WO2007131424A1 - Procédé de préparation de compositions de protéoglycane et de collagène à faible poids moléculaire, produits résultants et utilisations de ceux-ci - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de compositions de protéoglycane et de collagène à faible poids moléculaire, produits résultants et utilisations de ceux-ci Download PDF

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WO2007131424A1
WO2007131424A1 PCT/CN2007/001394 CN2007001394W WO2007131424A1 WO 2007131424 A1 WO2007131424 A1 WO 2007131424A1 CN 2007001394 W CN2007001394 W CN 2007001394W WO 2007131424 A1 WO2007131424 A1 WO 2007131424A1
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molecular weight
cartilage
aminopolysaccharide
low molecular
collagen
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PCT/CN2007/001394
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French (fr)
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Lijun Zhou
Liqing Zhou
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Lijun Zhou
Liqing Zhou
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/64Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
    • A61K8/65Collagen; Gelatin; Keratin; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/726Glycosaminoglycans, i.e. mucopolysaccharides
    • A61K31/728Hyaluronic acid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/737Sulfated polysaccharides, e.g. chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/64Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/08Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00Preparations for care of the skin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/78Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin or cold insoluble globulin [CIG]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex, a preparation method and use thereof.
  • Collagen is the major structural protein of connective tissue (including cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments, skin, etc.). Its main role is to support and connect cells.
  • the body contains 12 to 19 different collagens, with the highest levels of collagen type I, type 2 and type III.
  • Type I and Type III collagen are mainly found in skin, tendons and hard bones, while type 2 collagen proteins are exclusively present in cartilage tissue.
  • collagen contains not only very high glycine and proline, but also two other special amino acids.
  • Type II collagen is the main structural protein of cartilage, accounting for more than 90% of the total cartilage collagen, and contains more hydroxyl lysine than other collagens.
  • Collagen hydrolysates are widely used in cosmetic beauty and have been widely used in European countries to control disease. Clinical trials have shown that taking 10 grams of collagen hydrolysate per day has a significant slowing effect on joint pain caused by arthritis. Recently, Oes ser et al. (Ce ll Ti s sue Res 311: 393-399, 2003) have demonstrated that collagen hydrolysates can promote chondrocyte synthesis and secretion of type II collagen. Type II collagen is the major structural protein of bio-cartilage.
  • U.S. Patent US 5,399,347) and Trentham et al.
  • aminopolysaccharides can slow joint pain and promote connective tissue Repair.
  • Aminopolysaccharide is one of the main components of cartilage, including chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid.
  • Natural chondroitin sulfate is a macromolecular polymer of biological connective tissue with an average molecular weight of about
  • Chondroitin Sulfate A 40,000-50,000,000 Daltons are divided into three types: Chondroitin Sulfate A, B and C.
  • Chondroitin sulfate A has an anti-inflammatory effect, which can improve blood circulation, reduce cardiovascular disease, and maintain the structure of joints.
  • Chondroitin sulfate B also known as keratan sulfate, is distributed in the skin tissue and plays a major role in maintaining the viscoelastic properties of the skin.
  • Chondroitin sulfate C inhibits the action of elastase, which is the major protease for the degradation of articular cartilage.
  • chondroitin sulfate plays an extremely important role in maintaining biological connective tissue.
  • Chondroitin sulfate is currently mainly derived from shellfish, sand cartilage and other biopsies. Chondroitin sulfate injection has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Chondroitin sulfate has recently been found to have a significant effect on the prevention and treatment of arthritis. However, like other aminopolysaccharides, natural chondroitin sulfate has a large molecular weight and cannot be sufficiently absorbed by the human body, so the utilization rate is low and the curative effect is poor. Studies have shown that the biological activity of chondroitin sulfate is closely related to the molecular weight. U.S.
  • Patent (US 3,405,120) discloses that chondroitin sulfate with an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 6,000 Daltons has a strong pharmacological activity and is effective in preventing atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and wound healing. . CH0 et al. (Biol. Pharm. Bul l. 27 (1) 47-51, 2004) have shown that low molecular weight sulphate is more readily absorbed than natural large molecular weight chondroitin sulfate and has a better effect on arthritis.
  • Hyaluronic acid is another aminopolysaccharide that is not only found in cartilage tissue, but is also widely distributed in other connective tissues such as the vitreous of the eye, the synovial fluid of the joint, and the skin tissue.
  • Hyaluronic acid acts primarily as a lubricant, protecting joints from impact and helping the body maintain skin moisture.
  • the content of hyaluronic acid in the body gradually decreases, health The problem will also occur. For example, people over the age of 50 will lose their viscoelasticity and wrinkles.
  • Hyaluronic acid is also a major component of synovial fluid and plays an extremely important role in the lubrication of joints.
  • the content of hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients is greatly reduced. Supplementing the amount of hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid will slow the clinical symptoms of arthritis.
  • Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid has been widely used in recent years to alleviate the pain caused by arthritis.
  • Hyaluronic acid is generally derived from animal tissues, such as cockscombs, or from biological fermentation. Natural hyaluronic acid has an extremely large molecular weight of up to 10 7 Daltons and cannot pass through the epidermis or be absorbed into the blood by the body, thus limiting its range of applications. Natural macromolecular hyaluronic acid is generally used in the fields of eye surgery, cosmetics and intra-articular injection.
  • the general collagen hydrolysate is almost exclusively derived from animal skin, mainly hydrolysates of type I and type III collagen, and does not contain any aminopolysaccharide components. Therefore, these hydrolysates of type I and type III collagen are less effective.
  • aminoglycan products currently marketed such as chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid, are almost all natural macromolecular extracts, which are extremely large in molecular weight and cannot be effectively absorbed and utilized. And these products have a single component, a limited range of functions, and poor efficacy.
  • cartilage collagen products there are some cartilage collagen products. Although these products contain various biologically active ingredients such as collagen and aminopolysaccharide, most of them are products without any deep processing, and the bioactive substances contained in them are mostly in the form of macromolecular natural binding state. , Suck The utilization rate is extremely low. For example, other aminopolysaccharides such as chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid are mostly present in the framework of a macromolecular collagen complex, and thus are not easily absorbed and utilized. Some hydrolyzed cartilage collagen products, such as proteases or alkaline hydrolyzed cartilage collagen products, have also appeared in recent years.
