WO2006115201A1 - 電力供給システム - Google Patents
電力供給システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006115201A1 WO2006115201A1 PCT/JP2006/308420 JP2006308420W WO2006115201A1 WO 2006115201 A1 WO2006115201 A1 WO 2006115201A1 JP 2006308420 W JP2006308420 W JP 2006308420W WO 2006115201 A1 WO2006115201 A1 WO 2006115201A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- power
- vehicle
- stationary
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting one or more loads to one or more power sources or power lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
- H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
- H02J2101/30—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply system including a power converter that converts DC power of a vehicle fuel cell and a stationary fuel cell into AC power.
- the reforming fuel is converted into hydrogen by a reformer, and this hydrogen and oxygen in the air are supplied to the fuel cell to react with each other. It is designed to be supplied to personal load devices that are electric appliances such as electric lamps, televisions, washing machines, air conditioners and refrigerators.
- personal load devices such as electric lamps, televisions, washing machines, air conditioners and refrigerators.
- the stationary fuel cell system will also be stopped.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a power supply apparatus at the time of a power failure that supplies emergency power to a household electric device using a battery of an electric vehicle at the time of a power failure.
- the power supply device described in Patent Document 1 supplies the DC power stored in the battery of the electric vehicle to the DC / AC converter, and this DC ZAC converter. Electricity is now supplied to each electrical device in the home via the circuit breaker.
- Patent Document 1 As another embodiment, a solar cell panel and a storage battery are provided separately from the battery, and when a power failure is detected, the electric power stored in the battery and the storage battery is supplied to each electric device. In addition to supplying power, solar panel power supplies power when the solar panel is sufficiently irradiated with daytime solar rays.
- Patent Document 2 includes a stationary power generator that supplies power to a private load device of a detached house and an in-vehicle power generator mounted on an electric vehicle, and a stationary power generator is generated.
- a stationary power generator that supplies power to a private load device of a detached house and an in-vehicle power generator mounted on an electric vehicle, and a stationary power generator is generated.
- the electric power is excessive relative to the consumption of the personal load device, the excess electric power is supplied to the battery of the electric vehicle, or conversely, the electric power generated by the stationary power generator is less than the consumption of the personal load device. If there is a shortage of It describes an energy generation system that can be replenished with a battery so that power can be exchanged between the two.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-178241 (paragraphs 0022, 0049, 0050, FIG. 1 and FIG. 5)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-48895 (paragraphs 0019, 0035, FIG. 1)
- Patent Document 1 The one described in Patent Document 1 described above is handled by an in-vehicle battery in the event of a power failure, so there is a risk of a power failure occurring early depending on the remaining battery level.
- a configuration with a structure it is necessary to secure cost and space, and in the event of a power failure at night, the functions of the solar panel cannot be fully utilized, and both methods are only temporary. It was not.
- multiple circuit breakers since multiple circuit breakers are required, there is a problem that not only the cost increases but also dedicated construction is required.
- Patent Document 2 has an advantage that power can be exchanged between the stationary power generator and the in-vehicle power generator, but the stationary power generator is stopped.
- the system was not able to supply power to the personal load device, and there was a problem that power could not be supplied during a power outage.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can be applied to household electric appliances in the event of a power failure by cooperation between a vehicle having a means for supplying electric power to the outside of the vehicle and a stationary fuel cell system. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system that can efficiently supply power, and a power supply system that uses a power converter that converts direct current power of a vehicle fuel cell and a stationary fuel cell into alternating current power. .
- the invention according to claim 1 includes a vehicle having means for supplying electric power to the outside of the vehicle, a stationary fuel cell system including an inverter, and the stationary fuel cell system.
- a load device to which electric power is supplied, and a system power source for supplying power to the stationary fuel cell system, and the vehicle and the stationary fuel cell system are connected in the event of a power failure of the system power source.
- An electric power supply system that supplies electric power to the load device via an inverter.
- the invention according to claim 2 is the power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle is a fuel cell vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
- the invention according to claim 3 is the power supply according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the vehicle is provided with a storage battery, and the power of the storage battery is supplied to the outside of the vehicle. System.
