WO2008044427A1 - Rouleau de développement, appareil de développement utilisant celui-ci et appareil de formation d'image - Google Patents
Rouleau de développement, appareil de développement utilisant celui-ci et appareil de formation d'image Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008044427A1 WO2008044427A1 PCT/JP2007/068004 JP2007068004W WO2008044427A1 WO 2008044427 A1 WO2008044427 A1 WO 2008044427A1 JP 2007068004 W JP2007068004 W JP 2007068004W WO 2008044427 A1 WO2008044427 A1 WO 2008044427A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- developing roller
- particle size
- resin particles
- developing
- developer
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
- G03G15/0818—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller characterised by the structure of the donor member, e.g. surface properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/08—Details of powder developing device not concerning the development directly
- G03G2215/0855—Materials and manufacturing of the developing device
- G03G2215/0858—Donor member
- G03G2215/0861—Particular composition or materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/08—Details of powder developing device not concerning the development directly
- G03G2215/0855—Materials and manufacturing of the developing device
- G03G2215/0858—Donor member
- G03G2215/0863—Manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a developing roller used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or a laser printer, a developing apparatus using the developing roller, and an image forming apparatus.
- the photoconductor is uniformly charged by a charging roller, and an electrostatic latent image is formed by a laser or the like.
- the developer in the developer container is uniformly applied on the developing roller with a proper charge by the developer coating roller and the developer regulating member, and the developer transfer (development) is performed at the contact portion between the photoreceptor and the developing roller. Done.
- the developer on the photoconductor is transferred onto a recording sheet by a transfer roller and fixed by heat and pressure.
- the developer remaining on the photoconductor is removed by a cleaning blade, and a series of processes is completed.
- image stripes Capri-striped image defects
- the number of contacts / collisions between the developers or between the developer and the development roller and the developer regulating member increases, and the developer tends to deteriorate.
- the deteriorated developer is easily fused to the surface of the developing roller and the developer regulating member.
- the developing roller with the deteriorated developer fused on the surface reduces the amount of charge applied to the developer, and as a result, it may generate capri in the electrophotographic image.
- the coating amount of the developer on the developing roller tends to be non-uniform. As a result, development streaks may occur in the electrophotographic image.
- the stress applied to the developer is increased by applying a bias to the developing blade, and the developer and the external additive of the developer are fused to the surface of the developing roller and the developing blade, so Is more likely to occur.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a developing roller having improved fog and developing stripes during durable printing, and to provide a high-quality developing device and an image forming apparatus using such a developing roller.
- the present inventors can obtain a developing roller, a developing device, and an image forming apparatus that can achieve the above object. I found.
- the present invention provides a developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a shaft core, and a surface layer containing urethane resin and urethane resin particles on the outer periphery,
- the layer has a convex portion derived from the urethane resin particles, and has a roughness surface with a roughness curve having a roughness R sk of 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less.
- the volume particle size distribution has a peak P1 in the particle size d1, and the volume fraction of particles d1 in all particles is a, and all the particles d2 and d3 larger than d1 have a volume fraction.
- a developing roller characterized in that dl, d2, d3 and a, b, and j satisfy the following relational expressions (1) to (7), where b and c represent the volume fraction of particles.
- the present invention is a developing device comprising at least a one-component dry developer, the above developing roller, and a developing blade for controlling the amount of developer on the developing roller.
- the present invention comprises at least a developing roller according to any one of claims 1 to 6 that carries a developer on a surface thereof, and a developing blade that controls the amount of developer on the developing roller.
- An image forming apparatus According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a developing roller that can improve force blur and development streaks during durable printing, and to provide a developing device and an image forming device capable of stably forming a high-quality image. Can do. Brief Description of Drawings
- FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing an example of a developing roller according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the peak of the volume particle size distribution of the spherical urethane resin particles according to the present invention.
- 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E are conceptual diagrams for explaining the vicinity of the developing roller surface according to the present invention.
- 4A, 4B, 4 and 40 are conceptual diagrams illustrating the skewness of the roughness curve in terms of surface roughness.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a dip coating machine used when forming the resin layer of the developing roller according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring the electrical resistance of the developing roller according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 3A to 3E are schematic cross-sectional views in the vicinity of the surface of the developing roller, and the surface layer 3 is disposed on the outer periphery of the elastic layer 2.
- the surface layer 3 contains urethane resin particles 31 having a relatively large particle diameter and urethane resin particles 32 having a relatively small particle diameter.
- 4A to 4D are schematic diagrams of the roughness curve of the surface roughness of the image roller.
- the horizontal direction in the figure represents the axial direction of the developing roller surface, and the vertical direction in the figure represents the roughness shape of the developing roller surface. Show.
- the roughness curve in the surface roughness of the developing roller has a profile as shown in Fig. 4A.
- Curve skewness value R sk is greater than zero.
- the roughness curve of the developing roller surface roughness becomes a profile as shown in Fig. 4B.
