WO2007039969A1 - 透明導電層付フィルムとフレキシブル機能性素子、フレキシブル分散型エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びその製造方法並びにそれを用いた電子デバイス - Google Patents
透明導電層付フィルムとフレキシブル機能性素子、フレキシブル分散型エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びその製造方法並びにそれを用いた電子デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007039969A1 WO2007039969A1 PCT/JP2006/312738 JP2006312738W WO2007039969A1 WO 2007039969 A1 WO2007039969 A1 WO 2007039969A1 JP 2006312738 W JP2006312738 W JP 2006312738W WO 2007039969 A1 WO2007039969 A1 WO 2007039969A1
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- film
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
- H05B33/28—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/311—Flexible OLED
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/80—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass using temporary substrates
Definitions
- the present invention uses a transparent conductive film in which a transparent conductive layer mainly composed of conductive oxide fine particles and a binder matrix is formed on an extremely thin base film, and a film with the transparent conductive layer.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element, an organic electoluminescence element, an electronic paper element, a flexible functional element, a dispersive electoluminescence element, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic device using the same.
- the present invention relates to a dispersive electoluminescence element applied as a light emitting element incorporated in a key input part of various devices such as a mobile phone, and an electronic device using the same.
- the dispersion type EL element is a light emitting element driven by an alternating voltage, and has been conventionally used for a liquid crystal display such as a mobile phone and a remote controller.
- LED light emitting diode
- the LED is a point light source, the brightness of the key pad portion is uneven, and the appearance is poor. Blue light-emitting colors are preferred, but LEDs have problems such as high cost and high power consumption compared to distributed EL elements. From this point as well, distributed ELs can be used instead of LEDs. There is a lot of movement to adopt elements.
- a manufacturing method of a powerful dispersive EL element generally, a physical film forming method such as sputtering or ion plating is used, and indium tin oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as “ITO”) is used as a transparent conductive material.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a plastic film hereinafter abbreviated as “sputtering ⁇ film”
- sputtering ⁇ film On a plastic film (hereinafter abbreviated as “sputtering ⁇ film”) on which a layer (hereinafter abbreviated as “sputtering ⁇ film”) is formed, a phosphor layer, a dielectric layer, and a back electrode layer are sequentially screen printed, etc.
- the method of forming by is widely known.
- the sputtering film is formed by depositing an ITO single layer, which is an inorganic component, on a transparent plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) by the physical film formation method described above: 20
- a transparent conductive layer having a low resistance with a surface resistance value of about 100 to 300 ⁇ / mouth (ohm 'per' square) can be obtained.
- the sputtered layer is a thin film of an inorganic component and is extremely brittle, there is a problem in that it tends to cause a crack at the mouth. For this reason, it is necessary to provide the plastic film as a base material with sufficient strength and rigidity, and the actual thickness is at least 50 ⁇ m or more, usually 75 ⁇ m or more.
- PET film is widely used as the base film for the sputtered ITO film. If the thickness is less than 50 m, the flexibility of the base film is too high. During the process, the sputtering ITO layer easily cracks, and the conductivity of the film is significantly impaired. For example, a thin sputtering ITO film with a thickness of 25 / zm, for example, is practically used for devices that require high flexibility. The current situation was not.
- a support film having a thickness of about 75 ⁇ m and a thickness of about 75 ⁇ m is used.
- the force used to form a sputtering ITO film on the base film using a base film with a thickness of less than 50 ⁇ m was also lacking the flexibility of the sputtering ITO layer itself.
- the support film is peeled and removed, there is a problem that the conductive properties and flexibility of the sputtering ITO layer cannot be achieved.
- a soft base film such as urethane has not been put into practical use because even if the film thickness is 75 m or more, cracks are likely to occur when a sputtered ITO layer is formed.
- the thickness of the base film should be at least 50 m or more to prevent cracks in the sputtering ITO layer.
- the base film made of a flexible material cannot be used.
- the click feeling of the key operation is sufficiently good, and there are other problems.
- a conductive oxide layer is used.
- a method of applying a transparent conductive layer-forming coating liquid mainly composed of fine particles and a binder matrix onto a base film, drying it, then compressing (rolling) it with a metal roll, and then curing the binder component In this method, the packing density of the conductive fine particles in the transparent conductive layer can be increased by rolling with a metal roll, and the electrical (conductive) characteristics and optical characteristics of the film can be greatly improved. There is an advantage.
- the rolling pressure must be set high in order to obtain excellent properties such as transparency and conductivity.
- the thickness of the base film is made thin (for example, 25 ⁇ m or less, especially 9 ⁇ m or less)
- problems such as base film distortion and wrinkling are likely to occur, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- there were problems such as poor product yield. Therefore, the use of a base film with a thickness exceeding 25 ⁇ m (for example, about 50 ⁇ m) as a result in order to prevent these has been a limit in industrial mass production processes.
- the base film used is still thick, so the flexibility required for key input parts (key pads), etc.
- the company was unable to fully respond to the thinning of the product.
- the flexible functional elements such as the liquid crystal display element, the organic EL element, and the electronic paper element are required for the production of the flexible functional element.
