a depth d5. The depth of the first trench results from the total depth of the trench structures generated in the two partial etching steps. The depth of the second trench is achieved only at the second partial etching step. The second partial etching step is thus preferably carried out so that the desired depth d5 of the second trench is achieved.
- the depth d3 of the first trench reached in the first partial etching corresponds to the difference in depth between the first and second trench, and is chosen such that the desired isolation or the desired trench
- Breakthrough voltage between the device structures to be insulated by this trench is achieved.
- the division of the trench etching process into two partial steps can be achieved in a simple manner via a hard mask which has first and second openings for the first and second trenches.
- the substrate surface, ie the semiconductor surface is exposed.
- the thickness of the hard mask is reduced to a layer thickness d2, the remaining areas of the hard mask have the original layer thickness d1 with d2 ⁇ d1.
- the trenches are subsequently produced in an anisotropic etching process with this hard mask having different depth openings, the depth difference of the two trenches being dependent on the residual thickness d2 of the hard mask in the second openings and the selectivity of the etching process or its etching rate ratio in the etching of hard mask and semiconductor material ,
- the etching process is set such that the etch rate of the hard mask is substantially less than the etch rate of the semiconductor material.
- the depth d3 corresponds to the product of the residual thickness d2 and the corresponding ⁇ tzratenage.
- the selectivity of the etching process can also be set, which, however, is generally complicated and not preferable.
- first and second trenches can also be produced in a second method variant, in which a first and above a second resist layer are respectively produced before the trench etching and subsequently structured. In this case, only the openings in the first resist layer intended for the first ditch. In the second resist layer, openings are made for the first and second trenches.
- a first etching step the substrate is then etched anisotropically and selectively against first and second resist layers, wherein the substrate exposed only in the openings of the first resist layer is etched in the region of the first trench up to a first freely selectable depth d7.
- the first resist layer is selectively etched against the second resist layer in order to additionally expose the semiconductor substrate in the region of the second openings in the first resist layer.
- the substrate is anisotropically and selectively etched against the first resist layer, with the first trench etched to its second and thus final depth d4 and the second trench etched to a depth d5.
- All partial etching steps can be carried out without interruption in the same etching reactor, wherein the selectivity of the individual etching steps can be adjusted by selecting appropriate etching conditions in the etching reactor, such as gas composition, pressure and / or temperature.
- photoresist layers can be used as the first and second resist layers.
- a chemically dominated plasma etching method as the anisotropic etching method, which contains reactive ions relative to the material of the layer to be etched.
- the anisotropy of this process can be increased by the plasma conditions in the meantime can be varied such that the deposition rate outweighs the etching rate and in this way a passivation layer is deposited on all surfaces.
- the sidewall in particular is passivated and no longer attacked.
- a halogen-containing plasma in particular a fluorine-containing plasma is suitable.
- the change between the etching condition and the deposition condition can be performed alternately several times. This method can also be used for producing the openings in the first and / or second resist layer.
- the semiconductor substrate it is advantageous to cover the semiconductor substrate with a dielectric double layer consisting of an oxide layer and a nitride layer. This can serve as etch stop in a later process step.
- the double layer it is necessary to precede the process with a further etching step, with which openings are produced in this double layer.
- the width of the openings in the double layer is chosen larger than the corresponding first and second openings for first and second trenches in the first resist layer. This ensures that any undercutting of the first resist layer that is possibly occurring leads to undercutting of the double layer.
- the mask lead that is to say the difference of the structure widths in the first resist layer relative to the structure widths of the openings in the double layer, is selected according to the expected extent of undercuts.
- a dielectric is deposited after etching the two trenches to their final depth, which can be deposited with good edge coverage even at the bottom of trenches with a high aspect ratio, in particular a high-temperature oxide.
- Suitable conductive material for filling the contact trench (second trench) is doped polysilicon, tungsten silicide or any other conductive trench-filling material. Also required is a process that is edge-covering and can also be deposited at the bottom of a deep second trench so that the trench fully grows without the formation of voids.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- the etch back occurs until conductive material not deposited in the trench is completely removed from the surface.