- the skewness R sk of the curve is almost zero.
- the roughness curve is as shown in Fig. 4C.
- the roughness in the surface roughness of the developing roller has a profile as shown in Figure 4D.
- R sk is a parameter representing the sharpness of the roughness curve.
- R s k is set to 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, the surface protrusion can be appropriately sharpened.
- the contact point or contact area between the developing blade and the developing roller surface can be reduced while maintaining the ability of the developer to be charged, and the deterioration of the developer can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, it is considered that the development streak is improved.
- the fluidity of the developer on the surface of the developing roller becomes low.
- the present inventors have further investigated the particle size distribution and particle size of the added particles. As a result, we found that the following requirements were necessary to improve both capri and development stripes simultaneously. 1) As shown in Fig. 3C, the surface layer should contain a particle with a relatively large specific particle size range and a particle with a relatively small specific particle size range at the same time.
- the developing roller according to the present invention has a shaft core 1, an elastic layer 2 on the outer periphery of the shaft core, and a surface layer 3 on the outer periphery of the elastic layer.
- the surface layer includes a resin and resin particles dispersed in the resin.
- the surface layer has convex portions derived from the resin particles on the surface.
- the surface layer has a roughness surface with a roughness curve having a skewness (hereinafter referred to as “R sk”) of 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less.
- support a convex part has the peak P1 in the particle size d1 in a volume particle size distribution.
- the volume fraction that the particles of particle size d 1 occupy in all the resin particles is a, and the volume fractions of the resin particles having particle sizes d 2 and d 3 larger than d 1 occupy in all the resin particles are b and c.
- dl, d2, d3 and a, b, c satisfy the following relational expressions (1) to (7).
- FIG. 3C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the surface of the developing roller according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- a surface layer 3 is disposed on the outer periphery of the elastic layer 2.
- the surface layer 3 includes a urethane resin as a binder resin, urethane resin particles 31 dispersed in the urethane resin, and dispersed in the urethane resin, and compared with the urethane resin particles 31.
- urethane resin particles 32 having a relatively small particle size. Then, the urethane resin particles 31 and 32 have convex portions formed on the surface of the surface layer.
- the urethane resin particles satisfy the above formulas (1) to (7) in the volume particle size distribution, and the R sk of the surface of the surface layer is 0.15 or more, 0.70 or less, particularly Is in the numerical range of 0.3 or more and 0.60 or less.
- R sk is an index of the sharpness of the convex part that constitutes the roughness of the surface.
- the contact state (contact point, contact area, etc.) of the regulating blade and the developing roller is specified. It will be possible.
- R sk is set within the above numerical range, the occurrence of development streaks in the electrophotographic image can be remarkably improved. This is considered to be because the deterioration of the developer at the contact point between the regulating blade and the developing roller can be suppressed.
- the occurrence of capri in the electrophotographic image can be remarkably suppressed.
- the non-existing portion of the relatively large urethane resin particle 31 is finely roughened by the relatively small urethane resin particle 3 2, and the developer is retained. It is thought that this is because it can be suppressed.
- the developing roller according to the present invention can extremely effectively improve both the occurrence of fogging on the electrophotographic image and the development streak.
- a method for measuring the volume particle size distribution of the resin particles in the developing roller of the present invention is described below. ⁇ Measurement method of volume particle size distribution of resin particles>
- the surface layer was cut off from the developing roller.
- the cut surface layer is torn and broken by an appropriate method, and the fractured surface is observed with an optical magnification observation means such as a video microscope.
- the observation magnification is preferably 500 to 2000 times.
- Vn ( ⁇ 3 ) the volume of each urethane resin particle: Vn ( ⁇ 3 ) can be calculated by the equation (14).
- Vn (4 ⁇ / 3) ⁇ (R / 2) 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (14)
- n is an integer from:! To 1000
- Vn (n is an integer from 1 to: I 000) is determined.
- a histogram is created in which the horizontal axis is the particle diameter (Aim) and the vertical axis is the volume fraction.
- the histogram is created as follows.
- the horizontal axis of the histogram is the resin particle equivalent area diameter: R ( ⁇ m).
- R resin particle equivalent area diameter
- the value divided by the sum of the volume of 1000 resin particles is taken as the value of the vertical axis of the histogram in that class.
- volume particle size distribution of 1000 resin particles is shown as a histogram.
- the particle size of each class: RS j ( ⁇ ) (where j is an integer from:! To 32) is obtained according to Equation (16), and RS j is the representative particle in that class. Defined as diameter.
- the vertical axis of the histogram is the volume fraction of particles of a certain representative particle size in all particles.
- d 1 ( ⁇ m) be the representative particle size of the class that shows the maximum and maximum value on the vertical axis of the histogram.
- the class having a representative particle size larger than d 1 has one or more classes indicating the maximum value on the vertical axis of the histogram.
