WO2006008901A1 - 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006008901A1 WO2006008901A1 PCT/JP2005/011294 JP2005011294W WO2006008901A1 WO 2006008901 A1 WO2006008901 A1 WO 2006008901A1 JP 2005011294 W JP2005011294 W JP 2005011294W WO 2006008901 A1 WO2006008901 A1 WO 2006008901A1
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- color
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
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- color filter
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
- G02F1/133555—Transflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
Definitions
- Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that displays an image by both reflective display and transmissive display, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- liquid crystal display devices are widely used in electronic devices such as monitors, projectors, mobile phones, and personal digital assistants (hereinafter referred to as “PDA”).
- PDA personal digital assistants
- Such liquid crystal display devices include a reflection type, a transmission type, a reflection transmission type, and the like.
- a reflective liquid crystal display device has a configuration in which ambient light is guided into a liquid crystal panel and reflected by a reflective layer to obtain a reflective display.
- a transmissive liquid crystal display device obtains a transmissive display by emitting light from a light source (hereinafter described as an example of a backlight) provided on the back side of the liquid crystal panel to the outside through the liquid crystal panel. It is a configuration.
- a reflection / transmission type liquid crystal display device can hardly recognize a reflection display in an environment where there is almost no ambient light such as at night, and therefore almost only a transmission display is observed.
- ambient conditions such as fluorescent lamps (hereinafter referred to as “indoor environment”)
- outdoor environment an environment such as sunlight
- the reflection display using the ambient light is mainly used.
- the display can be recognized regardless of the surrounding brightness.
- reflection-and-transmission type liquid crystal display devices can be displayed in any environment, both indoors and outdoors, and are therefore often installed in mono equipment such as mobile phones, PDAs, and digital cameras.
- a reflection / transmission type liquid crystal display device two types of display areas, a reflection area used for reflection display and a transmission area used for transmission display, are formed on the liquid crystal panel. .
- the transmissive region the light emitted from the knocklight passes through the color filter only once and is emitted to the outside.
- the reflective area the surrounding area that has passed through the color filter Light is reflected by the reflective layer, passes through the color filter again, and is emitted to the outside.
- the number of times the light that is useful for display passes through the color filter differs between the transmission region and the reflection region.
- the color filter of the reflective region is formed with the same color material as the transmissive region with the same film thickness, and an uncolored region is formed in the reflective region.
- the reflective display becomes bright even when a color filter having a color reproduction range suitable for transmissive display is formed.
- a color filter suitable for reflective display is formed in the reflective region, and a color filter suitable for transmissive display is formed in the transmissive region.
- a color filter with a color reproduction range suitable for transmissive display is formed and the reflective display is brightened.
- the fourth method is suitable for transmissive display by forming the color filter in the reflective region with the same color material as the transmissive region and a thickness smaller than that of the transmissive region. This is a method to brighten the reflective display even if a color filter with a color reproduction range is formed.
- a color filter has a plurality of filters corresponding to a plurality of primary colors, for example, three types of filters of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
- a large number of colors can be displayed by individually adjusting the amount of light transmitted through these primary color filters. That is, the color of light emitted from the color filter is expressed by a mixture of a plurality of primary colors.
- the interior of the polygon obtained when the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the primary color of the light emitted from the color filter are shown on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on the CIE (International Commission on Illumination).
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is defined by the polygonal area calculated using the scale of the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram. Therefore, when the color reproduction range of the color filter is narrow, the color obtained is a low saturation color, and when the color reproduction range of the color filter is wide, even a high saturation color can be expressed, so the display color can be varied. . Further, the wider the color reproduction range of the color filter, the smaller the amount of light transmitted through the color filter.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2000-111902 (April 21, 2000)
- Patent Document 2 JP 2001-183646 (published July 6, 2001)
- Patent Document 3 JP 2002-296582 (published 9 October 2002)
- both the reflective display and the transmissive display are observed in an indoor environment.
- the reflective display is brightened, the light is projected from the reflective area.
- Display light (hereinafter referred to as “reflection display light”) has a narrow color reproduction range.
- reflection display light has a narrow color reproduction range.
- transmission display light the color mixture of the reflected display light and the transmissive display light is recognized as the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is a color reproduction range visually recognized when an observer actually observes the liquid crystal display device.
- the polygons obtained when the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the primary color of reflected display light or transmitted display light are shown in the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE.