- FIG. 1 shows a component after filling the trenches
- FIGS. 2 to 12 show different process stages of a first embodiment variant
- Figures 13 to 21 show different process steps of a second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-section of an exemplary component structure, as can be produced by the proposed method.
- This comprises a semiconductor substrate SU, in which a first trench G1 and a second trench G2 are generated spaced apart from one another.
- the depth d4 of the first trench is greater than the depth d5 of the second trench.
- the second trench G2 is insulated on its sidewalls against the substrate and has a filling with a conductive material which contacts at its lower end a buried structure VS, for example a buried layer.
- the surface of the substrate SU may be covered with an oxide layer OS.
- a semiconductor substrate SU is assumed in which a buried structure VS is provided at a distance from the surface.
- the buried structure VS can be produced, for example, in the surface of a wafer and covered with an epitaxial layer.
- a dielectric layer combination SK of thin dielectric layers, such as an oxide layer and a nitride layer are arranged, which can serve as protective layers and ⁇ tzstopp harshen.
- a hard mask layer HS is generated over the entire surface, for example an oxide layer.
- a mask opening HMO1 of the hard mask for the first trench is now generated by a correspondingly structured first resist mask RM1 is produced, which, as shown in FIG. 2, has a resist opening RO1 in the region of the first trench.
- the structure of the first resist mask is transferred onto the hard mask layer HS by means of an anisotropic etching process.
- the dielectric layer combination SK can serve as an etch stop. Subsequently, the dielectric layer combination SK can still be removed at the bottom of the trench.
- FIG. 3 shows the arrangement with the first hard mask opening HMO1, which has a width W1.
- the hard mask openings HMO2 for the second trench are produced by applying a second resist mask RM2 and structuring it accordingly.
- Resist opening RO2 in the region of the second trench is transferred to the hard mask layer HS by means of an anisotropic etching process.
- the etching is thereby controlled, for example over the period of time, in such a way that the second hard mask opening HMO2 is guided only to a depth d2 ⁇ d1, so that a residual layer thickness hard mask remains at the bottom of the second hard mask opening.
- FIG. 5 shows the arrangement after the production of the hard mask opening and FIG. 6 after the removal of the second resist mask RM2.
- the second hard mask opening has a width w2 that is greater than the width wl of the first hard mask opening.
- a first partial etching is carried out in the semiconductor substrate by means of an anisotropic etching process, for example a physically dominated plasma etching process.
- a first partial trench GIa is created with a depth d3. Due to the not one hundred percent selectivity of the etching process used, the hard mask layer is removed in the area of the second hard mask opening HMO 2 until either the layer combination SK serving as the etching stop layer or the surface of the substrate SU is exposed.
- FIG. 7 shows the arrangement on this process stage.
- a second partial etching process is performed in the semiconductor substrate SU, wherein the first trench G1 is etched to its final depth d5 and the second trench G2 is etched to a depth of d4.
- FIG. 8 shows the arrangement on this process stage.
- a channel stop doping is optionally carried out in the trench walls and in particular in the trench bottom. This serves to prevent the threshold voltage for the construction of an inversion layer along the trench inner walls and thereby to increase the threshold voltage for the construction of parasitic conductive areas. Preferably, the doping of the substrate is increased.
- an edge-covering trench-filling dielectric layer DS is deposited over the whole area, for example a high-temperature oxide. This one is in one
- Layer thickness which corresponds to at least half the width (wl) / 2 of the first trench and therefore leads to the growth of the first trench with the dielectric layer.
- the dielectric layer In the region of the second trench, the dielectric layer only leads to a covering of trench walls and trench bottom, on which it is deposited in a layer thickness d6.
- FIG. 9 shows the arrangement on this process stage.
- the dielectric layer DS is etched back until at the bottom of the second trench G2 the dielectric layer DS is completely removed.
- the electricallyotropic etching process similar to a spacer etch
- FIG. 10 shows the arrangement after removal of the silicon nitride layer, which is the uppermost layer of the dielectric layer combination.
- the second trench is filled with a conductive material by depositing a conductive material edge-covering in a layer thickness that corresponds to at least half the trench width (w2) / 2 of the first trench.