- an extremely thin film with a transparent conductive layer having a transparent conductive layer excellent in conductivity, transparency and flexibility formed on a base film (plastic film) has not been obtained.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-273831
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-4 237909
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-5-0336314
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-321717
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-36411
- Patent Document 6 JP 2002-42558 A
- the present invention has been made in view of such conventional circumstances, and is more flexible than various types of functional elements such as a conventional sputtered ITO film and a dispersed EL element using the film.
- a film with a transparent conductive layer is a film with a transparent conductive layer in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on a base film by a coating method.
- the base film side of the film is lined with a support film having a slightly adhesive layer that can be peeled off at the interface with the base film, the thickness of the base film is 3 to 25 / ⁇ ⁇ , and the transparent film
- the conductive layer is characterized by comprising conductive oxide fine particles and a binder matrix as main components and being subjected to a compression treatment.
- another film with a transparent conductive layer provided by the present invention has a peeling strength between the fine adhesive layer and the base film (force required for peeling per unit length at the peeling portion). Regardless of the presence or absence of the heat treatment step, it is 1 to 15 gZcm, and the dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) of the film with the transparent conductive layer in both the vertical and horizontal directions is 0.3% or less.
- the base film has a thickness of 3 to 9 m, and the conductive oxide fine particles are mainly composed of at least one of indium oxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide.
- the conductive oxide fine particles mainly composed of indium oxide are indium stannate fine particles, and the binder matrix is cross-linked, Has resistance to organic solvents
- the features, pre-Symbol compression process, is characterized in that is carried out by rolling treatment of the metal roll.
- the flexible functional element provided by the present invention includes a liquid crystal display element, an organic electoluminescence element, and an electronic paper element on the transparent conductive layer of the film with a transparent conductive layer.
- the support film having the fine adhesive layer was peeled off at the interface between the base film and the fine adhesive layer.
- the flexible dispersive electoluminescence device is the above-mentioned On the transparent conductive layer of the film with a transparent conductive layer, at least a phosphor layer, a dielectric layer, and a back electrode layer are sequentially formed, and then a support film having the fine adhesive layer is placed on the interface between the base film and the fine adhesive layer. It is characterized by peeling and removing.
- the electronic device provided by the present invention is applied as a light-emitting element incorporated in a key input component of the flexible dispersive electroluminescence element force device, and the electronic device is portable. It is characterized by being a telephone, a remote controller, and a portable information terminal.
- the method for producing a film with a transparent conductive layer comprises a base film having a thickness of 3 to 25 ⁇ m and backed by a support film having a slightly adhesive layer that can be peeled off at the interface with the base film.
- a coating layer was formed using a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer as a component, and then the base film on which the coating layer was formed and the backing support film were subjected to compression treatment, and then the compression treatment was performed.
- the coating layer is cured to form a transparent conductive layer.
- another method for producing a film with a transparent conductive layer according to the present invention is characterized in that the compression treatment is performed by rolling a metal roll, and the rolling treatment includes a linear pressure of 29.4 to It is characterized by being 490 N / mm (30 to 500 kgfZcm).
- a liquid crystal display element, an organic electoluminescence element, or an electronic paper element is formed on the transparent conductive layer of the film with the transparent conductive layer.
- the support film having the fine adhesive layer is peeled off at the interface between the base film and the fine adhesive layer.
- a phosphor layer, a dielectric layer, and a back electrode layer are sequentially formed on the transparent conductive layer of the film with the transparent conductive layer.
- the support film having the slightly adhesive layer is peeled off at the interface between the base film and the slightly adhesive layer.
- a film with a transparent conductive layer, a flexible dispersive EL element, and the like which are superior in flexibility compared to various functional elements such as a conventional sputtering ITO film and a dispersive EL element using the film, etc.
- Various flexible functional elements can be provided at low cost.
- examples of flexible functional elements to which the film with a transparent conductive layer of the present invention can be applied include liquid crystal display elements, organic EL elements, electronic paper elements, and distributed EL elements.
- the liquid crystal display element is a non-light-emitting electronic display element that is widely used in displays such as mobile phones, PDAs, and PCs. It has a simple matrix method and an active matrix method, and has high image quality and response speed. In this respect, the active matrix method is superior.
- the basic structure is that a liquid crystal is sandwiched between transparent electrodes and the liquid crystal molecules are aligned by voltage drive for display, but in addition to the transparent electrode, the actual element is a color filter, retardation film, polarizing film. Etc. are used in layers.
- the organic EL element is a self-luminous element, and is expected to be used as a display device such as a display because it can obtain high luminance when driven at a low voltage.
- the structure is such that a hole injection layer (hole injection layer) consisting of a conductive polymer such as a polythiophene derivative, an organic light emitting layer (deposited low molecular light emitting layer or Polymer light-emitting layer to be formed), force sword electrode layer (good electron injection into the light-emitting layer, low work function, metal layer such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (A1)), A gas barrier coating layer (or a sealing treatment with metal or glass) is sequentially formed.
- a hole injection layer consisting of a conductive polymer such as a polythiophene derivative, an organic light emitting layer (deposited low molecular light emitting layer or Polymer light-emitting layer to be formed), force sword electrode layer (good electron injection into the light-emitting layer, low work function, metal layer such as magnesium (
- the electronic paper element is a non-light-emitting electronic display element that does not emit light by itself, has a memory effect that remains displayed even when the power is turned off, and is expected as a display for displaying characters. ing.
- the display method uses electrophoretic methods to attach colored particles to electrodes.
