WO2007007852A1 - 発泡樹脂シートおよび液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
発泡樹脂シートおよび液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007007852A1 WO2007007852A1 PCT/JP2006/314006 JP2006314006W WO2007007852A1 WO 2007007852 A1 WO2007007852 A1 WO 2007007852A1 JP 2006314006 W JP2006314006 W JP 2006314006W WO 2007007852 A1 WO2007007852 A1 WO 2007007852A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- resin sheet
- foamed resin
- resin
- volume ratio
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0284—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in reflection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
- F21V7/24—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by the material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
- F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
- G02B5/0247—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of voids or pores
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a foamed resin sheet, a direct-type backlight unit using the foamed resin sheet as an optical sheet, and a direct-type backlight type liquid crystal display device including the backlight unit.
- a lighting device used for various liquid crystal display devices such as a liquid crystal television
- a light source is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal display panel, and light from the light source is liquid crystal via a light guide plate made of acrylic resin or the like.
- a sidelight method for irradiating a display panel and a direct type method in which a light source is arranged on the back of a liquid crystal display panel.
- liquid crystal display devices have become larger.
- lighting devices for large-screen liquid crystal display devices the use of direct-type lighting devices, which do not increase in weight and are easy to increase in brightness, is increasing.
- a liquid crystal display device using a direct type illumination device includes a liquid crystal display panel, a plurality of linear light sources that illuminate the liquid crystal display panel, and light from the light source disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel with respect to the light source And a light diffusing plate that is disposed between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel and uniformly diffuses the light from the light source and the light reflected by the light reflecting plate over the entire surface of the liquid crystal display panel.
- Light reflector Z Light source / Light diffuser / Liquid crystal display panel.
- one or more light adjusting films are disposed between the light diffusion plate and the liquid crystal display panel.
- the light reflector examples include a light reflector formed by depositing a metal vapor deposition film on the surface of a substrate such as metal to form a metal mirror surface, and a light reflector made of a film containing a white pigment such as titanium oxide.
- a metal vapor deposition film on the surface of a substrate such as metal to form a metal mirror surface
- a light reflector made of a film containing a white pigment such as titanium oxide.
- the light reflector with a metal mirror surface has high reflectivity, but the reflection is regular reflection ', so the reflected light does not emit light in the front direction of the display.
- a light reflector made of a film containing a white pigment needs to increase the amount of pigment added in order to suppress light leakage to the back surface.
- white pigment absorbs light of a specific wavelength, if the amount added to the film is increased, the increase in light loss cannot be ignored, and there is a problem that the reflectance decreases or the reflected light becomes yellowish.
- Japanese Patent No. 2 9 2 5 7 4 5 proposes a light reflector made of a thermoplastic polyester foam sheet.
- a thermoplastic polyester resin sheet was impregnated with a high-pressure inert gas, and then the resin was heated and foamed under normal pressure so that bubbles were contained in the resin instead of the white pigment.
- a light reflector made of such a polyester foam sheet has a drawback that sufficient reflectivity cannot be obtained.
- 2 05-15-1500 51 discloses a reflector in which a light-resistant layer is provided on at least one surface of a polycarbonate resin foam layer.
- This publication describes a foamed sheet obtained by foaming a block copolymer of polypolysiloxane and polysiloxane as a polycarbonate resin foamed layer.
- This foamed sheet is expensive. Although it has reflectivity, foaming is not stable at the time of production, and there are problems that a plurality of bubbles are connected to form cracks, and that the sheet has poor heat resistance and wear resistance.
- a light reflector that has high reflectivity, can maintain the color tone of light emitted from the light source, and can suppress periodic luminance unevenness caused by a plurality of linear light sources is not yet known.
- the light diffusing plate for example, a resin composition in which calcium carbonate and titanium oxide are added to a polycarbonate resin in JP-A No. 03-3877.
- No. 2 discloses a resin composition in which calcium carbonate or a crosslinked polyacrylate resin is added to a polystrandone resin
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-888.09 discloses a bead-like crosslinked acryl resin in a polycarbonate resin.
- the compounded resin composition further Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 09-282086 discloses resin compositions obtained by adding a bead-like crosslinked acrylic resin and a fluorescent brightening agent to a polycarbonate resin.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2 0 2 -1 1 6 3 0 6 discloses a light diffusion sheet made of synthetic resin containing fine bubbles dispersed therein, and such a light diffusion sheet is used as a backlight unit for a liquid crystal display device. It is shown that it can be used as an optical sheet in such a case.
- the light reflecting plate and the light diffusing plate used in the liquid crystal display device that has been increased in screen size as described above are required to have uniform performance over a large area.
- a light reflecting plate or light diffusing plate that exhibits a uniform and excellent performance with respect to the diffuse reflectance of visible light or the transmittance and diffusibility of visible light over a large area is not yet known.
- manufacture of light reflectors is delivered in the form of a roll of sheets with a width of about 1 to 2 m, lengths of about 100 to 1,00 m from the viewpoint of manufacturing costs and transportation costs.
- the rotated form is considered to be advantageous, a light reflector that exhibits uniform and excellent performance with respect to the diffuse reflectance of visible light over such a large area has not yet been known. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a light reflector that exhibits uniform and excellent performance over a large area with respect to diffuse reflection of visible light, and a light diffuser that exhibits uniform and excellent performance over a large area with respect to transmittance and diffusibility of visible light, And a direct backlight unit having at least one of the light reflector and light diffusing plate, and a direct backlight liquid crystal display device including the direct backlight unit. It was made for the purpose. As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that there is a foamed resin sheet containing closed cells, the closed cells having a specific average diameter and a specific volume ratio. It has been found that it has excellent light reflectivity or light transmittance for visible light and is excellent in light diffusivity, and has completed the present invention.
- the above object of the present invention is as follows.
- the diffuse reflectance is 80% or more and the reflection haze (Haze) value is 95% or more. This is achieved by a foamed resin sheet characterized by being used as a light reflecting plate.
- the above object of the present invention is to provide closed cells having an average diameter of 30 to 100 / xm, a bubble volume ratio of 10 90 V o 1%, and an average diameter of closed cells to be X
- ( ⁇ m) and the bubble volume ratio are Y (vo 1%) the following equation is satisfied, the total light transmittance is 50% or more, and the Ha ze value is 95% or more. It is achieved by a foamed resin sheet characterized by being used as a light diffusing plate.
- the above object of the present invention is to provide a light reflector, A light source and a light diffusing plate, wherein the light reflecting plate or the light diffusing plate is any one of the above foamed resin sheets. This is achieved by the characteristic direct backlight unit.
- the object of the present invention is finally achieved by a direct-type backlight type liquid crystal display device comprising the direct-type backlight unit.
- the foamed resin sheet of the present invention contains closed cells dispersed in a shelf matrix.
- the average diameter of the closed cells is 0.1 to 5 m or 30 to 100 zm.
- the foamed resin sheet of the present invention containing such closed cells can exhibit a large light scattering effect, and is therefore suitably used as, for example, an optical sheet of a direct type backlight type liquid crystal display device.