  • the Chinese patent discloses a process for extracting composite collagen from animal cartilage, which comprises the following steps: selective cleaning ⁇ alkaline aqueous hydrolysis-cooling plus acid ⁇ filtration ⁇ concentration ⁇ alcohol precipitation ⁇ dehydration ⁇ Dry packaging.
  • 6,78,084,0 discloses a hydrolyzed type II collagen containing hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate, and a preparation method thereof, which is prepared by: cutting chicken breast cartilage ⁇ aqueous solution soaking ⁇ protease hydrolysis ⁇ disinfection ⁇ filtration ⁇ Concentrate ⁇ dry packaging.
  • These preparation processes can indeed hydrolyze the protein component of the glycoprotein in the macromolecular cartilage collagen or cartilage tissue into a small molecule polypeptide or a free amino acid, thereby greatly improving the absorption and utilization rate of the cartilage protein.
  • these production processes cannot change the molecular structure and size of the aminopolysaccharide contained in the product.
  • the aminopolysaccharides contained in these products mainly include chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, etc., or exist in the form of their natural macromolecules.
  • the carbocolloid collagen product prepared by these processes contains an aminopolysaccharide biomacromolecule having a large molecular weight.
  • Luo et al. Poul t Sci 81:. 1086-9 , 2002
  • chondroitin sulfate chicken cartilage extract average molecular weight of 48, 500 daltons.
  • Such a large chondroitin sulfate molecule cannot be effectively absorbed and utilized by the body, and thus the curative effect is poor.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing and producing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex, and the application of the composite in the fields of health care, food processing, cosmetic beauty, etc., and solving the problem of aminopolysaccharide in the current product. Low molecular absorption and utilization, poor efficacy.
  • reaction catalyst is one or a combination of two or more of metal ions, hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid
  • the low molecular weight amino polysaccharide collagen complex of the invention is prepared by processing natural animal cartilage as a main raw material.
  • Natural animal cartilage is composed of chicken, duck, cow, pig, sheep, sand fish or other animal cartilage, preferably chicken breast cartilage is used as raw material.
  • Choose high quality animal cartilage as raw material wash with water and remove surface impurities. 1 to 10 times the weight of the raw material, preferably 3 to 5 times, water is added to the washed animal cartilage and the homogenate is pulverized.
  • the pH of the slurry is adjusted to between 5 and 8 with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
  • proteolytic enzymes such as trypsin, papain, pineapple enzyme, fig enzyme, bacterial protease, etc.
  • the action temperature and solution pH and the amount of protease used depend on the particular protease used, as determined by known techniques.
  • the anticatalyst is added to the cartilage hydrolysate to maintain the temperature at 20-7 (TC, stirring for 1-24 hours, preferably at 30-6 (TC catalytic reaction 4- After 10 hours, the macromolecular aminopolysaccharide in the cartilage hydrolysate was cleaved into a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide.
  • the reaction catalyst is a metal ion, hydrogen peroxide and/or ascorbic acid; or one of them, or a combination of two or more of them.
  • the amount of each catalyst used is:
  • the metal ions include Fe2+, Cu+, etc., and the concentration is generally from 0.001 to 1, 000 micromoles/liter, preferably from 1 to 100 micromoles/liter.
  • the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is generally from 0.001 to 10,000 mM / liter, preferably from 0 to 1-10 mmol / liter.
  • the concentration of ascorbic acid is generally from 0.001 to 1, 000 mmol/L, preferably from 0.1 to 10 mol/L.
  • reaction solution was heated to 95-105 ° C for 30 minutes, and then the sterilized solution was cooled to room temperature.
  • the resulting reaction hydrolyzate is subjected to filtration and/or ultrafiltration to be retained. For example, it is first filtered through a 200 mesh sieve to remove various impurities such as bone particles.
  • the molecular weight cut-off can then be carried out using an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut-off size of 30,000 Daltons to obtain a collagen complex having a molecular weight of less than 30,000 Daltons.
  • the cartilage hydrolyzate after filtration and/or ultrafiltration is concentrated and then dried by a tumble dryer or a spray drying method, followed by packaging to obtain a natural cartilage collagen complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide.
  • the finally obtained natural cartilage collagen complex powder containing low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide is water-soluble; contains water within 10%; contains animal cartilage collagen hydrolysate (protein mass content) 55% to 70%, preferably 60 From 6 to 65%, the average molecular weight is between 50 and 10,000 Daltons, preferably between 2,000 and 6,000 Daltons; and the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide is from 20% to 35%, preferably 25%. Up to 30%, the average molecular weight is between 50 and 30,000 Daltons, preferably between 5,000 and 20,000 Daltons.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention can be applied to health care, food processing, makeup and the like. Especially in the treatment of joint diseases, such as knee arthritis and neck push disease.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention can be administered to patients with joint diseases in the form of powder, tablet, capsule, cream, etc., and can treat joint diseases, including articular cartilage damage, degenerative arthritis, rheumatoid Arthritis, and other connective tissue dysfunction.
  • the specific administration method is as follows: Oral administration of the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen protein complex of the present invention is 1 to 10 g per day (preferably 4 to 5 g per day), and 5 to 10 days (preferably 7 days) is a course of treatment.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention can also be used as a nutritional additive for foods and beverages to produce a health care product which has health care and anti-aging effects on the human body.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention can also be further processed into a cosmetic or cosmetic product as a main or added component.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex can be obtained, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of the human body, and thus has a better effect on the nutritional protection of joints and the prevention and treatment of joint diseases.
  • Figure 1 shows the degradation of aminopolysaccharide by ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide and metal ion Fe 2 + .
  • Example 1 Preparation of low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex using chicken breast cartilage as raw material
  • FeS0 4 (concentration: 50 ⁇ mol/L) and hydrogen peroxide (concentration: 1500 ⁇ mol/L) were added to the above enzymatic hydrolysis reaction solution, and reacted at 37 ° C for 24 hours. It is then filtered through a 200 mesh screen to remove various impurities such as bone particles (an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off size of 30,000 Daltons can also be used for ultrafiltration retention) to obtain a natural cartilage protein containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide. Complex.
