WO2006027995A1 - 表示装置、視野角制御装置、および電子機器 - Google Patents
表示装置、視野角制御装置、および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006027995A1 WO2006027995A1 PCT/JP2005/016003 JP2005016003W WO2006027995A1 WO 2006027995 A1 WO2006027995 A1 WO 2006027995A1 JP 2005016003 W JP2005016003 W JP 2005016003W WO 2006027995 A1 WO2006027995 A1 WO 2006027995A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- image
- display
- crystal molecules
- switching
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 63
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
Definitions
- Display device viewing angle control device, and electronic device
- the present invention relates to a display device and a viewing angle control device, and more particularly to a display device and a viewing angle control device that can be switched to a mode in which an image that is visually recognized depends on the line-of-sight direction.
- the narrow viewing angle mode is a mode in which a normal display image can be viewed from the front of the user's display and a plain image or another image can be viewed from an oblique direction.
- a wide viewing angle is required, such as when a photographed image is to be viewed by a large number of people.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-105958 (published date: April 22, 1997), which is a Japanese published patent publication
- the liquid crystal layer between a pair of substrates has a narrow viewing angle by aligning liquid crystal molecules in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, and a wide viewing angle by aligning in a parallel direction.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-62094 (published date: February 26, 2004) discloses an information display means by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal between two glass plates. A viewing angle changing means for changing the viewing angle is described.
- the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned to change the refractive index to form a narrow viewing angle mode.
- a field of view using such a refractive index is used. In the angle control, it is difficult to maintain the display quality of the image.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-264768 describes that a fixed pattern unrelated to the display signal is visually recognized from a direction other than the front direction.
- the pattern viewed from the left and the pattern viewed from the left are reversed in black and white, so that the displayed image cannot be properly hidden when viewing the direction force other than the front direction.
- the non-transparent area is increased when viewed from the right direction, the transparent area increases when viewed from the left direction.
- the transparent and transparent areas can only be made difficult to see by covering the image with a half houndstooth.
- the ratio of the non-transparent and transparent areas is half as described above, the ratio of the transparent areas is too large to hide the screen, and a sufficient visual recognition effect cannot be obtained.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-38035 is a configuration in which a large number of small liquid crystal cells are arranged in an array plate, but such a liquid crystal display device has a complicated configuration and is difficult to manufacture.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to provide a simple structure. Thus, it is to realize a display device that can maintain display quality and can hide a display image from a specific direction by mode switching.
- a display device includes a video display means for displaying an image, and a visually recognized image in a single image display mode and a multiple image display mode.
- Display switching means for automatically switching, in the single image mode, the display switching means enables the image displayed on the video display means to be viewed from any direction, and in the multiple image display mode, An image displayed on the video display means can be viewed from the front direction, and an image obtained by superimposing the switching image formed by the display switching means on the image displayed on the video display means from an oblique direction.
- the switching image is an image composed of a transmissive area and a non-transmissive area, and the ratio of the transmissive area is smaller than 50% of the entire display screen.
- the image displayed on the video display unit is formed by the display switching unit with respect to the line of sight from an oblique direction in the multiple image display mode (narrow viewing angle mode).
- the effect of preventing visual recognition can be obtained by overlaying the switching images that are displayed! / Speak.
- the switching image is an image composed of a transmissive area and a non-transmissive area, and the ratio of the transmissive area is smaller than 50% of the entire display screen (the non-transmissive area is larger than 50%).
- the visual recognition preventing effect can be made larger than before.
- the viewing angle control device of the present invention is a viewing angle control device that controls and outputs the viewing angle of incident light, and includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates and a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer. And a linear polarizing plate provided on the liquid crystal element, and a major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal element is a transmission axis of the linear polarizing plate. Or included in a plane formed by the direction of the absorption axis and the traveling direction of light, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the traveling direction of light and the traveling direction of light.
- the pattern electrode of the liquid crystal element is patterned so as to have an area of 60% or more and 80% or less of a region where the incident light is incident, at least one of the pattern electrodes of the liquid crystal element. It is characterized by that.
- a viewing angle control device By attaching such a viewing angle control device to a display device that is generally used, a display device having the above-described functions is obtained. [0016]
- the electronic apparatus of the present invention is equipped with the display device or the viewing angle control device as described above.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit of a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a display unit that can be visually recognized from the front or oblique direction when the mobile phone according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to the single image display mode.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the display unit 4 that is visually recognized from the front or oblique direction when the mobile phone according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to the multi-image display mode.