- the optical sheet include a light reflecting plate and a light diffusing plate.
- a foam shelf sheet in a mode suitable for use as a light reflection plate may be referred to as “light reflection plate of the present invention”, while a foam resin in a mode suitable for use as a light diffusion plate.
- the sheet is sometimes referred to as “the light diffusing plate of the present invention”.
- the thickness of the light reflecting plate of the present invention is 0.1 to: L 0 mm, and preferably 0.5 to 5 mm.
- the number average diameter of the closed cells contained in the light reflector of the present invention is in the range of 0.1 to 5 zm, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 3 m, and 0.3 to 2 / m. More preferably, it is in the range. If the number average diameter of closed cells exceeds 5 m, the diffuse reflectance of the foamed resin sheet may be insufficient, which may be undesirable as a light reflecting plate.
- the number average diameter of closed cells is the average value of each bubble converted to the diameter of a circle having the same area as the cross section. From the image of the cross section of the foamed resin sheet taken with a scanning electron microscope I can know.
- the volume ratio of bubbles of the light reflector of the present invention that is, the total number of closed cells in the resin sheet.
- the proportion of the total volume is 5 to 90 vol%. If this value is less than 5 V o 1%, the diffuse reflectance of the resulting resin sheet may be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 90 vo 1%, the mechanical properties of the resulting resin sheet will be impaired. This is not preferable.
- the value of the bubble volume ratio is in the range of 5 to 45 V o 1%, preferably in the range of 8 to 44 vol%, more preferably in the range of 10 to 43%
- the number average diameter X ( ⁇ ) of closed cells Preferably, the relationship between the bubble volume ratio ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ 1%) and the sheet thickness T (mm) satisfies the following formula (1) or (2).
- the relationship between the number average diameter X ( ⁇ m) of closed cells, the volume ratio Y (vo 1%) and the sheet thickness T (mm) satisfies the following formula (3) or (4): Is more preferable.
- the value of the bubble volume ratio is more than 45 vo 1% and less than 46 vo 1% or 4 6 to 90 V o 1%, preferably 46.5 to 85 V o In the range of 1%, more preferably in the range of 47-80vo l%, the number average diameter X (xm), bubble volume ratio Y (vo 1%), and sheet thickness T (mm) It is preferable that the relationship satisfies the following formula (5).
- the diffuse reflectance refers to the total intensity of all diffuse reflection components of the light reflected at an incident angle of 0 ° (perpendicular to the measurement surface of the sample) relative to the reflected light from the barium sulfate white plate. Value)), which means the value obtained by integrating and averaging this value in the measurement wavelength range of 400 to 800 nm.
- the reflection haze value refers to the ratio of the integrated value of the amount of light reflected at an angle different from the incident angle to the total reflection amount when the reflector reflects light incident at an incident angle of 45 °.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention has a diffuse reflectance of 80% or more, preferably 83% or more. is there.
- the upper limit of the diffuse reflectance is not particularly limited, but the diffuse reflectance value is preferably 100% or less, and even if it is 95% or less, it can be suitably used as a light reflector.
- the reflection value is 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, and more preferably 99% or more.
- Such high diffuse reflectance and high reflection ratio are determined by the number average diameter X (m), bubble volume ratio Y (vo 1%), and sheet thickness T (mm) of the closed cell contained in the foamed resin sheet. The above relationship can be realized as described above.
- the above diffuse reflectance and reflection haze value are uniform over a very wide area range.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention has a diffuse reflection at the center point that is the difference between the average value of the diffuse reflectance at two points 450 mm away from the center point in the width direction and the diffuse reflectance at the center point.
- the value divided by the rate can be within Sat 0.05, and can be within ⁇ 0.03, especially within 0.02.
- the value obtained by dividing the average value of the reflection haze at the two points separated by 450 mm in the width direction from the center point in the width direction of the light reflecting plate of the present invention by the reflection haze at the center point is 0.95 to 1. .05, and can also be from 0.97 to 1.03, in particular from 0.99 to 1.01.
- “width direction” means a direction parallel to the short side of the light reflecting plate. '
- the light reflector of the present invention is not only suitable for use in a large-screen liquid crystal display device, but also has a width of preferably 1 to 2 m and a length of preferably 100 to 1,000 m. It is manufactured as a sheet and can be stored, transported and delivered in the form of a roll wound, contributing to reductions in manufacturing costs, storage costs, transport costs, and the like.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention contains closed cells dispersed in a resin matrix.
- a larger light scattering L effect can be obtained by increasing the refractive index difference between the matrix shelf and the closed cells.
- argon, hydrogen, oxygen, Butane can be used.
- the material constituting the matrix resin of the light reflecting plate of the present invention is preferably a polycarbonate resin.
- Such poly-strength Ponate resin is preferably obtained, for example, by reacting dihydric phenol with a striking Ponate precursor by an interfacial polymerization method or a melt polymerization method.
- divalent phenol examples include, for example, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (commonly called “bisphenol A”), 2,2-bis ⁇ ((4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenol. Dil ⁇ propane, 2,2 bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) 1-3-methylbutane, 2,2 bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3 —Dimethylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-methylpentane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) 1,3, 3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 9,9-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl ⁇ fluorene, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -m-disop pill benzene etc. Is mentioned. Of these, bisphenol A is preferred. These divalent phenols can be used alone or in
- Examples of the carbonate precursor include carbonyl halides, victonate esters, and eight-mouth formate. Specific examples thereof include phosgene, diphenylcaponate, and dihaloformate of divalent phenol.
- a catalyst, a terminal terminator, or a dihydric phenol antioxidant may be used as necessary. Etc. may be used.
- the polycarbonate resin may be a branched polycarbonate resin, a polyester carbonate resin, or the like.
- the branched polystrength monoponate resin can be obtained by copolymerizing a polyfunctional aromatic compound having three or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in addition to the divalent phenol and the striking monoponate precursor.
- the above-mentioned polyester carbonate resin It can be obtained by copolymerizing an aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compound. '
- the polystrand resin used as a material for the light reflecting plate of the present invention does not have a polysiloxane block.
- the polycarbonate resin used as the material of the light reflecting plate of the present invention may be a mixture obtained by mixing two or more of the polycarbonate resins obtained as described above.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin is preferably 10,000 to 40,000 in terms of viscosity average molecular weight, and more preferably 15 to 3,000 to 3,500.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (M) as used in the present invention was determined by substituting the specific viscosity (7 sp ) at 20 ° C. measured for a solution obtained by dissolving 0.7 g of a polycarbonate resin in 10 OmL of methylene chloride into the following formula. Is.
- the polycarbonate resin used as the material of the light reflecting plate of the present invention has other components within the range that does not impair the object and effect of the present invention.
- an optical brightener, a heat stabilizer, a release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a blooming agent, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid and the like may be blended as necessary.
- the fluorescent whitening agent can be blended to improve the color tone of the polycarbonate resin to white or bluish white, whereby the brightness of the liquid crystal display device using the light reflecting plate of the present invention is further improved. is there.
- the fluorescent whitening agent has the action of absorbing energy in the ultraviolet part of the light from the light source and emitting this energy as visible light. .