  • the average molecular weight of the protein in this natural cartilage protein complex is about 6,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is about 10,500 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet. Flaky The material was pulverized with a pulverizer, and then placed in an oven at 60 - 70 ° C, and dried under a ventilating condition to keep the moisture within 10%, and then sealed.
  • About 110 grams of natural cartilage collagen complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide can be prepared per 10,000 grams of material. The aminopolysaccharide content is about 30%, and the protein shield content is about 65%.
  • Example 2 Degradation of aminopolysaccharides by metal ions Fe 2+ , hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid
  • Example 1 Several fractions of the cartilage collagenase hydrolyzate in Example 1 were added, and different concentrations of metal ions Fe 2+ , hydrogen peroxide or/and ascorbic acid were added, respectively.
  • the reaction solution was reacted at 37 ° C for 24 hours or at 50 ° C for 8 hours. Then, 0.3 ml each was sampled and precipitated with a mixture of 5 volumes of methanol/acetone (2:1).
  • the aminopolysaccharide precipitate was separated by centrifugation at 12,000 g.
  • the precipitate obtained by centrifugation was dried, and then dissolved in 0.1 ml of water to obtain an aqueous solution of aminopolysaccharide.
  • the electrophoresis-separated aminopolysaccharide was fixed with 2% Alcian blue aqueous solution, and then the aminopolysaccharide was stained by silver staining, and the degradation of the aminopolysaccharide in the sample was observed.
  • the degradation of aminopolysaccharides by metal ions Fe 2+ , hydrogen peroxide and/or ascorbic acid is shown in Figure 1.
  • the cause of decomposition but adding ascorbic acid or FeS0 4 to the cartilage protease hydrolysate,
  • the macromolecular aminopolysaccharide in the cartilage protein hydrolysate has obvious catalytic degradation at 8 ⁇ 50 ,, and its catalytic degradation increases with the increase of the catalyst concentration.
  • the protein content of the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex is determined according to the internationally prescribed method for protein determination - Kjeldahl method.
  • the sample was accurately weighed from the batch-produced low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex by 0.2 to 2.0 g, and the protein content of the sample was determined by Kjeldahl method. According to this method, the protein content of each batch of cartilage protein complex was about 63%.
  • Preparation of standard solution Weigh 10 mg of commercial chondroitin sulfate and dissolve it into distilled water. And to a volume of 10 ml, a standard stock solution of 1 mg / ml is obtained. Dilute the standard mother liquor to prepare different concentrations of standard solution.
  • Preparation of low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex sample to be tested Accurately weigh 15 mg of sample from batch-produced low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex, dissolve it into distilled water, and dilute to 10 ml. The concentration of the sample solution to be tested is 1.50 g/ml.
  • Preparation of the standard curve and determination of the sample to be tested Take 0.1 ml of different concentrations of the standard solution and the sample to be tested in a test tube. Add 1. 2 ml of Alcian blue solution to each tube, mix well, and react at room temperature for 10 minutes. The light absorption intensity of the reaction solution at 480 nm was then measured. A standard curve is drawn based on the light absorption intensity of the standard solution of different concentrations.
  • the aminopolysaccharide concentration of the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex sample to be tested can be determined from the standard curve according to its light absorption intensity at 480 nm. The calculated content of aminopolysaccharides in each batch of low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex was about 27%.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the invention has wide application in health care, food processing, cosmetic beauty, etc., especially for treating joint diseases, including articular cartilage damage, degenerative osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis , and other connective tissue dysfunction.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention is made into edible capsules by using edible gelatin capsules, each capsule containing the low molecular weight amino polysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention having a net weight of 200-1, 000 g, Best 500 gram.
  • Use this 500 mg capsule to treat joint disease daily effective dose of 2-20 capsules, preferably 8-10 capsules per day, 5 to 10 days is a course of treatment, preferably 7 days for a course of treatment, which has obvious therapeutic effects on joint diseases.
  • the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention may also be mixed with water and/or fruit juice, for example, 2-3 g of the low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex of the present invention is dissolved in 250 ml of water or juice, and is consumed daily. Two to three times, it can prevent and treat joint diseases and other connective tissue dysfunction.
  • Example 6 Preparation of low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex using pig or bovine cartilage as raw material
  • the average molecular weight of the protein shield in this natural cartilage protein complex is about 3,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is 15,000 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet.
  • the sheet material was pulverized by a pulverizer, and then placed in an oven at 60 - 70 ° C, and dried under a ventilating condition to keep the moisture within 10%, and then the package was sealed.
  • About 120 grams of natural cartilage collagen complex containing low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide can be prepared per 1,000 grams of raw material. The aminopolysaccharide content is 27% and the protein content is 65%.
  • Example 7 Preparation of a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex using sand fish cartilage as a raw material
  • FeS0 4 (concentration: 500 ⁇ mol/L) was added to the above enzymatic hydrolysis reaction solution, and reacted at 50 ° C for 8 hours. Then, it is filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove various impurities such as bone particles (an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off size of 30,000 Daltons can also be used for ultrafiltration retention), thereby obtaining a natural cartilage protein containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide. Complex.
  • the average molecular weight of the protein in this natural cartilage protein complex is 8,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is 22,000 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet.
  • the sheet material was pulverized by a pulverizer, and then placed in an oven at 60 - 70 ° C, and dried under a ventilating condition to keep the moisture within 10%, and then sealed.
  • About 100 g of a natural cartilage collagen complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide can be prepared per 3,000 g of the raw material, wherein the aminopolysaccharide content is 27% and the protein content is 62%.
  • Example 8 Preparation of a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex using chicken breast cartilage as a raw material
  • FeS0 4 (concentration: 10 ⁇ mol/L) and hydrogen peroxide (concentration: 10 mmol/L) were added to the above enzymatic hydrolysis reaction solution, and reacted at 37 ° C for 24 hours. It is then filtered through a 200 mesh screen to remove various impurities such as bone particles (an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off size of 30,000 Daltons can also be used for ultrafiltration retention) to obtain a natural cartilage protein containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide. Complex.
  • the average molecular weight of the protein in this natural cartilage protein complex is 6,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is 18,000 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet.
  • the sheet material is pulverized by a pulverizer, and then placed in a 60 - 7 (TC oven, drying is continued under a ventilating condition, the moisture is controlled within 10%, and then the package is sealed.
  • About 1,000 gram of raw material can be prepared.