- FIG. 11 shows the arrangement schematically on this process stage.
- the conductive layer is anisotropically etched back so that the conductive material LM remains in the region of the first trench as a trench filling, but in the remaining surface area the lower sub-layer of the dielectric layer combination, usually an oxide layer, remains.
- FIG. 12 shows the arrangement at this process stage, which corresponds to the structure shown in FIG.
- the production of the trench structure according to a second exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail below.
- the starting point is again a substrate SU with a buried structure VS whose surface is of a dielectric type Layer combination SK is covered.
- a third resist mask RM3 By means of a third resist mask RM3, corresponding openings are etched in the layer combination SK in the area of the first and second trenches.
- FIG. 13 shows the arrangement on this procedural stage.
- the third resist mask RM3 is removed and a fourth resist mask RM4 is applied and patterned.
- an opening is generated in the region of the second trench whose width is smaller than the width of the opening produced in the dielectric layer combination.
- the fourth resist mask RM4 remains unstructured.
- the structured fourth resist mask is cured in its structure, which can be done depending on the resist material used, for example by treatment with UV radiation and by an annealing step.
- a fifth resist mask RM5 is then produced by applying a resist layer and structuring it accordingly. In this case, openings are made in the region of the first and second trenches in the fifth resist mask RM5.
- the width w5 of the first resist opening RO51 (opening for the first trench in the fifth resist mask) is greater than the width w4 of the corresponding opening in the underlying fourth resist mask RM4.
- the fifth resist mask RM5 can be structured similarly to the third resist mask in FIG.
- the opening RO51 formed therein may be aligned with the edges of the openings in the dielectric layer combination SK.
- FIG. 15 shows the arrangement at this process stage.
- an anisotropic etching process which selectively etches the semiconductor material of the substrate against the material of fourth and fifth resist mask RM4, RM5, a first partial trench is etched to a depth of D1 in the silicon substrate.
- a chemically dominated plasma etching method is used, which is adjusted by varying the plasma conditions in at least one time segment so that a material deposition and in particular the deposition of a passivation takes place at the trench walls, which the selectivity and the anisotropy of
- FIG. 16 shows the arrangement after the generation of the first sub-trench of a depth d7.
- the structure of the fifth resist mask RM5 is transferred to the fourth resist mask, wherein the material of the fourth resist mask is removed in the corresponding openings.
- the semiconductor substrate is selectively etched against the fourth resist mask RM4, whereby the same etching conditions can be set as in the first partial etching step.
- the first trench G 1 is deepened to its final depth d 8
- the second trench E 1 is etched to a depth d 9.
- FIG. 18 shows the arrangement at this process stage.
- an edge-covering dielectric layer DS is deposited over the entire surface in a layer thickness which is suitable for completely filling the first trench and those in the second trench G2 for side walls and bottom covered, but leaves a space in the middle.
- FIG. 19 shows the arrangement on this process stage.
- FIG. 17 shows the arrangement on this process stage.
- a conductive material LM is deposited over the entire surface in edge-covering and therefore trench-filling manner until the second trench is completely filled.
- Figure 21 shows the arrangement at this stage of the process.
- FIG. 22 shows the arrangement at this process stage, which in turn corresponds to the possible target structure shown in FIG.
- the advantage of this second variant is that the etching process can be performed much faster than in the first variant.
- Fourth and fifth resist mask structures are chosen to compensate for both erosion of the fourth and fifth resist mask, and thereafter still provide sufficient over the edges of the dielectric layer combination. have standing structure reserve in order to compensate for a beginning of the etching process undercutting the fourth resist mask and thereby avoid undercutting the dielectric layer combination SK, as can be seen for example with reference to FIG.
- the underetching in the region of the second trench is likewise compensated there by a corresponding structural advance of the fifth resist mask, so that the underetching does not lead to below the dielectric layer combination. Due to the materials used and the increased etching rate, the second process variant is also cheaper to perform.
- the first trench completely filled with dielectric can be selected to be so deep that it lies below the deepest electrically conductive structure (in this case: buried structure VS) of the semiconductor component and thus reliably isolates it from adjacent component regions with electrically conductive component structures.