- optical brighteners examples include stilbenzene compounds, benzimidazole compounds, benzoxazole compounds, naphthalimide compounds, and rhodamine compounds. Products, coumarin compounds, and oxazine compounds. Of these, a benzoxazole compound or a coumarin compound is preferable. These fluorescent brighteners may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These commercial products include, for example, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Carite OS (CIF luo resc'ent Bri gh tner 219: 1, benzoxazole compound), Hatsukoru Chemical Co., Ltd. Hatsukoru PSR (Coumarin) Compound), Eastman Chemical EASTOBR I TE OB-1 and the like.
- the blending ratio of the optical brightener is preferably 3 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.0001 to 3 parts by weight, even more preferably 0.0002 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin used. 0.5 part by weight, particularly preferably 0.0003 to 0.1 part by weight, and particularly preferably 0.0005 to 0.05 part by weight.
- a light reflector obtained from a polycarbonate resin containing a fluorescent whitening agent in the above range exhibits sufficient surface light emission when used in a backlight unit, and the light emitting surface has a more color tone. It is preferable because it is improved and there is no unevenness in hue (hue).
- the heat stabilizer can be blended in order to prevent a decrease in molecular weight and a deterioration in hue when molding a polycarbonate resin.
- heat stabilizers include phosphorous acid, phosphoric acid, phosphonous acid and phosphonic acid, and ester compounds thereof. .
- heat stabilizers include phosphite compounds such as triphenyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, didecyl monophenyl phosphite.
- phosphite compounds such as triphenyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, didecyl monophenyl phosphite.
- Phyto Dioctyl monophenyl phosphite, Diisopropyl monophenyl phosphite, Monoptyl diphenyl phosphite, Monodecyl diphen
- Examples of phosphonous acid ester compounds include tetrakis (2,4-zy is 0-propylphenyl) 1,4,-biphenyl dirange phosphonite, tetrakis (2,4-di-n-butylphenyl) 1,4, 4 , -Biphenyl dirange phosphonite, tetrakis (2, 4-di-tert-butyl phenyl) 1, 4, 4 '—Phiphen di-range phosphonite, tetrakis (2, 4-di-tert-butyl phenyl) — 4, 3' -Biphenyl dirange phosphonite, tetrakis (2,4-ji tert-butyl phenyl) 1,3,3'-biphenyl dirange phosphonite, tetrakis (2,6-diiso-propyl phenyl) 1,4,4, bibi Dirange phosphonite, tetrakis (2,6-di-n
- Examples of phosphonic acid ester compounds include dimethyl benzenephosphonate, jetyl benzenephosphonate, and dipropyl benzenephosphonate. Among them, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, distearyl pentaerythris Lithyl diphosphite, trimethyl phosphate, tetrakis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 1,4,4-biphenylenediphosphonite or bis (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) -biphenylphosphonite are preferred. These heat stabilizers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of such heat stabilizer used is 0 to 100 parts by weight of polycarbonate resin. The amount is preferably 5 parts by weight or less, and more preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight.
- the above releasing agent can be blended for the purpose of improving the releasing property from the metal roll when the polycarbonate resin is extruded.
- a fatty acid ester compound As the mold release agent, it is preferable to use a fatty acid ester compound.
- the strong fatty acid ester is preferably a partial ester or a total ester of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a saturated fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- stearic acid monodaricelide stearic acid didaridelide
- stearic acid triglyceride stearic acid monosorbate
- behenic acid monoglyceride pentaerythritol 1 ⁇ monomonostearate, pentaerythritol tetrastearate Rate, pentaerythritol tetrapelargonate
- propylene glycol monostearate stearyl stearate, palmityl palmitate, butyl stearate, methyl laurate
- isopropyl palmitate biphenyl biphenate
- stearic acid monoglyceride, stearic acid triglyceride or pentaerythritol tetrastearate is preferably used.
- the compounding amount of the release agent is preferably 0.5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention is irradiated with light having various wavelength distributions from the ultraviolet ray region to the visible light region from a light source intermittently or continuously over a long period of time.
- an ultraviolet absorber is preferably added to the polycarbonate resin used as the material.
- ultraviolet absorbers examples include benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, benzoxazine compounds, hydroxyphenyltriazine compounds, and polymer type ultraviolet absorbers.
- benzophenone compounds such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2 -Hydroxy-1-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4 monobenzyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy 4-methoxy-5-sulfoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-1-methoxy 5-sulfoxytrihydride dibenzobenzophenone, 2, 2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2, 2 ', 4, 4, -tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2, 2, monodihydroxy-1, 4, 4, Didimethylbenzophenone, 2, 2, Dihydroxy-4, 4 '—Dimethoxy-5-sodiumsulfoxybenzophenone, bis (5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-1-methoxyphenyl
- benzotriazole compound examples include 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazol, 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-dicumylphenyl).
- Phenylbenzotriazole 2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) 1-5-clobenzotriazole, 2, 2'-tylenebis [4 (1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazole-2-yl) phenol], 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazol, 2-(2-hydroxy--3,5-di-tert-) (Butylphenyl) 1 5—Black benzotriazole, 2 1 (2-Hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-amylphenyl) Benzotriazole, 2— (2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-5_ tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-octoxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2, 2, -Methylene bis (4-cum
- 2- (2- Hydroxy-5- tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole 2- (2 '—hydroxy _ 3, 5-dicumylphenyl) phenyl benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3- tert-butyl-1-5-methylphenyl) —5
- Preferred is —black mouth benzotriazole or 2,2 ′ —methylenebis [4 (1,1,3,3-tetramethylptyl) 6- (2H-benzotriazole-2-yl) phenol].
- benzoxazine compounds examples include 2, 2′-phenylene bis (3, 1 benzoxazine 1- 4-one), 2, 2, 1 m-phenylene bis (3, 1- benzoxazine 1- 4-one) , And 2, 2, 1 p, p, —diphenylenbis (3, 1-benzoxazine-4 one-on).
- Examples of the hydroxyphenyl triazine compound include 2- (4,6-diphenyl 1,3,5-triazine 1 2 r) 1 5-hexyloxyphenol, 2- (4, 6-diphenyl-1,3-, 5-triazine-2-yl) 5-methyloxyphenol, 2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl) 1-Ethyloxyphenol, 2— (4,6-Diphenyl—1,3,5—Triazine-2-yl) 1-Propoxyphenol, 2-— (4,6--Diphenyl) 1,3,5-triazine-2-yl) — 5—Ptyloxyphenol and 2— (4,6′-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) —1, 3, 5-triazine-2-yl) Compounds such as 1,5-hexyloxyphenol and the like in which the phenyl group in the above exemplified compounds is substituted with a 2,4-dimethylphenyl group
- Examples of the polymer type ultraviolet absorber include a copolymer of at least one selected from an ultraviolet absorbing monomer and a photostable monomer and another monomer.