- the invention according to claim 4 includes a vehicle having means for supplying electric power to the outside of the vehicle, a stationary fuel cell system including an inverter, and a load device to which electric power is supplied from the stationary fuel cell system. And a system power source for supplying power to the stationary fuel cell system, and a user interface for controlling the operation of the load device, and the vehicle and the stationary fuel cell system are connected when a power failure occurs in the system power source. Connected to supply power from the storage battery mounted on the vehicle to the load device via an inverter of the stationary fuel cell system, and monitor the operating state of the load device through the user interface. It is a power supply system characterized by
- the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle is provided with a storage battery that supplies electric power to the outside of the vehicle, and the user interface monitors the remaining amount of the storage battery, This is a power supply system that charges the storage battery when there is little.
- the invention according to claim 6 is a vehicle fuel cell provided in a fuel cell vehicle, a stationary fuel cell provided in a stationary power supply system, the vehicle fuel cell, and a stationary fuel cell power. And a power converter that converts the direct current power into alternating current power.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the fuel cell vehicle and the stationary power supply system controls an output ratio from the vehicle fuel cell and the stationary fuel cell. It is characterized by having a DC / DC converter.
- a vehicle having a means for supplying electric power to the outside of the vehicle and a stationary fuel cell system are connected at the time of a power failure of the system power source. Since power is supplied to the load device via the inverter of the stationary fuel cell system, the load device can be used effectively by using a vehicle having a means for supplying power to the outside of the vehicle without adding special equipment. It is possible to efficiently supply power.
- the vehicle is a fuel cell vehicle or a hybrid vehicle
- the fuel cell vehicle or the hybrid vehicle is effectively used to power the load device. Can be supplied.
- the storage battery provided in the vehicle is provided. It is possible to supply power to the load device by effectively using the. In addition, by using the power of the storage battery, it is possible to supply power immediately after connection, and it has excellent responsiveness.
- the load device that requires a large amount of power at the time of a power failure is Even if the operation is restricted or the load device switch is turned on, if the maximum output power of the inverter is exceeded, take appropriate measures such as preventing the load device from operating. be able to.
- the user interface monitors the remaining amount of the storage battery provided in the vehicle, and charges the storage battery if the remaining amount is low. As a result, it is easy to maintain the storage battery in a sufficiently charged state by always requiring the storage battery to supply power to the load device, and there is no need to start the vehicle unnecessarily.
- a vehicle fuel cell provided in a fuel cell vehicle a stationary fuel cell provided in a stationary power supply system, a vehicle fuel cell, and Since the DC power from the stationary fuel cell is composed of a power converter that converts AC power into AC power, the vehicle DC power source and the stationary DC power source must be configured with the same type of power source (fuel cell). It is possible to minimize the power converter control and configuration changes.
- existing power converters can be used with DC power supplies for vehicles and stationary DC power supplies. Since the power supply can be shared to convert AC power, it is possible to realize a power supply system with a simple configuration.
- At least one of the fuel cell vehicle and the stationary power supply system includes a DCZDC converter that controls an output ratio from the vehicle fuel cell and the stationary fuel cell. Therefore, the output distribution of the vehicle fuel cell and stationary fuel cell can be controlled using an existing DC / DC converter.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of processing during a power failure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell vehicle of a power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a stationary power supply system of a power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system showing an example of connection between a fuel cell vehicle and a stationary power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- [0024] 10 50 ... Fuel cell vehicle, 11, 51 ... In-vehicle fuel cell system (vehicle fuel cell), 12, 55 ... Storage battery, 13, 60 ... Stationary fuel cell system (stationary power supply system), 15, 65 ... Connector, 16 ... Transmission line, 17 ... Inverter, 18A to 18D, 64 ... Load device, 19 ... Electromagnetic circuit breaker, 20 ... Breaker, 21 ... System power supply, 22 ... Power meter, 23 ... User interface, 31 ... Server, 32 ... Monitor, 33 ... No battery, 54 ... First DC / DC converter, 56 ... Inverter, 57 ... Electric motor, 61 ... Fixed fuel cell, 62 ... Second DC / DC comparator 63 ... Power converter (DCZAC converter).