  • Example 9 Preparation of a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide collagen complex using chicken breast cartilage as a raw material
  • FeS0 4 (concentration: mol/liter) and ascorbic acid (concentration: 10 mmol/liter) were added to the above enzymatic hydrolysis reaction solution, and reacted at 50 ° C for 10 hours. It is then filtered through a 200 mesh screen to remove various impurities such as bone particles (an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off size of 30,000 Daltons can also be used for ultrafiltration retention) to obtain a natural cartilage protein containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide. Complex.
  • the average molecular weight of the protein in this natural cartilage protein complex is 5,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is 20,000 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet.
  • the sheet material was pulverized by a pulverizer, and then placed in a 60 70 Torr oven, and dried under a ventilating condition to keep the moisture within 10%, and then sealed.
  • About 110 g of a natural cartilage collagen complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide can be prepared per 1,000 g of the raw material.
  • the aminopolysaccharide content is 30% and the protein content is 65 %.
  • Ascorbic acid (concentration: 50 mmol/liter) was added to the above enzymatic hydrolysis reaction solution, and reacted at 50 ° C for 10 hours. Then through a 200 mesh sieve to remove a variety of impurities such as bone particles (can also use the ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff specification of 30,000 Dalton for ultrafiltration retention), from A natural cartilage protein complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide is obtained.
  • the average molecular weight of the protein in this natural cartilage protein complex is 6,000 Daltons, and the average molecular weight of the aminopolysaccharide is 16,000 Daltons.
  • the filtrate was pumped into a concentration tank, and the water was evaporated by heating to concentrate it into a thin paste.
  • the above paste material is placed in a drum dryer storage tank and dried to form a sheet.
  • the sheet material was pulverized by a pulverizer, and then placed in an oven at 60 - 70 ° C, and dried under a ventilating condition to keep the moisture within 10%, and then sealed.
  • About 110 g of a natural cartilage collagen complex containing a low molecular weight aminopolysaccharide can be prepared per 1,000 g of the raw material.
  • the aminopolysaccharide content is 30% and the protein content is 65 %.

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Description

低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物的制备方法及产品和用途 技术领域
本发明涉及低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物及制备方法和用 途。
背景技术
胶原蛋白是机体结締组织(包括软骨、 骨骼、 肌腱、 韧带和皮肤 等) 的主要结构蛋白。 其主要作用是支持和联接细胞。 机体含有 12 至 19种不同的胶原蛋白, 其中一型、 二型和三型胶原蛋白的含量最 高。 一型和三型胶原蛋白主要存在于皮肤、 肌腱和硬骨骼, 而二型胶 原蛋白则专一性地存在于软骨组织。 与一般蛋白质不同, 胶原蛋白不 仅含有非常高的甘氨酸和脯氨酸, 而且还含有其它两种特殊的氨基酸
-羟基脯氨酸和羟基赖氨酸。 二型胶原蛋白是软骨的主要结构蛋白, 占软骨胶原蛋白总量的 90%以上, 较其它胶原蛋白含有更多的羟基赖 氨酸。
胶原蛋白水解物广泛用于化妆美容, 在欧洲国家已广泛的用于关 节疾病的防治。 临床试验证明每天服用 10克胶原蛋白水解物对关节 炎引起的关节疼痛具有明显的减緩作用。 最近 Oes ser 等人(Ce l l Ti s sue Res 311: 393-399 , 2003 )科学研究证明胶原蛋白水解物能促 进软骨细胞合成和分泌二型胶原蛋白。 二型胶原蛋白是生物软骨的主 要结构蛋白。 美国专利 ( US5399347 )和 Trentham 等人 (Science 261: 1727-1729, 1993)也披露水溶性鸡二型胶原蛋白及由此制得的生 物活性肽对类风湿性关节炎有明显的疗效。其作用一般认为是通过对 自身抗原的口服忍耐性。
临床试验证明氨基多糖能減緩关节疼痛和促进机体结締组织的 修复。 氨基多糖是软骨的主要组成成份之一, 包括硫酸软骨素和透明 质酸等。
天然硫酸软骨素是生物结締组织的大分子聚合物, 平均分子量约
40, 000- 50, 000道尔顿, 分为三种类型: 硫酸软骨素 A 、 B和 C。 研 究表明硫酸软骨素 A 具有抗炎作用, 能够改善血液循环, 减少心血 管疾病, 以及维持关节的结构的作用。 硫酸软骨素 B, 又称硫酸角质 素, 分布于皮肤组织, 对维持皮肤的粘弹性起主要的作用。 硫酸软骨 素 C能够抑制弹性蛋白酶的作用,而弹性蛋白酶则是关节软骨降解的 主要蛋白酶。 总之, 硫酸软骨素对维持生物结締组织有着极其重要的 作用。