- the inside of the shape is the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is defined by the polygonal area calculated using the scale of the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram. Therefore, the color obtained when the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is narrow is a low-saturation color, and when the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is wide, a color with high saturation can be expressed. You can hesitate.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is the same in the reflective area and the transmissive area, but the number of times light passes through the color filter differs between the reflective display and the transmissive display.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device for reflection display becomes wider, in other words, the reflection display becomes dark, and thus it is considered unsuitable for a reflection / transmission type liquid crystal display device.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device differs between the reflective display and the transmissive display.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is different between the reflective display and the transmissive display. This difference in the color reproduction range is not a big problem for displays that do not place importance on colors, such as graphic displays and text displays, but in recent years even with mopile devices, it has become more detailed than natural TV images and photographs. The need to display color images has become a major obstacle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of reducing the difference in color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device between the reflective display and the transmissive display, and a preferred manufacturing method thereof.
- a liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a color filter having at least three n-color filters, and performs a reflective display and a transmissive display.
- the color filter is an n-color filter under the condition of a D light source and a 2 ° field of view.
- n light passing through the filter is shown as chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of n points on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram, the color is defined by the polygonal area with the n points as vertices
- the reproduction range is 0.079 or more, and both the reflective display and the transmissive display are displayed using the color filter.
- a color filter having at least three n-color filters is provided, and one color filter among the n-color filters is formed corresponding to each of a plurality of pixels, and the reflective display performs reflection display.
- the one color filter corresponding to one pixel region has the same configuration in the reflective region and the transmissive region.
- the color filter has a D light source and a 2 ° field of view.
- n-point chromaticity coordinates (X, y) on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram The color reproduction range defined by the area is 0.079 or more.
- the color filter has a color reproduction range power of 0.140 or less.
- the liquid crystal display device is characterized in that a contrast ratio when performing transmissive display is 100 or more, and a contrast ratio when performing reflective display is 20 or more and 50 or less.
- the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device, and the manufacturing method includes one color filter out of n color filters included in the color filter in the transmission region. And a step of forming a filter having the same color as the one color filter included in the color filter in the reflective region.
- color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device a value obtained by dividing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display by the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmission display (hereinafter referred to as “color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device”).
- the ratio of “enclosed ratio” can be close to 1.00, so the viewer will hardly feel the difference in the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device, regardless of whether the reflective display or the transmissive display is dominant. .
- the preferable lower limit of the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.095.
- the difference in color reproduction range between the color filter in the reflective area and the color filter in the transmissive area is preferably 0.007 or less. Good.
- the color filter has the same configuration in the transmissive region and the reflective region, that is, different configurations in the reflective region and the transmissive region by having the same color material and almost the same film thickness.
- the color filter formation process can be simplified as compared with the case where the color filter is provided. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the upper limit of the color reproduction range of the color filter is preferably 0.140 or less, and more preferably 0.130.
- the liquid crystal display device has a contrast ratio of 100 or more when performing transmissive display and a contrast ratio of 20 when performing reflective display. As mentioned above, it is preferable that it is 50 or less.
- the filter in the reflective region and the filter of the same color in the transmissive region can be formed in the same process. In comparison, the process for forming the color filter can be simplified.
- the present invention further relates to a liquid crystal display device that performs reflective display and transmissive display, and includes an n-color filter having at least three colors, and the n-color filter under the condition of a D light source and a 2 ° field of view.
- n-color light is shown as chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of n points on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram, the color reproduction defined by the polygonal area with the n points as vertices It is also a liquid crystal display device having a color filter that has a range of 0.079 or more and is used for both reflective display and transmissive display.
- the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be made close to 1.00, so that the observer can display the liquid crystal regardless of whether the reflective display or the transmissive display is dominant. There is almost no difference in the color reproduction range of the display device.
- the preferable lower limit of the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.095.
- the difference in color reproduction range between the color filter in the reflection area and the color filter in the transmission area is preferably 0.007 or less.
- the color reproduction range power of the color filter is 0.140 or less, and a more preferable upper limit is 0.130.
- the liquid crystal display device has a contrast ratio of 100 or more when performing transmissive display, and a contrast ratio of 20 when performing reflective display. As mentioned above, it is preferable that it is 50 or less.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is slightly different, but the difference is small. Therefore, in the present invention, when the contrast ratio is 100 or more, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device can be regarded as being constant. Further, when the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.130, the contrast ratio when performing transparent display is 100 or more, and the contrast ratio when performing reflective display is 20, the liquid crystal display device The color reproduction range ratio can be set to about 0.90, and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be made closer to 1.00.
- the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which a reflective area for performing reflective display and a transmissive area for performing transmissive display are formed in one pixel area, and has an n-color filter having at least three colors.
