WO2007013453A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007013453A1 WO2007013453A1 PCT/JP2006/314672 JP2006314672W WO2007013453A1 WO 2007013453 A1 WO2007013453 A1 WO 2007013453A1 JP 2006314672 W JP2006314672 W JP 2006314672W WO 2007013453 A1 WO2007013453 A1 WO 2007013453A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- anode
- pressure
- fuel cell
- flow path
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to increase the amount of water discharged from the fuel cell with a simple configuration.
- a first invention is a fuel cell system for achieving the above object
- a fuel cell that receives an anode gas containing hydrogen at the anode and a power sword gas containing oxygen at the power sword to generate power;
- a discharge valve provided downstream of the fuel cell in an anode flow path for supplying and discharging the anode gas to the fuel cell;
- the second invention is the same as the first invention
- the control means opens the discharge valve in a state where the gas pressure is increased by the pressure increasing means.
- a third invention is the first invention
- the control means starts boosting by the boosting means when the discharge valve is opened.
- a fourth invention is any one of the first to third inventions.
- the control means is characterized in that the target value of pressure increase by the pressure increase means is gradually lowered while the discharge valve is being opened.
- a fifth invention is any one of the first to fourth inventions.
- the anode system flow path is
- An anode gas flow path for introducing an anode gas into the anode from an anode gas supply source; and an anode off gas flow path for discharging an anode off gas from the anode;
- a regulator for adjusting the primary pressure of the anode gas in the anode gas flow path to the secondary pressure of the target pressure
- the opening degree of the leguilleter is temporarily increased from the normal time.
- a sixth invention is the fifth invention, wherein
- a pressure sensor for detecting a gas pressure in the anode gas flow path
- the boosting means adjusts the opening degree of the regulator so that the gas pressure in the anode gas channel becomes a target value for boosting.
- a seventh invention is the fifth or sixth invention, wherein
- the anode system flow path is a gas circulation system
- the apparatus further includes a circulation device for introducing the anode off gas into the anode gas passage in addition to the anode off gas passage.
- An eighth invention is the seventh invention, wherein
- the discharge valve is connected to the gas-liquid separator, and has both a function of discharging moisture collected by the gas-liquid separator and a function of exhausting gas in the gas circulation system.
- a ninth invention is the seventh or eighth invention, wherein
- the Regulator is a variable
- a tenth invention is a fuel cell system
- a fuel cell that receives an anode gas containing hydrogen at the anode and a power sword gas containing oxygen at the power sword to generate power;
- a discharge valve provided downstream of the fuel cell in an anode flow path for supplying and discharging the anode gas to the fuel cell;
- a control device that operates the exhaust valve and the pressure booster so that the gas pressure is boosted more than usual during at least one of the periods when the discharge valve is open;
- An eleventh aspect of the invention is the tenth aspect of the invention.
- the control device opens the discharge valve in a state where the gas pressure is increased by the pressure increasing device.
- a twelfth invention is the tenth invention, in which
- the control device starts boosting by the boosting device when the discharge valve is opened.
- the thirteenth invention is the any one of the tenth to twelfth inventions,
- the anode system flow path is
- An anode gas flow path for introducing an anode gas into the anode from an anode gas supply source; and an anode off gas flow path for discharging an anode off gas from the anode.
- the opening degree of the leguilleter is temporarily increased from the normal time.
- the gas flow rate and flow rate in the fuel cell are increased in a state in which the gas pressure in the gas flow path is increased from the normal time by the pressure increasing means, or the discharge valve is opened simultaneously with the start of the pressure increase. It is possible to increase the amount of water accumulated in the fuel cell. Therefore, it is possible to prevent moisture from staying in the fuel cell. As a result, it is possible to prevent the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell from being reduced due to moisture retention.
- a variable regulator provided downstream of the hydrogen cylinder can be used as a boosting means, so that the water content in the fuel cell can be reduced without adding new parts to the system. Can be discharged.