- d 2 (im) be the representative particle size of the class with the largest representative particle size among the classes showing the maximum value.
- the class in d 2 thus determined is the peak P 2 in the present invention.
- D 3 ( ⁇ ⁇ ) indicates the class in which the vertical axis of the histogram is minimal and has a minimum value in the interval between the representative particle diameters d .1 and d 2 in the histogram.
- the representative particle size of the class having a representative particle size larger than d 1 is set to Rl, R2- ⁇ 'Rx in order from the smallest representative particle size (where X is an integer of 1 or more).
- Ax be the value of the vertical axis of the histogram of the class having a representative particle size larger than d 1
- Ax and the values of the vertical axis in the adjacent class (A x-1 and A x + 1) Compare the arithmetic mean of.
- the representative particle size RX indicating the maximum value in the graph in which the representative particle size R x is plotted on the horizontal axis and the value of Bx obtained by Equation (17) is plotted on the vertical axis is d 2 (/ zm) in the present invention.
- R x having the largest representative particle size is defined as d 2 (/ zm).
- the class in d 2 thus determined is the peak P 2 in the present invention.
- the representative particle size Rx is d 3 ( ⁇ ⁇ ). If there are a plurality of minimum representative particle sizes in the graph, the representative particle size at which the vertical axis of the histogram is the minimum among the minimum representative particle sizes is d 3 (/ z m).
- volume fraction of the particles having the representative particle diameters d 1, d 2 and d 3 determined as described above occupying the total particles is read from the histogram showing the volume particle size distribution. Let a, b, and c respectively.
- the skewness Rsk of the roughness curve of the developing roller surface roughness in the present invention was measured according to JISBO 6 01-2001. A specific measurement method is shown below.
- the developing roller was allowed to stand for 24 hours in an environment having a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55% Rh.
- a temperature 23 ° CZ humidity 55% Rh environment using a contact type surface roughness meter (trade name: S E-3500; manufactured by Kosaka Laboratories), the surface roughness in the axial direction of the developing roller.
- the skewness R sk of the roughness curve was measured.
- Axial direction 3 points each at the center of the developing roller in the axial direction and 3 Omm each inside from both axial ends.
- Circumferential direction In each of the three points in the axial direction above, in steps of 90 ° in the circumferential direction
- Measuring direction Axial direction of developing roller
- urethane resin particles when used as the binder resin of the surface layer in the present invention, it is preferable to use urethane resin particles as the resin particles. This is because the resin particles do not fall out of the binder resin due to durability, and the surface profile of the developing roller and the gap do not change.
- any shaft core body 1 may be used as long as it has good conductivity.
- a metal for example, a cylinder or a cylinder such as aluminum, iron, and stainless steel (SUS) is used.
- the outer diameter of the cylinder or cylinder is, for example, 4 to 1 Omm.
- the conductive elastic layer 2 formed on the outer periphery of the shaft core 1 will be described.
- An elastomer such as silicone rubber, EPDM or urethane, or other resin molding is used as the base material.
- An electronic conductive material such as carbon black, metal, or metal oxide, or an ion conductive material such as sodium perchlorate is added to the substrate.
- the appropriate resistance region is adjusted to 10 3 to 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ cm, preferably 10 4 to 10 8 ⁇ cm, by blending the electronic conductive material and the ion conductive turtle material.
- the hardness of the elastic layer is preferably ASKER-C hardness of 25 to 60 °.
- Examples of the material of the base material of the elastic layer 2 include the following. 'Polyurethane, natural rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisoprene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, silicone rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-gen rubber, chloroprene rubber, acrylic rubber, etc.
- silicone rubber is preferably used because of its unique properties of low hardness and high resilience.
- a polyurethane resin is preferable from the viewpoint of the chargeability of the toner and the wear resistance.
- polyether polyurethane resin is particularly preferable because the hardness of the surface layer can be reduced and the charging ability of the toner is high.
- Polyethylene polyurethane resin can be obtained by reaction of a known polyether polyol with a isocyanate compound.
- the polyether polyol include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol.
- these polyol components may be prepared in advance according to need, such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,4 diphenol 2 ⁇ methane diisocyanate (MD I), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). Or a chain-extended prepolymer.
- TDI 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate
- MD I 1,4 diphenol 2 ⁇ methane diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- isocyanate compounds that are reacted with these polyol components include:
- 'Aliphatic polyisocyanates such as ethylene diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (H D I);
- Alicyclic polyisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), cyclohexane 1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,4-diisocyanate; Aromatic polyisocyanates such as .2, 4 1-tolylene diisocyanate, 2, 6_tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI);
- the resin particles contained in the surface layer 3 are preferably spherical resin particles.
- urethane resin particles are preferred because of their adhesion to the binder resin and the charge imparting property of the toner.
- urethane resin particles satisfy the above relational expressions (1) to (7) in the volume particle size distribution, a plurality of urethane resin particles may be contained alone. You may mix.