- One color filter out of the n color filters is formed corresponding to each of a plurality of pixels, and the one color filter corresponding to one pixel region is divided into the reflection region and the transmission region. It has the same configuration and transmits the n color filter under the condition of D light source and 2 ° field of view.
- n-color light is shown as n-point chromaticity coordinates (X, y) on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram
- the color reproduction range defined by the polygonal area with the n-point as a vertex is It is also a liquid crystal display device including a color filter of 0.79 or more.
- the color gamut ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be brought close to 1.00. Therefore, even if either the reflective display or the transmissive display is dominant, the observation is performed. The person hardly feels the difference in the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device.
- the color filter has the same configuration in the transmissive region and the reflective region, that is, the same color material and almost the same film thickness. As a result, the color filter forming process can be simplified as compared with the case where color filters having different configurations are provided in the reflective region and the transmissive region. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the preferable lower limit of the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.095. If the color reproduction range of the color filter is too wide, the amount of light transmitted through the color filter is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the color reproduction range power of the color filter is 0.140 or less, and a more preferable upper limit is 0.130.
- the liquid crystal display device has a contrast ratio of 100 or more when performing transmissive display and a contrast ratio when performing reflective display.
- It is preferably 20 or more and 50 or less.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is slightly different, but the difference is small. Therefore, in the present invention, when the contrast ratio is 100 or more, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device can be regarded as being constant. Further, when the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.130, the contrast ratio when performing transparent display is 100 or more, and the contrast ratio when performing reflective display is 20, the liquid crystal display device The color reproduction range ratio can be set to about 0.90, and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be made closer to 1.00.
- the present invention further forms a filter of one color among the n-color filters of the color filter of the transmission region and a filter of the same color as the one-color filter of the color filter of the reflection region. It is also a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device including the step of:
- the filter in the reflective region and the filter of the same color in the transmissive region can be formed in the same process, so compared with the case of forming in separate steps.
- the color filter forming process can be simplified.
- a knock light, a transmissive electrode disposed on the front surface (display side) of the backlight and transmitting light from the backlight, and the backlight described above A reflective electrode that is disposed on the front side and reflects light incident from the front side; and the light that is disposed on the front side of the transmissive electrode and the reflective electrode and that is transmitted through the transmissive electrode; the light that is incident from the front side; The light reflected from the front surface of the light incident from the front is allowed to pass through and passes through an n-color filter under the condition of a D light source and a 2 ° field of view.
- first form a form having a color filter of 079 or more (hereinafter referred to as “first form”).
- the first form is the Since the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.079 or more, the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be brought close to 1.00.
- the color filter may have a configuration in which a portion used for transmissive display and a portion used for reflective display are different from each other.
- a knock light and a front light (display side) than the backlight are arranged, and light from the backlight is allowed to pass through.
- n light passing through the filter is shown as chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of n points on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram
- the color is defined by the polygonal area with the n points as vertices
- a form having a color filter having a reproduction range of 0.079 or more (hereinafter referred to as “second form”).
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is 0.079 or more, the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device can be brought close to 1.00.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display can be brought close to the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can display almost the same color reproduction range regardless of the ambient light environment. Further, such a liquid crystal display device can be obtained at low cost by a simple manufacturing method.
- the liquid crystal display device that is useful in this embodiment is a liquid crystal display device that performs reflective display and transmissive display.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.
- the liquid crystal display device has a configuration in which a liquid crystal layer 13 is sandwiched between a counter substrate 11 and a pixel substrate 12.
- One pixel area is a part combining the reflection area a and the transmission area b shown in FIG.
- the reflective area a is used for reflective display. It is a pixel region, and the transmissive region b is a pixel region used for transmissive display.
- the counter substrate 11 includes a retardation plate 22 and a polarizing plate 23 on the outside of the glass substrate 21, and a color filter 24 on the inside of the glass substrate 21.
- the phase difference plate 22 adjusts the polarization state of the light transmitted through itself.
- the phase difference plate 22 is preferably used together with the polarizing plate 23 to improve the contrast ratio of the reflective display.
- the ⁇ 4 phase difference plate, the ⁇ 4 phase difference plate, and the ⁇ 2 phase difference plate include
- the two retardation plates may be laminated with the polarizing plate 23 side.
- the polarizing plate 23 transmits only light of a specific polarization component.
- the color filter 24 selects the color of light that passes through itself. That is, the color filter 24 is formed by forming a plurality of filters each having one color of red (R) filter, green (G) filter, and blue ( ⁇ ) filter corresponding to one pixel area. A filter of one color is formed on each of the pixels. Each of the R, G, and B filters mainly transmits the red, green, and blue components of the incident light.