- the gas pressure is increased by the boosting means on the upstream side of the fuel cell, and downstream of the fuel cell. On the side, the gas pressure decreases by opening the discharge valve, so the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of water discharged in the fuel cell.
- the target value of pressure increase by the pressure increasing means is gradually decreased while the discharge valve is open, a sudden pressure change occurs in the gas flow path. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the burden on the fuel cell due to boosting can be reduced, and the reliability and durability of the fuel cell can be improved.
- both drainage from the gas circulation system and exhaust from the gas circulation system can be performed by the discharge valve provided in the gas-liquid separator. Accordingly, the number of parts constituting the system can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the opening timing of the exhaust valve and the inlet pressure Pl and outlet pressure P2.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example in which the target inlet pressure is set by a method different from that in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the exhaust drain valve opening timing and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- an anode gas channel 14 and a force sword gas channel 16 are connected to the fuel cell (FC) 12.
- the anode gas flow path 14 is connected to a hydrogen tank 18 filled with high-pressure hydrogen gas, and a hydrogen-rich anode gas is sent from the hydrogen tank 18 to the anode.
- a pump 20 is provided in the power sword gas flow path 16, and a power sword gas as an oxygen gas containing oxygen is sent to the power sword by driving the pump 20.
- the anode off gas from which the anode force has also been discharged is sent to the anode off gas flow path 24.
- the anode gas flow path 24 is provided with a pump 22, and the anode off gas from which the anode force has been discharged is returned to the anode gas flow path 14 again by driving the pump 22.
- a circulation system is formed in the anode channel.
- Anode off returned to anode gas flow path 14 The gas is sent again to the anode together with the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen tank 18.
- unreacted hydrogen contained in the anode off-gas can be reacted in the fuel cell 12, and the utilization efficiency of hydrogen can be increased.
- the anode off-gas flow path 24 is provided with a gas-liquid separator 26 that collects moisture in the anode off-gas.
- a drain valve 38 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 26. The moisture in the anode off-gas collected in the gas-liquid separator 26 is discharged by opening the drain valve 38.
- An exhaust valve 28 is connected to the anode off-gas passage 24 downstream of the gas-liquid separator 26.
- anode circulation system consisting of the anode off-gas flow path 24 ⁇ anode gas flow path 14 ⁇ fuel cell 12 contains a large amount of impurity components such as nitrogen (N2), purge is performed by opening the exhaust valve 28 intermittently. And discharge these components to the flow path 36.
- impurity components such as nitrogen (N2)
- the impurity concentration in the anode circulation system is detected or estimated, and when the impurity concentration exceeds a predetermined value, the exhaust valve 28 is intermittently opened, and these impurities are discharged together with the anode off-gas. .
- the exhaust valve 28 is intermittently opened, and these impurities are discharged together with the anode off-gas.
- the output (voltage value, current value) of the fuel cell 12 decreases when impurities such as nitrogen contained in the anode circulation system increase, the output of the fuel cell 12 is monitored and the output is predetermined. When the value falls below the reference value, the exhaust valve 28 may be opened to discharge impurities.
- the force sword off gas discharged through the force sword force passes through the force sword off gas flow path 30 and is finally discharged from the muffler 32.
- the force sword off gas passage 30 is provided with a control valve 31 for adjusting the pressure in the force sword.
- a diluter 34 is provided upstream of the muffler 32.
- a flow path 36 is connected to the diluter 34, and hydrogen in the anode off-gas discharged from the exhaust valve 28 together with impurities such as nitrogen is diluted by the diluter 34 and discharged to the outside.
- a regulator 46 is provided downstream of the hydrogen tank 18.
- the regulator 46 adjusts the pressure of the anode gas at the inlet of the fuel cell 12 to the required appropriate pressure.
- Regulator 46 is an electromagnetic valve that can be driven at high frequency and the valve opening time can be changed continuously.
- a valve having a valve (variable orifice) or a diaphragm valve and capable of changing the movement of the diaphragm may be used.