- Suitable examples of the UV-absorbing monomer include compounds having a benzotriazole skeleton, a benzophenone skeleton, a lyazine skeleton, or a benzoxazine skeleton in the ester substituent of (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the light-stable monomer include 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1, 2, 2, 6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1-ethyl-2, 2, 6, 6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidyl Methacrylate, 1-propyl-1,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piberyl methacrylate, 1-tert-butyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylmethacrylate, 1-cyclohexyl-1 , 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl mono 4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1 one (4-methylcyclohexyl) 1, 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl mono 4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1-t 1 year old 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1-decyl-1, 2, 6, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate, 1-dodecyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl
- At least one ultraviolet absorber selected from the group consisting of benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds and benzoxazine compounds is preferably used.
- ultraviolet absorbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending ratio of the ultraviolet absorber is based on whether or not the light reflecting plate of the present invention has a protective film described later. The optimum value differs depending on.
- the blending ratio of the ultraviolet absorber to the polycarbonate resin is preferably from 0 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyone resin. 0.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 0.3 'parts by weight.
- the amount is preferably 2 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin. Part, more preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.8 part by weight, and in particular 0.02 to 0.5 part by weight. preferable. If the content of the UV absorber exceeds 2 parts by weight, the light reflecting plate may be altered.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention can have a protective film on at least one surface thereof.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention preferably has a protective film on the surface to be the light source side when used by being incorporated in a knock unit.
- an organic polymer is preferable as a material constituting the protective film.
- Such an organic polymer is preferably an acrylic resin, a polystrand resin, a polyethylene resin, a polyester resin or a polyester elastomer, and more preferably an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin.
- the acrylic resin is a resin obtained by polymerizing an acrylic monomer.
- acryl monomers include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2 — Ethylhexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, and the like.
- the acrylic resin can be obtained by homopolymerizing one of the above acrylic monomers or copolymerizing two or more.
- the above polystrength Ponate resin is the same as described above as the polycarbonate resin used as the material constituting the matrix resin of the reflector of the present invention.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, and polyethylene naphthalate resin.
- the protective film can contain an ultraviolet absorber.
- an ultraviolet absorber in the protective film, the deterioration of the polycarbonate resin of the light reflector due to the light from the pack light source is effectively suppressed, and the effect of preventing a decrease in luminance and a change in color tone is obtained. . Since the deterioration of the resin proceeds from the surface on the light source side due to the light from the knock light source, it is necessary to provide a protective film containing an ultraviolet absorber on the light source side surface of the light reflector. This is effective for suppressing light deterioration of the light reflector.
- Such an ultraviolet absorber preferably contains at least one ultraviolet absorber selected from the group consisting of a benzophenone compound, a benzouriazol compound, and a benzoxazine compound.
- Specific examples of these ultraviolet absorbers are the same as the specific examples described above as ultraviolet absorbers that can be blended in the polycarbonate resin used as the material of the reflector of the present invention.
- the concentration of the ultraviolet absorber in the protective film is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 40% by weight based on the total of the organic polymer and the ultraviolet absorber, and 1 to 3 More preferred is 0% by weight.
- the thickness of the protective film is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 500 m, more preferably in the range of 1 to 100 zm, and further preferably in the range of 2 to 70 m.
- the optimum range of the protective film thickness varies depending on the method of forming the protective film, which will be described later.
- a method for producing the light reflecting plate of the present invention for example, (1) a method in which a resin is molded into a single cell and then impregnated with an inert gas to the material resin and foamed (batch method) (2) A method in which a raw material resin is melted in a suitable molding machine, a gas inert to the resin is injected into the melted resin, and this is extruded and molded into a sheet and foamed (continuous method) ), (3) A method of preparing a raw material composition containing a raw material resin and a foaming agent and foaming it while forming it into a sheet can be mentioned.
- the raw material resin when the raw material resin is formed into a sheet shape, for example, the molten resin is extruded from a T-die into a sheet shape using a melt extruder, etc. It is possible to use a method in which a sheet sandwiched between a plurality of cooling rolls and pressed is taken up by a take-up roll. The obtained roll can be used as it is in the next step, or a sheet cut into sheets may be used. In order to impregnate the resin with an inert gas into the obtained sheet or sheet of sheets, it is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 0-6-5 0 6 7 2 4 Can depend on the method.
- the above sheet is impregnated with gas in a high-pressure or supercritical state in a high-pressure container, and then the impregnated sheet taken out from the high-pressure container is heated to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature (T g) of the raw material resin to generate bubbles. It is a way to grow.
- T g glass transition temperature
- gas inert to the raw material resin examples include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air, argon, hydrogen, oxygen, propane, and butane, and two or more of these may be used in combination. Good. Of these, carbon dioxide or nitrogen is preferred from the standpoint of inertness to the resin, solubility in the resin, and convenience in handling.
- concentration of carbon dioxide is preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 80% by volume or more.
- the pressure for impregnating the above-mentioned gas into the resin sheet is preferably 1 to 5 OMPa, more preferably 5 to 5 OMPa.
- the temperature at which the resin sheet is impregnated with the above gas is preferably 20 to L: 40 ° C, more preferably 20 to 120 ° C.
- the amount of gas to be impregnated is preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4% by weight, based on the weight of the resin.
- the heating temperature of the impregnated sheet taken out from the high-pressure container is preferably 5 to 15 ° C. higher than the Tg of the resin. When the material resin is a polycarbonate resin, this temperature is preferably 1555 to 65 ° C. Examples of the method for heating the impregnated sheet taken out from the high-pressure vessel include heating with an oil bath.
- Examples of the molding machine that can be used in the above method (2) include a melt extruder.
- a melt extruder an appropriate one such as a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder can be used, but a dedicated screw for uniformly kneading and diffusing the resin and an inert gas to the resin, It is preferable to have a pressure-resistant cylinder, a dedicated die, and a fluid dispersion nozzle.
- the fluid dispersion nozzle is It is a nozzle that is arranged at a position downstream of the plasticizing part of the melt extruder and stably injects an inert gas into the raw material resin in a high pressure or supercritical state.
- the raw material resin is melted in the plasticizing section in the melt extruder, mixed and kneaded with an inert gas with respect to the raw material resin injected from the fluid dispersion nozzle downstream of the plasticizing section, and placed in the cooling zone. After adjusting the temperature suitable for foaming, it is formed into a sheet-like foam through a special die.
- the foamed resin sheet coming out of the die is quickly cooled by an appropriate cooling means such as a roll, whereby the growth of bubbles is controlled and a desired foamed resin sheet is obtained.
- a plasticizer and a cooling zone may be provided in one extruder, or a tandem system in which two extruders are connected in series.
- the raw material resin is melted and mixed with the molten resin and gas in the first extruder to form a homogeneous phase, and then the molten gas is injected using the second extruder as a cooling zone.
- This tandem method is suitable for the production of foamed sheets with a high cell volume ratio because melting, kneading and cooling are performed by separate extruders, allowing a wide range of operating conditions and allowing sufficient cooling of the resin.
- the temperature of the plasticized part is preferably 2 80 to 3 50, more preferably 3 0 to 3 20 ° C.
- the gas inert to the raw material resin the same gas as exemplified in the above method (1) can be used.