- the color filter 24 is formed of the same color material and substantially the same film thickness in both the reflection region a and the transmission region b. That is, in one pixel region, the filter has the same configuration in the reflective region a and the transparent region b.
- the filter "same configuration” means that the filter formed in the reflective region a and the transmissive region b is formed of the same color material, that is, a filter colored with the same dye or pigment. Having substantially the same film thickness.
- substantially equal film thickness means that it is within the range of so-called variation that occurs in the normal manufacturing process, and means that the film thickness should be actively changed!
- a light shielding film 25 may be provided between the filters of the color filter 24. In this case, although it is difficult to form the color filter 24 with a uniform thickness due to the influence of the light shielding film 25, it is practically negligible.
- the pixel substrate 12 includes a phase difference plate 32 and a polarizing plate 33 outside the glass substrate 31, and a resin film 36, a reflective electrode 34, and a transparent electrode 35 inside the glass substrate 31. It is a configuration. Similar to the phase difference plate 22, the phase difference plate 32 adjusts the polarization state of the light transmitted therethrough. It is something to be arranged.
- the retardation plate 32 is preferably used together with the polarizing plate 33 to improve the contrast ratio of the reflective display.
- the ⁇ 4 retardation plate, the ⁇ 4 retardation plate, and the ⁇ 2 retardation plate are ⁇ 2 Examples include those laminated with the retardation plate on the polarizing plate 33 side.
- the polarizing plate 33 transmits only light of a specific polarization component.
- the reflective electrode 34 functioning as a reflective layer is an electrode having a light reflective function, and is made of metal such as Al, Ag, and alloys thereof.
- the transparent electrode 35 is an electrode made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or silver.
- the resin film 36 is disposed below the reflective electrode 34 in the reflection region a, and the resin film 36 forms a liquid crystal layer 13 corresponding to the reflection region a and a liquid crystal layer 13 corresponding to the transmission region b. Change the thickness (hereinafter referred to as “cell gap”)!
- a knock light 14 is provided on the opposite side of the pixel substrate 12 from the liquid crystal layer 13.
- the knock light 14 is a light source used in transmissive display.
- the retardation plate 22 and the polarizing plate 23 may be disposed on the liquid crystal layer 13 side of the glass substrate 21.
- the phase difference plate 32 and the polarizing plate 33 may be disposed on the liquid crystal layer 13 side of the glass substrate 31.
- the retardation plates 22 and 32 and the polarizing plates 23 and 33 may be formed by applying more than just the attached ones! /.
- the reflective electrode 34 may be a simple reflective layer that does not function as an electrode, and the electrode may be formed separately.
- the reflective layer may be provided on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer 13 with respect to the glass substrate 31.
- the reflective layer or the reflective electrode 34 may have a light scattering property by making the surface uneven, or may be a mirror surface. In the case of a mirror surface, it is preferable to provide a separate light scattering layer. This light scattering layer may be used in combination with the light scattering property of the reflective layer or the reflective electrode 34.
- the cell gap between the reflective region a and the transmissive region b may be made equal without forming the resin film 36.
- the liquid crystal layer 13 may be a liquid crystal material exhibiting positive dielectric anisotropy, or may be a liquid crystal material exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy. Even if it is a division
- the light shielding film 25 is formed of an inorganic material other than only a resin material. However, it may be formed by combining both of these.
- CCFT Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tube
- HCFT Hot Cathode Fluorescent Tube
- white LED light emitting diode
- multi-color LED or the like is used. It doesn't matter.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is as described above, and passes through the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE through the primary color of light emitted from the color filter, that is, the filters of each color constituting the color filter. It is defined by the area of the polygon calculated using the scale of the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram inside the polygon obtained when the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of light are shown. It is a thing.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is a condition of a D light source and a 2 ° field of view.
- the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light that passes through the filter of each color in are defined by the polygonal area obtained when shown in the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE.
- the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light passing through each color filter under the conditions of 65 light sources and 2 ° field of view are shown in the state where the filter is formed on a single filter or a glass substrate. Calculated from the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light transmitted in the normal direction.
- the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light transmitted through the filter in the normal direction of the surface are the same as those obtained by forming the filter 41 on the glass substrate 40 on the backlight 14a. It is measured using the photoreceiver 51 with the knock light 14a turned on.
- the light source is not limited to the backlight 14a, but may be a halogen lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like as long as it is irradiated with light in the entire visible light region (380 ⁇ ! To 780 nm).