- the resin particles may be classified.
- the classifier is not particularly limited.
- an ordinary classifier such as a sieving machine, a gravity classifier, a centrifugal classifier, or an inertia classifier can be used.
- a wind classifier such as a gravity classifier, a centrifugal classifier, or an inertia classifier. This is because productivity is good and classification points can be easily changed.
- the compounding quantity of the resin particle with respect to 100 mass parts of urethane resins is set to A [mass part].
- the thickness of the surface layer be t [/ zm].
- the ratio of particles having a particle size of 1.2 times or more the thickness of the surface layer is defined as B [%].
- the skewness R sk of the roughness curve can be controlled within the preferable range of the present invention of 0.3 to 0.6, so that the t can be expressed by the formula (11). It is preferable that A and B satisfy the formula (1 2).
- the micro rubber hardness on the surface of the developing roller is 30 degrees or more and 38 degrees or less, the effect of suppressing the capri can be enhanced. This is because damage to the developer can be reduced by appropriately reducing the surface hardness of the developing roller.
- the developing roller according to the present invention forms an elastic layer on the outer periphery of the shaft core.
- a surface layer is disposed on the outer periphery of the elastic layer.
- the surface layer comprises 12 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less of resin particles having a volume average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m or more and 22 ⁇ or less, and 100 parts by mass of volume average particle diameter of 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. It can be obtained by containing 3 to 15 parts by mass of resin particles of 0 to 27 ⁇ m.
- the resin particles having a volume average particle diameter of 7 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less are 15 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, and the volume average particle diameter is 1
- a surface layer containing 5 mass parts or more and 10 mass parts or less of resin particles of 2 / im or more and 20 / m or less is preferable.
- urethane resin particles can be used, but spherical particles made of a crosslinked urethane resin are preferred because of their excellent dispersibility and stability.
- the volume average particle size of urethane resin particles is a precision particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: Maru It can be measured with a Chitisizer (Multisizer 2); manufactured by Beckman Coulter. Connect the interface for outputting the number distribution and volume distribution (manufactured by Nikka Ki Bios) and a personal computer to the above precision particle size distribution analyzer.
- a 1% NaC1 aqueous solution is prepared using primary sodium chloride as the electrolyte.
- the developing roller according to the present invention can be obtained by forming a 14 layer on the outer periphery of the shaft core using a known method and forming a surface layer on the outer periphery by a known method.
- the formation method of the elastic layer is not particularly limited, but since the elastic layer can be formed with high V and dimensional accuracy, a method of forming the elastic layer by injecting an elastic material into the mold is preferable. .
- the method for forming the surface layer is not particularly limited. Since a stable surface shape can be obtained, a method of coating a surface layer paint on the elastic layer is preferable. In particular, because of excellent production stability, a dip coat that overflows the paint from the upper end of the dipping bath as described in JP-A-5-7-5047 is preferable.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of overflow dip coating.
- 25 is a cylindrical immersion tank having an inner diameter larger than that of the roller and a depth larger than the axial length of the roller.
- An annular liquid receiver is provided on the outer periphery of the upper edge of the immersion tank 25, and is connected to the stirring tank 27.
- the bottom of the immersion tank 25 is connected to the stirring tank 27, and the paint in the stirring tank 27 is fed to the bottom of the immersion tank 25 by the liquid feed pump 26.
- the paint sent to the bottom of the immersion tank 25 overflows from the upper end of the immersion tank and returns to the agitation tank 27 via the liquid receiving part on the outer periphery of the upper edge of the immersion tank 25.
- the roller member provided with the elastic layer 2 on the shaft core 1 is fixed vertically to the elevating device 28, immersed in the immersion tank 25, and pulled up to form the resin layer 3. Resistance modifier>
- the conductive material used for adjusting the electrical resistance of the elastic layer 2 and the surface layer 3 may be an electronic conductive material or an ion conductive material. ⁇ Electronic conductive material>
- Examples of electronically conductive materials include:
- Conductive carbon for example, ketjen black EC, acetylene black, etc.
- Metals such as copper, silver and germanium, and metal oxides.
- carbon black is preferred because it can control the conductivity with a small amount.
- These conductive powders are preferably used in an amount of usually 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, particularly 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base material.
- ion conductive materials examples include:
- Inorganic ionic conductive materials such as sodium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate, calcium perchlorate, and lithium chloride.
- the dispersion method of the resistance adjusting material in the material forming the elastic layer 2 is not particularly limited, and a known apparatus such as a roll, a Banbury mixer, a pressure feeder is used. Can be dispersed.
- the method for dispersing the resistance adjusting agent and the urethane resin particles in the coating material forming the surface layer 3 is not particularly limited.
- the resistance modifier, the urethane resin particles, and the like can be added to a resin solution obtained by dissolving a resin material in a suitable organic solvent, and can be dispersed using a known apparatus such as a sand grinder, a sand mill, or a ball mill. .