目前硫酸软骨素主要来源于贝类、 沙鱼软骨和其它生物软骨。 硫 酸软骨素注射液在心血管疾病的治疗方面早已得到广泛的使用。 近来 发现硫酸软骨素对关节炎的防治有明显的疗效。 然而与其它氨基多糖 一样, 天然的硫酸软骨素分子量大, 不能被人体充分的吸收, 因此利 用率低、 疗效差。 研究证明硫酸软骨素的生物活性与其分子量的大小 有着密切的关系。 美国专利 ( US3405120 ) 披露: 平均分子量为 2, 000-6, 000道尔顿的硫酸软骨素药理活性较强, 对防止动脉粥样硬 化、 风湿性关节炎和伤口愈合等方面具有更好的疗效。 CH0 等人 ( Biol. Pharm. Bul l. 27 (1) 47-51, 2004 )研究证明低分子量硫酸软 骨素较天然大分子量硫酸软骨素更易吸收, 对关节炎作用更好。
透明质酸是另一种氨基多糖, 它不仅存在于软骨组织, 而且还广 泛分布于其它结締组织,例如眼睛玻璃体、关节滑腔液以及皮肤组织。 透明质酸主要起润滑剂的作用, 保护关节免受冲击和有助于机体保持 皮肤水分等。 随年龄的增长, 机体中透明质酸的含量逐渐减少, 健康 问题也就会随之发生, 例如 50 岁以上的人, 一般皮肤就会丧失粘弹 性, 产生皱紋。 透明质酸也是关节滑液的主要成份, 对关节起着极其 重要的润滑作用。 关节炎患者关节滑液中透明质酸的含量大大降低。 补充关节滑液中透明质酸的量就会减緩关节炎的临床症状。 近年来关 节腔内注射透明质酸已广泛地用于減緩关节炎引起的疼痛。
透明质酸一般来源于动物组织,如鸡冠,或者来源于 生物发酵。 天然透明质酸的分子量特大, 可达 107道尔顿, 不能穿过表皮或被机 体吸收进入血液, 因此限制了其应用范围。 天然的大分子透明质酸一 般用于眼睛手术、 化妆品和关节腔内注射等领域。
近年来, 低分子量透明质酸的生理活性及其应用也得到越来越 大的重视。 例如, 美国专利 (US5646129 )披露使用小分子透明质酸 可诱导骨质再生。 Noble 等人(J. Cl in. Inv. , vol. 91, page 2163, 1993) 研究发现小分子透明质酸可抑制肿瘤坏死因子的作用, 因此具 有减轻炎症的作用。 毫无疑问, 服用小分子透明质酸 增加其吸收利 用率, 提高其疗效。
一般的胶原蛋白水解物几乎都是来源于动物皮肤, 主要是一型和 三型胶原蛋白的水解物, 并且不含有任何氨基多糖成份。 因此, 这些 一型和三型胶原蛋白的水解物作用疗效较差。 另外, 目前市场上销售 的氨基多糖产品, 如硫酸软骨素和透明质酸, 几乎都是天然大分子提 取物,分子量特大而不能有效地吸收和利用。并且这些产品成份单一, 功能范围有限, 疗效差。
目前也有一些软骨胶原蛋白产品, 尽管这些产品含有胶原蛋白、 氨基多糖等多种生物活性成份, 但是它们大多是没有经过任何深加工 的产品, 所含的生物活性物质多以大分子天然束縛状态形式存在, 吸 收利用率极低。 例如, 硫酸软骨素、 透明质酸等其它氨基多糖多数存 在于大分子胶原蛋白结合体构架内, 因此不易被消化吸收利用。 近年 来也出现了一些水解软骨胶原产品,例如蛋白酶或者是碱水解的软骨 胶原产品。 通过蛋白酶或碱的作用, 使软骨胶原蛋白分子结构发生了 变化, 既由大的软骨胶原蛋白分子变成了小分子的多肽, 从而大大的 提高了软骨胶原蛋白的吸收利用率。 例如, 中国专利 (CN1385489 ) 公布了一种从动物软骨中提取复合骨胶原的加工工艺, 该工艺包括如 下步骤: 选料清洗→碱性水溶液水解—冷却加酸→过滤→浓缩→酒精 沉淀→脱水→烘干包装。 再例如, 美国专利 (US6780841 )公布了一 种含有透明质酸和硫酸软骨素的水解二型胶原蛋白及其制备方法 , 其 制备工艺是: 切割鸡胸软骨→水溶液浸泡→蛋白酶水解→消毒→过滤 →浓缩→烘干包装。 这些制备工艺的确能使大分子的软骨胶原蛋白或 者软骨组织中的糖蛋白的蛋白成份水解变成了小分子的多肽或游离 的氨基酸, 从而大大地提高了软骨蛋白的吸收利用率。 然而这些生产 工艺都不能改变其产品中所含的氨基多糖的分子结构和大小。 也就是 说,这些产品中所含的氨基多糖,主要包括硫酸软骨素及透明质酸等, 还是以其天然的大分子形式存在。 通过这些工艺制备的软骨胶原产品 所含的氨基多糖生物大分子分子量极大。 例如, Luo等人 (Poul t Sci. 81: 1086-9 , 2002) 发现利用鸡胸软骨提取的硫酸软骨素平均分子量 是 48,500道尔顿。 如此之大的硫酸软骨素分子是不能被机体有效地 吸收和利用, 因此疗效也就较差。
近年来大量的科学研究证明了小分子的硫酸软骨素、 透明质酸等 氨基多糖更易被人体吸收和利用, 并且研究还证明小分子的硫酸软骨 素较大分子的硫酸软骨素对关节炎的治疗效果更佳。 因此, 制备含低 分子量的透明质酸和硫酸软骨素等其它氨基多糖的胶原蛋白复合物 无疑将会大大提高人体对其所含氨基多糖成份的吸收利用率, 从而对 关节的营养保护和关节疾病的防治将会产生更好的效果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种低分子量氨基多糖胶原 蛋白复合物的生产制备方法, 以及该复合物在医疗保健、 食品加工、 化妆美容等领域的应用, 解决目前产品中氨基多糖生物大分子吸收和 利用率低, 疗效差的问题。
本发明低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物的制备方法, 其特征在 于包括如下步骤:
( 1 )选用天然动物软骨为原料, 用水进行清洗;
( 2 )加水粉碎成匀浆;
( 3 )调节匀浆的 PH值在 5 ~ 8 , 控制反应温度在 20 - 70°C加蛋 白酶水解软骨蛋白;
( 4 )加反应催化剂催化裂解软骨氨基多糖, 反应催化剂为金属 离子、 过氧化氢、 抗坏血酸中的一种或两种或两种以上的组合;
( 5 )灭菌消毒;
( 6 )过滤和 /或采用分子量截留规格 30000道尔顿的超滤膜进行 超滤截留;
( 7 ) 浓缩干燥及包装。
以下对该制备方法进行详细说明:
本发明低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物是以天然动物软骨为 主要原料加工制备而成。 天然动物软骨是包括来源于鸡、 鸭、 牛、猪、 羊、 沙鱼或其它动物的软骨, 最好是选用鸡胸软骨为原料。 选优质动物软骨为原料, 用水清洗并去除表面杂质。按原料 1 - 10 倍的重量, 最好 3- 5倍, 向清洗后的动物软骨中加水并粉碎匀浆。 用 盐酸或氢氧化钠将其勾浆液 pH值调节在 5 - 8之间。 将勾浆物料置入 恒温反应罐内, 添加一种或一种以上的蛋白水解酶(例如胰蛋白酶、 木瓜酶、 菠萝酶、 无花果酶、 细菌蛋白酶等), 控制反应温度在 20-70 °C ,搅拌作用 1-24小时, 最好温度在 30- 60 °C作用 6-10小时,将软骨 蛋白水解。 作用温度和溶液 pH值以及蛋白酶的使用量取决于具体使 用的蛋白酶类, 按照公知技术方式确定。
在蛋白酶水解过程的同时或水解过程终止后, 向软骨水解液中加 入反 催化剂, 保持温度在 20-7 (TC , 搅拌作用 1-24小时, 最好温度 在 30-6 (TC催化反应 4-10小时,使其软骨水解液中大分子的氨基多糖 裂解成低分子量的氨基多糖。
反应催化剂是金属离子、 过氧化氢和 /或抗坏血酸; 或者是其中 的一种, 也可是其中的两种或两种以上的组合。 每种催化剂使用时的 用量为:
金属离子包括 Fe2+ 、 Cu+ 等, 浓度一般为 0. 001- 1, 000微摩尔 / 升, 最好使用浓度 1-100微摩尔 /升。
过氧化氢浓度一般为 0. 001-1, 000 毫摩尔 /升, 最好使用浓度 0. 1-10毫摩尔 /升。
抗坏血酸浓度一般为 0. 001- 1, 000 毫摩尔 /升, 最好使用浓度 0. 1 - 10亳摩尔 /升。
反应结束后, 将其反应液升温到 95- 105 °C灭菌消毒 30分钟, 然 后将灭菌消毒的溶液冷却至室温。 将其所得反应水解液进行过滤和 / 或超滤截留。 例如先通过 200目筛过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质, 然 后可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000道尔顿的超滤膜进行分子量截留, 从而得到分子量低于 30, 000道尔顿的胶原蛋白复合物。
将过滤和 /或超滤截留后的软骨水解液进行浓缩再通过滚筒干燥 机或喷雾干燥方法进行干燥, 然后包装即得到含低分子量氨基多糖的 天然软骨胶原蛋白复合物。