- a pressure sensor 42 is connected to the anode gas flow path 14 downstream of the regulator 46. Further, a pressure sensor 44 is connected to the anode off gas flow path 24 downstream of the connection portion with the exhaust valve 28.
- the pressure sensor 42 detects the pressure of the anode gas at the inlet of the fuel cell 12 (inlet pressure P1), and the pressure sensor 44 detects the pressure of the anode off gas at the outlet of the fuel cell 12 (outlet pressure P2 (primary pressure of the exhaust valve 28)). ) Is detected.
- the system of the present embodiment includes an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 40.
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- various sensors (not shown) for detecting the output (voltage value, current value) of the fuel cell 12 and the like are provided in addition to the pressure sensors 42 and 44 described above for grasping the operation state of the system. Is connected.
- the ECU 40 is connected to the aforementioned regulator 46, drain valve 38, exhaust valve 28, and the like.
- the exhaust valve 28 is opened in a predetermined case to increase the gas flow rate and flow velocity of the anode circulation system, thereby generating the generated water. Is discharged from the fuel cell 12 to the anode offgas passage 24.
- the generated water stays in the fuel cell 12, the supply of the anode gas to the electrolyte membrane is hindered, and the output (voltage value, current value) of the fuel cell 12 is reduced. Therefore, even when the exhaust valve 28 is opened for the purpose of draining water in the fuel cell 12, control can be performed based on the output of the fuel cell 12. For example, the output of the fuel cell 12 is less than a predetermined value. In such a case, it is preferable to discharge the generated water staying in the fuel cell 12 by opening the exhaust valve 28.
- the opening degree of the regulator 46 is temporarily made larger than usual in synchronization with the opening timing of the exhaust valve 28, so that the fuel cell 12
- the pressure of the anode gas sent to is increased from the normal time.
- the flow rate and flow rate of the node gas increase, and the generated water in the fuel cell 12 can be discharged in a short time. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency due to moisture remaining in the fuel cell 12, and it is possible to improve system efficiency and fuel consumption.
- the pressure of the anode gas is By increasing the pressure, the flow rate and flow rate of the anode gas can be increased, so that the valve opening time of the exhaust valve 28 when discharging the water generated in the fuel cell 12 can be minimized. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize the amount of unreacted hydrogen in the anode off-gas discharged from the flow path 36, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in system efficiency and fuel consumption.
- Exhaust valve 28 is required.
- the flow rate of the exhaust gas can be increased by increasing the anode gas, so that a desired exhaust gas flow rate can be ensured even when the exhaust valve 28 is downsized. Therefore, the exhaust valve 28 can be further downsized as compared with the case where the anode off gas is not boosted, the mounting space for the exhaust valve 28 can be reduced, and the component cost can be reduced.
- the anode gas is boosted using the regulator 46 that is normally provided in the fuel cell system 10, it is not necessary to add new components for boosting. Therefore, it is possible to construct a system that discharges the water in the fuel cell 12 without increasing the manufacturing cost.
- FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the valve opening timing of the exhaust valve 28 and the inlet pressure P 1 and outlet pressure P 2 detected by the pressure sensors 42 and 44.
- FIG. 2 (A) shows a case where the pressure of the anode gas is increased in accordance with the timing of opening the exhaust valve 28 by the method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 (B) shows a case where the normal pressure is maintained without increasing the pressure of the anode gas when the exhaust valve 28 is opened.
- the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 are shown by solid lines. Also, in this embodiment, the opening degree of the regulator 46 is adjusted based on the target value (target inlet pressure) of the inlet pressure PI.
- the target inlet pressure is indicated by a broken line together with the inlet pressure P1. Has been. As shown in FIG. 2, pressure loss occurs in the fuel cell 12, so that the outlet pressure P2 is lower than the inlet pressure P1.
- the target inlet pressure is set to PO, and the inlet pressure P1 is controlled to the pressure PO.