- a sand grinder a sand mill, or a ball mill.
- the electric resistance of the developing roller of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ 10 7 ⁇ or less. That is, when used in the process of applying a bias to the developing blade, the electrical resistance blade bias leak is liable to occur in the case of less than 1 X 1 0 5 ⁇ , the electric resistance value exceeds 1 X 1 0 7 ⁇ In some cases, development negative goths are likely to occur. ⁇ Method for measuring electrical resistance of developing roller>
- the device shown in Fig. 7 is used as the electrical resistance measurement device.
- Development port The roller 6 is in contact with a metal drum 29 having a diameter of 5 Omm with a load of 4.9 N on each end of the shaft core of the developing roller.
- the surface speed of the metal drum 29 is driven by a driving means (not shown). By driving at 5 Omm / sec, the developing roller 6 is driven and rotated.
- a voltage of + 50V is applied from the high voltage power supply HV to the shaft core of the developing roller.
- a digital multimeter DMM FLUKE 1 89 TRU E RMS MULT IMETER
- the potential difference between the two ends of a resistor R with a known electrical resistance placed between the metal inlet 29 and the ground is measured. measure.
- the electrical resistance should be at least two orders of magnitude lower than that of the image roller.
- the current flowing to the metal roller through the developing roller is calculated.
- the electric resistance value of the developing roller is obtained by calculating from the current and the applied voltage 50V.
- the developing device 10 is a developing device used in an electrophotographic apparatus provided with the developing roller.
- the developing device includes a one-component dry developer, a developing roller that carries the developer on the surface, and a developing blade that controls the amount of developer on the developing roller.
- both the capri and the developing stripe can be improved at the same time regardless of the toner used.
- these developing devices can also be used as an all-in-one process cartridge 4 together with a photosensitive drum, a cleaning blade, a waste toner container, and a charging device.
- the volume average particle diameter of the developer can be measured by a precision particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: Multi sizer 2; manufactured by Beckman Kolter Co., Ltd.).
- An interface manufactured by Nikka Ki Bios that outputs the number distribution and volume distribution and a personal computer are connected to the precision particle size distribution analyzer.
- 1% NaCl aqueous solution using 1st grade sodium chloride as electrolyte.
- ISOTON R-I I trade name; manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.
- 0.1 to 5 ml of a surfactant preferably alkylbenzene sulfonate
- the volume particle size distribution of 16 channels is measured in the range of 1.59 111 to 64.00 tm using the Coulter Multisizer that employs an aperture of 100.
- the measured 550% D diameter is defined as the volume average particle diameter of the developer in the present invention.
- the developer (toner) that can be used in the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method, but is not limited to the following method.
- Interfacial polymerization method such as microcapsule manufacturing method.
- a process of kneading and uniformly dispersing the toner components using a pressure kneader, extruder or media disperser is a process of kneading and uniformly dispersing the toner components using a pressure kneader, extruder or media disperser.
- toner particles by suspension polymerization, association polymerization, or emulsion dispersion is preferred, and suspension polymerization is preferred because toner particles having a small particle diameter can be easily obtained.
- the shape of the toner particles is preferably close to a sphere.
- the toner particle has a shape factor of SF-1 of 100 to 150, more preferably 100 to 140, and even more preferably 100 to I.
- the range is 30.
- 3-2 is in the range of 100 to 140, more preferably 100 to 130, and still more preferably 100 to 120. It is within the range.
- the method for measuring the toner shape factor (SF-1, SF-2) is shown below.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an image forming apparatus using the developing roller of the present invention and a process cartridge including the developing roller.
- a process cartridge 4 is detachably mounted.
- the process cartridge 4 includes a developing roller 6, a developer applying member 7, a developer 8, a developing device 10, a photosensitive drum 5, a cleaning blade 14, a waste toner container 13, and a charging device 12.
- the developing device 10 includes a developing blade 9 having a mechanism capable of applying a blade bias.
- the photosensitive drum 5 rotates in the direction of the arrow, is uniformly charged by a charging member 12 for charging the photosensitive drum 5, and is irradiated with laser light 11 which is an exposure means for writing an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 5.
- An electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface.
- the electrostatic latent image is developed by applying toner by a developing device 10 disposed in contact with the photosensitive drum 5, Visualized as a toner image.
- Development is so-called reversal development in which a toner image is formed on the exposed portion.
- the paper 22 as a recording medium is supplied to the transfer conveyance belt 20 by the paper feed roller 2 3 and the suction roller 24.
- 1 8 is a bias power source for applying a bias to the suction roller 24.
- the transfer conveyance belt 20 is stretched between the driving roller 16, the tension roller and the driven roller 21, and is rotated by the driving roller 16.
- the visualized toner image on the photosensitive drum 5 is transferred by the transfer roller 17 to the paper 22 transported by the transfer transport belt 20.