- Electrophoresis method that moves through the liquid between them, twist ball method that colors dichroic particles by rotating them with an electric field, for example, liquid crystal method that displays by sandwiching cholesteric liquid crystal between transparent electrodes, coloring Powder system that displays particles (toner) and electronic powder fluid (QuickResponse Liquid Powder) in the air, electrochemical oxidation • Electric mouth chromic system that produces color based on the reduction action, electrochemical oxidation ⁇ Electrodeposition method in which metal is deposited and dissolved by reduction and display is performed by the color change accompanying this.
- a dispersion-type EL element is a self-luminous element that emits light by applying an electric field to a layer containing phosphor particles, which will be described in detail later.
- the conventional distributed EL element has at least a transparent conductive layer 2, a phosphor layer 3, a dielectric layer 4, and a back electrode layer 5 sequentially formed on a transparent plastic film 1. Therefore, in application to actual devices, as shown in FIG. 2, it is generally possible to form a collector electrode 6 such as silver or an insulating protective layer 7 and use it.
- the flexible dispersive EL element of the present invention is a transparent conductive layer sequentially formed on a base film 9 lined with a support film 8 having a slightly adhesive layer as shown in FIG. 2, phosphor layer 3, dielectric layer 4, and back electrode layer 5, and in application to an actual device, as shown in Fig. 4, a support film having a slightly adhesive layer is used as a base film. It is used in a form that is peeled and removed at the interface between and the slightly adhesive layer.
- the slightly adhesive layer is peeled off together with the support film when the support film is peeled off. Is done. Although it is not general, if the support film material itself has slight adhesiveness, the support film has the function of a slightly adhesive layer. It is not necessary to form on the support film.
- collector electrode made of silver or the like and an insulating protective layer.
- the thickness of the base film itself can be set thin, and the base film It is also possible to give good flexibility to the dispersive EL element by appropriately selecting the material.
- the role of the support film used in the present invention is to facilitate handling in the manufacturing process of the flexible dispersive EL element of the present invention, and the base material in the lamination process of the phosphor layer, dielectric layer, back electrode layer, etc.
- Work to prevent warping (curl)
- a suction stage with a large number of small-diameter holes is used, and the hole is decompressed to fix the film. If the film as a substrate is thin, the film in the hole is Deformation and a dent is formed, and the mark of the dent is generated on the screen-printed film).
- the support film used in the present invention has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m or more, preferably 75 m or more, and more preferably 100 / z m or more. If the thickness of the support film is less than 50 ⁇ m, the rigidity of the film will decrease, and it will be handled in the manufacturing process of the above-mentioned dispersive EL element, substrate warpage (curl), phosphor layer, dielectric layer, back surface This is because problems such as electrode layer printability are likely to occur.
- the flexible dispersive EL element of the present invention is a force-supporting film that has been subjected to a half-cut treatment so that only the dispersive EL element portion of a predetermined shape can be peeled off at the end of the production process.
- the half-cut process is a method of cutting only the dispersed EL element part including the base film according to the element shape using a die press etc. in the dispersed EL element backed by the support film. Since a part of the backing film is cut, the supporting film is required to have a predetermined thickness as described above.
- the support film used in the present invention preferably has a thickness of 200 ⁇ m or less. Good. If it exceeds 200 / zm, the support film becomes hard and heavy and difficult to handle, and at the same time, it is not preferable in terms of cost.
- the support film used in the present invention does not require transparency, and the material thereof is not particularly limited, and various plastics can be used. Specifically, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), nylon, polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), urethane, fluorinated resin Plastics such as polyimide (PI) can be used. Among them, PET film is preferable from the viewpoint of being inexpensive, excellent in strength, and having flexibility.
- the support film used in the present invention is finally peeled off by the base film force through the production process of the film with a transparent conductive layer and the dispersion-type EL element while being in close contact with the base film.
- An acrylic or silicone light adhesion layer is applied and formed. Silicone-based adhesive layers are preferred because of their excellent heat resistance.
- the peel strength is less than lgZcm, even if the support film and the base film are bonded, it is not preferable because it is easily peeled off in the manufacturing process of the film with a transparent conductive layer and the dispersion type EL element, and when the peel strength exceeds 15 gZcm, the support film Since the base film is difficult to peel off, the flexible dispersive EL element also peels off the supporting film, degrading the operability of the EL element peeling process, and stretching of the element and the transparent conductive layer. This is because there is an increased risk of deterioration (cracking, etc.) and partial adhesion of the slightly adhesive layer to the base film surface.
- the flexible dispersive EL element of the present invention is manufactured through several heat treatment steps (usually about 120 to 140 ° C.) with respect to the film with a transparent conductive layer. It is necessary to maintain the peel strength even after the treatment step, and for this purpose, the material of the slightly adhesive layer is required to have heat resistance. In addition, when manufacturing a film with a transparent conductive layer, an ultraviolet curing process may be applied. The material of the layer must also be UV resistant.
- the base film used in the present invention is required to have a thickness of 3 to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 16 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 9 ⁇ m. This is because when the thickness of the base film exceeds 25 ⁇ m, the rigidity becomes high, and it is difficult to obtain a good click feeling when incorporated into the above-described keypad as a flexible dispersive EL element. Further, it is more preferable that the thickness of the base film is 9 m or less because the thickness of the dispersive EL element itself can be reduced without only obtaining a better click feeling.