- the target inlet pressure is determined according to the system operating conditions such as the output of the fuel cell 12 and the temperature of the fuel cell 12, and is adjusted to a constant value P 0 except when the exhaust valve 28 is opened. More specifically, the pressure PO is adjusted to a lower pressure as long as the fuel cell 12 can be operated sufficiently. As a result, the burden on the fuel cell 12 due to the pressure of the anode gas can be suppressed, the cross leak of hydrogen gas in the fuel cell 12 can be suppressed, and the durability reliability of the electrolyte membrane in the fuel cell 12 can be improved. is there.
- the exhaust valve 28 is opened at time tl and closed at time t2.
- the target inlet pressure is increased to a value larger than P0 at the time tO before the time tl when the exhaust valve 28 is opened.
- the opening degree of the regulator 46 is temporarily set larger than the normal time at the time tO, and both the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 increase after the time tO.
- the inlet pressure P1 eventually reaches the target inlet pressure that has been increased.
- the exhaust valve 28 is opened at time tl.
- the set pressure of the regulator 46 is set higher than usual, and pressure loss occurs in the fuel cell 12, and the fuel cell 12 is a buffer space and gas Therefore, immediately after the exhaust valve 28 is opened at the time tl, the increased inlet pressure P1 does not immediately decrease and the increased pressure P1 continues. ing.
- the target inlet pressure is set to PO, and the opening degree of the regulator 46 is returned to the normal state.
- the inlet pressure P1 is controlled to the pressure PO.
- the pressure of the anode gas is increased only when moisture in the fuel cell 12 is discharged.
- the system can be operated in a state in which Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cross leak in the fuel cell 12 that does not require the anode gas pressure during normal operation to be set high in order to improve the drainage performance of the fuel cell 12, thereby improving the efficiency of the system. Can be increased. Further, by reducing the anode gas pressure during normal operation, the differential pressure between the anode and the power sword of the fuel cell 12 and the differential pressure between the anode and the external pressure can be reduced. It is possible to improve the reliability and durability.
- the target inlet pressure is always a constant value PO, and the inlet pressure P1 is not increased when the exhaust valve 28 is opened, so the flow velocity from the exhaust valve 28 is slow. Therefore, the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 decrease with the opening of the exhaust valve 28, and the inlet pressure after time tl The rate of decrease of mouth pressure PI and outlet pressure P2 is about the same. Therefore, the differential pressure ⁇ 12 between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 is smaller than that in the case of FIG. For this reason, the gas flow rate and flow velocity in the fuel cell 12 are lower than in the case of FIG. 2 (A), and the generated water staying in the fuel cell 12 cannot be discharged reliably.
- the generated water staying in the fuel cell 12 can be reliably discharged, and the power generation efficiency is improved. Deterioration can be reliably prevented.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example in which the target inlet pressure is set by a method different from that in FIG.
- the inlet pressure P1 is increased up to time tl in the same way as in Fig. 2 (A), and after a predetermined time T has elapsed from time tl, the target inlet pressure is increased to a predetermined value higher than PO.
- the target inlet pressure is reduced in two stages after time tl.
- the outlet pressure P2 decreases with the opening of the exhaust valve 28, and the gas flow rate and flow velocity in the fuel cell 12 become the largest immediately after the exhaust valve 28 is opened, so that a predetermined time T has elapsed from the time tl. Even if the target inlet pressure is lowered later, the fuel cell 12 can be drained during the predetermined time T. In addition, since the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 inevitably decrease with the passage of time by opening the exhaust valve 28, there is no problem even if the target inlet pressure is decreased. Therefore, according to the method of FIG. 3 (A), after the exhaust valve 28 is opened, the target inlet pressure is reduced in a short time, thereby minimizing the time during which the gas pressure in the fuel cell 12 is increased.