- the paper 2 2 to which the toner image has been transferred is fixed by the fixing device 15 and discharged outside the device, and the printing operation is completed.
- the untransferred residual toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 5 without being transferred is scraped off by a cleaning blade 14 which is a cleaning member for cleaning the surface of the photosensitive member, and a waste toner container 1 3
- the photosensitive drum 5 housed in and cleaned is repeatedly operated as described above.
- the developing device 10 includes a developer container containing non-magnetic toner 8 as a one-component developer, and a developer carrier positioned in an opening extending in the longitudinal direction in the developer container and facing the photosensitive drum 5. As a developing roller 6. The electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 5 is developed and visualized.
- the developing process in the developing device 10 will be described below.
- the toner is applied onto the developing roller 6 by the toner applying member 7 that is rotatably supported.
- the toner applied on the developing roller 6 is rubbed against the developing blade 9 by the rotation of the developing roller 6.
- the toner applied on the developing roller is uniformly coated on the developing roller by the bias applied to the developing blade 9.
- the developing roller 6 contacts with the photosensitive drum 5 while rotating, and an image is formed by developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 5 with toner coated on the developing roller 6.
- the polarity of the bias applied to the developing blade 9 is the same as the charging polarity of the toner.
- the voltage is generally tens to hundreds of volts higher than the development bias.
- the developing blade is preferably conductive, and more preferably a metal such as phosphor bronze or stainless steel.
- the structure of the toner application member 7 includes a foamed skeleton-like sponge structure and a fur brush structure in which fibers such as rayon and polyamide are planted on the shaft core. This is preferable from the viewpoint of peeling off the developing toner.
- an elastic roller having a polyurethane foam on a shaft core can be used.
- the contact width of the toner applying member 7 with respect to the developing roller 6 is preferably 1 mm or more and 8 mm or less. In addition, it is preferable that the developing roller 6 has a relative speed at the contact portion.
- the types of resin particles used in each example and comparative example are as follows.
- the volume average particle size of each resin particle is a value measured by a precision particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: Multisizer 2; Beckman Coulter, Inc.).
- Urethane resin particles (trade name: Arte Pearl C800 transparent; manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 7.3 ⁇ ).
- Urethane resin particles (trade name: Art Pearl C600 transparent; manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 10.3 // m). ⁇ Resin particles C>
- Urethane resin particles (trade name: Arte Pearl C 4 0 0 transparent; manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 1 4.0 // m).
- Urethane resin particles (trade name: Art Pearl C3 0 0 transparent; manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 2 1.5 ⁇ m) 0
- Urethane resin particles (trade name: Art Pearl C200 transparent; manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 30.5 ⁇ m).
- Resin particles A are classified using a classifier (trade name: Turboflex 100 ATP; manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.) to remove coarse powder, and volume average particle size 6.0 ⁇ , 25% D size 5. O ju m, 7 5% D diameter adjusted to 6.7 ⁇ .
- a classifier trade name: Turboflex 100 ATP; manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.
- Fine particles and coarse powder are removed from the resin particles A using the above classifier, and the volume average particle diameter is 6.8 m, 25% D diameter 5.3 ⁇ m, 7 5% D diameter 7.3 ⁇ Adjusted. ⁇ Resin particles A c>
- the coarse particles were removed from the resin particles A using the classifier described above, and the volume average particle diameter was adjusted to 4.7 ⁇ , 25% D diameter, 4.0 ⁇ , 75% diameter 5.2 / zm. thing.
- Fine particles and coarse particles are removed from particle A using the above classifier, and the volume average particle size is adjusted to 7.5 ⁇ m, 2 5% D diameter 6.5 m, 7 5% D diameter 7.8 ⁇ ⁇ What you did.
- Fine particles and coarse particles are removed from the particle A using the above classifier, and the volume average particle size is 7.0 ⁇ ⁇ , 25% D diameter 6.2 ⁇ m, 75% D diameter 7.2 ⁇ . Adjusted. Resin particles B a>
- Coarse powder was removed from particle B using the above classifier, and the volume average particle diameter was adjusted to 9.3 m, 25% D diameter 7.6 m, and 75% D diameter 10.7 / xm.
- Fine particles and coarse powder were removed from the resin particles B using the classifier described above, and the volume average particle diameter was adjusted to 10.0 m, 25% D diameter 8.5 ⁇ m, and 75% D diameter 10.7 / m. thing.
- Fine particles were removed from the resin particles C using the classifier described above, and the volume average particle size was adjusted to 15.3 ⁇ m, 25% D diameter 1 2.3 ⁇ m, 75% D diameter 1 7. ⁇ ⁇ thing. ⁇ Resin particles C b>
- Fine powder and coarse powder are removed from resin particle C using the above classifier, and the volume average particle size is adjusted to 12.3 / zm, 25% D diameter 9.2 ⁇ m, 75% D diameter 14.7 ⁇ What you did.