- DCZAC converter Power converter
- Fig. 1 shows an overview of the power supply system.
- Reference numeral 10 denotes a fuel cell vehicle.
- the fuel cell vehicle 10 includes an in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 and a high voltage for storing electric power generated by the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11.
- the storage battery 12 is installed.
- Reference numeral 13 denotes a stationary fuel cell system.
- the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be appropriately connected to a connector 15 provided in a garage or the like, and this connector 15 is always connected to a stationary fuel cell system 13.
- the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 uses a fuel tank for storing hydrogen and hydrogen sent from the fuel tank as fuel gas, and air sent from a compressor or the like as oxidant gas. It is composed of a fuel cell stack that generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction.
- the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 includes a fuel tank for storing reforming fuel such as alcohol fuel such as methanol and hydrocarbon fuel such as natural gas, propane gas, and gasoline, a water tank, and a reforming fuel. And a reformer that generates reformed gas mainly composed of hydrogen from water, and a system that uses the reformed gas as fuel gas.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 includes a reformer that generates a reformed gas mainly composed of hydrogen from a reforming fuel, and an air sent from a compressor or the like using the reformed gas as a fuel gas. It is composed of a fuel cell stack that generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction by using it as an agent gas. Hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas, propane gas, and kerosene are generally used as reforming fuels, but any fuel that can generate hydrogen by reforming, such as alcohol fuels such as methanol, can be used. .
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 has a smaller output (for example, several kW) than the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11. This is in order to optimize the overall efficiency of the system, taking into account the power usage at home.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 incorporates an inverter 17 for converting DC power generated by the system 13 into AC power.
- Inverter 17 is connected to a plurality of load devices 18A ⁇ : 18D made of household electrical equipment installed indoors through power transmission line 16, and supplies AC power output from inverter 17 to load devices 18A ⁇ : 18D It is becoming like that.
- Load devices 18A to 18D are electric appliances such as electric lamps, irons 'TVs' washing machines, etc., such as electric kotatsu, electric carpet, air conditioner, refrigerator, etc. Including.
- a commercial grid power supply 21 is connected to the transmission line 16 via an electromagnetic switch 19 and a breaker 20, and the stationary fuel cell system 13 is operated by the power supplied from the grid power supply 21. From the amount of power generated by the stationary fuel cell system 13 Load device 18A ⁇ : When the total power consumption of 18D exceeds, the power shortage is also received by the power supply of the system power supply 21 to make up for it.
- Load device 18A ⁇ A power meter 22 is provided to detect the power consumed by 18D, and the power meter 22 detects the total power consumption of all load devices 18A ⁇ : 18D used indoors. I have to.
- the electromagnetic switch 19 is automatically shut off at the time of a power failure, and prevents the self-generated electricity from flowing backward to the system power source 21 side.
- [0030] 23 is a user interface installed indoors.
- This user interface 23 uses home appliance network to capture information necessary for home appliance control, and transmits necessary information to the user. It consists of a monitor 32 with remote control and a low power consumption battery 33.
- the user interface 23 is connected to the inverter 17, the load devices 18A to 18D and the power meter 22 respectively, and monitors the operation status of the load devices 18A to 18D, and when the total power consumption load of the load device becomes too large, It has a function of controlling the operation of the load devices 18A to 18D.
- the user interface 23 monitors the remaining amount of the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10, and the remaining amount is In the case where the number is small, the fuel cell vehicle 10 has a function of prompting the start of the fuel cell vehicle 10 so as to generate electricity.
- step 100 the inverter 17 detects a power failure based on the energization state of the secondary side of the breaker 20. As a result, the switch of the electromagnetic switch 19 is automatically shut off (step 102) to prevent electricity from flowing to the system power source 21 side.
- step 102 the switch of the electromagnetic switch 19 is automatically shut off.
- the user 1 / f interface 23 acquires information on power failure detection from the inverter 17. Based on this, the user interface 23 performs necessary processing for transmitting the occurrence of the power failure to the user (step 104).
