WO2007112776A1 - Vorrichtung zur thermischen dehalogenierung von halogenhaltigen stoffen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur thermischen dehalogenierung von halogenhaltigen stoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007112776A1 WO2007112776A1 PCT/EP2006/011797 EP2006011797W WO2007112776A1 WO 2007112776 A1 WO2007112776 A1 WO 2007112776A1 EP 2006011797 W EP2006011797 W EP 2006011797W WO 2007112776 A1 WO2007112776 A1 WO 2007112776A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyolefin
- substances
- inlet
- nozzles
- reaction volume
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B63/00—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/40—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by heating to effect chemical change, e.g. pyrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/20—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00119—Heat exchange inside a feeding nozzle or nozzle reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00132—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2219/00135—Electric resistance heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for dehalogenation, in particular Debromierung of halogen-containing or bromine-containing substances, in particular waste according to the first claim.
- the device is used in particular for the debromination of fluid substances, in particular carbonaceous substances such as oils and the liquefaction of polypropylene in the context of a thermal treatment in a reactor.
- the precursor used in solid starting materials is their liquefaction to the abovementioned fluid substances, e.g. by pyrolysis.
- Suitable starting materials are in principle all organic materials or components which contain organic materials which are contaminated with halogens, in particular bromine, or contain halogens or bromine.
- DE 102 34 837 A1 discloses a process concept for the treatment of halogen-containing, in particular bromine-containing wastes by means of pyrolysis, in which valuable substances and / or energy can be recovered without further formation of further halogenated pollutants.
- the wastes are mixed in a first step in an inert gas with a molten polyolefin (substituted or unsubstituted) in an inert atmosphere.
- a separation of the hydrogen halides formed during melting takes place, whereby the carbon-bromine bond split at temperatures above 270 0 C without the use of a reactant.
- the stabilization of phenyl radicals takes place, for example, by radical recombination with another aromatic radical. see connection.
- PBDD halogenated p-dibenzodioxins
- PBDF p-dibenzofurans
- the latter can be effectively suppressed by pyrolysis in the presence of polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
- the actual Entbromierung then takes place by the attack of the phenyl and bromine radicals on the macromolecules of the polyolefin under hydrogen abstraction. For example, assuming bromophenol and polyproplene, phenol and hydrogen bromide are the major products. By-products are alkylphenols and alkyl bromides.
- polyethylene or polypropylene causes the radicals to form stable molecules, thus avoiding the formation of PBDD and PBDF.
- the illustrated method ensures, in particular, the debromination of organic substances, such as oils, which can find further use as secondary fuel.
- the object is achieved by a reactor with a reaction volume for the thermal treatment of the halogenated substances, which in addition to an inlet for the substances mentioned has an inlet for the polyolefins.
- a reactor with a reaction volume for the thermal treatment of the halogenated substances, which in addition to an inlet for the substances mentioned has an inlet for the polyolefins.
- the reactor has a Tempera réellesVorraum on.
- the reaction volume comprises an overhead vapor space and a bottom sump (sump area).
- An essential feature of the invention relates to the arrangement and design of the inlet for the polyolefins in the reaction volume.
- This has to condition the polyolefin for injection into the reaction volume to a heater for heating the polyolefin on the softening temperature, wherein the heating may be formed by the aforementioned Temper michsvorraum.
- a heater for heating the polyolefin on the softening temperature
- the heating may be formed by the aforementioned Temper michsvorraum.
- polyolefin such as polypropylene (softening temperature to 200 0 C, decomposition from about 350 0 C) or polyethylene in the softened conveying and injectable state, ie in a viscosity range in the range between 10 and 70 Pas.
- the polyolefin is preferably input to a conveyor such as a screw conveyor or a melt pump 'as raw batch as granules and heated already in this, that is, outside of the reaction volume into a pumpable mass.
- the device comprises a switchable recycle facility (reflux and refeed) for the polyolefin, ie, a fluidic compound for the aforementioned polyolefin melt between the inlet and the outlet for the polyolefin in the reaction volume.
- the fluidic connection has a delivery pump and / or a heater.