- FIG. 5 shows the display unit when the mobile phone according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to the single image display mode
- FIG. 5 (a) is a drawing viewed toward the display surface of the display unit.
- Figure (b) is a drawing viewed toward the display surface of the display unit.
- FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view showing the BB ′ cross section.
- FIG. 6 is a drawing showing a transparent electrode film disposed on a display unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows a display unit when the mobile phone according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to a multi-image display mode.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section AA ′.
- b) is a cross-sectional view showing the BB ′ cross section.
- FIG. 8 shows a display unit when a mobile phone according to another embodiment of the present invention is set to a single image display mode
- FIG. 8 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section AA ′.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing a BB ′ cross section.
- FIG. 9 shows a display unit when a mobile phone according to another embodiment of the present invention is set to a single image display mode, and FIG. 9 (a) is viewed from the display surface of the display unit.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section AA ′
- FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section BB ′.
- FIG. 10 A mobile phone according to another embodiment of the present invention is set to a multi-image display mode.
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section AA ′
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section BB ′.
- FIG. 11 shows a display unit when a mobile phone according to another embodiment of the present invention is set to a single image display mode
- FIG. 11 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section AA ′.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing a BB ′ cross section.
- FIG. 12 is a drawing showing the relationship between the elevation angle of the line of sight and the transmittance in the SW-LCD which is useful for the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a drawing showing the relationship between the elevation angle of the line of sight and the transmittance in a SW-LCD that is useful for another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit of a mobile phone according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the display unit of the mobile phone according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows the appearance of a mobile phone (electronic device) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the cellular phone 1 of this embodiment is a so-called clamshell type, and is shown in an open state in the figure.
- FIG. 2 shows an inner portion when the cellular phone 1 is closed, and a side that the user mainly uses when the cellular phone 1 is opened. Therefore, in this application, the side shown in FIG.
- the mobile phone 1 includes a main body 2 and a lid 3, and the main body 2 and the lid 3 are connected in a hinge shape.
- the lid 3 is provided with a display unit (display device) 4 on the front side.
- the main body 2 is provided with a main operation button group 6 on the front side.
- the main operation button group 6 includes a function button group 7 for performing various settings and function switching in the mobile phone 1 and an input button group 8 for inputting symbols such as numbers and letters.
- the function button group 7 includes a power button for switching ON / OFF of the power of the mobile phone, a camera button for starting the shooting mode, a mail button for starting the mail mode, and moving the selection object up / down / left / right.
- the cross button for And a determination button for determining various selections.
- the input button group 8 is a numeric keypad.
- the mobile phone 1 of the present invention is configured such that when a main image such as an e-mail text or a photographed image is displayed on the display unit 4, another image is visible on the display unit 4 from the surroundings.
- the setting that hides the e-mail body and captured images from the surroundings is called the narrow viewing angle mode (multi-image display mode), and the mode where the display on the display unit 4 can be seen from any angle as usual.
- Wide viewing angle mode single screen display mode. The user can arbitrarily change the setting between the narrow viewing angle mode and the wide viewing angle mode with the operation button.
- a switching image is preferably, for example, a pattern image composed of a transmissive region and a non-transmissive region.
- a logo such as “SHARP”
- the display unit 4 includes a second polarizing plate (second polarizing unit, linear polarizing plate) 11, a switching liquid crystal display unit (display switching unit, liquid crystal element; hereinafter referred to as SW—LCD) 12, a first polarizing plate ( (First polarizing means) 13, main liquid crystal display section (image display means, hereinafter referred to as main LCD) 14, and third polarizing plate 15 are laminated in this order, and backlight 16 is provided on the third polarizing plate side. It is installed.
- second polarizing plate second polarizing unit, linear polarizing plate
- SW—LCD switching liquid crystal display unit
- first polarizing plate (First polarizing means) 13
- main liquid crystal display section image display means, hereinafter referred to as main LCD) 14
- third polarizing plate 15 are laminated in this order, and backlight 16 is provided on the third polarizing plate side. It is installed.
- the relationship between the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 13 and the polarization transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 11 is preferably set to be parallel, but according to the requirements of the characteristics of the main LCD, the first polarization The plate 13 can have any axial angle.
- the linearly polarized light emitted from the first polarizing plate 13 set at an arbitrary axis angle is polarized so that it coincides with the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 11 with a ⁇ 2 plate as appropriate.
- the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 13 and the polarization transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 11 are set in parallel. The same effect as when it is determined can be obtained.
