WO2007140922A1 - Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor - Google Patents

Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007140922A1
WO2007140922A1 PCT/EP2007/004813 EP2007004813W WO2007140922A1 WO 2007140922 A1 WO2007140922 A1 WO 2007140922A1 EP 2007004813 W EP2007004813 W EP 2007004813W WO 2007140922 A1 WO2007140922 A1 WO 2007140922A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glow plug
gradient
temperature
limit
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/004813
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Kernwein
Olaf Toedter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Beru AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beru AG filed Critical Beru AG
Priority to EP07764556.2A priority Critical patent/EP2024634B1/de
Priority to US12/227,736 priority patent/US8976505B2/en
Priority to JP2009512492A priority patent/JP4944951B2/ja
Priority to KR1020087029137A priority patent/KR101371397B1/ko
Publication of WO2007140922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007140922A1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/025—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/021—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
    • F02P19/023—Individual control of the glow plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a glow plug in a diesel engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of a glow plug control unit 1 for performing a method which from the article "The electronically controlled glow system ISS for diesel engines", published in DE-Z MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 61, (2000) 10, pp. 668-675
  • This control device comprises a microprocessor 2 with integrated digital-to-analog converter, a number of MOSFET power semiconductors 3 for switching on and off an equal number of glow plugs 4, an electrical interface 5 for connection to a motor control unit 6 and an internal power supply 7 for the microprocessor 2 and for the interface 5.
  • the internal power supply 7 has via the "terminal 15" of a vehicle connection to a vehicle battery.
  • the microprocessor 2 controls the power semiconductors 3, reads their status information and communicates via the electrical interface 5 with the engine control unit 6.
  • the interface 5 makes an adjustment of the signals required for communication between the engine control unit 6 and the microprocessor 2.
  • the power supply 7 supplies a stable voltage for the microprocessor 2 and for the interface 5.
  • the control unit 1 supplies the glow plugs 4 with a heating voltage, the z. B. 11 volts to as soon as possible, the ignition temperature - it is about 860 0 C - to exceed and reach the steady temperature, which should accept the glow plug after the ignition of the engine and maintain until the engine has reached its normal operating temperature.
  • the microprocessor 2 controls the power semiconductors 3 by a method of pulse width modulation, with the result that the voltage from the electrical system, which is supplied to the power semiconductors 3 via the "terminal 30" of the vehicle is modulated so that the desired voltage is applied to the glow plugs on a time average.
  • the ignition temperature and the steady-state temperature should be reached as quickly as possible.
  • a temperature of 1000 0 C, starting from a cold engine (eg 0 0 C) is reached after about 2s.
  • Such a rapid increase in temperature can not end abruptly. Therefore, it comes to an overshoot, ie, the temperature rises despite lowering the effective voltage of z. B. 11 volts to 6 volts on the steady temperature and reaches a maximum, which is typically a few tens of degrees to about 200 0 C above the target steady-state temperature, and then drop to the steady-state temperature.
  • the time of heating a glow plug from the cold starting point to exceeding the steady-state temperature is also referred to as preheating time or preheating phase.
  • the glow plug in the preheating phase with a predetermined energy in the form of electrical energy.
  • the energy and the time it is supplied will determine how quickly the glow plug glow tip temperature will increase and, together with the glow plug output temperature, also affect how high the glow peak temperature of the glow plug Glow plug fails.
  • a danger point is the achievement of a too high temperature, in particular as a consequence of a too high overshoot in the temperature course.
  • Another danger point arises from the unavoidable thermal inertia of the glow plug and from the fact that glow plugs are composed of materials with different thermal inertia, namely materials with different heat capacity and different thermal conductivity. Therefore, temperature differences occur in the glow plug, in particular in boundary regions between different materials, which generate mechanical stresses which are greater, the greater the temperature differences, and the temperature differences are greater, the faster the temperature changes. The mechanical stresses that occur in each preheat phase can damage the glow plug and / or shorten its life.
  • DE 102 47 042 B3 proposes to model the thermal behavior of the glow plug when it is heated by a physical model, for. Example, by a capacitor which is designed so that it stores a supplied electrical energy with similar dynamics as the glow plug, which converts the energy supplied to it during heating electrical energy into heat and stores.
  • the physical model of the glow plug is according to the teaching of DE 102
  • 47 042 B3 realized in the control unit for the glow plug and parallel to the heating of the glow plug supplied with a small current. If it is a capacitor, then this is designed so that its state of charge is proportional to the temperature of the glow plug. In the controller, instead of the temperature of the glow plug, the state of charge of the capacitor is monitored and, assuming that its state of charge corresponds to the temperature of the glow plug, the glow plug is controlled according to the state of charge.
  • the disadvantage here is that the result of this method can not be better than the physical model.