- the inlet comprises at least one nozzle (includes extruder arrangements), which is aligned in the reaction volume in the direction of the de-halogenated substances. Injection of the polyolefins generally takes place by means of nozzles with a preferred large specific surface area into the substances, which advantageously accelerates the chemical processes taking place.
- the polyolefin can be distributed simultaneously over the entire volume of the substance to be dehalogenated, which advantageously significantly reduces the time for a complete reaction over the entire substance volume.
- the reaction kinetics in the abovementioned reactions described in principle in DE 102 34 837 A1 can also be specifically controlled by the positioning and alignment of the nozzles in the reaction volume.
- the inlet for the polyolefin preferably empties into the overhead steam space, in which the substances to be dehalogenated are present in the steam space and completely in a molecularly mixable form which can be contacted with the polyolefin.
- the substances are usually present in the steam space heated directly or indirectly via the heating of the reaction volume as gases, vapors, liquids or as dusts or fine particles. They can also form constituents of melt, liquid aerosols, atomizations or, in principle, suspensions.
- an inert gas atmosphere such as a nitrogen atmosphere
- the gas supply can be realized either as an additional separate introduction or as a gas supply for a two-component or multi-fluid nozzle for the introduction of the polyolefin or of components of the halogenated substance, the inert gas assuming the function of a carrier gas, for example for atomization.
- One embodiment relates to a reaction system with an overhead introduction of a polyolefin melt, ie with a nozzle assembly at the top of the reaction volume and from there down into the vapor space.
- the polyolefin is applied and mixed from above onto the substances to be dehalogenated (by heating, preferably gaseous or vaporous), the nozzle arrangement ensuring a large specific polyolefin surface with one, but preferably a plurality of individual nozzles.
- the polyolefin exits the nozzles either as fine filaments or as atomized melt aerosol. In the latter case, the viscosity of the polyolefin must be reduced so much by tempering, so that a sputtering without high pressure build-up in the conveyor system is made possible.
- polypropylene (PP) is a temperature range in the range of thermal decomposition of PP (about 350 0 C) between about 300 and 400 0 C, preferably 330 and / or 360 0 C sought.
- the reaction kinetic problem in dehalogenation i. the relatively slow reaction is regarded as a li- mitation factor.
- the preferred polypropylene (PP) is present as a flowing through phase, while the halogenated substances such. Brominated oils are fed as liquid to be evaporated in the reaction volume.
- the PP penetrates the surrounding to halogenated substances in a state with a large specific surface.
- polypropylene melt surface realizes PP threads or - drops or mist
- the polymer melt entering the submerged area of the abovementioned substances may entrain some of the substances, such as oil, and then in the melt phase (preferably in the sump region, but also in a PP).
- PP melt can be removed from the sump area and returned to the tank via a preferably heated connecting line and via an inlet Steam room can be entered, the entrained substances are recycled into the steam room with recycled and running there dehalogenation again.
- the substances leave the running device advantageously only when they are dehalogenated.
- pyrolysis products of the polyolefin passing into the gas space will react with the halogenated or brominated products in the vapor space.
- the reactor is designed pressure-resistant, whereby possible reaction times can be increased and the tendency of the transition of products in the gas phase is made more difficult (Le Chatelier principle).
- Fig.l is a cross-section of an embodiment with reaction volume and letting in for polyolefin
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment with screw conveyor for Polyprolpylen and
- the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a reactor 1 with a reaction volume 2, in which the substances to be dehalogenated are arranged in a lower sump region 3 below a vapor space 4 in the head region 5.
- the reactor also has a material inlet 6, a polyolefin inlet 7, outlets for the polyolefin 8 and for the dehalogenated substances and the gas products 9.
- the latter outlets for the dehalogenated substances and the gas products may be designed together or separately, with a common outlet separating the dehalogenated substances and the gas products (with halogen compounds) in a downstream, not shown stage takes place.
- the polyolefin inlet comprises a nozzle tube 10 which is closed on one side and has a plurality of individual nozzles 11 oriented radially outward on the circumferential surface.
- the polyolefin to be injected is already preheated by a water heater 12 into the nozzle tube and escapes as fine jets or mist through the individual nozzles 11 into the steam space 4
- the reactor has a temperature control device 13.