- FIG. 3 (B) shows that the target inlet pressure is gradually increased at a predetermined rate during the pressure increase, and the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 are maximized at the time tl when the exhaust valve 28 is opened. Is. Further, after time tl, the target inlet pressure is gradually reduced, and the target inlet pressure is returned to PO in the vicinity of time t2 when the exhaust valve 28 is closed. In this case, since there is no sudden pressure change at the time of pressure increase, the mechanical load on the fuel cell 12 can be reduced, and the peak of the target inlet pressure can be reduced. The value can be set higher. As a result, the initial exhaust flow rate immediately after opening the exhaust valve 18 can be increased, and the pressure drop of the outlet pressure P2 can be further increased.
- the differential pressure ⁇ 12 becomes larger and the gas flow rate and flow velocity in the fuel cell 12 can be increased, so that the water staying in the fuel cell 12 can be reliably discharged in a short time.
- the target inlet pressure is gradually reduced after time tl, the pressure increase of the gas in the fuel cell 12 during the valve opening period of the exhaust valve 28 can be minimized, and the occurrence of cross leak is suppressed.
- the reliability and durability of the fuel cell 12 can be improved.
- the pressure change after the exhaust valve 28 is opened can be moderated, so that a sudden pressure change to the fuel cell 12 can be suppressed, and the pressure change The generation of mechanical load on the fuel cell 12 due to the above can be suppressed.
- FIG. 3 (C) shows a case where the target inlet pressure is increased from the time tl when the exhaust valve 28 is opened.
- the inlet pressure P1 increases after the time tl, and the outlet pressure P2 decreases due to the exhaust from the exhaust valve 28. Therefore, the differential pressure ⁇ 12 between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 can be increased, and the gas flow rate and flow velocity in the fuel cell 12 can be increased. As a result, the generated water staying in the fuel cell 12 can be reliably discharged.
- the opening of the regulator 46 is adjusted to increase the pressure of the anode gas.
- the pressure difference ⁇ 12 between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 of 12 can be increased. Accordingly, the flow rate and flow rate of the anode gas in the fuel cell 12 can be increased, and the water remaining in the fuel cell 12 can be reliably discharged. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the power generation efficiency from being reduced due to the retention of the produced water in the fuel cell 12.
- Embodiment 1 in order to increase the utilization efficiency of hydrogen, the power used to implement the present invention in a gas circulation system that circulates the anode off gas to the anode again is used.
- the fuel cell system is not limited to this. That is, in the dead end type fuel cell system, the present invention may be implemented by opening and closing a discharge valve provided in the anode off-gas flow path.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 10.
- FIG. 4 in the system of the second embodiment, an exhaust / drain valve 48 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 26.
- the exhaust / drain valve 48 is connected to the diluter 34 via the flow path 50.
- the exhaust drain valve 48 has a function of discharging both moisture and impurity gases such as nitrogen from the anode circulation system. Therefore, the exhaust valve 28 in FIG. 1 is not provided in the system of FIG.
- Other configurations of the system of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 2 when the anode circulation system contains many impurity components such as nitrogen (N2) and water (H20), these components are removed by intermittently opening the exhaust drain valve 48. Discharge to channel 50.
- nitrogen nitrogen
- H20 water
- the exhaust drain valve 48 is opened to avoid dropping below the value.
- the moisture collected in the gas-liquid separator 26 is first discharged to the flow path 50, and then the anode off gas in the anode off gas flow path 24 is exhausted to the flow path 50.
- the anode off-gas discharged to the flow path 50 is diluted by the diluter 34 and sent to the muffler 32 as in the first embodiment.
- the exhaust drain valve 48 since the exhaust drain valve 48 has a function of discharging both moisture and impurity gas in the anode off-gas, only one exhaust drain valve 48 is provided. Thus, it is possible to discharge both moisture and impurity gas contained in the anode off gas. Therefore, the number of parts constituting the system can be minimized, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the exhaust drain valve 48 when the water staying in the fuel cell 12 is discharged, the exhaust drain valve 48 is used with the gas pressure in the anode circulation system increased by the control of the regulator 46. Is opened. As a result, due to the differential pressure ⁇ 12 between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2, the water remaining in the fuel cell 12 can be discharged to the anode off-gas flow path 24. As in the first embodiment, the determination as to whether or not moisture is retained in the fuel cell 12 can be made based on the output of the fuel cell 12.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the valve opening timing of the exhaust / drain valve 48 and the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 42, 44.