- the pressure at which the resin inert gas is injected into the extruder is preferably not less than IMPa, more preferably not less than 5 MPa, and further preferably not less than 1 OMPa. This pressure is preferably a pressure at which the gas to be used becomes a supercritical state.
- the upper limit of the gas injection pressure is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 MPa or less from the viewpoint of economy and operability.
- the amount of gas injected is preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 0.4% by weight, based on the weight of the resin.
- the temperature that the resin should reach in the cooling zone is preferably a temperature that is 125 ° C. higher than T g of the raw material resin to be used. When polycarbonate is used as the raw material resin, this temperature is preferably 2 75 to 300 ° C.
- foaming agent that can be used in the above method (3)
- chemical foaming agents include organic foaming agents such as azo compounds, nitroso compounds, hydrazine derivatives, and isocyanate compounds, and inorganic foaming agents such as bicarbonates, carbonates, sodium bicarbonate + acid, zinc powder + acids, and the like. I can make it.
- physical foaming agents include butane, pentane, and chlorofluorocarbon. Among these, it is preferable to select appropriately considering the compatibility with the material resin constituting the resin sheet. For example, when a polycarbonate resin is used as the material for the resin sheet, an azo compound such as azodicarbonamide or a bicarbonate such as sodium hydrogen carbonate is preferable.
- the type and amount of the foaming agent can be appropriately selected according to the target cell volume fraction, average cell diameter, etc., but is preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the raw material resin.
- Method (2) is industrially superior from the viewpoints of high productivity, suitable for production of a large-area light reflecting plate, and easy post-processing of the obtained foamed resin sheet.
- the method of laminating the protective film on the foamed resin sheet as the base material of the light reflecting plate should be a protective film on the extruded foamed resin sheet
- a coextrusion method in which a foamed iT fat sheet and an organic polymer composition to be a protective film are simultaneously melt-extruded and laminated; a paint containing the organic polymer composition to be a protective film on a foamed resin sheet And a method of laminating by a method of transferring a transfer foil having a protective film on a resin sheet. .
- Examples of the coating method include a dip coating method, a flow coating method, and a roll coating method.
- 'Base film Z release layer Z protective layer Z containing UV absorber Organic polymer layer (the protective film) A layer having a multilayer structure composed of a Z adhesive layer is preferably used. Adhesive layer of strong transfer foil is adhered and adhered onto the foamed resin sheet, and the base film is peeled off together with the release layer, so that the adhesive layer from the sheet side onto the foamed resin sheet. Polymer layer (protective film) A light diffusing plate in which protective layers are sequentially laminated can be obtained.
- the thickness of the protective film when the laminating method or the coextrusion method is adopted as the method for forming the protective film is preferably in the range of 5 to 500 m, more preferably in the range of 10 to 100 111. Further, the thickness of the protective film when employing the coating method is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 m, more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 m. Furthermore, the thickness of the protective film when using the transfer foil is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 m, more preferably in the range of 1 to 5 m. The thickness of the protective film is preferably within the above range, since the problem of warpage due to the difference in thermal shrinkage between the foamed resin sheet layer and the protective film and the difference in water absorption rate is not manifested.
- the thickness of the light diffusing plate of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 1 Omm, more preferably 1 to 5 mm.
- the number average diameter of the closed cells contained in the light diffusing plate of the present invention is in the range of 30 to; L 00 zm, preferably in the range of 40 to 95 m, and in the range of 50 to 90 m. More preferably. If the number average diameter of closed cells is less than 30 ⁇ m, the light transmittance may be low. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 m, the diffusibility of the foamed resin sheet may be insufficient, which is not preferable as a light diffusion plate. Sometimes.
- the number average diameter of the closed cells can be known in the same manner as in the case of the light reflector described above.
- the bubble volume ratio of the light diffusing plate of the present invention is 10 to 90 V o 1%, but this value is preferably 20 to 85 V 01%, more preferably 30 to 80 V o 1%. If this value is less than 10 V 01%, sufficient light diffusivity may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 90 V o 1%, the total light transmittance may be insufficient. The mechanical properties of the foamed resin sheet may be impaired, which is not preferable.
- the relationship between the number average diameter X (m) of closed cells and the bubble volume ratio Y (vo 1%) satisfies the following formula (5).
- the foamed resin sheet as described above exhibits a high total light transmittance and a high transmission haze value, and can be suitably used as a light diffusion plate of a direct type backlight type liquid crystal display device.
- transmission refers to the ratio of the total amount of light that has not traveled straight to the total amount of transmitted light when light is incident on the light diffusing plate at an incident angle of 0 °.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention has a total light transmittance of 50% or more and a transmission haze value of 95% or more.
- the total light transmittance is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
- the transmission haze is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 99.3% or more.
- Such high total light transmittance and high transmission haze indicate the relationship between the number average diameter X ( ⁇ (and the bubble volume fraction ⁇ ( ⁇ 0 1) of closed cells contained in the foamed resin sheet of the present invention. This can be realized as described above.
- the total light transmittance and the transmission haze value are uniform over a very wide area range.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention has a difference between the average value of the total light transmittance at two points separated by 450 mm in the width direction from the center point in the width direction and the total light transmittance at the center point.
- the value divided by the total light transmittance at can be within ⁇ 0.05, more preferably within ⁇ 0.03, and particularly within ⁇ 0.02.
- the average value of the transmission haze at two points separated by 450 mm in the width direction from the center point in the width direction of the light diffusing plate of the present invention, divided by the transmission haze at the center point is 0.95 to 1 0,5, further 0.97 to 1.03, especially 0.99 to 1.01.
- the “width direction” means a direction parallel to the short side of the light diffusion plate.
- the reflector of the present invention can be suitably used for a large-screen liquid crystal display device.
- the light diffusion plate of the present invention contains independent bubbles dispersed in a resin matrix.
- the gas contained in the closed cells is the same as described above as the gas contained in the closed cells of the light reflecting plate of the present invention.
- Examples of the material constituting the matrix resin of the light diffusing plate of the present invention include, for example, a polystrength resin resin, a polystyrene resin, a polymethyl methacrylate resin, an amorphous polyester resin, a styrene acrylonitrile copolymer resin, a norbornene resin, Amorphous fluororesin, polyethersulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polyarylate resin, triacetyl cellulose resin, amorphous nylon resin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, poly 4-methylpentene 1-1, etc.
- a thermoplastic resin is illustrated as a suitable resin. These coffins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polycarbonate resin polymethylmethacrylate or norbornene resin is preferable, and polycarbonate resin is particularly preferable.
- the polystrength Ponate resin preferably used as the material constituting the matrix resin of the light diffusion plate of the present invention is a polystrength resin suitably used as the material constituting the matrix resin of the light reflection plate of the present invention. The same as described above for the ponate resin.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention can have a protective film on at least one surface thereof.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention preferably has a protective film on the surface to be the light source side when being used in the backlight unit.