- each color filter is formed as a plurality of fine patterns. Therefore, using a microspectroscope or the like as the light receiver 51, the measurement is performed so that the measurement range per one time is within one note. In the present embodiment, this measurement range is 30 / ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- a thin film such as a base film or a protective film is formed between the glass substrate 40 and the filter 41, and the protective film is formed on the filter 41. It may be in the state of These glass substrate 40, base film, and protective film are almost colorless and transparent. The influence on the degree coordinate (x, y) is negligible because the numerical value at the third place after the decimal point changes by 1 even if it is roughly estimated.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is shown in the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE in the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device. ) Is defined inside the polygon obtained by using the scale of the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is the chromaticity coordinates (X, X) of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device under the measurement condition of a light receiving angle of 2 ° using a knock light source. It is defined as the polygonal area obtained when y) is shown in the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE.
- the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device under the measurement condition of the light receiving angle of 2 ° using the backlight light source is the normal line of the display surface from the liquid crystal display device. It is calculated from the chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of the light of each primary color emitted in the direction.
- chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display in the normal direction of the display surface are as shown in FIG. Is measured on the backlight 14a and the backlight 14a is turned on, and the light is measured in the dark room using the light receiver 51.
- a spectroradiometer SR-3 (trade name) manufactured by Topcon Corporation was used as the light receiver 51.
- chromaticity coordinates (X, y) of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display in the normal direction of the display surface are as shown in FIG. Is measured with the light receiver 51 in a state where the backlight 14b is not turned on and the diffusion irradiation unit 52 is turned on.
- an LCD5200 (trade name) manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. is used as an apparatus including the light receiver 51 and the diffusion irradiation unit 52.
- a liquid crystal display device that performs both transmissive display and reflective display has, for example, a configuration in which one pixel region includes a reflective region and a transmissive region.
- the light viewed by the observer is reflected through the transmitted display light using the knocklight as the light source and the ambient light as the light source. It is light that is mixed with radiant display light.
- the reflected display light is transmitted through the color filter twice, and the transmitted display light is transmitted through the color filter only once.
- the color reproduction range (hereinafter referred to as “reflection filter color range”) of the color filter corresponding to the reflective display is obtained by transmitting light twice through the color filter.
- the color filter color reproduction range (hereinafter referred to as “transmission filter color range”) corresponding to transparent display is obtained by transmitting light through the color filter only once.
- the color reproduction range is the same.
- the reflection filter color range and the transmission filter color range are equal.
- the reflection filter color range is obtained by passing light through the color filter twice, so it is wider than the color filter color reproduction range. Therefore, in order to make the reflection filter color range and the transmission filter color range equal, it is conceivable to change the film thickness of the color material of the color filter between the reflection region and the transmission region.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device depends not only on the color reproduction range of the color filter but also on the contrast ratio, which is the performance of the liquid crystal panel as an optical shutter.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device is approximately equal to the color reproduction range of the color filter if the contrast ratio is 100 or more.
- the contrast ratio is less than 100, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device becomes narrower than the color reproduction range of the color filter.
- the reason that the contrast ratio is small is that light leakage occurs in black display. This is the same as light leaking from other filters, for example, trying to transmit light only from the R filter. In this case, the saturation of red is low in the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device, and is narrower than the color reproduction range of the color filter. This naturally occurs with other color filters.
- the reason why the contrast ratio is reduced is the force that ambient light reflects unnecessarily on the surface and inside of the liquid crystal panel. As a result, even if, for example, only the R filter transmits force light, color mixture with unnecessary reflected light is observed. In this case as well, the color of the liquid crystal display device Red saturation is lower in the reproduction range, and narrower than the color reproduction range of the color filter.
- the contrast ratio in transmissive display is usually 100 to 200, and the contrast ratio in reflective display is usually about 20 to 50 in the case of a liquid crystal display device using a polarizing plate. Therefore, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display is almost equal to the transmission filter color range, but the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display is narrower than the reflection filter color range.
- Contrast ratio changes with ambient light.
- the contrast ratio in an indoor environment is 1000, in an outdoor environment it is almost drastically reduced to 10 or less.
- This unnecessary reflection includes reflection on the surface of the liquid crystal display device and internal reflection of the liquid crystal display device.
- the reflection on the surface is an interface reflection that occurs at the interface between the surface and air.
- the internal reflection is interface reflection between layers having different refractive indexes constituting a liquid crystal display device.
- ambient light serving as a light source for reflective display is diffused light that is incident from all directions except in special cases. That is, ambient light incident from all directions is It passes through the liquid crystal layer in various optical paths and in various polarization states, and reaches the viewer without being completely shielded from light. Therefore, the contrast ratio in the reflective display is lower than that in the transmissive display, about 10 to 50, and about 20 to 50 when the polarizing plate is used.