- the discharge line 8 can be designed as an extruder with a parting device for a solidifying substance mixture comprising the dehalogenated substances and polyolefin.
- a stirrer not shown, or another circulating device for a further improvement of the mixing and thus acceleration of the reaction can be provided.
- the above-mentioned stirrer can also be designed and used as a polyolefin inlet, with the stirrers being arranged on the mixing stirrers always changing their position and advantageously accelerating mixing of the polyolefin with the mixture of substances.
- FIG. 2a shows, by way of example for an atomizer nozzle, an alternative polyolefin inlet 7 in a sheath flow line 14 for an inert gas as a two-substance nozzle 15 for forming a polyolefin mist or an aerosol.
- FIG. 2b shows, by way of example, a polyolefin introduction line 7 for a nozzle nozzle arrangement for producing fine threads or drops, which opens into a multiplicity of individual nozzles 11 spreading out in a fan-shaped manner three-dimensionally.
- FIG. 3 Another embodiment discloses Figure 3 in a schematic system representation.
- the polyolefin inlet 7 is designed as a horizontal, unilaterally closed tube with a horizontal nozzle arrangement of similar individual nozzles (holes with 0.5 mm diameter) is connected via a riser 16 (connecting line) with water heater 12 to a preferably heatable manifold 17 (with valve circuit).
- the distributor 17 has at least two switching positions, wherein a first switching position (fresh Infeed) a feed of fresh polyolefin from one
- Pint conveyor 18 and the second switching position allows feeding of polyoelfin taken from the reaction volume 2 into the riser 16.
- a melt pump 19 is interposed between the polyolefin outlet 8 and the distributor 17.
- the material inlet and the outlet for dehalogenated substances and gas products are combined together with an inlet for an inert gas atmosphere in the context of this embodiment to form a reactor-head-side connecting piece 20, whereby this can be used for various purposes via various components.
- the embodiment Since the embodiment is designed only for batch operation and therefore does not have to be filled and emptied simultaneously with the material to be dehalogenated, the abovementioned connecting piece for several tasks does not impair ongoing operation, especially since a possible polyolefin recycling circuit decouples it and thus is not affected.
- the said components comprise, for example, a ball valve 21 with electromechanical valve 22 with safety valve 23 and manometer 24 for supplying the inert gas atmosphere in the steam chamber, a storage vessel 25 with inlet valve 26 for a liquid or e.g. Pyrolysis liquefied halogenated material and an outlet valve 27 for the present in the gas phase dehalogenated substances and reaction products.
- FIG. 4 shows the concentrations of various bromine compounds 28 (respectively measured signal height profile, ie no specific unit) over the experimental time course 29 with a debromination of 3.5 g tribromophenol (TBP) in a reactor of an embodiment according to FIG. 3 with PP as reaction partner.
- TBP tribromophenol
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/294,902 US20100166623A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-12-08 | Device for the thermal dehalogenation of halogen-containing substances |
JP2009501864A JP2009531340A (ja) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-12-08 | 含ハロゲン物質の加熱式脱ハロゲン化のための装置 |
EP06829409A EP1998888A1 (de) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-12-08 | Vorrichtung zur thermischen dehalogenierung von halogenhaltigen stoffen |
CA002647477A CA2647477A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-12-08 | Apparatus for thermally dehalogenating halogenated substances |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006014457A DE102006014457A1 (de) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | Verfahren zur thermischen Dehalogenierung von halogenhaltigen Stoffen |
DE102006014457.0 | 2006-03-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007112776A1 true WO2007112776A1 (de) | 2007-10-11 |
Family
ID=37908272
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/011797 WO2007112776A1 (de) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-12-08 | Vorrichtung zur thermischen dehalogenierung von halogenhaltigen stoffen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100166623A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1998888A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009531340A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20080102410A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2647477A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006014457A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007112776A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2055375B1 (de) * | 2007-10-25 | 2012-05-02 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | HCl-Ejektionsdüse, Reaktor und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trichlorosilan |