- the user interface 23 displays the occurrence of a power outage on the monitor 32, conveys it by voice or warning sound, and connects the connector 15 so that the power of the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be used. Display a message to instruct or tell by voice.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 If the stationary fuel cell system 13 is in operation during a power failure, Along with this, the stationary fuel cell system 13 enters a power failure mode. In this power failure mode, the stationary fuel cell system 13 stops power generation indoors and maintains the single self-operating state of only the system main body. In such a power failure mode, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is operated only for cooling itself and power generation is stopped.
- the power outage can be recovered immediately by the breaker recovery, so that after a certain period of time (eg 5 If the power outage continues for a long time due to an accident on the grid side, etc., it is not known what kind of problem is occurring externally. It is determined that the fuel cell system 13 needs to be stopped, and the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 is used to operate the stationary fuel cell system 13 to be safely stopped in the stop mode.
- the connector 15 is not connected when a power failure occurs (steps 106, 108). ), The connector 15 is connected or voluntarily based on the instruction of the user interface 23 described above, and the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 and the stationary fuel cell system 13 are connected.
- the connection of the powerful connector 15 starts power transmission by the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 (step 110), and the power of the storage battery 12 is supplied to the inverter 17 of the stationary fuel cell system 13.
- the DC power of the storage battery 12 is converted into AC 100V AC power by the inverter 17 and can be supplied to the load devices 18A to 18D in the home.
- the actual power consumption that can be used is controlled by the user interface 23 as described later.
- the user interface 23 stores sufficient electricity in the storage battery 12. Power generation is necessary when the fuel cell vehicle 10 is not activated and the fuel cell vehicle 10 is not activated. (Step 112), the monitor 32 displays information indicating that the fuel cell vehicle 10 needs to be activated, or transmits the information by voice to prompt the fuel cell vehicle 10 to be activated. In this case, when a person is in the driver's seat of the fuel cell vehicle 10, a similar display and sound can be output on the in-house monitor and a warning can be given not to start the fuel cell vehicle 10.
- step 114 When the fuel cell vehicle 10 is activated (step 114) and the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 is operated, the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 starts generating power and charges the storage battery 12.
- the command from the user interface 23 can be transmitted to the fuel cell vehicle 10 wirelessly, and the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be automatically activated to operate the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11.
- the user interface 23 acquires home appliance information (step 116), and the server 31 operates the indoor load devices 18A to 18D. Control (step 118).
- the user interface 23 is used when the total power consumption used indoors exceeds the maximum output power of the inverter 17, for example, in homes and stores where digital home appliances are networked.
- power is preferentially supplied only to necessary devices that have been registered in advance, and a stop signal is sent to devices that are not registered so that the devices will not operate even if the switch is turned on.
- a heavy load such as a digital home appliance microwave oven automatically sends a signal that makes it unusable for communication so that it cannot be used even if it is used by the user.
- the user interface 23 can sequentially supply power to the device in which the switch is turned on.
- the current total power consumption detected by the wattmeter 22 is constantly monitored, and then the power consumption of the device to which the switch is turned on is confirmed. If the maximum output power of the inverter 17 is not exceeded, The device can be operated, but if the maximum output power is exceeded, control is performed so that the device cannot be operated. However, even in this case, it is an abnormal state called a power failure. Therefore, it is preferable to set in advance that a user with a heavy load cannot operate even if the user turns on the switch. Good.
- Inverter 17 detects a power failure recovery based on the secondary energization state of breaker 20, and when the power failure is recovered (step 120), user interface 23 detects the power failure recovery. Acquires information, informs the recovery from a power failure by voice or display, and prompts the user to execute a power failure recovery process (step 122). Thus, the user performs necessary restoration processing such as stopping the fuel cell vehicle 10, disconnecting the connector 15, and connecting the switch of the electromagnetic switch 19. If it is determined in step 120 that the power failure has not been restored, the above-described determination as to whether or not power generation is necessary (step 112) is continued. Note that the switch of the electromagnetic switch 19 can be automatically connected when the power failure is restored.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 When a power failure occurs, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to the fuel cell vehicle 10, and after the fuel cell vehicle 10 is activated, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is activated. The stationary fuel cell system 13 is started after confirming that the reforming fuel supply system is normal (detected by gas pressure or the like).