- the color reproduction of the color filter 24 is performed so that the color reproduction ranges of the reflective display and the transmissive display liquid crystal display device are almost equal. Designing range. Specifically, the color filter 24 having the same configuration in the reflection area a and the transmission area b and having a color reproduction range of 0.079 or more is used.
- a color reproduction range of 0.079 or more corresponds to 50% or more in terms of NTSC ratio.
- the NTSC ratio is the ratio of the area of a polygon showing the color reproduction range on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE.
- the area ratio of the target polygon to the reference polygon is the NTSC ratio.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device which are useful in the present embodiment, are shown in the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram as shown in FIG. It is represented by the area of a triangle whose apex is the degree coordinate (x, y).
- the color filter may be provided with filters of four colors or more.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device are represented by a polygonal area corresponding to the number of colors of the filter.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter shown in this embodiment and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device are preferred, the range, etc., and what color and number of colors are used. Even in this case, it is as effective as when using R, G, and B color filters.
- the color filter 24 having a color reproduction range of 0.114 (NTSC ratio 72%) is used. As described above, the color reproduction range of the color filter 24 is measured under the conditions of the D light source and the 2 ° field of view. Reflection filter color at this time The range is 0.145 (91% of NTSC) because light passes through the color filter 24 twice.
- the reflection filter color range is determined when the light passes through the filter twice using the Lambert-Beer law from the spectral transmittance of each color filter (transmittance for each wavelength) without actually measuring it.
- Calculation method of tristimulus values XYZ in XYZ color system based on CIE
- chromaticity coordinates XYZ color system chromaticity diagram based on CIE
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display. As shown in FIG. 5, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in reflective display becomes narrower than 0.145 (NTS C ratio 91%), which is the reflective filter color range, as the contrast ratio decreases.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device when the contrast ratio changes can be calculated by the following method.
- tristimulus values (XYZ in the XYZ color system based on CIE) of the color filter are obtained.
- the tristimulus values (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the color filter for example, for the R filter
- the tristimulus values (X, ⁇ , ⁇ ) are calculated using the above tristimulus value calculation method.
- tristimulus values (X, ⁇ , ⁇ ), ( ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ) can be obtained from the spectral transmittance.
- the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of R, G, and B can be obtained using the above chromaticity coordinate calculation method.
- tristimulus values (XYZ in the XYZ color system based on CIE) of the liquid crystal display device are obtained.
- the tristimulus values (X, Y, Z) of the liquid crystal display device are, for example, the G, B image in the case of the R pixel.
- the liquid crystal display device without the color filter shows the highest transmittance (the highest gradation among the gradation displays, the gradation showing the highest transmittance) (in the case of reflective display).
- Reflectance is ⁇ , the state showing the lowest transmittance (gradation display w
- C contrast ratio at this time may be represented by T / ⁇
- the light leakage of the R and B pixels can be considered, and in the case of the B pixel, the light leakage of the R and G pixels can be taken into consideration.
- R, G, and B chromaticity coordinates (x, y) can be obtained using the above chromaticity coordinate calculation method.
- the broken line in FIG. 5 indicates 0.114 (NTSC ratio 72%) which is the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display with a contrast ratio of 100 or more.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display is equal to the color reproduction range (0.114) of the color filter. This is due to the difference in spectral characteristics between the D light source and the backlight 14. Whether the impact is considered
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display when the contrast ratio is 30 is 0.116 (73% of NTSC ratio), and the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display has the color reproduction range. Since the color reproduction range is 0.114 (72% of NTSC) as described above, the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.02, and the difference between the two is small.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device at this time on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display when the contrast ratio is 30 is indicated by a solid line
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display when the contrast ratio is 100 or more is indicated by a broken line.
- the reproduction range of both colors is a triangle with almost the same width and almost the same range.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display when the contrast ratio is 20, is 0.105 (66% NTSC ratio), and the contrast ratio is 50.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display is 0.127 (80% of NTSC).
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device for display is 0.114 (72% NTSC ratio) as described above, so the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device when the contrast ratio is 20 to 50 is 0.92. ⁇ 1.11.
- a color filter 24 having a color reproduction range of 0.047 (NTSC ratio 30%) is used. As described above, the color reproduction range of the color filter 24 is measured under the conditions of the D light source and the 2 ° field of view. Reflection filter color at this time
- the range is 0.090 (57% of NTSC) because light passes through the color filter 24 twice.
- This color filter corresponds to the first method described as the prior art in this specification.
- a color filter having an NTSC ratio of 30 to 40% is generally used, and the NTSC ratio is at most about 45% at most.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display. As shown in FIG. 7, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in reflection display becomes narrower than the reflection filter color range of 0.090 (NTS C ratio 57%) as the contrast ratio decreases.