最终得到的含低分子量氨基多糖的天然软骨胶原蛋白复合物粉 末是水溶性的; 含水分在 10%以内; 含动物软骨胶原蛋白水解物(蛋 白质质量含量) 55% 至 70%, 最好是 60% 至 65% , 平均分子量是 50-15, 000 道尔顿, 最好在 2, 000- 6, 000道尔顿之间; 含有低分子量 的氨基多糖 20% 至 35%,最好是 25% 至 30%,平均分子量是 50-30, 000 道尔顿, 最好在 5, 000-20, 000道尔顿之间。
本发明低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物可以应用在医疗保健、 食品加工、 化妆美容等方面。 特别是在治疗关节疾病, 例如膝关节炎 和颈推病等方面效果更好。
本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物可以以粉末、 片剂、 胶嚢、 膏状物等形式给关节疾病患者服用, 可以治疗关节疾病, 包括 关节软骨损伤, 退化性关节炎, 类风湿性关节炎, 和其它结締组织功 能紊乱等。 具体服用方法是: 口服本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋 白复合物, 每天 1至 10克(最好每天 4至 5克), 5至 10天(最好 7 天) 为一个疗程。
本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物也可作为食品和饮 料的营养添加剂, 制作生产对人体有保健和抗衰老作用的保健品。 也 可将本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物作为主要或添加成 份, 进一步加工制作成化妆或美容保健品。 本发明的优点:
能够得到低分子量的氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物, 利于人体吸收和 利用, 从而对关节的营养保护和关节疾病的防治将会产生更好的效 果。
附图说明
图 1为抗坏血酸、 过氧化氢和金属离子 Fe2 +对氨基多糖的降解作 用。
具体实施方式
实施例 1: 以鸡胸软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复 合物
选用健康鸡胸软骨 1, 000克, 除去表面杂质, 加水搅拌清洗数分 钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的鸡胸软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 3升, 用胶体磨将其磨细,成粘稠状悬浊液。将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加入胰蛋白酶(按原料重量的 1 - 5% 添加), 保持恒温( 37 ± 1。C ) 6 - 8小时, 每半小时搅拌一次。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应液速升温 至沸点 (100°C ) 1G分钟, 后冷却至 37°C。
在上述酶水解反应液中加入 FeS04 (浓度为 50微摩尔 /升)和过氧 化氢(浓度为 1500微摩尔 /升), 37 °C反应 24小时。 然后通过 200 目 筛过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质(也可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000 道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天 然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白复合物中蛋白质的平均分子量约 6 , 000道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量约 10, 500道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 - 70°C烘箱内, 抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1, 000 克原料 可制备约 110克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物。 其中氨基多糖含量约 30 % , 蛋白盾含量约 65 %。
实施例 2: 金属离子 Fe2+、 过氧化氢和抗坏血酸对氨基多糖的降 解作用
取实施例 1中的软骨胶原蛋白酶水解液数份, 分别加入不同浓度 的金属离子 Fe2+、 过氧化氢或 /和抗坏血酸。 将反应液置 37 °C反应 24 小时或 50°C反应 8小时。 然后分别取样各 0. 3毫升, 用 5倍体积的甲 醇 /丙酮( 2: 1 )混合物沉淀。 在 12, 000g离心将其氨基多糖沉淀物分 离。 将离心所得的沉淀物干燥, 然后溶解于 0. 1毫升水, 即得到氨基 多糖水溶液。 取 7. 5微升氨基多糖水溶液与 7. 5微升样品液( 0. 2摩 尔蔗糖 - 0. G89摩尔 Tri s . G89摩尔硼酸- 0. 002摩尔 EDTA- 0. 02%溴酚 蓝)混合, 然后通过 25%聚丙希酰胺凝胶电泳(电泳緩冲液: 0. 089 摩尔 Tr i s-0. 089摩尔硼酸- 0. 002摩尔 EDTA )将其混合物分离分析。 电泳完毕后, 使用 2%阿利新(Alc ian ) 蓝水溶液将其电泳分离的氨 基多糖固定, 然后用银染色方法将氨基多糖染色, 并观测其样品中氨 基多糖的降解情况。金属离子 Fe2+、过氧化氢和 /或抗坏血酸对氨基多 糖的降解作用如图 1所示。
A.不同浓度的抗坏血酸, 过氧化氢和金属离子 Fe2+在 50°C下 8 小时对氨基多糖的催化降解作用。 从图可看出在软骨蛋白酶水解液中 加入不同浓度的过氧化氢,在 50Ό下 8小时对软骨蛋白水解液中的大 分子量的氨基多糖催化降解作用不明显(可能是由于高温使过氧化氢 分解的原因), 但是在软骨蛋白酶水解液中加入抗坏血酸或 FeS04, 在 50Ό下 8小时对软骨蛋白水解液中的大分子量的氨基多糖有明显的催 化降解作用 , 并且其催化降解作用随催化剂浓度的增加而增强。
B.表示金属离子 Fe2+和过氧化氢或抗坏血酸在 37 °C下 24小时对 氨基多糖的催化降解作用。 从图可看出在软骨蛋白酶水解液中加入 1500μΜ过氧化氢, 1500μΜ过氧化氢和 50μΜ FeS04, 500μΜ抗坏血酸, 或 500μΜ抗坏血酸和 50|LiM FeS04, 在 37 °C下 24小时对软骨蛋白水解 液中的大分子量的氨基多糖有明显的催化降解作用。 尤其是 1500μΜ 过氧化氢和 50μΜ FeS04组合对软骨蛋白水解液中的大分子量的氨基多 糖催化降解作用最佳。
实施例 3: 低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中蛋白质含量的测 定
低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中蛋白质含量的测定是根据 蛋白质测定的国际规定方法 ― 凯氏定氮法。 从分批生产的低分子量 氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中精密称取样品 0. 2 - 2. 0克, 使用凯氏定 氮法测定其样品中蛋白质的含量。 经此方法测定计算, 各批软骨蛋白 复合物的蛋白质的含量均在 63%左右。
实施例 4: 低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中氨基多糖含量的 测定
低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中氨基多糖含量的测定是根 据 Gold 博士在美国分析生物化学杂志上发表的方法 [ (Gold, E. W. Analyt ical Biochemis try 99, 183-188 (1979) ] 0 此方法操作简便 快速且重现性好, 是 国 际上广 泛应 用 的 氨基多 糖 (Glycosaminoglycan, GAG) 测定方法之一。
标准液的配制: 称取 10 毫克商品硫酸软骨素, 将其溶入蒸餾水, 并定容至 10毫升, 即得到浓度为 1毫克 /毫升的标准品母液。 将标准 品母液稀释配制不同浓度的标准液。
阿利新 ( Alcian )蓝溶液 ( 1. 4毫克 /亳升)的配制: 称取 70毫克 Alcian蓝 8XG, 将其溶入 50 毫升 0. 05 摩尔醋酸钠溶液。