- Fine particles and coarse particles were removed from the resin particles C using the classifier described above, and the volume average particle size was adjusted to 14.8 / im, 25% D diameter 13.5 ⁇ m, 75% D diameter 15. ⁇ ⁇ thing.
- Fine powder and coarse powder are removed from resin particle C using the above classifier, and the volume average particle diameter is adjusted to 12.0 ⁇ m, 25% D diameter 10.5 / xm, 75% D diameter 12.9 ⁇ What.
- Fine powder and coarse powder are removed from resin particles C using the above classifier, and the volume average particle size is adjusted to 17.3 ⁇ m, 25% D diameter 15.3 ⁇ m, 75% D diameter 18.4 ⁇ What. ⁇ Resin particles E a>
- the coarse particles are removed from the resin particles E using the above classifier, and the volume average particle size 26.5 ⁇ m, 2 5% D diameter 19.6 ⁇ m, 7 5% 0 diameter 3 2. O / Adjusted to m. ⁇ Resin particles D a>
- Fine particles are removed from the resin particles D using the above classifier, and the volume average particle diameter is 24.2 ⁇ m, 25% D diameter is 20.2 / zm, and 7% is adjusted to 26.9 mm. What you did. ⁇ Resin particles D c>
- Fine particles and coarse powder are removed from the resin particles D using the classifier described above, and the volume average particle size 19.5 ⁇ , 25% D diameter 17.3 ⁇ m, 7 5% D diameter 2 0. Adjusted to 5 xm.
- Atalyl resin particles (trade name: Chemisnow MX 15500 H; manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., volume average particle size 15.0 ⁇ ).
- Nickel plating is applied to the surface of a SUS core with a diameter of 8 mm, and a primer (product name: DY 3 5-0 51, manufactured by Toray Dow Coung Silicone) is applied and baked.
- a shaft core 1 was prepared.
- the shaft core 1 was placed inside a cylindrical mold having an inner diameter of 16 mm so as to be concentric with the cylindrical mold.
- an addition-type silicone rubber composition having the following composition was poured into the mold.
- the mold is heated to produce the addition type silicone rubber composition.
- the material was vulcanized and cured at 150 ° C for 15 minutes.
- the silicone rubber was further heated at 200 ° C. for 2 hours to complete the curing reaction.
- An elastic layer 2 made of silicone rubber having a thickness of 4 mm was provided on the outer periphery of the shaft core body 1.
- Liquid silicone rubber (Product name: S E 6724 AZB, manufactured by Toray Dow Cowing Silicone): 100 parts by mass,
- Carbon black (Product name: Talker Black # 7360 S B, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.): 35 parts by mass,
- Isocyanate compound (trade name: Millionate MT, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.): 20 parts by mass.
- the polyol prepared as described above and block polyisocyanate A were mixed so that the base ratio was 1.4.
- ME K was added so that the total solid content ratio was 35% by mass, and dispersion was performed using a glass bead having a particle size of 1.5 mm for 4 hours using a sand mill.
- Resin particle C 6 parts by mass.
- the obtained resin particle dispersion was added to Dispersion 1 and further dispersed for 30 minutes using a sand mill to obtain a coating material for the surface layer.
- Table 1 shows the addition amount of the surface layer binder resin and the results of the resin particles added to the surface layer.
- the coating material for the surface layer obtained as described above was dip-coated on the elastic layer using an dip coating apparatus of the overflow method shown in FIG. 6 and then dried, at 150 ° C. for 2 hours.
- a heat treatment was performed to provide a resin layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m on the surface of the elastic layer, whereby the developing roller of Example 1 was obtained.
- the obtained developing roller was allowed to stand for 24 hours or more in an environment of 23 ° C / 55% Rh, and the following various measurements were performed.
- the volume particle size distribution of the resin particles in the surface layer of the developing roller obtained as described above was measured by the method described above. The measurement results are shown in Table 2-1.
- the surface layer of the developing roller is cut out into a semi-cylindrical shape together with the elastic layer from a total of 3 points on the center side of the developing roller and 3 O mm center side from both ends of the roller.
- Thickness measurement samples (1) to (3) were obtained.
- the measurement position was changed and the 5-point surface layer thickness was measured, and the average value of the total 15 measurement results was taken as the surface layer thickness of the developing roller.
- a means for measuring the surface layer thickness a video microscope (manufactured by Keyence Corporation, magnification 200,000 times) was used. Table 1 shows the measurement results.
- the degree of distortion R sk of the roughness curve in the surface roughness of the developing roller obtained as described above was measured by the method described above. The measurement results are shown in Table 2-11.
- Resin particles are mixed so as to have the same mixing ratio as the resin particles added to the surface layer coating, and the volume particle size distribution of the mixed particles is measured with a precision particle size distribution analyzer (trade name: Multi-sizer 2); Beckman Coulter Co.). Specifically, an interface (manufactured by Nikka Ki Bios) that outputs the number distribution and volume integral cloth and a personal computer were connected to the precision particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
- a precision particle size distribution analyzer trade name: Multi-sizer 2); Beckman Coulter Co.