- the depth of the second trench can also be adjusted in a controlled manner with the second partial etching step, so that just in the first trench the upper edge of the buried structure VS is exposed.
- the electrically conductive material LM deposited in the first trench creates a low-resistance connection with the trench. trench structure so that it can be electrically contacted via the conductive material in the second trench.
- first and second trenches can also be generated simultaneously and in parallel, which corresponds to a corresponding number of structural elements to be insulated or buried structures to be contacted.
- a buried structure VS is preferably used in high-voltage components and may be located there at a depth d9 or d5 of approximately 10 ⁇ m.
- the depth d8 or d4 of the first trench is sufficient to electrically insulate the buried structure against adjacent buried structures and has, for example, a further 50 percent greater depth than d4 or d5.
- the width of the second trench w2 corresponds at least twice to the layer thickness of the dielectric layer DS plus a margin of free space of the trench of approximately 1 ⁇ m.
- the clear trench width after the deposition of the dielectric layer remains at least one trench width of approximately 1 .mu.m which, after being filled with conductive material, is suitable for producing a sufficiently low-resistance connection to the buried structure.
- the width of the first trench is chosen correspondingly smaller than twice the layer thickness of the dielectric layer, that is, for example, less than 2 microns with a layer thickness of the dielectric layer of about 1 micron. Under a ditch are both round or square
- the first trench may have an extension vertical to the illustrated surface of the drawing, which exceeds its width several times. In this way, larger-area structures can be successfully isolated with such a trench against adjacent structures.
- the second trench can have a round, square or otherwise shaped cross-section, wherein preferably the length and width of the trench opening do not differ too greatly. It is also possible to contact a buried structure by means of a plurality of juxtaposed second trenches.
- the invention is particularly suitable for high-voltage transistors, which require increased electrical insulation, which can be guaranteed with the invention in a simple and cost-effective manner.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112007002739.8T DE112007002739B4 (de) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-10-22 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterbauelements mit Isolationsgraben und Kontaktgraben |
US12/515,224 US8383488B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-10-22 | Method for producing a semiconductor component with two trenches |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006054334.3 | 2006-11-17 | ||
DE102006054334A DE102006054334B3 (de) | 2006-11-17 | 2006-11-17 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterbauelementes mit Isolationsgraben und Kontaktgraben |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008058829A1 true WO2008058829A1 (de) | 2008-05-22 |
Family
ID=38871518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/061275 WO2008058829A1 (de) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-10-22 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterbauelements mit zwei gräben |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8383488B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102006054334B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008058829A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010006996A1 (de) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Austriamicrosystems Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterbauelements und Halbleiterbauelement |
EP2620978A1 (de) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | austriamicrosystems AG | Halbleiterbauelement mit internem Substratkontakt und Herstellungsverfahren |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007034306B3 (de) | 2007-07-24 | 2009-04-02 | Austriamicrosystems Ag | Halbleitersubstrat mit Durchkontaktierung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleitersubstrates mit Durchkontaktierung |
JP6278608B2 (ja) | 2013-04-08 | 2018-02-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
US9440848B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-09-13 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Passivated microelectromechanical structures and methods |
US9395533B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-07-19 | Pixtronix, Inc. | Passivated microelectromechanical structures and methods |
US11127622B2 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2021-09-21 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Deep trench isolation and substrate connection on SOI |
CN114530471A (zh) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-05-24 | 合肥晶合集成电路股份有限公司 | 沟槽隔离结构的形成方法以及图像传感器的形成方法 |
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EP2620978A1 (de) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | austriamicrosystems AG | Halbleiterbauelement mit internem Substratkontakt und Herstellungsverfahren |
WO2013110533A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-08-01 | Ams Ag | Semiconductor device with internal substrate contact and method of production |
US9245843B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2016-01-26 | Ams Ag | Semiconductor device with internal substrate contact and method of production |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8383488B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
DE112007002739B4 (de) | 2014-09-18 |
US20100144114A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
DE112007002739A5 (de) | 2010-06-02 |
DE102006054334B3 (de) | 2008-07-10 |
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