- the material constituting the protective film that the light diffusing plate of the present invention can have is the same as that described above as the material constituting the protective film that the light reflecting plate of the present invention can have.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention can be manufactured according to any one of the methods (1) to (3) described above as the method of manufacturing the light reflecting plate of the present invention.
- the temperature at which the gas-impregnated sheet is heated after being taken out of the high-pressure vessel is 0 to 5 ° C. higher than the Tg of the resin.
- the temperature that the resin should reach in the cooling zone is preferably 50 to 110 ° C. higher than the T g of the raw material resin to be used.
- this temperature is preferably 2100 to 2600C.
- the light diffusing plate can be manufactured by carrying out the present invention after making modifications obvious to those skilled in the art to the above-described method for manufacturing the light reflecting plate.
- the above methods (1) and (3) and methods (2) and (3) may be used in combination.
- a method for producing the light diffusing plate of the present invention it is preferable to adopt the method (2) or to use the methods (2) and (3) in combination, and it is more preferable to adopt the method (2). preferable.
- the direct type backlight unit of the present invention comprises at least a plurality of linear light sources, a casing for storing the linear light sources, and a light diffusing plate disposed in an opening of the casing.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention is attached to the inner surface of the housing, or the light diffusing plate is the light diffusing plate of the present invention.
- Any linear light source may be used as long as it is arranged under the light emitting surface of the backlight unit and can emit visible light.
- an incandescent bulb a fluorescent discharge tube, a light emitting diode element, a fluorescent light emitting element.
- fluorescent discharge tubes and among them, cold cathode fluorescent lamps are preferred.
- a cold cathode fluorescent lamp using a three-wavelength phosphor with low power consumption and high luminance and high color rendering is preferably used.
- linear light sources are arranged in parallel at approximately equal intervals.
- the number of linear light sources can be any number, for example, 6 to 50.
- the linear light source is preferably housed in a housing having an upper surface opened, and the inner surface of the housing is preferably coated with a highly reflective paint or a highly reflective film agent.
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention is attached.
- a light diffusing plate is disposed in the opening of the housing that houses the linear light source.
- the light diffusing plate used here has a visible light transmittance of preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 65% or more, especially 7 It is preferably 0% or more.
- the transmission haze (H aze) value of the light diffusion plate is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and further preferably 99% or more.
- a light diffusing plate for example, a sheet in which a light diffusing agent composed of organic fine particles or the like is dispersed in a transparent resin sheet, a foamed resin sheet, or the like can be used. Is preferably used.
- the direct type backlight unit according to the present invention includes the light reflecting plate of the present invention attached to the inner surface of the housing that houses the linear light source, and the light diffusing plate of the present invention disposed at the opening of the housing. It is preferable that The direct type backlight unit has high brightness uniformity and exhibits improved front brightness. Therefore, part or all of the light control film that has been used to improve brightness has been used. Even if it is not equipped, high performance can be demonstrated. [Direct type backlight type LCD]
- the direct-type backlight type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes at least the direct-type backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, and can be manufactured by combining them.
- the direct backlight type liquid crystal display device of the present invention may further optionally include one or a plurality of light adjusting films.
- the liquid crystal panel preferably has a configuration having a polarizing plate on at least one surface of the liquid crystal cell.
- the liquid crystal cell preferably comprises two transparent electrodes having a transparent electrode and an alignment film.
- the bright substrate has a structure in which a liquid crystal is filled in a cell gap that is sealed at its periphery and is opposed to each other with a gap (cell gap) therebetween, and is defined by an inner surface of the substrate and a sealant.
- the substrate include glass and resin.
- the liquid crystal include nematic liquid crystal and smectic liquid crystal.
- nematic liquid crystals are preferable, for example, Schiff base liquid crystals, azoxy liquid crystals, biphenyl liquid crystals, phenyl cyclohexane liquid crystals, ester liquid crystals, terphenyl liquid crystals, biphenyl cyclohexane liquid crystals, pyrimidine liquid crystals, dioxanes.
- Liquid crystal, bicyclooctane liquid crystal, and cubane liquid crystal for example, cholesteric liquid crystals such as cholestyl chloride, cholesteryl nonate, and cholesteryl carbonate, and product names “C 1 15” and “CB-1 5” (from Merck) appear to be sold.
- a ferroelectric liquid crystal such as p-decyloxybenzylidene p-amino-2-methylbutylcinnamate can also be used.
- the polarizing plate include a polarizing plate formed by sandwiching a polarizing film called an “H film” in which polyvinyl alcohol is stretched and absorbed while absorbing iodine, and a protective film for cellulose acetate, or a polarizing film made of the H film itself. be able to.
- the liquid crystal panel used for the present invention may have a configuration in which a color filter is sandwiched between a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate, if desired.
- One or more light adjusting films can be disposed on the liquid crystal panel side of the direct pack light unit of the present invention, that is, between the light diffusion plate and the liquid crystal panel.
- a light adjusting film include a light collecting film, a diffusion film, and a polarizing film.
- the light condensing film include a light condensing film called “prism sheet” having a prism shape on the surface (for example, BEF manufactured by Yamagata 3EM Co., Ltd.).
- the diffusion film include Examples of the polarizing film include a reflective polarizing film (for example, D-BEF manufactured by Yamagata 3EM Co., Ltd.).
- the direct-type backlight type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes the direct-type backlight unit of the present invention that exhibits improved performance. Therefore, among the above light control films, for example, a diffusion film or a diffusion film Even without a film and a light collecting film, high luminance uniformity and front luminance can be exhibited. The invention's effect
- the light reflecting plate of the present invention has excellent light diffusive reflectivity, and has a high luminance and is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost.
- the light reflecting plate or scanner for a direct backlight unit used for a liquid crystal display or a liquid crystal television is advantageous. It is suitable as a light reflecting plate for use.
- the light diffusing plate of the present invention has a high light transmittance and an excellent light diffusing property, and is used for a direct type backlight unit used in a liquid crystal display or a liquid crystal television having high luminance and advantageous in terms of production cost. It is suitable as a light diffusion plate.
- the light reflecting plate or light diffusing plate of the present invention is particularly suitable for being used by being incorporated in a large-sized liquid crystal display or a direct backlight unit of a 15-39 inch large-sized liquid crystal television. The industrial effects of this are exceptional.
- the average cell diameter of the foamed resin sheet was obtained by taking a photograph of a cross section of the sample of the foamed resin sheet with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and statistically processing it with image processing software.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- a foam resin sheet sample was cut out to 15 mm ⁇ 8 mm, and fixed to a holder of a micro 2 tom.
- the sample was sent every 30 m in the thickness direction of the sample, and the cross-section of the sample was cut out with a metal Mikutomu blade blade to expose the measurement surface.
- the sample was cut to a height (thickness) of 2 mm, and the sample was mounted on the sample table with double-sided tape with the measurement surface facing upward.
- a platinum spat on the sample and sample stage was subjected to SEM observation.
- S-3500NJ manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Systems Co., Ltd. as an SEM, images were taken under conditions of an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, an inclination angle of 0, and a magnification of 70 to 2000 times.
- This electronic data was taken into the image analysis software 7 “Wi n ROF” (Mitani Corporation).