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 When a power failure occurs, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is set to the stop mode, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to the fuel cell vehicle 10 and the fuel cell vehicle 10 is started, and then a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) elapses. Even if the power failure does not recover, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is stopped because there is a possibility that an abnormality may occur in the reforming fuel supply system.
- a predetermined time for example, 1 hour
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 If there is an abnormality in the reforming fuel supply system when a power failure occurs, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is set to the stop mode, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to the fuel cell vehicle 10, and the fuel cell After starting the car 10, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is stopped.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 When the power failure occurs, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is set to the stop mode, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to the fuel cell vehicle 10, the fuel cell vehicle 10 is started, and then fuel for reforming is supplied. If the system is normal, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is returned to the operation mode, and if there is an abnormality in the reforming fuel supply system, the stationary fuel cell system 13 is stopped.
- the fuel cell vehicle 10 and the stationary fuel cell system 13 are linked together, and the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 passes through the inverter 17 of the stationary fuel cell system 13.
- Power can be supplied to the load devices 18A to 18D installed indoors, so that power can be supplied to the load devices 18A to 18D installed indoors using the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10.
- the user interface 23 controls the load devices 18A to 18D appropriately by restricting the operation of the load devices 18A to 18D so that the maximum output power of the inverter 17 is not exceeded. You can Furthermore, since the remaining amount of the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 is monitored by the user interface 23, if the fuel cell vehicle 10 is started when the remaining amount is insufficient, the fuel cell vehicle 10 is not necessary. There is no need to activate.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 may generate power using hydrogen stored in a tank.
- this hydrogen may be used to generate electricity.
- a stationary power generation system that uses hydrogen does not require a reformer.
- the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to the fuel cell vehicle 10 at the time of a power failure, and the indoor load device 18A to:
- the present invention is not limited to a fuel cell vehicle, but can also be applied to a vehicle equipped with a high voltage battery (storage battery) that stores generated electric power, such as a fuel cell vehicle. . Also, it can be used if the vehicle has a means for supplying electric power to the outside of the vehicle even if the stationary fuel cell system 13 is connected to a fuel cell vehicle without a battery. Is possible.
- the connector 15 when the connector 15 is connected at the time of a power failure, power transmission is immediately started from the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 to the stationary fuel cell system 13 side. Power transmission from the power storage battery 12 can be performed under the condition that the remaining capacity of the storage battery 12 is equal to or higher than a certain value. Furthermore, the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 is operated when the remaining capacity of the storage battery 12 is low. Therefore, in conjunction with the connection of the connector 15 in the event of a power failure, the fuel cell vehicle 10 can be automatically started and power generation by the in-vehicle fuel cell system 11 can be started.
- the function of the user interface 23 in the above-described embodiment is merely an example suitable for the implementation of the present invention, and is limited to the one described in the embodiment. What is necessary is that it has at least the function of monitoring the operating condition of the load device and controlling the operation of the load device.
- the DC power of the storage battery 12 of the fuel cell vehicle 10 is converted into AC power by the stationary inverter 17, and the indoor load devices 18A to: Power to supply to 18D Supply of such power is not necessarily limited in the event of a power failure.
- the indoor load device 18A It can also be used effectively in 18D.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the fuel cell vehicle 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a hydrogen supply device 52 is a hydrogen storage device such as a hydrogen tank that stores hydrogen, or a reforming device that reforms fuel containing hydrogen, and uses hydrogen gas as a vehicle fuel. Supply to battery 51.
- the oxidant supply device 53 is, for example, an air compressor, and supplies an oxidant such as air containing oxygen to the vehicle fuel cell 51.
- the vehicle fuel cell 51 is supplied with hydrogen and an oxidant to generate electric power, and applies a DC voltage to the storage battery 55 and the inverter 56.
- the storage battery 55 is, for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor, and is a direct current having a function of charging power from the vehicle fuel cell 51, regenerative power by an electric motor described later, and a function of discharging the charged power. It is a power supply.
- the vehicle fuel cell 51 and the storage battery 55 are connected in parallel to the inverter 56, and the first DC is between the power line connecting the vehicle fuel cell 51 and the inverter 56 and the storage battery 55.
- a / DC converter 54 is interposed.