- the thickness of the base film is less than 3 m, it is difficult to obtain a general-purpose film that is generally available, the handling of the base film itself is difficult, and the backing with the support film is difficult. Since the strength of the film itself decreases, damage may occur to the element components including the transparent conductive layer and phosphor layer of the dispersed EL element when used in a device key input component. This is not desirable because of problems such as
- the material of the base film used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it adheres via the support film and the slightly adhesive layer, has releasability, is translucent, and a transparent conductive layer can be formed thereon.
- various plastics can be used. Specific examples include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), nylon, polyethylene terephthalate (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), urethane, fluorine-based resin, etc.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PET polyethylene naphthalate
- PC polycarbonate
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- urethane fluorine-based resin
- a PET film is preferable from the viewpoints of being inexpensive, excellent in strength, having both transparency and flexibility.
- a film reinforced with visible light-transmitting inorganic and Z or organic (plastic) fibers (including needle-like, rod-like, and whisker fine particles) and flake-like fine particles (including plate-like) may be used. ⁇ .
- Base films reinforced with fibers and flaky particulates can have good strength even with thinner films.
- the flexible dispersive EL element of the present invention is manufactured through several heat treatment steps for the film with a transparent conductive layer.
- longitudinal direction (MD) of the film with transparent conductive layer The dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) in the transverse direction (TD) must be 0.3% or less, preferably 0.15% or less, and more preferably 0.1% or less.
- the dimensional change rate accompanying heat treatment generally indicates a shrinkage rate.
- the shrinkage rate in the machine direction (MD) of the heat treatment is in the transverse direction (TD). The value is several times larger than the shrinkage rate.
- each layer such as a phosphor layer, a dielectric layer, and a back electrode layer is formed on the film with a transparent conductive layer.
- Each layer forming process is formed by pattern drying 'drying' and heat-curing in each layering process. This is not preferable because the size of the deviation exceeds the allowable range in the manufacture of distributed EL devices.
- a method of reducing the dimensional change rate a method using a heat-shrinkable low heat shrink type support film or a base film, a method of pre-shrinking a base film backed with a support film, or transparent conductive
- the method etc. which heat-shrink the whole film with a layer can be considered, it is not limited to these. If these methods are appropriately applied, the dimensional change rate of the film with the transparent conductive layer during the heat treatment step can be reduced, and at the same time, the transparent conductive layer resulting from the difference in the dimensional change rate between the support film and the base film. It is also possible to suppress warpage (curl) in a flexible dispersive EL device lined with an attached film.
- the formation of the transparent conductive layer mainly composed of the conductive oxide fine particles and the binder matrix on the base film can be performed as follows using the formation method described in Patent Documents 2 to 6 described above. it can.
- a coating solution for forming a transparent conductive layer in which conductive oxide fine particles are dispersed in a solvent containing a binder component is applied and dried on a base film having a thickness of 3 to 25 m or less lined with a support film. After forming the coating layer, the support film is lined with this coating layer. The whole base film is subjected to compression treatment, and then one component of the binder of the compression-treated coating layer is cured.
- the base film that has been coated and dried with the coating liquid for forming the transparent conductive layer may be rolled with a hard chrome plated metal roll.
- the rolling pressure of the metal roll is a linear pressure: 29 4 to 490 NZmm (30 to 500 kgfZcm) force S good 98 to 294 NZmm (100 to 300 kgfZcm) is more preferable.
- the rolling pressure per unit area (NZmm 2 ) in the rolling process of the above metal tool is the linear pressure minus the width (the area where the transparent conductive layer is crushed by the metal roll at the contact point between the metal roll and the transparent conductive layer) The width is about 0.7 to 2 mm if the roll diameter is about 150 mm, although it depends on the diameter and linear pressure of the metal roll.
- the base film backed by the support film since the base film backed by the support film is used, it is extremely thin! Even when the base film is subjected to the above rolling treatment, the base film is effectively prevented from being distorted or wrinkled. it can. Furthermore, in the rolling process using a hard chrome-plated metal roll, the surface of the transparent conductive layer obtained after the rolling process is made extremely smooth by using a mirror surface roll with extremely small irregularities on the surface of the metal ring. Can do. This is because even if the coating layer obtained by applying the coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive film has a convex portion, the convex portion can be physically flattened by the rolling process using the metal roll. When the surface of the transparent conductive layer has good smoothness, the above-mentioned various functional elements have the effect of preventing the occurrence of short-circuits between electrodes and element defects, which is very preferable.
- the above base film is preliminarily subjected to easy adhesion treatment, specifically, plasma treatment, corona discharge treatment, short wavelength ultraviolet ray irradiation treatment, etc., in order to increase the adhesion to the transparent conductive layer. I'll leave it for you.
- Conductive oxide fine particles applied to the coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer used in the present invention In particular, conductive oxide fine particles mainly containing at least one of indium oxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide, such as indium stannic oxide (ITO) fine particles, indium zinc oxide, and the like.
- ITO indium stannic oxide
- IWO indium monotungsten oxide
- IWO indium monotitanate fine particles
- ITO indium zirconate fine particles
- FTO Fluorostannic acid oxide
- FTO aluminum zinc oxide
- ZO gallium zinc oxide
- GZO gallium zinc oxide
- the average particle diameter of the conductive oxide fine particles used in the present invention is preferably from 1 to 500 nm, and more preferably from 5 to LOOnm. If the average particle size is less than 1 nm, it is difficult to produce a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer, and the resistance value of the obtained transparent conductive layer is high. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 500 nm, the conductive oxide fine particles easily settle in the coating liquid for forming the transparent conductive layer and are not easily handled. At the same time, the transparent conductive layer can simultaneously achieve high transmittance and low resistance. Because it becomes difficult.