低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物待测样品的配制: 从分批生 产的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中精密称取样品 15 毫克, 将 其溶入蒸馏水, 并定容至 10 毫升, 即得待测样品溶液浓度为 1. 50 亳克 /毫升。
标准曲线的制备和待测样品的测定: 各取 0. 1 毫升不同浓度的 标准液和待测样品于试管内。 向各试管中分别加入 1. 2 毫升 Alcian 蓝溶液, 混合均匀, 常温下反应 10 分钟。 然后测定该反应液在 480 纳米的光吸收强度。 根据不同浓度的标准液的光吸收强度绘制标准曲 线。 低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物待测样品的氨基多糖浓度可根 据其在 480 纳米的光吸收强度从标准曲线查出。 经计算所得,各批低 分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物中氨基多糖的含量均在 27%左右。
实施例 5: 低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物的应用
本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物在医疗保健、食品加 工、 化妆美容等方面有广泛的应用, 特别是对治疗关节疾病, 包括关 节软骨损伤, 退化性骨关节炎, 类风湿性关节炎, 和其它结締组织功 能紊乱等。
使用食用明胶胶嚢壳将本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复 合物制做成食用胶嚢, 每个胶嚢含本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋 白复合物净重 200-1, 000亳克,最好 500亳克。 用此 500毫克胶嚢治 疗关节疾病, 每天口服有效剂量 2-20粒, 最好每天 8-10粒, 5至 10天为一个疗程, 最好 7天为一个疗程, 对关节疾病有明显的治疗 效果。
本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物也可与水和 /或果汁 混合饮用,例如将 2-3克本发明的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物 溶入 250毫升水或果汁中饮用, 每天 2- 3次, 可防止和治疗关节疾病 和其它结締组织功能紊乱。
实施例 6: 以猪或牛软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白 复合物
选用猪或牛软骨 1, 000克,除去表面杂质,加水搅拌清洗数分钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的猪或牛软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 3升, 用 胶体磨将其磨细, 成粘稠状悬浊液。 将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加入木瓜酶(活性 80万 u/g , 按原料量的 5 ~ 8%。加入 ), 保持恒温 50 °C , 酶解 2小时后加入 FeS04 (浓度为 50 μ ηι/ 1 )和抗坏血酸(浓度 为 0. 5毫摩尔 /升), 反应 10 - 12小时。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应 液速升温至沸点 (1 Q Q °C ) 10分钟, 后冷却至常温。 然后通过 200 目 筛过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质(也可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000 道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天 然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白复合物中蛋白盾的平均分子量在 约 3 , 000道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量 15, 000道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 - 70 °C烘箱内, 抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1,000 克原料 可制备约 120克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物, 其中氨基多糖含量 27 % , 蛋白质含量 65 %。
实施例 7: 以沙鱼软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复 合物
选用沙鱼软骨 1, 000克, 除去表面杂质, 加水搅拌清洗数分钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的沙鱼软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 8升, 用胶 体磨将其磨细, 成粘稠状悬浊液。 将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加 入菠萝酶(活性 80万 u/g, 按原料量的 2 ~ 4%。加入), 保持恒温 50 V , 6 ~ 8小时, 每半小时搅拌一次。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应液速 升温至沸点 (1 Q0°C ) 10分钟, 后冷却至 50°C。
在上述酶水解反应液中加入 FeS04 (浓度为 500微摩尔 /升), 50 °C反应 8小时。 然后通过 200目筛过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质(也 可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从 而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白 复合物中蛋白质的平均分子量为 8, 000道尔顿,氨基多糖的平均分子 量为 22, 000道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 - 70°C烘箱内, 抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1, 000 克原料 可制备约 100克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物, 其中氨基多糖含量 27 % , 蛋白质含量 62 %。
实施例 8: 以鸡胸软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复 合物
选用健康鸡胸软骨 1, 000克, 除去表面杂质, 加水搅拌清洗数分 钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的鸡胸软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 10升, 用胶体磨将其磨细,成粘稠状悬浊液。将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加入胰蛋白酶(按原料重量的 2 - 5% 添加 ), 保持恒温( 37土 1°C ) 6 ― 8小时, 每半小时搅拌一次。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应液速升温 至沸点 (1G(TC ) 10分钟, 后冷却至 37 °C。