- the first DC / DC converter 54 is a step-up / step-down voltage converter that controls the power supply from the vehicle fuel cell 51 to the storage battery 55 and the output ratio between the vehicle fuel cell 51 and the storage battery 55. To do.
- the first DC / DC converter 54 is also used for controlling the output ratio between the stationary fuel cell 61 and the vehicle fuel cell 51, which will be described later. This point will be described later.
- the first DC / DC comparator 54 may be provided between the power line connecting the storage battery 55 and the inverter 56 and the vehicle fuel cell 51. That is, the arrangement of the vehicle fuel cell 51 and the storage battery 55 in FIG. 3 may be interchanged.
- the electric motor 57 has a wheel shaft (not shown) connected to its rotor, and rotates the wheel shaft in accordance with AC power supplied from the inverter 56.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a stationary stationary power supply system 60 according to the second embodiment.
- the stationary fuel cell 61 is, for example, a fuel cell having a smaller output than the vehicle fuel cell 51 (eg, a fuel cell having a smaller number of cells), and the DC power of the stationary fuel cell 61 is the second.
- the second DC / DC converter 62 is a voltage converter, and boosts the output of the stationary fuel cell 61 and supplies it to the DC / AC converter 63.
- the second DC / DC converter 62 can be omitted.
- the DCZAC converter 63 converts the DC power from the stationary fuel cell 61 into AC for the load device 64 that is an external device of the stationary power supply system 60, for example, the load device 64 that is an indoor household electrical device. And supply.
- the vehicle fuel is passed through the DC / AC converter 63 constituting the stationary power converter.
- a configuration for supplying power from the fuel cell 51 and the stationary fuel cell 61 will be described. Broadly speaking, there are a configuration in which the vehicle fuel cell 51 and the stationary fuel cell 61 are connected in parallel, and a configuration in which the fuel cell 51 is connected in series.
- each fuel cell 51, 61 the supply of the reaction material (hydrogen, oxidant) is individually controlled according to the operating point (electric power), so the power from the two fuel cells 51, 61 is Is output via a common power converter (DC / AC converter 63), there is a demand to control the output from each fuel cell 51, 61 individually.
- each fuel is supplied using the first DC / DC converter 54 or the second DC / DC converter 62 provided in the fuel cell vehicle 51 or the stationary power supply system 61. Controls the output ratio from batteries 51 and 61. In other words, not only the stationary DC / AC converter 63 but also the first DC / DC converter 54 for output ratio control is output using the existing configuration.
- each fuel cell 51 and 61 is connected via a stationary DC / AC converter 63.
- Power is supplied to the load device (external device) 64 in parallel.
- the output ratio of the fuel cells 51 and 61 is controlled by the first DCZDC converter 54 on the fuel cell vehicle 50 side.
- the output from the vehicle fuel cell 51 flows in the order of the vehicle fuel cell 51 ⁇ the first DCZDC converter 54 ⁇ the second DCZDC converter 62 ⁇ the DCZA C converter 63 ⁇ the load device (external device) 64.
- the output from stationary fuel cell 61 flows in the order of stationary fuel cell 61 ⁇ second DC / DC converter 62 ⁇ DCZAC converter 63 ⁇ load device (external device) 64.
- the output is distributed by the D CZDC converter 54 provided on the side of the fuel cell (vehicle fuel cell 51), which has a relatively large output, of the two fuel cells 51, 61.
- Band of DC / DC converter 62 installed on the side of the smaller fuel cell (stationary fuel cell 61) This is advantageous in that it is not necessary to match the 51 bands.
- the transmission line points P31 and P32 in FIG. 3 and the transmission line points Pll and P12 in FIG. 4 are connected to each other via a stationary DC / AC converter 63. Electric power may be supplied from the fuel cells 51 and 61 in parallel.
- the first DCZDC converter 54 on the vehicle fuel cell 51 side controls the ratio between the output of the storage battery 55 (including negative during charging) and the total output of each fuel cell 51, 61,
- the output ratio between the fuel cells 51 and 61 is controlled by the second DC / DC converter 62 on the stationary fuel cell 61 side.