- the average particle diameter of the conductive oxide fine particles is a value observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- the binder component of the coating liquid for forming the transparent conductive layer functions to increase the conductivity and strength of the film by bonding the conductive oxide fine particles, and to increase the adhesion between the base film and the transparent conductive layer.
- Solvent resistance to prevent deterioration of the transparent conductive layer due to organic solvents contained in various printing pastes used to form phosphor layers, dielectric layers, back electrode layers, etc. in the manufacturing process of distributed EL devices It has a function to grant.
- organic and Z or inorganic noinders can be used.
- the base film to which the coating liquid for forming the transparent conductive layer is applied, the film formation conditions of the transparent conductive layer, and the like are taken into consideration. Can be selected as appropriate.
- thermoplastic resin such as acrylic resin and polyester resin is not applicable, but generally it is preferable to have solvent resistance. It is necessary that the resin be crosslinkable, and a thermosetting resin, a room temperature curable resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, an electron beam curable resin and the like can be selected.
- a thermosetting resin such as acrylic resin and polyester resin
- an ultraviolet curable resin such as ultraviolet curable resin
- an electron beam curable resin and the like can be selected.
- epoxy resin, fluorine resin, etc. for thermosetting resin, and two liquids for room temperature curable resin UV curable resins such as epoxy resins, urethane resins, and other resins that contain various initiators, monomers, and photoinitiators, and electron beam curable resins that contain various oligomers and monomers.
- Fats and the like can be mentioned, but the fats are not limited to these.
- Examples of the inorganic binder used in the present invention include binders mainly composed of silica sol, alumina sol, zirconium sol, tita sol and the like.
- the silica sol may be a polymer obtained by hydrolyzing an orthoalkyl silicate with water or an acid catalyst to promote dehydration condensation polymerization, or a polymer that has already been polymerized to a tetramer to a pentamer. It is possible to use a commercially available alkyl silicate solution with a polymer that has undergone further hydrolysis and dehydration condensation polymerization.
- the degree of dehydration condensation polymerization is adjusted to be equal to or lower than the upper limit viscosity that can be applied on the transparent substrate. Adjust.
- the degree of dehydration condensation polymerization is not particularly limited as long as it is a level equal to or lower than the above upper limit viscosity, but considering the film strength, weather resistance, etc., the weight average molecular weight is preferably about 500 to 50,000.
- This alkyl silicate hydrolyzed polymer (silica sol) is almost completely dehydrated and polycondensation reaction (crosslinking reaction) during application of the coating solution for forming the transparent conductive layer and heating after drying.
- Binder matrix mainly composed of acid silicate.
- the dehydration condensation polymerization reaction starts immediately after the membrane is dried, and when the time elapses, the conductive oxide fine particles are solidified so that they cannot move.
- the treatment should be performed as soon as possible after applying and drying the coating liquid for forming the transparent conductive layer.
- An organic-inorganic hybrid binder can also be used as the noinder used in the present invention.
- a binder obtained by partially modifying the above-described silica sol with an organic functional group and a binder mainly composed of various coupling agents such as a silicon coupling agent can be given.
- the transparent conductive layer using the inorganic noinder or organic-inorganic hybrid binder used in the present invention inevitably has excellent solvent resistance, but the adhesive strength with the base film and the transparent conductive layer are not limited. It is necessary to select appropriately so that the flexibility of the layer does not deteriorate.
- the resistance of the transparent conductive layer becomes too high if the binder component is more than 85:15, and conversely if the binder component is less than 97: 3, the strength of the transparent conductive layer becomes high. This is because, at the same time, sufficient adhesion to the base film cannot be obtained.
- the conductive oxide fine particles are mixed with a solvent and, if necessary, a dispersant, and then subjected to a dispersion treatment to obtain a conductive oxide fine particle dispersion.
- the dispersing agent include various surfactants such as various coupling agents such as a silicone coupling agent, various polymer dispersants, and a “on”-“no-on” cationic system. These dispersants can be appropriately selected according to the type of conductive oxide fine particles used and the dispersion treatment method.
- a good dispersion state may be obtained depending on the combination of the conductive oxide fine particles and the solvent to be applied and the dispersion method. Since the use of a dispersant may deteriorate the resistance value and weather resistance of the film, a dispersant is not used! /, And a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer is most preferable.
- the dispersion treatment general-purpose methods such as ultrasonic treatment, homogenizer, paint shaker, and bead mill can be applied.
- a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer is obtained by adding a binder component to the obtained conductive oxide fine particle dispersion and further adjusting the components such as the concentration of the conductive oxide fine particles and the solvent composition.
- the force applied to the dispersion of the conductive oxide fine particles may be added in advance before the aforementioned conductive oxide fine particle dispersion step. What is necessary is just to set an electroconductive oxide fine particle density
- the solvent used in the coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive layer used in the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the coating method, the film forming conditions, and the material of the base film without particular limitations.