- the second polarizing plate 11 is attached to the SW-LCD 12, and the first polarizing plate 13 and the third polarizing plate 15 are attached to both surfaces of the main LCD 14, and the SW-LCD 12
- the side on which the second polarizing plate 11 is not attached and the main LCD are bonded to each other by the bonding portion 17 through the first polarizing plate 13.
- the adhesive part 17 may be bonded with a thermosetting or ultraviolet curable resin adhesive, or it may be fixed with V or a loose double-sided tape.
- the pasting area may be a full adhesion, or a partial adhesion such as a frame shape.
- a liquid crystal layer 43 is sealed between the transparent electrode substrates 41 and 42. By applying a voltage to the transparent electrode substrates 41 and 42 according to a control unit (not shown), the liquid crystal layer 43 An image is displayed by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules.
- the main LCD 14 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) so as to display an operation screen of the mobile phone 1, a picture, an image such as a mail text, and the like.
- a generally known liquid crystal display device may be used.
- a liquid crystal display device of any mode such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode liquid crystal display device driven by an active matrix drive method or a VA (Vertical alignment) mode display type liquid crystal display device can be used.
- a self-luminous display such as an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display device or a plasma display device may be used. In the case of the self-luminous type, no backlight is required.
- the SW-LCD 12 is formed in the order of the substrate 21, the transparent electrode film 26, the alignment film 24, the liquid crystal layer 23, the alignment film 25, the transparent electrode film 27, the substrate 22, and the force.
- the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is determined according to the alignment films 25 and 27, and the alignment direction is changed by applying a voltage from the control unit (not shown) to the transparent electrodes 26 and 27. Then, the narrow viewing angle mode and the wide viewing angle mode are switched by the change in the orientation direction.
- a liquid crystal layer 23 is disposed between the substrates 21 and 22.
- a control unit (not shown)
- the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is changed.
- the control unit has a wide viewing angle mode set by the user or a narrow viewing field.
- the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 is changed to the alignment direction for the wide viewing angle mode or the narrow viewing angle mode.
- the knock light 16 supplies light for display.
- the third polarizing plate 15 takes out linearly polarized light in a certain direction with respect to the light power of the knocklight 16 before entering the main LCD 14.
- the first polarizing plate 13 passes through the main LCD 14 and extracts linearly polarized light in a certain direction from the light before entering the SW-LCD 12.
- the second polarizing plate 11 takes out the linearly polarized light in a fixed direction with the backlight light power transmitted through the main LCD 14 and the SW-LCD 12.
- FIG. 5 (a) shows the display surface of the display unit 4 of the mobile phone 1 so that the upper and lower directions of the image on the main LCD 14 are up and down the paper surface.
- the horizontal direction on the display screen is referred to as the X direction
- the vertical direction is referred to as the y direction
- the thickness direction of the display unit 4 is referred to as the z direction.
- the transparent electrode films 26, 27 and the alignment films 24, 25 are omitted from illustration.
- the polarization transmission axes of the second polarizing plate 11 and the first polarizing plate 13 are arranged in the y direction. Further, the rubbing direction of the alignment films 24 and 25 is made parallel to the polarization transmission axes of the first and second polarizing plates 11 and 13 and opposite to each other by 180 degrees so that the alignment direction is an anti-parallel structure. Then, a horizontal alignment polyimide material is used as the alignment films 24 and 25, and the liquid crystal molecules are aligned so as to be substantially parallel to the substrates 21 and 22. Thus, the liquid crystal molecules are uniaxially oriented so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the polarized light transmission axis.
- the liquid crystal molecules of SW-LC D12 are substantially parallel to the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 13 when no voltage is applied, as shown in FIG. Uniaxially oriented.
- the light incident on the SW—LCD 12 from the backlight 16 through the main LCD 14 is transmitted through the first polarizing plate 13, so that the polarization direction of the light incident on the SW—LCD 12 and the alignment direction a of the liquid crystal molecules are substantially the same. .
- Fig. 5 (c) shows how the liquid crystal molecules are seen when the SW-LCD 12 in this state is viewed while being displaced in the X direction.
- liquid crystal molecules are projected from the front direction.
- the shape (the shape of the liquid crystal molecules as viewed from the observer 31) is the same as that of the liquid crystal molecules 35a, and the major axis direction and the deflection direction of the incident light substantially coincide.
- the angle between the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule projection and the polarization direction of the incident light is 0 degree, the incident light is transmitted without being affected by birefringence. The image of can be seen.