  • the temperature development of the glow plug depends on many factors: fluctuations in the supply voltage, the fluctuations in the glow plug resistance, the installation conditions of the glow plug in the engine, the engine temperature, the operating condition of the engine, in particular the engine speed, the injection quantity, from the engine load and finally the aging condition of the glow plug.
  • the cooling conditions prevailing in the engine can not or only with difficulty be considered in such a physical model.
  • 48 391 B3 therefore proposes that the cooling conditions by a mathematical Model replicate. This should in particular make it possible to make a statement about the temperature development of a glow plug when the engine has been switched off and is to be restarted. If, in such a case, the glow plug is still warm, it must not be charged with the same energy as in the case of a cold start, because otherwise the glow plug could get too hot and be damaged.
  • a glow plug in a diesel engine in particular in the preheating phase, is controlled by measuring the time gradient of an electrical quantity occurring at the glow plug, comparing it with a limit value and changing the effective electrical supply voltage of the glow plug when passing the limit value.
  • the invention avoids the difficulties encountered by those skilled in the art in attempting to control the temperature of a glow plug directly or by incorporating a physical or mathematical model of the glow plug by dispensing with the temperature of the glow plug or the temperature of the glow plug to model the replicated size of a physical model. Rather, according to the invention, the time gradient of an electrical quantity which occurs at the glow plug and is temperature-dependent is determined and compared with one or more limit values. • The gradient of a temperature-dependent electrical measurand can be determined without knowing the absolute magnitude of the temperature. This considerably simplifies the measuring task.
  • the method according to the invention is largely independent of production-related variations in the resistance of the glow plugs. •
  • the steepness of the temperature rise of the glow plug of a glow plug which becomes a risk to the glow plug if it is too large and prevents the diesel engine from starting quickly if it is too small, is directly reflected in the gradient of the temperature-dependent electrical quantity , which is measured on the glow plug. As a result, can be read directly from the gradient, how fast the glow plug is heated and how much the glow plug is charged by the heating process.
  • the load can be reduced immediately by reducing the effective voltage supplied to the glow plug.
  • the effective electrical voltage supplied to the glow plug may still increase in the current preheat phase, thereby achieving the ignition temperature and in further consequence, the achievement of the steady-state temperature of the glow plug can be accelerated without damage to the glow plug, because the monitoring of the gradient with respect to an upper limit value prevents excessive loading of the glow plug.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for optimizing the heating up of the glow plugs by operating them in the vicinity of a predetermined load limit.
  • the course of the gradient of a temperature-dependent electrical variable makes it possible to estimate which end temperature would be reached if no control action were taken in the course of the heating process.
  • Such information can z. B. can be obtained by comparing the temporal evolution of the gradient with a reference curve showing the temporal evolution of the gradient, which was recorded with a glow plug of the same type under realistic installation conditions.
  • one can compare the course of the gradient with the course of the gradient of a heated under ideal conditions glow plug and reduce the effective supply voltage when the observed gradient can expect a too high end temperature, or temporarily increase the supply voltage when the observed gradient contrast to a low end temperature is expected.
  • the heating process of the glow plug can not only be dampened or delayed, but can also be completely broken off in order to avoid greater damage. In this case, the driver may be warned that something is wrong with a glow plug and may also be told which glow plug it is.
  • the invention obtains useful information about the course of the heating process of a glow plug from the temporal gradient of a temperature-dependent electrical measured variable.
  • the electrical resistance of the glow plug can be observed and its gradient can be determined.
  • the resistance can be determined by measuring the available vehicle electrical system voltage in conjunction with an independent current measurement.
  • the voltage drop occurring at the supply line to the glow plug is preferably taken into account in order to obtain a measurement result which essentially depends only on the resistance of the heating conductor or the heating conductor provided in the glow plug, but not on the supply line resistance. How to consider the lead resistance in the measurement is disclosed in DE 10 2006 010 082 A1, to which express reference is therefore made.
  • Modern Stahlglühkerzen with short heating time have a concentrated on the glow plug tip combination of heating coil and sensor coil, wherein the resistance of the heating coil has a smaller temperature coefficient than the resistance of the control coil, which z. B. may have a PTC characteristic.
  • the gradient of electrical resistance is greatest with a cold glow plug. As the temperature rises, it drops and goes to zero, when the temperature of the glow plug goes through its maximum, it becomes negative when the glow plug temperature drops again and approaches zero, as the temperature of the glow plug approaches steady-state temperature.