在上述酶水解反应液中加入 FeS04 (浓度为 10微摩尔 /升)和过氧 化氢(浓度为 10毫摩尔 /升), 37°C反应 24小时。 然后通过 200 目篩 过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质(也可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000 道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天 然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白复合物中蛋白质的平均分子量为 6, 000道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量为 18, 000道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 - 7 (TC烘箱内, 抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1, 000克原料 可制备约 110克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物。 其中氨基多糖含量 30 % , 蛋白质含量 65 %。
实施例 9: 以鸡胸软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复 合物
选用健康鸡胸软骨 1, 000克, 除去表面杂质, 加水搅拌清洗数分 钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的鸡胸软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 5升, 用胶体磨将其磨细,成粘稠状悬浊液。将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加入菠萝酶 (活性 80万 u/g, 按原料量的 2 ~ 4%。加入;), 保持恒温 50 V , 6 ~ 8小时。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应液速升温至沸点(100°C ) 10分钟, 后冷却至 50°C。
在上述酶水解反应液中加入 FeS04 (浓度为 0. 摩尔 /升)和抗坏 血酸(浓度为 10毫摩尔 /升), 50°C反应 10小时。 然后通过 200 目筛 过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质 (也可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000 道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天 然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白复合物中蛋白质的平均分子量为 5, 000道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量为 20, 000道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 70Ό烘箱内,抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1, 000 克原料 可制备约 110克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物。 其中氨基多糖含量 30 % , 蛋白质含量 65 %。
实施例 10:以羊软骨为原料制备低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合 物
选用健康羊软骨 1, 000克,除去表面杂质,加水搅拌清洗数分钟, 放掉浊水。 将清洗过的羊软骨切成谷粒大小, 然后加水 5升, 用胶体 磨将其磨细, 成粘稠状悬浊液。 将其悬浊液置入恒温反应罐内, 加入 菠萝酶(活性 80万 u/g, 按原料量的 2 ~ 4%。加入), 保持恒温 50°C , 6 ~ 8小时。 反应结束后, 将酶水解反应液速升温至沸点 (100°C ) 10 分钟, 后冷却至 50Ό。
在上述酶水解反应液中加入抗坏血酸(浓度为 50毫摩尔 /升), 50 °C反应 10小时。 然后通过 200目筛过滤, 以去除骨粒等多种杂质(也 可再使用分子量截留规格 30, 000道尔顿的超滤膜进行超滤截留), 从 而得到含低分子量氨基多糖的天然软骨蛋白复合物。 此天然软骨蛋白 复合物中蛋白质的平均分子量为 6, 000道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子 量为 16, 000道尔顿。
将上述过滤液打入浓缩罐内,加热蒸发水分,使其浓缩成稀膏状。 将上述膏状物料置入滚筒干燥机储料箱内, 使其干燥成片状。 将片状 物料用粉碎机粉碎, 然后将其置入 60 - 70°C烘箱内, 抽风条件下继 续干燥, 使水分控制在 10% 以内, 然后密封包装。 每 1, 000 克原料 可制备约 110克含低分子量氨基多糖的天然的软骨胶原蛋白复合物。 其中氨基多糖含量 30 % , 蛋白质含量 65 %。

Claims

1、 一种低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物的制备方法, 其特征 在于包括如下步骤:
( 1 )选用天然动物软骨为原料, 用水进行清洗;
(2)加水粉碎成匀浆;
( 3)调节匀浆的 PH值在 5~8, 控制反应温度在 20~7(TC加蛋 白酶水解软骨蛋白;
(4)加反应催化剂催化裂解软骨氨基多糖, 反应催化剂为金属 离子、 过氧化氢、 抗坏血酸中的一种或两种或两种以上的组合;
(5) 灭菌消毒;
( 6 )过滤和 /或采用分子量截留规格 30, 000道尔顿的超滤膜进 行超滤截留;
(7) 浓缩干燥及包装。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征在于步骤( 1 )所述 天然动物软骨, 选用鸡、 牛、 猪、 鸭、 羊或沙鱼的软骨。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征在于步骤( 1 )所述 天然动物软骨, 选用鸡胸软骨。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征在于所述步驟(4) 反应催化剂催化裂解软骨氨基多糖可与步驟(3)蛋白酶水解软骨蛋 白同时进行, 也可在蛋白酶水解软骨蛋白水解终止后进行。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 4所述的制备方法, 其特征在于所述反应 催化剂的金属离子选用 Fe2+或 Cu+ ,浓度为 0.001-1, 000微摩尔 /升, 过氧化氢浓度为 0.001-1, 000 毫摩尔 /升, 抗坏血酸浓度为 0.001-1, 000毫摩尔 /升。
6、 根据权利要求 5 所述的制备方法, 其特征在于金属离子浓度 在 1-100微摩尔 /升, 过氧化氢浓度在 0. 1-10毫摩尔 /升, 抗坏血酸 浓度在 0. 1-10毫摩尔 /升。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征在于步骤(3 )所述 蛋白酶采用胰蛋白酶、 木瓜酶、 菠萝酶、 无花果酶、 细菌蛋白酶中的 一种或一种以上的组合。
8、 一种权利要求 1 所述低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物的制 备方法得到的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物, 复合物中, 以蛋白 质质量含量计, 含动物软骨胶原蛋白水解物 55% - 70%, 含有低分子 量的氨基多糖 20% - 35%, 胶原蛋白水解物蛋白质的平均分子量是 50-15, 000 道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量是 50- 30, 000 道尔顿。
9、 根据权利要求 8 所述的低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物, 其特征在于所述胶原蛋白水解物蛋白质的平均分子量是 2, 000-6, 000 道尔顿, 氨基多糖的平均分子量是 5, 000-20, 000道尔顿。
10、 权利要求 8所述低分子量氨基多糖胶原蛋白复合物在关节炎 和颈推病、 食品加工和化妆美容方面的应用。
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