- the shape of the liquid crystal molecules projected from the viewpoint shifted in the X direction from the front is also the liquid crystal molecules 35b and 35c, which is The incident light deflection direction is almost the same. Therefore, the image on the main LCD 14 can be seen. In other words, the image on the main LCD 14 can be seen regardless of the direction force.
- This state that is, the state in which no voltage is applied, is set as the wide viewing angle mode.
- the transparent electrode films 25 and 26 are arranged so that the liquid crystal molecules are inclined 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 and 22 by rotation about the X direction from the state where no voltage is applied. Apply an AC voltage (eg, 100Hz, 3V).
- the state of the liquid crystal molecules at this time is shown in Figs. 7 (a) and 7 (b).
- Fig. 7 (a) shows the AA 'cross section, and it can be seen that it is inclined 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 and 22.
- Fig. 7 (b) shows the BB 'cross section, and the liquid crystal molecules are tilted about 45 degrees from the normal direction of the paper.
- the liquid crystal molecules viewed from the observer 31, that is, the projection view of the liquid crystal molecules from the front direction is the liquid crystal molecules 36a. Since the orientation change of the liquid crystal molecules is due to rotation about the X-axis direction, the polarization directions of the second polarizing plate 11 and the first polarizing plate 13 always coincide with the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 36a. For this reason, when viewed from the front (when viewed by the observer 31 in FIG. 7), the image on the main LCD 14 can be seen as it is without being affected by birefringence.
- a liquid crystal molecule seen from the viewer 32 on the left side toward the display unit 4, that is, a liquid crystal molecule projected from the left side against the substrates 21 and 22 is shown as a liquid crystal molecule 36b.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule projection diagram is incident. It has a light polarization direction and a crossing angle. Therefore, when viewed from the observer 32, light is not transmitted through the SW-LCD 12 due to the influence of the birefringence of the liquid crystal, and the image of the main LCD 12 cannot be seen.
- the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the narrow viewing angle mode is not limited to the inclination of 45 degrees with respect to the substrate 21 ⁇ 22, but any angle as long as it is inclined with respect to the substrate 21 ⁇ 22 Even if it is inclined at a degree, it does not work. In other words, it is sufficient if it is smaller than the tilt angle when it is substantially parallel to the substrates 21 and 22 and larger than the tilt angle when it is substantially vertical (that is, if it is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees).
- the inclination angle is preferably 10 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less, and more preferably 40 degrees or more and 50 degrees or less. This is because the birefringence increases as the inclination angle approaches 45 degrees, and the image can be well hidden. In addition, when the tilt angle is small, the drive voltage becomes small, so that power consumption can be reduced.
- the electrode is formed in the shape of the switching image (black portion) as described in Fig. 4.
- the electrode is formed in the shape of the switching image (black portion) as described in Fig. 4.
- the electrode is formed in the shape of the switching image (black portion) as described in Fig. 4.
- the electrode is formed in the shape of the switching image (black portion) as described in Fig. 4.
- the voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal molecules, so that the orientation direction is substantially the same as that of the substrates 21 and 22 as when no voltage is applied. It is parallel. Therefore, at least the part where no voltage is applied to one transparent electrode film, SW-LC Unaffected by birefringence in D14. Therefore, the image seen by the observers 32 and 33 is like the display part 4 in Fig. 6 where light is blocked at the part where the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules and light is transmitted at the part where the voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal molecules. It becomes an image.
- SW—LCD liquid crystal molecular alignment example 2 is explained using FIG.
- Liquid crystal molecule alignment example 2 is realized by using SW-LCD 12 'using an alignment film using a polyimide material of a vertical alignment material instead of alignment films 24 and 25 in SW-LCD 12.
- the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned so as to be substantially perpendicular to the electrode substrates 21 and 22.
- the liquid crystal molecules of 3 1 ⁇ -1 1 012 ' are uniaxially aligned with the substrate 21'22 in a state where no voltage is applied. That is, when viewed from the front, the liquid crystal molecules 37a appear to be a perfect circle (when the projection diagram is a perfect circle, all directions are considered to be major axis directions). When the directional force other than the normal plane is also seen, the major axis direction becomes the X direction like the liquid crystal molecules 37b'37c. Therefore, the long-axis direction b and the incident light polarization direction are 90 degrees when projected from any direction including the front direction.