  • the limitation of the maximum of the gradient of the resistance is the easiest way to limit the slope of the temperature rise. The easiest way to do this is to reduce the effective supply voltage of the glow plug when the gradient exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the effective supply voltage for the glow plug may be increased accordingly to accelerate the heating.
  • Another possibility to carry out the method according to the invention is to observe the current consumption of the glow plug, because it is temperature-dependent on the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of the glow plug. The power consumption is greatest with a cold glow plug, then drops until the glow plug is at its maximum temperature and then rises again slightly until the glow plug approaches its steady-state temperature. As a result, the gradient of the current is initially negative, rising during the preheat phase of the glow plug, going through zero when the resistance of the glow plug is at its maximum, and then approaching zero from positive values as well the temperature of the glow plug approaches its steady-state steady-state temperature. In order to be independent of the sign of the gradient, one can use the absolute value of the gradient for comparison with limit values. The limit values can be formed from empirical values.
  • the course of the gradient of the electrical resistance as well as the course of the gradient of the electrical current can be compared with a reference curve. If the observed time course of the gradient is steeper than the reference curve, this can be counteracted by a reduction in the effective supply voltage of the glow plug, whereas in cases where the observed course of the gradient of the current intensity is shallower than the reference curve, the effective supply voltage for the glow plug can be temporarily increased to accelerate the heating of the glow plug.
  • a rough hedge of the glow plugs can be achieved by defining a single limit for the gradient of the electrical resistance or for the gradient of the electrical current consumption in order to limit the steepness of the temperature increase upwards absolutely.
  • the limitation is effective in the lower temperature range of the preheating phase.
  • the height of the achievable temperature can be controlled independently of a controlling intervention in the effective supply voltage to avoid exceeding limit values by supplying a predetermined energy to the glow plug in the preheating phase. This mainly determines the achievable temperature ture, wherein the period of time over which the energy is supplied, somewhat extended, if an initially too steep rise in temperature should be braked by the inventive method, whereas the preheat phase shortens when due to falling below a lower limit of the gradient, the effective supply voltage should be raised.
  • the limit value is changed over the course of the preheating phase, so that the steepness of the temperature increase can be controlled not only at the beginning of the preheating phase but during the entire preheating phase.
  • the steps may be determined on a timebase basis, but may also be related to the change in electrical resistance or to the change in electrical current consumption or to the progress of the energy supply, the latter possibility being particularly preferred because it divides the preheat phase into intervals same energy supply automatically means that the adaptation of the limit values takes place the more quickly, the steeper the temperature increase is.
  • the gradients are preferably measured periodically recurring. The shorter the period, the more perfect the control becomes. Conveniently, the gradient is determined at least 20 times per second, preferably at least 30 times per second.
  • the frequency of the pulse width modulation, with which the effective supply voltage is adjusted is preferably an integer multiple of the frequency with which the gradient determination takes place; Particularly preferred is a method in which the two frequencies coincide. This allows synchronization of the timing of the gradient determination with the current supply in the pulse width modulation at the power supply.
  • An advantage of the invention is that it is even possible to regulate the gradient of the electrical resistance or the electrical current consumption to a desired value, which can be derived from the ideal temperature profile of an ideal glow plug. In this way, you can approach the ideal as best as possible with the real temperature curve of the real glow plug.
  • the ideal temperature profile of an ideal glow plug can be stored in the control unit for the glow plug, eg. In the memory of a microprocessor or microcontroller which controls the power supply of the glow plug and the determination of the measured values for the gradient determination, which compares the gradients with the limit values and, depending on the result of the comparison, adapts the effective voltage with which the glow plug is supplied.
  • the limit values can be stored in the memory of the microprocessor or microcontroller, in particular as a series of discrete limit values distributed over the course of the preheat phase, from which the microprocessor or microcontroller selects each one which belongs at the time within the respective preheat phase, for which the gradient was determined.
  • the attached Figure 2 shows an example of a typical profile of the temperature of a glow plug and the associated gradients of the gradient of Glühkerzenwider- estate and the current flowing through the glow plug and examples of the choice of limits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
PCT/EP2007/004813 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor Ceased WO2007140922A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07764556.2A EP2024634B1 (de) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor
US12/227,736 US8976505B2 (en) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Method for controlling a glow plug in a diesel engine
JP2009512492A JP4944951B2 (ja) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 ディーゼル機関におけるグロープラグを制御する方法
KR1020087029137A KR101371397B1 (ko) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 디젤 엔진 예열 플러그 제어 방법