- the broken line in Fig. 7 indicates 0.048 (NTSC ratio 30%), which is the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display with a contrast ratio of 100 or more.
- NTSC ratio 30% the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display with a contrast ratio of 100 or more.
- the force that the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display is slightly wider than the color reproduction range of the color filter (0.047 (NTSC ratio 30%)).
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display is 0.066 (NTSCit42%) to 0.080 (NTSCit50%).
- the color gamut ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.38 to L67, and there is a large difference between the two.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram. is there.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display when the contrast ratio is 30 is indicated by a solid line
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display when the contrast ratio is 100 or more is indicated by a broken line.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display is a clearly larger triangle than the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmissive display.
- the color reproduction range in the reflective display is 0.073 (46% NTSC ratio), and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.52.
- a color filter 24 having a color reproduction range of 0.079 (NTSC ratio 50%) is used. As described above, the color reproduction range of the color filter 24 is measured under the conditions of the D light source and the 2 ° field of view. Reflection filter color at this time
- the range is 0.119 (75% of NTSC) because light passes through color filter 24 twice.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display. As shown in FIG. 9, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display becomes narrower than the reflection filter color range of 0.119 (NTS C ratio 75%) as the contrast ratio decreases.
- the broken line in FIG. 9 indicates 0.0080 (NTSC ratio 50%), which is the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display with a contrast ratio of 100 or more.
- 0.0080 NSC ratio 50%
- the force that the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display is slightly wider than the color reproduction range of the color filter (0.079 (NTSC ratio 50%)).
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display is 0.086 (NTSC ratio 55%) to 0.104 (NTSC ratio 66%). ). Therefore, the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.08 ⁇ : L30, the difference between the two is
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram. It is.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflection display when the contrast ratio is 30 is indicated by a solid line
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmission display when the contrast ratio is 100 or more is indicated by a broken line.
- the two-color reproduction range is a triangle having almost the same area and almost the same width.
- the color reproduction range in the reflective display is 0.096 (61% compared to NTSC).
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device can be achieved by setting the color reproduction range of the color filter to 0.079 (NTSC ratio 50%) or more.
- the range ratio can be reduced.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter 24 is 0.
- the color range is 0.130 (82% of NTSC) because light passes through the color filter 24 twice.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display. As shown in FIG. 11, the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display becomes narrower than 0.130 (NTSC ratio 82%), which is the reflective filter color range, as the contrast ratio decreases.
- the broken line in FIG. 11 indicates 0.095 (NTSC ratio 60%), which is the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display with a contrast ratio of 100 or more.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display is equal to the color reproduction range (0.095) of the color filter. 1S This is due to the difference in spectral characteristics between the D light source and the backlight 14 Not considering
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in reflective display is from 0.095 (NTSC ratio 60%) to 0.114 (NTSC ratio 72% ). Therefore, the color gamut ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.00 ⁇ : L 20, and the difference between the two is a practical problem. Untitled, so small! /, And! /
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram.
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the reflection display when the contrast ratio is 30 is indicated by a solid line
- the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device in the transmission display when the contrast ratio is 100 or more is indicated by a broken line.
- the two-color reproduction range is a triangle having almost the same range and almost the same width.
- the color reproduction range in the reflective display is 0.105 (67% NTSC ratio), and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 1.11.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the color reproduction range of the color filter and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device.
- the solid line represents the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device when the contrast ratio in the reflective display is 50 and the contrast ratio in the transmissive display is 100 or more.
- the broken line is the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device when the contrast ratio in the reflective display is 20 and the contrast ratio in the transmissive display is 100 or more.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is set to 0.079 (Fig. 13).
- the color gamut ratio of the liquid crystal display device can approach 1.00.
- the color reproduction range of the color filter is less than 0.079, the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device suddenly increases. Therefore, if the color reproduction range of the color filter is set to 0.079 or more, the same color reproduction range is displayed in the reflective display and the transmissive display regardless of the ambient light environment. be able to.
- the Y value of the color filter (Y in the XYZ color system based on CIE) can be set to 20% or more. It is preferable to do the following:
- the Y value of the color filter referred to here means the average value of the Y values of the respective colors in the case of a color filter composed of, for example, three color filters of R, G, and B. Therefore, Even if the Y value of any one or two color filters is less than 20%, there is no practical problem if the average value of the three color filters is 20% or more. Absent. The same applies to color filters composed of four or more colors.
- the color filter 24 having the same configuration is used for the reflective area a and the transmissive area b.