- the eye is The mark inlet pressure is increased.
- the exhaust / drain valve 48 is opened at time tl.
- time t3 indicates the time when the discharge of moisture from the gas-liquid separator 26 is completed.
- the water in the gas-liquid separator 26 is exhausted to the flow path 50 until the time tl force is also until t3, and no gas is exhausted from the anode circulation system. Therefore, the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 The value does not change the boosted state force.
- the anode off-gas is discharged to the flow path 50, so that the inlet pressure Pl and the outlet pressure P2 change. That is, in the second embodiment, the anode off-gas is discharged after time t3. Focusing on the time when the anode off-gas is discharged, the time t3 in the second embodiment corresponds to the time tl in the first embodiment. ing.
- the inlet pressure P1 is increased, and the outlet pressure P2 decreases due to the exhaust from the exhaust discharge valve 48. Therefore, for the same reason as in the first embodiment, the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 The differential pressure ⁇ ⁇ 12 increases. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the gas flow rate and flow rate in the fuel cell 12 can be increased, and the water remaining in the fuel cell 12 can be discharged to the anode off-gas flow path 24. As a result, it is possible to reliably suppress a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 12 due to the retention of generated water.
- the outlet pressure P2 decreases after time t3, it is possible to determine whether or not the force has reached time t3 based on the outlet pressure P2. Therefore, for example, when control is performed to close the exhaust / drain valve 48 after a predetermined time has elapsed from time t3, it is preferable to determine the arrival of time t3 based on the outlet pressure P2.
- a sensor for detecting the gas pressure in the flow path 50 is provided, and this sensor detects The arrival of time t3 may be determined based on the value.
- the target inlet pressure can be controlled as in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment. Can change.
- the time t3 of the second embodiment corresponds to the time tl of the first embodiment as described above, when the target inlet pressure is controlled as shown in FIG.
- the target inlet pressure may be reduced after T has elapsed.
- control is performed so that the target inlet pressure reaches the peak value at time t3, and when performing the control of Fig. 3 (C), the target inlet pressure is controlled after time t3. It is suitable to increase the pressure.
- the exhaust drain valve 48 when the exhaust drain valve 48 is opened in the system including the exhaust discharge valve 48 having the function of discharging both moisture and impurity gas, Since the anode gas pressure is increased by adjusting the opening degree of the regulator 46, the differential pressure ⁇ ⁇ 12 between the inlet pressure P1 and the outlet pressure P2 of the fuel cell 12 can be increased. Therefore, the flow rate and flow rate of the anode gas in the fuel cell 12 can be increased, and the water remaining in the fuel cell 12 can be reliably discharged. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the power generation efficiency from being reduced due to the retention of the generated water in the fuel cell 12.