- the transparent electrode film 26 ⁇ so that the liquid crystal molecules tilt 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 ⁇ 22 by rotating around the X direction from the state of the wide viewing angle mode. Apply an AC voltage to 27.
- the state of the liquid crystal molecules at this time is the same as in SW-LCD alignment example 1 shown in Fig. 7.
- FIG. 9 (a) shows the display unit 4 of the mobile phone 1 so that the vertical direction of the display screen is the vertical direction of the page.
- the polarization transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 13 and the second polarizing plate 11 are arranged in the X direction.
- the rubbing direction of the alignment films 24 and 25 is perpendicular to the polarization transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 13 and the second polarizing plate 11 (y direction) and opposite to each other by 180 degrees, and the alignment direction is antiparallel. Make the structure.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned so as to be substantially parallel to the substrates 21 and 22.
- the liquid crystal molecules are uniaxially aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially perpendicular to the polarization transmission axis of the polarizing plate.
- the liquid crystal molecules of the SW-LCD 12 are parallel to the substrates 21 and 22 and the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 13 without voltage applied. Uniaxially oriented to make a right angle.
- the light incident from the knock light 16 through the main LCD 14 is transmitted through the first polarizing plate 13, so that the polarization direction of the light incident on the SW—LCD 12 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to each other.
- Figure 9 (c) shows how the liquid crystal molecules appear when the SW-LCD 12 in this state is viewed in the X direction.
- the shape when projected from the front direction (the shape of the liquid crystal molecules as viewed from the observer 31) is the liquid crystal molecules 38a, and the major axis direction c of the projected liquid crystal molecules and the deflection direction of the incident light becomes a right angle.
- the angle between the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule projection and the polarization direction of the incident light is 90 degrees, the incident light is transmitted without being affected by birefringence.
- the image on the main LCD 14 can be seen as it is. This state, that is, the state in which no voltage is applied, is set as the wide viewing angle mode.
- the transparent electrode films 25 and 26 are arranged so that the liquid crystal molecules are inclined 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 and 22 by rotation about the X direction from the state where no voltage is applied. Apply AC voltage.
- the state of the liquid crystal molecules at this time is shown in FIG. Fig. 10 (a) shows the A-A 'cross section, and it can be seen that it is inclined 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 and 22.
- Fig. 10 (b) shows the BB 'cross section, and the liquid crystal molecules are inclined 45 degrees from the normal direction of the paper.
- the liquid crystal molecules seen from the observer 31, that is, the projection view of the liquid crystal molecules from the front direction is the liquid crystal molecules 39a. Since the change in the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is due to rotation about the X direction, the polarization directions of the second polarizing plate 11 and the first polarizing plate 13 are perpendicular to the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 39a. Therefore, the projection diagram of the liquid crystal molecules, the major axis direction, and the polarization direction of the incident light are substantially perpendicular. Therefore, when viewed from the front (observer When viewing 31), the image on the main LCD 14 is visible without being affected by birefringence.
- the liquid crystal molecules viewed from the viewer 32 on the left side toward the display unit 4, that is, the projection power of the liquid crystal molecules from the left side directed to the substrates 21 and 22 become liquid crystal molecules 39b.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule projection diagram has a crossing angle with the polarization direction of the incident light. Therefore, when viewed from the observer 32, light does not pass through the SW-LCD 12 due to the influence of the birefringence of the liquid crystal, and the image of the main LCD 12 cannot be seen.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule projection diagram has a crossing angle with the polarization direction of the incident light. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the observer 33, light cannot be transmitted through the SW-LCD 12 due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal, and the image of the main LCD 12 cannot be seen.
- the display unit 4 When a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode base films 26 and 27 by the mechanism as described above, as shown in Fig. 4, the display unit 4 is viewed from the front (when viewed by the observer 31).
- the image of the main LCD 14 can be seen as it is without being affected by birefringence, but when viewed from a direction other than the front (when viewed by the observer 32 ⁇ 33), the SW-LCD 12 is affected by the effect of birefringence. The light is not transmitted and the image on the main LCD 14 becomes invisible.
- SW—LCD liquid crystal molecule alignment example 4 will be described with reference to FIG.
- Alignment example 4 is realized by using SW-LCD 12 'using an alignment film using a polyimide material of vertical alignment material instead of alignment films 24 and 25 in alignment example 3 of SW-LCD.
- the As a result, the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned so as to be substantially perpendicular to the substrates 21 and 22.