- water methanol (MA), ethanol (EA), 1-propanol (NPA), isopropanol (IP A), butanol, pentanol, benzyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol Alcohol solvents such as alcohol (DAA), acetone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), cyclohexanone and isophorone, ketyl acetate, butyl acetate, Ester solvents such as methyl lactate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (MCS), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (ECS), ethylene glycol isopropyl ether (IPC), propylene glycol methyl ether (
- the coating solution for forming the transparent conductive layer is applied to the base film backed with a support film by a method such as screen printing, blade coating, wire bar coating, spray coating, roll coating or gravure printing.
- a method for producing the flexible distributed EL device of the present invention After forming, the above-described compression processing is performed.
- the compression treatment is preferably performed by rolling a metal roll.
- the compression-treated coating layer is subjected to a curing treatment such as a heat treatment (dry curing, heat curing) or an ultraviolet irradiation treatment (ultraviolet curing) depending on the type of the coating solution to become a transparent conductive layer.
- the transparent conductive layer may be printed on the entire surface (solid) or patterned.
- the thickness of the transparent conductive layer is usually about 1 ⁇ m, and the support film, the slightly adhesive layer (several to 20 ⁇ m), and the base film Since the thickness is less than the thickness (70-230 ⁇ m) including the film, even during pattern printing, the pressure during the compression process can be applied evenly regardless of the formation of the transparent conductive layer.
- the pattern of the transparent conductive layer is a photo pattern that is applied to a transparent conductive layer that has been printed on the entire surface, coated with a photoresist, exposed and developed, and then etched with a salted iron or aqua regia type acid. You can go.
- the transparent conductive layer of the present invention comprises conductive oxide fine particles and a binder matrix, and the above etching does not remove the binder portion but dissolves and removes the conductive oxide fine particles. It can be changed to insulation.
- a method of forming a phosphor layer, a dielectric layer, and a back electrode layer on the transparent conductive layer by screen printing or the like in general is generally used.
- the phosphor layer, the dielectric layer, and the back electrode Coating of each layer (printing) is sequentially applied (printing) ⁇ dried and heat-cured (usually 120 to 140 ° C).
- the phosphor layer paste and the dielectric layer paste each include phosphor particles (zinc sulfide-based fine particles), dielectric fine particles (barium titanate-based fine particles), and a noinder whose main component is a high dielectric component such as fluororubber.
- the back electrode layer paste is obtained by dispersing conductive fine particles such as carbon fine particles in a solvent containing a thermosetting resin binder.
- the transparent conductive layer, the phosphor layer, the dielectric layer, and the back electrode layer constitute the main part of the dispersion-type EL element.
- Electric electrode formed with silver paste
- back electrode lead electrode formed with silver paste
- short circuit between electrodes insulation protective coating (formed with insulating paste) to prevent electric shock, etc. Made.
- the manufacturing method of the flexible functional element of the liquid crystal display element, the organic EL element, and the electronic paper element according to the present invention is the same as the manufacturing method of the flexible dispersive EL element.
- the support film having the slightly adhesive layer is peeled off at the interface between the base film and the slightly adhesive layer. Can be implemented.
- Various flexible functional elements such as a flexible dispersive EL element according to the present invention have excellent flexibility because the thickness of the base film is thin and flexible, and among them, the flexible dispersive EL element is The present invention can be applied as a light emitting element incorporated in a key input component of a device such as a mobile phone, a remote controller, or a portable information terminal.
- a base film (PET: 6 ⁇ m thick) lined with a support film (PET: 75 ⁇ m thick) through a heat-resistant silicone slightly adhesive layer ) was subjected to heat shrinkage treatment (150 ° C. X 15 minutes, tension free).
- the above transparent conductive layer forming coating solution is wire bar coated (wire diameter: 0.15 mm) on the base film, dried at 60 ° C for 1 minute, and then metal with a hard chromium plating with a diameter of 100 mm.
- the above peel strength is T-type peel strength (T-type peel is applied to the base film at a pulling speed of 300 mmZmin).
- the dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) during heating was 0.05%.
- the dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) is determined by the heat treatment (150 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes) of the film with a transparent conductive layer according to Example 1 above (MD) and transverse direction (MD) Indicates the dimensional change rate (shrinkage rate) in the machine direction (MD) with a large value among the TD (dimensional change rate) (shrinkage rate).
- the film characteristics of the transparent conductive layer were as follows: visible light transmittance: 90.9%, haze value: 3.1%, and surface resistance value: 500 ⁇ .
- the surface resistance value is measured 1 day after the formation of the transparent conductive layer because it tends to temporarily decrease immediately after curing due to the influence of ultraviolet irradiation during binder curing.
- the transmittance and haze value of the transparent conductive layer described above are values only for the transparent conductive layer, and are obtained by the following calculation formulas 1 and 2, respectively.
- Transmissivity of transparent conductive layer [(Transmittance measured with base film backed by transparent conductive layer and support film) z Permeability of base film backed by support film]
- Haze value of transparent conductive layer (Haze value measured with base film backed by transparent conductive layer and support film) (Haze value of base film backed by support film)
- the surface resistance of the transparent conductive layer was measured using a surface resistance meter Loresta AP (MCP-T400) manufactured by Mitsubishi Igaku. Haze value and visible light transmittance are measured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Measurement was performed using a haze meter (HR-200).