- a fuel cell that receives power of an anode gas containing hydrogen at an anode and a power sword gas containing oxygen at a power sword to generate electric power;
- a discharge valve provided downstream of the fuel cell in a gas circulation system for supplying the anode gas to the fuel cell;
- a pressure increasing means provided upstream of the fuel cell in the gas circulation system for increasing the gas pressure in the gas circulation system
- a fuel cell system comprising:
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/988,234 US8158298B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-25 | Fuel cell system |
CN2006800276250A CN101233645B (zh) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-25 | 燃料电池系统 |
DE112006001934.1T DE112006001934B4 (de) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-25 | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
JP2007528476A JP4807357B2 (ja) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-25 | 燃料電池システム |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-217097 | 2005-07-27 | ||
JP2005217097 | 2005-07-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007013453A1 true WO2007013453A1 (ja) | 2007-02-01 |
Family
ID=37683348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/314672 WO2007013453A1 (ja) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-25 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8158298B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4807357B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101233645B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006001934B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007013453A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
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JP2009087568A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010129207A (ja) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US7807308B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-10-05 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Fuel cell system and start-up method |
JP2010272439A (ja) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
WO2018062142A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システムの制御方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
JPWO2017042979A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-07-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの制御装置及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP2018137145A (ja) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
JP2019160557A (ja) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
CN110289436A (zh) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统和燃料电池系统的控制方法 |
JP2022022560A (ja) * | 2020-06-26 | 2022-02-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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DE102009026590A1 (de) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Erkennung des Verlassens eines Betriebsbereiches eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Einleiten der notwendigen Schritte |
US8701468B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2014-04-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Flow estimation based on anode pressure response in fuel cell system |
KR20130082305A (ko) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템 내에서 기액 분리 기능을 제공하는 하이브리드 소음기 |
CN104170141B (zh) * | 2012-03-15 | 2017-05-03 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
US10038208B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2018-07-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
JP6135642B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-05-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、および、燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
US9991531B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2018-06-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
DE102017219045A1 (de) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-04-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Entfernung von Produktwasser aus einer Brennstoffzelle |
EP3570356B1 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2021-01-20 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
CN110676484A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 车辆、燃料电池的氢气循环系统及氢气循环控制方法 |
WO2020039353A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Fuel cell with protection from pressure imbalance |
GB2594893B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2022-05-18 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Evaporatively cooled fuel cell systems with cathode exhaust turbine boost |
AT522522B1 (de) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-06-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Wasser aus dem Brennstoffzellensystem |
DE102019207310A1 (de) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-11-26 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Starten eines Brennstoffzellensystems bei Vorliegen von Froststartbedingungen |
JP7163903B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-11-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその掃気方法 |
CN112797319B (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-27 | 河南氢枫能源技术有限公司 | 一种加氢系统的使用方法 |
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CN114361539B (zh) * | 2022-01-04 | 2024-01-09 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 尾排循环系统的排气控制方法及其排液控制方法 |
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JP2003173807A (ja) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-20 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 |
JP2003297402A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電装置 |
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DE10311785A1 (de) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung von zu reduzierendem Reaktionsstoff für einen Anodenbereich einer Brennstoffzelle |
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JP4037355B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-17 | 2008-01-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池の排出装置 |
JP4513119B2 (ja) | 2003-12-25 | 2010-07-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
-
2006
- 2006-07-25 JP JP2007528476A patent/JP4807357B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-25 DE DE112006001934.1T patent/DE112006001934B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-25 CN CN2006800276250A patent/CN101233645B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-25 US US11/988,234 patent/US8158298B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-25 WO PCT/JP2006/314672 patent/WO2007013453A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2002246045A (ja) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2003151588A (ja) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-23 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料循環式燃料電池システム |
JP2003173807A (ja) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-20 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 |
JP2003297402A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電装置 |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7807308B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-10-05 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Fuel cell system and start-up method |
CN101399358B (zh) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-01-11 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 燃料电池系统和启动方法 |
JP2009087568A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010129207A (ja) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010272439A (ja) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
EP2264820A1 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-22 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
US8722268B2 (en) | 2009-05-25 | 2014-05-13 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system including an air pressure-driven ejector |
JPWO2017042979A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-07-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの制御装置及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP2018055872A (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システムの制御方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
WO2018062142A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システムの制御方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
JP2018137145A (ja) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
JP2019160557A (ja) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
JP7155550B2 (ja) | 2018-03-13 | 2022-10-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
CN110289436A (zh) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-27 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统和燃料电池系统的控制方法 |
JP2022022560A (ja) * | 2020-06-26 | 2022-02-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP7211400B2 (ja) | 2020-06-26 | 2023-01-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101233645A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
DE112006001934B4 (de) | 2020-10-08 |
US8158298B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
US20090226783A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
CN101233645B (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
DE112006001934T5 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
JPWO2007013453A1 (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
JP4807357B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
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