- an image region containing about 400 bubbles was set as a processing region, binarized by the image analysis software, and statistically processed to calculate a diameter corresponding to a perfect circle.
- the diameter of the bubble that did not open or foam in the treatment area and showed the maximum diameter was adopted as the bubble diameter in the treatment area.
- the same operation was repeated 10 times using another image area as another process area, and the average value was used as the average bubble diameter of the sample.
- the incident angle is 0 °
- the measurement wavelength region is 400 to 800 nm
- the sampling interval is 1 nm
- the scan speed is 120 nm.
- the spectral intensity of the total diffuse reflection component was measured as a relative value (%) with respect to the reflected light of the barium sulfate white plate under the condition of / min, and this was integrated over the entire measurement wavelength range, and the average value was taken as the diffuse reflectance. .
- the diffuse reflectance was measured at a total of three points: the center point in the width direction of the foamed resin sheet and two points separated from the center point by 45 Omm in the width direction.
- the table below shows the distance from the center portion.
- the average diffuse reflectance at the two points is shown together with the diffuse reflectance at the center. did.
- Td R (— 85. 0 °) + R (— 84. 9 °) + '-' + R (42. 5 °) + R (47. 5 °) + R (47. 6 °) + '* '+ R (85. 0 °)
- R (X °) is the angle X.
- the amount of reflection at. T t is the total light reflection amount and is expressed by the following formula.
- T t Td + Tp
- T is the total amount of reflected light at the reflection angle of 42.6 to 47.4 °, and is defined by the following equation.
- Tp R (42. 6 °) + R (42.7)) + ⁇ ⁇ -+ R (47. 4 °) ⁇
- R (X °) has the same meaning as in the definition of Td It is.
- the reflection haze was measured at a total of three points: the center point in the width direction of the foamed resin sheet and two points separated by 450 mm from the center point in the width direction.
- the table below shows the distance from the center.
- the average value of the reflection haze at the two points is shown together with the reflection at the center. did.
- Each light reflector is incorporated into a 15-inch direct-type backlight unit manufactured by NEC Corporation, and after 5,000 hours of continuous lighting, the light reflector is removed and the hue change ( ⁇ ⁇ ) before and after the test is performed. evaluated.
- the hue (Y I) was measured using a spectroscopic color system “SE-2000” manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
- SE-2000 spectroscopic color system manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
- the total light transmittance was measured at a total of three points: the center point in the width direction of the foamed foam sheet and two points separated from the center point by 45 Omm in the width direction.
- the table below shows the distance from the center part.
- the average value of total light transmittance at the two points was shown together with the total light transmittance at the center.
- T and d are the amount of light transmission with a divergence angle of 2.5 ° or more, and T 't is the total amount of light transmission.
- T 't ⁇ ' d + T 'p where T' ⁇ is the amount of transmitted light with a divergence angle of less than 2.5 °.
- Polycarbonate resin with viscosity average molecular weight of 2 4, 3 0 0 obtained by interfacial polymerization from bisphenol A and phosgene and benzotriazol compound as a UV absorber 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert-) Octylphenyl) benzotriazole (trade name “Chemisorp 79”, manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts by weight were mixed and put into a single screw extruder manufactured by Nippon Steel Works. The temperature of the plastic part in the extruder was set to 30 to 30 ° C., and the mixture was melted. Then, the temperature and pressure of 2 80 to 300 ° C. were downstream in the plasticizing part.
- Carbon dioxide gas was injected at 0 MPa and a gas weight ratio shown in Table 1. After sufficiently mixing this, the temperature of the resin mixture is cooled to the temperature described in “Resin temperature” in Table 1 with a cooling zone in the extruder, and the pressure is released by extruding from the die at that temperature. Thus, a foamed resin sheet was obtained.
- the above gas weight ratio refers to the weight ratio of the injected amount of carbon dioxide gas to the discharged amount of foamed resin (the same applies hereinafter).
- the foamed resin sheet after extrusion is sandwiched by two pairs of rolls with a diameter of 300 mm together with the protection J5 prepared in advance, and a protective film is thermocompression-bonded (laminated) on one side of the sheet, and then 3 °
- a foamed polycarbonate (PC) resin sheet (light reflector) having a protective film on one side and a thickness of about 2 mm and a width of 1,00 mm was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the measured values of sheet thickness for each sheet. These values do not include the thickness of the protective film.
- the protective film is a polymethacrylic acid ester having a thickness of 50 im and a width of 1,00 O mm containing 1 part by weight of a benzotriazol compound as an ultraviolet absorber with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- -Based resin film manufactured by Kaneiki Co., Ltd., trade name “Sanduren Film SD 0 1.4 NR TJ” was used.
- Table 1 shows the foaming characteristics of the resulting light reflector
- Table 2 shows the optical characteristics and hue changes.
- Polycarbonate resin with viscosity average molecular weight of 2 4, 3 0 0 obtained by interfacial polymerization method from bisphenol A and phosgene and benzotriazole compound 2— (2-hydroxy-5-tert (Year-old cutyl phenyl) Benzotriazol (trade name “Chemisorp 79”, manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts by weight were mixed and put into a single screw extruder manufactured by Nippon Steel Works.
- the plasticizing part temperature in the extruder is 300 to 320 ° C and the above mixture is melted, downstream of the plasticizing part, a temperature of 280 to 300 ° C, a pressure of 20 MPa, and a gas weight ratio of 0.0023.
- the carbon dioxide gas was injected in and fully mixed.
- the temperature of the cooling zone was adjusted to 275 ° C.
- bisphenol A and phosgene were obtained by an interfacial polymerization method, and 100 parts by weight of a polystreptonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of 24, 300 and a benzotriazole compound 2- (2-hydroxy) as an ultraviolet absorber.
- 1-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole (trade name “Chemisobu 79”, manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.)
- a composition for a protective film obtained by mixing 3 parts by weight of extrusion granulation with a 50 mm screw diameter It was put into an auxiliary extruder and melted at an extruder temperature of 250 to 300 ° C.
- the thickness of the foamed polyester resin sheet is 2.01 mm and the thickness of the protective film is 50 xm. Extrusion was followed by rapid cooling with 3 ° C water to obtain a foamed polycarbonate resin sheet (light reflector) having a thickness of 1,000 mm and a thickness of 2.01 mm having a protective film on one side.
- Table 1 shows the foaming characteristics of the resulting light reflector
- Table 2 shows the optical characteristics and hue changes. .
- a polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of 24,300 obtained by interfacial polymerization from bisphenol A and phosgene and a benzotriazole compound 2- (2-hydroxy-1-5-tert-octylphenyl) benzoate as an ultraviolet absorber Triazole (trade name “Chemisobu 79”, manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.3 ′ parts by weight were mixed and put into a single screw extruder manufactured by Nippon Steel Works, Ltd.
- the plasticizing part temperature in the extruder was 300 to 320 ° C and the mixture was melted, downstream of the plasticizing part, the temperature was 280 to 300 ° C, the pressure was 2 OMPa, and the gas weight ratio was 0.00.