- a phosphor paste made by DuPont, 715 J in which zinc sulfide particles as a phosphor are dispersed in a resin solution containing a fluoropolymer as a main component.
- a 200 mesh polyester screen was used for screen printing to a size of 4 ⁇ 5 cm, followed by drying at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a phosphor layer.
- a dielectric paste made by DuPont, 7153 in which barium titanate particles are dispersed in a resin solution containing fluoropolymer as a main component is used with a 200 mesh polyester screen.
- the screen was printed to a size of X 5 cm, dried (120 ° C x 30 minutes), and this was repeated twice to form a dielectric layer.
- a carbon conductive paste (FEC-198, manufactured by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd., FEC-198) was screen-printed to a size of 3.5 X 4.5 cm on the dielectric layer and dried at 130 ° C for 30 minutes. A back electrode layer was formed.
- a flexible distributed EL element according to Example 1 is formed by forming an Ag lead wire for voltage application at one end of the transparent conductive layer and the back electrode layer using a silver conductive base, peeling off the support film. (Base film Z transparent conductive layer Z phosphor layer Z dielectric layer Z back electrode layer) was obtained.
- an insulating layer is formed using an insulating paste (XB-101G, manufactured by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd.) as an insulating protective coating on the transparent conductive layer and the back electrode layer as necessary. Since it is not a part related to the essence of the present invention, details are omitted.
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film and the Z base film was 3. lgZcm.
- a voltage of 1 OOV and 400 Hz was applied between the voltage application lead wires of this flexible dispersion type EL element, the dispersion type EL element emitted light uniformly and its luminance was measured to be 52 Cd / m 2 .
- the luminance was measured with a luminance meter (trade name: BM-9, manufactured by Topcon Corporation).
- Example 1 the transparent conductive layer forming coating solution was wire bar coated (wire diameter: 0.075 mm), and the base film backed with the support film was densely filled with ITO.
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film and the Z base film was 3. OgZcm.
- the flexible dispersion-type EL element 1 among the voltage-applying lead OOV, was applied to 400Hz voltage, the dispersion-type EL element is uniformly emitting, was the brightness measurement was 53CdZm 2.
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film and the Z base film was 3.2 gZcm.
- the flexible dispersion-type EL element 1 among the voltage-applying lead OOV, was applied to 400Hz voltage, the dispersion-type EL element is uniformly emitting, was the brightness measurement was 53CdZm 2.
- the base film (PET: thickness 16 ⁇ m) lined with a support film (PET: thickness 100 ⁇ m) through a heat-resistant silicone slightly adhesive layer is heat-shrinked (150 ° CX 15 minutes, Support film Z Base fill Peel strength between two layers: 2.4 gZcm, dimensional change rate during heating (thermal shrinkage): 0.06%, visible light transmittance: 95.0%, haze value: 1.6%, surface resistance: 1500
- a film with a transparent conductive layer according to Example 4 having a transparent conductive layer of ⁇ well was obtained.
- a flexible dispersion type EL device according to Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that this transparent conductive layer-coated film was used.
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film and the Z base film was 3. lgZcm.
- the flexible dispersion-type EL element 1 among the voltage-applying lead 00V, was applied to 400Hz voltage, the dispersion-type EL element is uniformly emitting, was the brightness measurement was 53CdZm 2.
- a transparent conductive layer (film thickness: 1.3 / zm) was formed, and a film with a transparent conductive layer according to Comparative Example 1 was obtained.
- the peel strength between the support film Z and the base film was 2.4 gZcm.
- the dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) during heating was 0.05%.
- the film characteristics of the transparent conductive layer were as follows: visible light transmittance: 84.3%, haze value: 16.1%, and surface resistance value: 20 ⁇ .
- the surface resistance value is measured 1 day after the formation of the transparent conductive layer because it has a tendency to temporarily decrease immediately after curing due to the influence of ultraviolet irradiation during binder curing.
- a flexible dispersive EL element according to Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the base film on which the transparent conductive layer was formed was used.
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film and the Z base film was 3. lgZcm.
- a voltage of 100 V and 400 Hz is applied between the voltage application leads of this flexible distributed EL element, the light emission of the distributed EL element is non-uniform and the luminance is extremely low at about 30 Cd Zm 2. It was.
- Example 1 is the same as Example 1 except that the backing film is not backed, and a PET film of a low heat shrinkage treatment type having a thickness of 100 m and subjected to easy adhesion treatment by corona discharge treatment is used for the base film.
- a transparent conductive layer (thickness: 1. O / zm) composed of finely packed ITO fine particles and a binder is formed on the base film, and the film with a transparent conductive layer according to Comparative Example 2 is formed. Obtained.
- the dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) during heating was 0.4%.
- the transparent conductive layer had a visible light transmittance of 91.3%, a haze value of 2.8%, and a surface resistance value of 52 5 ⁇ . Thereafter, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a dispersion type EL device (PET film Z transparent conductive layer Z phosphor layer Z dielectric layer Z back electrode layer) according to Comparative Example 2.
- Comparative Example 2 instead of a PET film having a transparent conductive layer composed of finely packed ITO fine particles and a binder, a PET film (base film) having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m by sputtering is used. Executed in the same manner as Comparative Example 2 except that a commercially available sputtering ITO film (visible light transmittance: 92.0%, haze value: 0%, surface resistance value: 100 ⁇ inlet) was used. Thus, a dispersion type EL device (PET film Z sputtering ITO layer Z phosphor layer Z dielectric layer Z back electrode layer) according to Comparative Example 3 was obtained. The dimensional change rate (heat shrinkage rate) of the above sputtered ITO film during heating was 0.3%.