- the output from the vehicle fuel cell 51 flows in the order of the vehicle fuel cell 51 ⁇ the DC / AC converter 63 ⁇ the load device (external device) 64.
- the output from stationary fuel cell 61 flows in the order of stationary fuel cell 61 ⁇ second DC / DC converter 62 ⁇ DC / AC converter 63 ⁇ load device (external device) 64.
- This configuration is advantageous in that the storage battery 55 of the fuel cell vehicle 50 can function as a power buffer for the fuel cells 51 and 61.
- the buffer means that when the generated power of the fuel cells 51 and 61 is higher than the required power of the load device 64, the surplus power is stored in the storage battery 55, while the required power of the load device 64 is the fuel cell. If it exceeds the generated power of 51 and 61, it means that the storage battery 55 supplies power to the load device 64.
- the operating point of at least one of the fuel cells is fixed (preferably fixed to a high-efficiency operating point), or power is generated by changing in stages.
- the system efficiency is improved.
- Such power generation control and control of the output ratio between the fuel cells 51 and 61 described above are controlled by, for example, the user interface 23 described in the first embodiment or an in-vehicle computer.
- the fuel cells 51 and 61 are connected in parallel to the DC / AC converter 63, but they may be connected in series.
- the electromagnetic switch 19 described in the first embodiment is manually shut off when power is supplied.
- the electromagnetic switch 19 may be automatically shut off in conjunction with the connection of the connector 65.
- the existing DC / AC converter (power converter) 63 can also be used to convert the DC power supply for vehicles and the DC power supply for stationary use into AC power, thus realizing a simple power supply system. be able to.
- At least one of the fuel cell vehicle 50 and the stationary power supply system 60 includes a vehicle fuel cell 51 and a stationary fuel cell 61.
- DC / DC converters 54 and 62 that control the output ratio of the fuel cell vehicle 50 and 62, so it is possible to output using the existing DC / DC converters 54 and 62 provided in at least one of the fuel cell vehicle 50 and stationary power supply system 60. The distribution can be controlled.
- the power supply system according to the present invention is suitable for converting direct current power of a vehicle fuel cell and a stationary fuel cell into alternating current power and supplying it to a load device.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/908,624 US7839020B2 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-21 | Electric power supply system |
| AU2006240708A AU2006240708B2 (en) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-21 | Electric power supply system |
| CN2006800111915A CN101156295B (zh) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-21 | 电力供应系统 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005124601 | 2005-04-22 | ||
| JP2005-124601 | 2005-04-22 | ||
| JP2006116695A JP4520959B2 (ja) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-20 | 電力供給システム |
| JP2006-116695 | 2006-04-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006115201A1 true WO2006115201A1 (ja) | 2006-11-02 |
Family
ID=37214817
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/308420 Ceased WO2006115201A1 (ja) | 2005-04-22 | 2006-04-21 | 電力供給システム |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7839020B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4520959B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101156295B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2006240708B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006115201A1 (ja) |
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| JPH03284104A (ja) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-12-13 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 移動電源車 |
| JPH08317566A (ja) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-29 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池利用の電源装置 |
| JPH09215225A (ja) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-15 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 発電システムおよびその制御方法 |
| JP2002135906A (ja) * | 2000-10-19 | 2002-05-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | ハイブリッド自動車 |
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| WO2009056088A1 (de) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-05-07 | Enerday Gmbh | Kraftfahrzeug mit schnittstelle zum versorgen eines fahrzeugunabhängigen stromverbrauchers |
| WO2012017649A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-09 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電力供給システム、電力供給システムの制御装置、電力供給システムの運転方法、及び電力供給システムの制御方法 |
| WO2023190772A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | 電力供給システム |
| GB2636269A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2025-06-11 | Sekisui House Kk | Power supply system |
| AU2023242518B2 (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2025-11-13 | Sekisui House, Ltd. | Power supply system |
| US12500417B2 (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2025-12-16 | Sekisui House, Ltd. | Power supply system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101156295B (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
| JP2006325392A (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
| CN101156295A (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
| US20090026841A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
| JP4520959B2 (ja) | 2010-08-11 |
| US7839020B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
| AU2006240708B2 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| AU2006240708A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
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