- the carbon dioxide gas was injected at and fully mixed. After fully mixing this, extrusion The temperature of the resin mixture was cooled to 2 75 ° C. in the cooling zone in the machine, and the resin was extruded from the die at that temperature to release the pressure to obtain a foamed resin sheet having a thickness of 1.97 mm.
- an acrylic resin paint (with a solid content concentration of 14% by weight of the coating material) prepared with the following composition was applied by a flow coating method and allowed to stand for 25 minutes at room temperature.
- a protective layer is formed on one side with a 5 m thick acrylic hardened layer containing a UV absorber.
- composition of the acrylic resin paint used above is as follows.
- Polycarbonate resin with a viscosity average molecular weight of 2,4,300 obtained from bisphenol A and phosgene by interfacial polymerization method and benzotriazol compound as an ultraviolet absorber 2- (2-hydroxy-5-tert —Octylphenyl) Benzotriazole (trade name “Chemisobu 79”, manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts by weight were mixed and put into a single screw extruder manufactured by Nippon Steel Works, Ltd. The temperature of the plasticizing part in the extruder was set to 30 to 30 ° C., and the mixture was melted.
- the adhesive layer (thickness 0.8 m) was a laminated body laminated in this order, and when sandwiched between rolls, the acrylic resin adhesive layer was inserted so as to be on the foamed resin sheet side.
- Table 1 shows the foaming characteristics of the resulting light reflector
- Table 2 shows the optical characteristics and hue changes.
- a foamed polycarbonate resin sheet (light reflecting plate) having a thickness of 150 m and a width of 1,000 mm having a protective film on one side was obtained under the same extrusion conditions as in Example 4 except that the distance between the die lips was adjusted.
- This foamed polycarbonate sheet was wound by a take-up roll, and the foaming characteristics of the obtained light reflecting plate as a wound layer of a foamed polycarbonate resin sheet having a length of 500 m are shown in Table 1, and the optical characteristics and hue change are shown in Table 2. Each was shown.
- Table 1 shows the foaming characteristics of the resulting light reflector
- Table 2 shows the optical characteristics and hue changes.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Teijin DuPont Films Co., Ltd., HS Darley polyethylene terephthalate
- the temperature was raised to 100 ° C and a steady state was reached.
- carbon dioxide was injected to obtain a pressure of 15 MPa, and this pressure was maintained for 3 hours.
- the pressure inside the container was reduced to atmospheric pressure over several seconds, and then cooled to room temperature over 30 minutes, to obtain a foamed PET sheet (photoreflecting plate).
- Table 1 shows the foaming characteristics of the resulting light reflector
- Table 2 shows the optical characteristics and hue changes.
- the average bubble diameter is in the range of 0.1 to 5 m
- the bubble volume ratio is in the range of 5 to 90 V o 1%
- the average bubble diameter, bubble volume ratio, and sheet are The relationship with the thickness satisfies the above formula (1)
- the diffuse reflectance is 80% or more
- the reflection haze value is 95% or more.
- Comparative Example 1 when the bubble volume ratio was less than 5 V o 1%, the diffuse reflectance was insufficient. Also, as shown in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the diffuse reflectance was insufficient when the average bubble diameter exceeded 5 zm.
- Example 13 After melting the above mixture at a plasticizing part temperature of 300 to 320 ° C in the extruder, 'downstream of the plasticizing part, a temperature of 280 to 300 ° C, a pressure of 20 MPa, and Carbon dioxide gas was injected at a gas weight ratio. After sufficiently mixing this, the temperature of the resin mixture is cooled to the temperature shown in Table 3 in the cooling zone in the extruder, and is extruded from the die at that temperature to release the pressure and about 2 mm thick. A foamed polycarbonate resin sheet (light diffusion plate) with a width of 1,000 mm was obtained. The measured values of the sheet thickness for each sheet are shown in Table 3. Table 3 shows the foaming characteristics of the obtained light diffusion plate, and Table 4 shows the optical characteristics. Example 13
- Example 8 A transfer foil was laminated on the foamed polycarbonate resin sheet obtained in Example 8 in the same manner as in Example 4 to obtain a foamed polycarbonate foam sheet (light diffusion plate) having a protective film on one side.
- Table 3 shows the foaming characteristics of the obtained light diffusion plate, and Table 4 shows the optical characteristics. Reference examples 1 to 3
- Table 5 shows the evaluation results of the total light transmittance and transmission haze of the obtained sheet.
- the diffusing agents shown in Table 5 are as follows.
- Example 8 In ⁇ 3, the average bubble diameter is in the range of 30 100 m, the bubble volume fraction is in the range of 10 to 90 V o 1%, and the relationship between the average bubble diameter and the bubble volume ratio is the above formula (5 ), With a total light transmittance of 50% or more and a transmission haze value of 95% or more, showing good characteristics as a light diffusing plate. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 7, when the average bubble diameter was less than 30 and the bubble volume fraction was less than 10 V o 1%, the total light transmittance was extremely insufficient.
- the light diffusing plates obtained in Examples 8 and 9 were cut into a length of 150 mm and a width of 300 mm, respectively, and incorporated in a type 26 direct type backlight.
- This backlight is a backlight having a plurality of linear cold-cathode fluorescent lamps, and the distance between the central axes of two adjacent lamps is 25 mm. The distance from the surface was 12 mm.
- Each light diffusing plate was incorporated in the center of the backlight so that the long side direction was parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lamp.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2007524714A JP5033625B2 (ja) | 2005-07-14 | 2006-07-07 | 発泡樹脂シートおよび液晶表示装置 |
CN2006800256030A CN101223460B (zh) | 2005-07-14 | 2006-07-07 | 发泡树脂片材和液晶显示装置 |
EP06781081A EP1906215A4 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2006-07-07 | FOAM SHEET AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY |
US11/988,736 US7643104B2 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2006-07-07 | Foamed resin sheet and liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP2005205249 | 2005-07-14 | ||
JP2005-205249 | 2005-07-14 | ||
JP2005235856 | 2005-08-16 | ||
JP2005-235855 | 2005-08-16 | ||
JP2005235855 | 2005-08-16 | ||
JP2005-235856 | 2005-08-16 |
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WO2007007852A1 true WO2007007852A1 (ja) | 2007-01-18 |
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PCT/JP2006/314006 WO2007007852A1 (ja) | 2005-07-14 | 2006-07-07 | 発泡樹脂シートおよび液晶表示装置 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7643104B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1906215A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5033625B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080025057A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101223460B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200710138A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007007852A1 (ja) |
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JP2011509436A (ja) * | 2008-01-10 | 2011-03-24 | コーロン インダストリーズ インク | 光学シート |
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- 2006-07-07 EP EP06781081A patent/EP1906215A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101223460B (zh) | 2010-05-19 |
US7643104B2 (en) | 2010-01-05 |
KR20080025057A (ko) | 2008-03-19 |
CN101223460A (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
JP5033625B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 |
TW200710138A (en) | 2007-03-16 |
EP1906215A4 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
JPWO2007007852A1 (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
US20090103003A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
EP1906215A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
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