CN201389491Y (zh) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-01-27 | 陈文宏 | 导砂洗砂机 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3325455A (en) * | 1963-11-21 | 1967-06-13 | Polymer Corp | Method of producing nylon powders |
EP0094665A1 (de) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-23 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung einer Suspension von Cyanurchlorid in Wasser oder zur Umsetzung von Cyanurchlorid mit Ammoniak oder Aminen |
WO1991008023A1 (en) * | 1989-11-24 | 1991-06-13 | Ips Interproject Service Ab | A method for the destruction of halogen-containing substances |
WO1993022001A1 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-11 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for indirect chemical reduction of metals in waste |
DE10234837A1 (de) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-19 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Behandlung halogenhaltiger Abfallstoffe |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3323455A (en) * | 1965-09-30 | 1967-06-06 | Trojan Powder Co | Expansible explosive cartridge |
US3700430A (en) * | 1969-06-25 | 1972-10-24 | Knapsack Ag | Process for the manufacture of potassium |
US4268241A (en) * | 1978-01-06 | 1981-05-19 | Husky Injection Molding Systems | Heated injection nozzle |
DE2850271C3 (de) * | 1978-11-20 | 1981-10-01 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Vorrichtung zur intensiven Mischung von Flüssigkeiten |
SE448173B (sv) * | 1985-06-03 | 1987-01-26 | Croon Inventor Ab | Forfarande for utvinning av kemikalier fran cellulosaavlut genom pyrolys |
US4950309A (en) * | 1987-10-07 | 1990-08-21 | Dynecology Incorporated | Process for the conversion of toxic organic substances to useful products |
EP0688241B1 (de) * | 1993-03-08 | 1998-12-02 | The Scientific Ecology Group, Inc. | Methode und system zur dampf-reformierung von flüssigen oder schlammigen zuführmaterialien |
US5491279A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1996-02-13 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for top-charging solid waste into a molten metal bath |
FR2735213B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-12 | 1997-07-11 | Kodak Pathe | Procede et dispositif de destruction par incineration de gaz de reaction |
JP3494797B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-29 | 2004-02-09 | 株式会社東芝 | 水蒸気プラズマによる有機ハロゲン化合物の分解装置 |
US6039470A (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2000-03-21 | Conwell; Allyn B. | Particulate mixing system |
JP2001314747A (ja) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-13 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 油中不純物分解装置 |
JP3490671B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-22 | 2004-01-26 | 日建エンジニアリング株式会社 | ハロゲン含有プラスチックを含むプラスチック廃棄物の処理方法及び装置 |
JP3723102B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-23 | 2005-12-07 | 健 神佐 | 有機ハロゲン化合物の分解処理装置 |
JP2004067971A (ja) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-03-04 | Jfe Steel Kk | ハロゲン化炭化水素含有低嵩密度プラスチックの処理方法および処理装置 |
JP4348609B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-11 | 2009-10-21 | 株式会社ティラド | 熱分解装置 |
-
2006
- 2006-03-29 DE DE102006014457A patent/DE102006014457A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-08 KR KR1020087023393A patent/KR20080102410A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-12-08 WO PCT/EP2006/011797 patent/WO2007112776A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-12-08 US US12/294,902 patent/US20100166623A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-08 EP EP06829409A patent/EP1998888A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-08 CA CA002647477A patent/CA2647477A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-08 JP JP2009501864A patent/JP2009531340A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3325455A (en) * | 1963-11-21 | 1967-06-13 | Polymer Corp | Method of producing nylon powders |
EP0094665A1 (de) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-23 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung einer Suspension von Cyanurchlorid in Wasser oder zur Umsetzung von Cyanurchlorid mit Ammoniak oder Aminen |
WO1991008023A1 (en) * | 1989-11-24 | 1991-06-13 | Ips Interproject Service Ab | A method for the destruction of halogen-containing substances |
WO1993022001A1 (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-11 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for indirect chemical reduction of metals in waste |
DE10234837A1 (de) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-19 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Behandlung halogenhaltiger Abfallstoffe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009531340A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
KR20080102410A (ko) | 2008-11-25 |
CA2647477A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
EP1998888A1 (de) | 2008-12-10 |
US20100166623A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
DE102006014457A1 (de) | 2007-10-04 |
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