- the transmittance and haze value of the above-mentioned sputtering ITO film are values of the ITO layer only, and are obtained by the following calculation formulas 1 and 2, respectively.
- Transmittance of ITO layer (%) [(Transmittance measured with base film on which ITO layer is formed) Transmittance of Z base film] X 100
- the flexible dispersive EL element according to each example (with the support film peeled off) and the dispersive EL element according to each comparative example were placed on a bar with a diameter of 3 mm so that the light emitting surfaces were inside and outside, respectively. After turning around, a voltage of 10 OV, 400 Hz was applied between the voltage application leads of the distributed EL element, and the light emission state of the element was observed. In each example, there was no change in the light emission state.
- Comparative Example 2 because the PET film of the base material was as thick as 100 m, or when it was forcibly wrapped around a 3 mm diameter rod, peeling occurred in some elements, resulting in uneven light emission .
- Comparative Example 3 cracks occurred in the sputtered ITO layer, and light was not emitted in most parts. Comparative Example 1 was not evaluated because the luminescence was originally non-uniform.
- the keystroke durability of the flexible distributed EL element according to each example (with the support film peeled off) and the distributed EL element according to each comparative example was evaluated using a keystroke tester. Specifically, while applying a voltage of 100V and 400Hz between the voltage application leads of the distributed EL element and observing the light emission state of the element, a keystroke test was performed at a load of 300 g to visually check the deterioration of the light emission state. Observed and evaluated. In each Example and Comparative Example 2, there was no change in the light emission state even after 2 million keystrokes. In Comparative Example 3, after one million keystrokes, the sputtered ITO layer cracked and peeled off, and the keystroke portion did not emit light. Comparative Example 1 was evaluated because the light emission was originally non-uniform.
- the coating film for forming the hole injection layer was spin-coated (150 rpm, 100 seconds) on the transparent conductive layer of the transparent conductive layer film comprising the support film Z base film Z transparent conductive layer obtained in Example 1.
- the hole injection layer was formed by heat treatment at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- a coating solution for forming a polymer light emitting layer was spin coated (150 rpm, 60 seconds) on the hole injection layer, and a polymer light emitting layer was formed by vacuum heat treatment at 80 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the hole injection layer-forming coating solution comprises a polystyrene sulfonic acid-doped polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT: PSS) dispersion (Bayer, Vitron P-V P-CH8000) and a binder.
- PEDOT polystyrene sulfonic acid-doped polyethylene dioxythiophene
- ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane 1.0%
- ⁇ -methyl 2-piridone 1.5%
- PGM 5.0%
- the coating solution for forming the polymer light-emitting layer is a solution containing a poly-p-phenylene-phenylene (PPV) polymer as a polymer light-emitting material, specifically, poly [2-methoxy-5 — (3,7,1-dimethyloctyloxy) 1,4 phenol-lenylene]: 0.25%, toluene: 99.7 5%.
- PSV poly-p-phenylene-phenylene
- the base film was easily peeled off at the interface with the support film.
- the peel strength between the support film Z and the base film was 2.7 gZcm.
- the flexible organic EL device according to Example 5 of the present invention uses a film with a transparent conductive layer having a very smooth transparent conductive layer that is extremely excellent in flexibility because it has a thin base film and is rolled. Therefore, it was possible to confirm stable light emission without an electrical short circuit (short circuit) due to the protrusion of the transparent conductive layer (anode electrode layer) when a DC voltage was applied. In addition, even though a very thin base film with a thickness of 6 m is used, it is backed with a support film, so a uniform coating layer is formed in the manufacturing process of the organic EL element. Luminescence was confirmed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic structure of a conventional distributed EL element.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another structure of a conventional distributed EL element.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the flexible dispersive EL element according to the present invention is lined with a support film.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a flexible distributed EL element according to the present invention.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US11/992,933 US8269416B2 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-06-26 | Film with transparent conductive layer, flexible functional element and flexible dispersion-type electroluminescent element, and method for producing the same and electronic device by the use thereof |
CN2006800366346A CN101278363B (zh) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-06-26 | 带有透明导电层的膜和其形成的元件、电子器件及制造方法 |
JP2007538644A JP5190758B2 (ja) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-06-26 | 透明導電層付フィルムとフレキシブル機能性素子、フレキシブル分散型エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びその製造方法並びにそれを用いた電子デバイス |
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JP2012043815A (ja) * | 2007-04-23 | 2012-03-01 | Samsung Mobile Display Co Ltd | 有機発光素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2009028946A (ja) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-02-12 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 光学材料保護用積層体、これを用いたエレクトロルミネッセンス光学素子、及び電気泳動式表示パネル |
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JP2011194728A (ja) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Fujifilm Corp | 機能性フィルムの製造方法 |
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KR101943176B1 (ko) * | 2014-05-16 | 2019-01-28 | 후지필름 가부시키가이샤 | 터치 패널 및 그 제조 방법 |
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Also Published As
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US20090302756A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
JPWO2007039969A1 (ja) | 2009-04-16 |
US8269416B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
CN101278363A (zh) | 2008-10-01 |
JP5190758B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
CN101278363B (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
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