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006025834.7 2006-06-02
DE102006025834A DE102006025834B4 (de) 2006-06-02 2006-06-02 Verfahren zum Steuern einer Glühkerze in einem Dieselmotor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007140922A1 true WO2007140922A1 (de) 2007-12-13

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PCT/EP2007/004813 Ceased WO2007140922A1 (de) 2006-06-02 2007-05-31 Verfahren zum steuern einer glühkerze in einem dieselmotor

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US8976505B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP2024634B1 (https=)
JP (1) JP4944951B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR101371397B1 (https=)
DE (1) DE102006025834B4 (https=)
WO (1) WO2007140922A1 (https=)

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EP1762724A1 (de) 2005-09-09 2007-03-14 Beru AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben der Glühkerzen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine
JP2011511205A (ja) * 2008-02-04 2011-04-07 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 内燃機関の少なくとも１つのグロープラグの監視方法及び装置
US8912470B2 (en) 2009-07-01 2014-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling a glow plug

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DE102009032959B4 (de) * 2009-07-14 2012-04-05 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Glühkerze
JP5155964B2 (ja) 2009-08-07 2013-03-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグの通電制御装置及び発熱システム
DE102009046438B4 (de) * 2009-11-05 2025-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung oder Steuerung der Temperatur einer Glühstiftkerze
JP5540841B2 (ja) * 2010-04-05 2014-07-02 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ通電制御装置
DE102011006790B4 (de) * 2010-04-05 2021-04-22 Denso Corporation Steuerungsvorrichtung zum steuern einer stromzufuhr an eine glühkerze, die in einer dieselbrennkraftmaschine angebracht ist
DE102010029047A1 (de) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Temperaturtoleranz von Glühstiftkerzen
DE102011004514A1 (de) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuergerät zur Einstellung einer Temperatur einer Glühstiftkerze
US9528487B2 (en) * 2011-11-17 2016-12-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Starter motor control with pre-spin
DE102012102013B3 (de) * 2012-03-09 2013-06-13 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung der Temperatur einer Glühkerze
DE102012217787B3 (de) * 2012-09-28 2014-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose einer Einrichtung zur Bestimmung der Temperatur einer Komponente eines elektrischen Aggregates
JP5995993B2 (ja) * 2012-12-27 2016-09-21 ボッシュ株式会社 グロープラグ診断方法及び車両用グロープラグ駆動制御装置
US9534575B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2017-01-03 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Method for igniting a fuel/air mixture, ignition system and glow plug
JP6075247B2 (ja) * 2013-08-29 2017-02-08 マツダ株式会社 グロープラグ制御装置及びグロープラグの温度推定方法
RU2660979C1 (ru) * 2017-04-17 2018-07-11 Олег Петрович Ильин Устройство для накала калильной свечи
DE102017115946A1 (de) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-17 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Verfahren zum Regeln der Temperatur einer Glühkerze
US11739693B2 (en) * 2020-11-18 2023-08-29 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Method and system for glow plug operation
CN114263535B (zh) * 2021-12-14 2023-11-14 西安现代控制技术研究所 一种有效提高微型涡喷发动机点火可靠性的方法

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WO2007033825A1 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Beru Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum ansteuern einer gruppe von glühkerzen in einem dieselmotor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1762724A1 (de) 2005-09-09 2007-03-14 Beru AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben der Glühkerzen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine
US8082090B2 (en) 2005-09-09 2011-12-20 Beru Ag Method and device for operation of the glow plugs of a Diesel engine
JP2011511205A (ja) * 2008-02-04 2011-04-07 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 内燃機関の少なくとも１つのグロープラグの監視方法及び装置
US8912470B2 (en) 2009-07-01 2014-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling a glow plug

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EP2024634B1 (de) 2014-10-01
KR101371397B1 (ko) 2014-03-10
DE102006025834A1 (de) 2007-12-06
KR20090015093A (ko) 2009-02-11
EP2024634A1 (de) 2009-02-18
US20090316328A1 (en) 2009-12-24
US8976505B2 (en) 2015-03-10
JP2009539010A (ja) 2009-11-12
DE102006025834B4 (de) 2010-05-12

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