- an interface manufactured by Nikka Ki Bios
- an electrolytic solution a 1% NaC1 aqueous solution was prepared using primary sodium chloride. In 100 ml of the electrolyte solution, 0.1 ml of a surfactant as a dispersant was added, and about 5 mg of a measurement sample was further added.
- the electrolyte solution in which the measurement sample was suspended was dispersed for about 1 minute with an ultrasonic disperser. .
- the volume particle size distribution of was measured. From the measurement results, the volume fraction B [%] of particles having a particle size of 1.2 times or more of the surface layer thickness was determined. Further, when the blending amount of the resin particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin of the surface layer is A [parts by mass], the value derived from the following relational expression is defined as the amount of coarse particles of the resin particles. Table 1 shows the measurement results. ..
- the process cartridge for the printer (trade name: LB P 5500; manufactured by Canon Inc.) was modified to use a SUS blade with a thickness of 80 xm as the developing blade so that a blade bias could be applied to the developing blade. .
- this process cartridge the volume average particle size produced by the polymerization method described in Example 1 of JP-A-2006-106 1 98 5.5 / im, shape factor SF-1 force 1 14, SF-2 Filled with 108 magenta toners.
- the development roller prepared above was incorporated into this process cartridge to produce three force output test cartridges.
- the printer (trade name: LBP 5500; manufactured by Canon Inc.) was modified to apply a blade bias to the image blade.
- the above image output test cartridge was installed in this printer, and an image output test was conducted.
- applying a blade bias of 200V to the development bias temperature 23 ° CZ humidity 55% Rh (NZN environment), temperature 15 ° C / humidity 10% Rh (L / L environment), temperature 30 Images with a print rate of 1% were continuously output in each environment of ° CZ humidity 80% Rh (HZH environment). Each time 1000 sheets were output, the presence or absence of development streaks was confirmed.
- 20000 (20K) images were output, and development streaks and capri were evaluated by the following methods.
- the presence or absence of development streaks was determined by outputting a solid image or a halftone image and visually observing the image.
- the developing roller that did not generate development streaks even after the output of 20000 (20K) images was given the best “AJ” in the evaluation rank.
- a solid white image is output, and the solid white image is measured using a reflection densitometer TC-6DS-A (manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku) to measure the reflection density of the white background.
- D s be the average of the 10 points measured in.
- D r the difference between D s and the reflection density of the paper before the output of the solid white image (the average value is D r) was obtained, and this was taken as the amount of capri.
- the capri density exceeds 1.0, the image is considered to be defective and has an effect on the image.
- the development streaks and fog were good in any environment. The results are shown in Table 3.
- a developing roller was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin particles to be added, the amount of resin particles added, and the surface layer thickness were changed as shown in Table 1. Various measurements and evaluations were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2-1 and Table 3.
- Rh Development streak Capri Development streak Capri Example 1 A 0.3 A 0.4 A 0.4
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07807408.5A EP2071412B1 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-10 | Developing roller, developing apparatus using the same and image forming apparatus |
KR1020097009219A KR101049326B1 (ko) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-10 | 현상 롤러, 그것을 사용한 현상 장치 및 화상 형성 장치 |
CN2007800372731A CN101523304B (zh) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-10 | 显影辊、使用该显影辊的显影设备和图像形成设备 |
US12/061,385 US7570905B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-02 | Developing roller, developing apparatus using the same, and image forming apparatus |
US12/339,623 US20090123195A1 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-12-19 | Developing roller, developing apparatus using the same, and image forming apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006275524 | 2006-10-06 | ||
JP2006-275524 | 2006-10-06 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/061,385 Continuation US7570905B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-02 | Developing roller, developing apparatus using the same, and image forming apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008044427A1 true WO2008044427A1 (fr) | 2008-04-17 |
Family
ID=39282636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/068004 WO2008044427A1 (fr) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-10 | Rouleau de développement, appareil de développement utilisant celui-ci et appareil de formation d'image |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7570905B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2071412B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101049326B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101523304B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008044427A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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EP2287675A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2011-02-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Development roller, method for manufacturing thereof, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming device |
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JP2021060435A (ja) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-15 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 帯電ローラ |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2287675A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2011-02-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Development roller, method for manufacturing thereof, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming device |
EP2287675A4 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2013-09-04 | Canon Kk | DEVELOPMENT ROLLER, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, PROCESS CARTRIDGE AND ELECTRO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURE PRODUCTION DEVICE |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2071412B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
CN101523304B (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
EP2071412A4 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
KR101049326B1 (ko) | 2011-07-13 |
EP2071412A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
US20090123195A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
US20080193172A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
KR20090086534A (ko) | 2009-08-13 |
US7570905B2 (en) | 2009-08-04 |
CN101523304A (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
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