- the liquid crystal molecules of 3 1 ⁇ -1 1 012 ' are uniaxially aligned with the substrate 21'22 in a state where no voltage is applied. That is, as shown in Fig. 11 (b), when the frontal force is also seen, it looks like a perfect circle of the liquid crystal molecule 40a. When viewed from a direction other than the front, the major axis direction appears to be the X direction as in the liquid crystal molecules 40b and 40c. Therefore, liquid crystal molecules Regardless of the direction of projection including the direction orthogonal to the substrate, the major axis direction and the polarization direction of the incident light coincide.
- the transparent electrode film 26 ⁇ so that the liquid crystal molecules tilt 45 degrees with respect to the substrates 21 ⁇ 22 by rotating around the X direction from the state of the wide viewing angle mode. Apply an AC voltage to 27.
- the state of the liquid crystal molecules at this time is the same as that of SW-LCD alignment method 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing measurement results when the SW-LCD of liquid crystal molecule alignment example 1 is set to the multiple image display mode.
- the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing plate is arranged in the vertical direction, and the target point is not changed from the line of sight (normal angle) perpendicular to the display unit 4 (elevation angle 0 degree).
- the viewpoint was shifted left and right.
- the viewpoint is shifted from the elevation angle of 0 degrees until the angle between the direction perpendicular to the display unit 4 and the line of sight reaches 80 degrees (until the elevation angle reaches 80 degrees), and the line of sight elevation angle and the line of sight are visually recognized.
- SW— LCD transmittance was measured.
- the horizontal axis of the graph indicates the elevation angle, and the vertical axis indicates the transmittance.
- the SW-LCD was measured using a retarding force S500mn, 600nm, 800nm, lOOOnm, 150Onm as seen from the frontal force.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the measurement results when the SW-LCD of the liquid crystal molecule alignment example 3 is set to the multiple image display mode in the same manner.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the polarization transmission axis as in liquid crystal molecule alignment example 1. Note that the characteristics of the curve are similar to those in Fig. 12, so select the optimal retardation pattern in the same way.
- the SW-LCD uses the SW-LCD to switch between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. Visibility when viewed from an oblique direction does not necessarily completely block the image on the display unit 4.
- the main LCD image is hidden around the line of sight from an elevation angle of 30 ° to 50 °! /, In this case, the transmittance is low in this range!
- a SW—LCD of 500 nm to 600 nm may be used.
- SW-LCD 12 in order to solve this problem, at least one of transparent electrode films 26 and 27 is subjected to patterning, and in the narrow viewing angle mode, the switching image generated by this patterning is generated.
- the switching image generated by this patterning is generated.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-264768 describes a configuration in which a fixed pattern irrelevant to the display signal is visible from a direction other than the front direction. The pattern seen from the direction and the pattern seen from the left direction are reversed in black and white.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-264768 is decisively different from the present invention.
- the fixed pattern has half of the non-transparent and transparent regions, and is recognized as a similar image even if black and white are reversed. It is required to make an image like
- black and white inversion does not occur in the line of sight from the left and right.
- the switching images that can be seen are the same, and the contents of the switching images are not particularly limited. That is, it may be a regular pattern image such as a dot or stripe, or an image obtained by combining a logo with a pattern image such as this. Furthermore, images with no regularity, such as character images and character images, can be used.
- the switching images that can be seen from the left and right forces are the same, so that the non-transmission area and the non-transmission area are not.
- the ratio to the transmission region can be set arbitrarily. For this reason, in the above switching image, by reducing the area ratio of the transmissive region to less than 50% of the entire display screen, more preferably 40% or less, the display on the main LCD is less visible from the left and right. The effect of hiding the screen can be enhanced.
- the area of the transmissive region is too small, it is difficult to obtain the effect of reducing the visibility of the image by superimposing the switching image on the image of the main LCD. From this viewpoint, the area of the transmissive region is desirably 20% or more. As a result of visual observation, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the effect of hiding the display screen for viewing from the left and right is good when the area ratio of the transmissive region is 20% or more and 40% or less. It was the best when about 30%.
- the SW-LCD 12 is described above as an example in the front (display surface side) of the main LCD 14, the back of the main LCD 14 (opposite of the display surface) as shown in the display section 44 in FIG. Side), it is possible to control the incidence of light on the main LCD 14, so the viewing angle can be controlled.
- the polarizing plates 11 and 17 are arranged on both sides of the main LCD 14, and the polarizing plate 13 is arranged on the outer surface of the SW-L CD12.
- the force of the SW—LCD12 force S The main image 14 has a clearer outline of the image superimposed on the SW—LCD12.
- the SW-LCD 12 may be on the front or back, but when performing reflective liquid crystal display, the incident light SW-LCD12 must be placed in front of the main LCD14 because it reflects without passing through the main LCD14.
- the image display means does not use a liquid crystal display device such as the main LCD 14, but instead uses a self-luminous display such as an organic EL display device or a plasma display device, the SW— The LCD 12 needs to be arranged in front of the image display means.
- the SW-LCD 12 is behind the main LCD 14, light is not attenuated by the SW-LCD 12 when the main LCD 14 is displayed in a reflective liquid crystal display. Therefore, in the case of a transflective liquid crystal display device or a reflective liquid crystal display in the single image display mode, the SW-LCD 12 is preferably disposed on the back surface of the main LCD 14.
- the SW-LCD 12 is provided with a pattern electrode in which a logo portion is hollowed out, and a multi-image mode is provided. In this mode, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is changed at a position corresponding to the pattern electrode.
- the SW-LCD 12 may be driven in a matrix manner.
- the orientation of liquid crystal molecules corresponding to each pixel on the SW-LCD 12 may be controlled by switching a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) provided in the pixel.
- TFT Thin Film Transistor
- an image signal can be supplied to the SW-LCD 12 and the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules can be changed in a region corresponding to the image signal, so that any image or moving image can be put on the image of the main LCD 14. it can.
- the display device is a force that controls the viewing angle so that the image cannot be seen from an oblique direction (from the left or the right from the front) when directed to the image on the main LCD 14. Not limited to this, you can control the viewing angle so that you can see the diagonally upward and diagonally downward force images.
- the image display means and the image display means are arranged so that the horizontal direction of the image displayed on the image display means is substantially parallel to the plane drawn by the dots on the liquid crystal molecules when the orientation changes. Please stick to the display switching means.
- the display device of the present embodiment uses the first polarizing plate 13 and the second polarizing plate 11 having the same polarization transmission axis, but the polarization transmission axes have an axial angle. Even if it is provided, as shown in FIG. 15, if the polarization rotating member 50 that rotates the polarization direction of the incident light is arranged between the second polarizing plate 11 and the substrate 21, the same function is provided. be able to.
- the polarization rotating member 50 rotates the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal molecules so that the linearly polarized light is extracted by the second polarizing plate 11, so that the first polarizing plate 13 and the second polarizing plate Even if the polarization transmission axes of the polarizing plate 11 do not coincide with each other, the second polarizing plate 11 can take out linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal molecules.
- a 1/2 ⁇ plate (retardation plate) can be used as the polarization rotation member 50.
- the polarization rotating member 50 is disposed between the first polarizing plate 13 and the second polarizing plate 11, either on the light incident side from the liquid crystal layer or on the light emitting side. Also good. Alternatively, the polarization rotating member 50 may be installed on the light incident side from the first polarizing plate 13.
- the power described in the case where the present invention is applied to the liquid crystal display portion of the mobile phone is not limited to this.
- a mopile personal computer, an AV device, a DVD player, etc. The present invention can be applied to a portable electronic device having a display device. Alternatively, it can be applied to a non-portable display device and can be a display that can display differently depending on the viewing direction. May be used.
- the display device electrically switches the image display means for displaying an image, and the image to be viewed between the single image display mode and the multiple image display mode.
- the display switching means enables the image displayed on the video display means to be viewed from any direction in the single image mode, and from the front direction in the multiple image display mode. Makes it possible to visually recognize the image displayed on the video display means, and from an oblique direction, the image displayed on the video display means is overlaid with the switching image formed by the display switching means.
- the switching image is an image composed of a transparent region and a non-transparent region, and the ratio of the transparent region is smaller than 50% of the entire display screen! /
- the image displayed on the video display unit is formed by the display switching unit with respect to the line of sight from an oblique direction in the multiple image display mode (narrow viewing angle mode).
- the effect of preventing visual recognition can be obtained by overlaying the switching images that are displayed! / Speak.
- the switching image is an image composed of a transmissive area and a non-transmissive area, and the ratio of the transmissive area is smaller than 50% of the entire display screen (the non-transmissive area is larger than 50%).
- the visual recognition preventing effect can be made larger than before.
- the ratio of the transmissive area is 20% or more and 40% or less of the entire display screen.
- the display switching unit is a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, and further includes a first polarizing unit that causes linearly polarized light in a certain direction to enter the display switching unit.
- Second polarization means for extracting linearly polarized light in a certain direction out of the light emitted from the display switching means, and the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer when projected from the direction orthogonal to the substrate.
- the major axis direction and the linear polarization direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal molecules are always substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular, and the second polarization means takes out the linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal molecule.
- the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to the substrate, and a plurality of images are displayed.
- its long axis direction It can be a oriented with Ru configured so as to be inclined with respect to board.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is included in the plane formed by the direction of the transmission axis or absorption axis of the first polarizing means and the traveling direction of light,
- the liquid crystal molecules can take a state in which the major axis direction is substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the light traveling direction and a state inclined with respect to the light traveling direction.
- the inclination means that it is neither parallel nor perpendicular to a certain direction or a certain plane.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is substantially parallel to the substrate and substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to the polarization transmission axis of the first polarizing means.
- the single screen display mode is tilted in the direction perpendicular to the substrate.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is substantially perpendicular to the substrate in the single screen display mode, and in the single image display mode, the first polarization It is inclined in a plane substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to the polarization transmission axis of the means and perpendicular to the substrate.
- the light incident on the display switching means becomes linearly polarized light in a certain direction by the first polarizing means.
- the major axis direction when the liquid crystal molecules are projected from the direction orthogonal to the substrate is always substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the first polarizing means.
- the polarization transmission axes of the first polarization means and the second polarization means are set in the same direction, or the linearly polarized light emitted from the first polarization means is polarized so as to coincide with the transmission axis of the second polarization means.
- the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to the substrate. Since it is straight, the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules when projected from an oblique direction is the same as when viewed from the front. Therefore, even when viewed from an oblique direction, no birefringence occurs in the liquid crystal molecules.
- Incident light can pass through the liquid crystal layer and the second polarizing means, and the image on the video display device can be visually recognized.
- the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is inclined with respect to the substrate, so the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules when projected from an oblique direction is the polarization direction of the incident light. And have a crossing angle. Therefore, when viewed from an oblique direction, birefringence occurs in the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer changes, and it becomes impossible to pass through the second polarizing means, and the image on the video display device is visually recognized. become unable.
- the image displayed by the video display means can be viewed with any directional force, and in the multiple image mode, the image displayed by the video display means can be viewed only from a specific direction. Therefore, with this display device, the viewing angle can be changed according to the situation such as browsing confidential documents in public places or viewing captured images with a large number of people.
- the viewing angle is controlled by controlling the birefringence, the display quality of the video display device can be kept good with a simple configuration.
- the display switching means includes a pattern electrode formed in a specific shape on at least one of the pair of substrates, and the switching is performed according to the shape of the pattern electrode. An image can be formed.
- the switching image can be visually recognized as a specific shape corresponding to the pattern electrode.
- the viewing angle control device of the present invention is a viewing angle control device that controls and outputs the viewing angle of incident light, and includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates and a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer. And a linear polarizing plate provided on the liquid crystal element, and a major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal element is a transmission axis of the linear polarizing plate. Or included in a plane formed by the direction of the absorption axis and the traveling direction of light, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the traveling direction of light and the traveling direction of light.
- the pattern electrode of the liquid crystal element is patterned so as to have an area of 60% or more and 80% or less of a region where the incident light is incident, at least one of the pattern electrodes of the liquid crystal element. It is characterized by that.
- the electronic device of the present invention is equipped with the display device or the viewing angle control device as described above.
- the display device of the present invention can be set to a mode in which different images are visually recognized depending on the direction of the line of sight. It can be applied to displays of electronic devices.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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JP2006535707A JP4494410B2 (ja) | 2004-09-07 | 2005-09-01 | 表示装置、視野角制御装置、および電子機器 |
US11/574,609 US7834834B2 (en) | 2004-09-07 | 2005-09-01 | Display device, viewing angle control device, and electronic apparatus |
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JP2004260282 | 2004-09-07 | ||
JP2004-260282 | 2004-09-07 |
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US (1) | US7834834B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4494410B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100809231B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100445810C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006027995A1 (ja) |
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JP2007171906A (ja) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-07-05 | Lg Phillips Lcd Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070063529A (ko) | 2007-06-19 |
CN100445810C (zh) | 2008-12-24 |
CN101010620A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
JPWO2006027995A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
KR100809231B1 (ko) | 2008-03-05 |
US20080316366A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
JP4494410B2 (ja) | 2010-06-30 |
US7834834B2 (en) | 2010-11-16 |
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