- the color filter formation process can be simplified compared to the case where the color filters having different configurations are provided in the two regions a ′ b, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the reflection filter color range is inevitably wider than the color reproduction range of the color filter.
- the contrast ratio in the reflective display is smaller than that in the transmissive display in the indoor environment. Therefore, considering the reduction in contrast ratio in reflective display, the color reproduction range of the color display of the reflective display and transmissive display can be made closer by setting the color reproduction range of the color filter to 0.079 or more. Become.
- a semi-transmissive film using a semi-transmissive film in which one pixel area is not divided into a reflective area and a transmissive area can also be applied to a liquid crystal display device of a type.
- the semi-transmissive film a half mirror or a highly thin metal film having a high reflectance is known.
- the semipermeable membrane may be used as an electrode when formed of a conductive material such as metal.
- the semi-transmissive film may be laminated with the transparent electrode with the transparent electrode facing the liquid crystal layer or the semi-transmissive film facing the liquid crystal layer.
- the color filter 24 having the same configuration is used for the reflective area a and the transmissive area b, but the color reproduction range of the color filters in the reflective area a and the transmissive area b is 0.00.
- the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device is within a range that can be adjusted to 0.70 to L30 as described above, the configurations of the color filters of the reflection region a and the transmission region b are different. It does not matter.
- the reflective display is dark and inappropriate.
- the color reproduction range is wider than that of the color filter configuration, and the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device for reflection display and transmission display can be made closer by using the color filter.
- This is different from the conventional technical idea that it is difficult for an observer to recognize the display in the reflective display unless the brightness is secured. In the reflective display, the brightness is sacrificed. It is based on the technical idea that the observer can recognize the display more easily by expanding the color reproduction range.
- the transmissive display light and reflected display light having a color close thereto are observed.
- the display light with high saturation that is almost the same as the display light alone is observed.
- transmitted light with high saturation is low in saturation and mixed with reflected display light, resulting in lower saturation than observing only transmitted display light. The display light will be observed.
- the reflected display light having a color close to the transmissive display light is observed, and the observer is different in color from the transmissive display light. There is almost no feeling. Even if the color reproducibility of the color filter is widened, the darkness of the display does not feel much because the light source is sunlight. On the other hand, a conventional color filter that ensures the brightness of the reflective display observes reflected display light that is clearly less saturated than the transmitted display light.
- the color reproduction range is wider than that of the conventional reflection / transmission type liquid crystal display device, and the color filter is used. Can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring the chromaticity of light transmitted through the filter in the normal direction of the surface.
- the dotted line in a figure represents the normal line direction of the surface of a filter.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring the chromaticity of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device in transmissive display in the normal direction of the display surface.
- the dotted line in the figure represents the normal direction of the display surface of the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring the chromaticity of light of each primary color emitted from the liquid crystal display device in the reflective display in the normal direction of the display surface.
- the dotted line in the figure represents the normal direction of the display surface of the liquid crystal display device.
- the white arrow represents the light emitted from the diffusion irradiation unit 52.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram when the contrast ratio in the reflective display of Embodiment 1 is 30.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram when the contrast ratio in the reflective display of Comparative Example 1 is 30.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram when the contrast ratio in the reflective display of Embodiment 2 is 30.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast ratio in the reflective display and the color reproduction range in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the color reproduction range on the XYZ color system chromaticity diagram when the contrast ratio in the reflective display of Embodiment 3 is 30.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the color reproduction range of the color filter and the color reproduction range ratio of the liquid crystal display device. Explanation of symbols
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JP4029663B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-22 | 2008-01-09 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 半透過反射型液晶装置、およびそれを用いた電子機器 |
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CN100353234C (zh) | 2002-08-30 | 2007-12-05 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 彩色液晶显示装置 |
US7420632B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-09-02 | Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Color filter and liquid crystal display device provided with the same |
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2005
- 2005-06-20 WO PCT/JP2005/011294 patent/WO2006008901A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-06-20 JP JP2006528526A patent/JP4781268B2/ja active Active
- 2005-06-21 US US11/157,153 patent/US7903206B2/en active Active
- 2005-06-23 TW TW094120969A patent/TWI279592B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JPH10339871A (ja) * | 1997-06-06 | 1998-12-22 | Sharp Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
JP2001056466A (ja) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-02-27 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶装置及び電子機器 |
JP2003005175A (ja) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-08 | Kyocera Corp | 半透過型液晶表示装置 |
JP2003121632A (ja) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-23 | Toray Ind Inc | 液晶表示装置用カラーフィルターおよびその製造方法ならびにそれを用いたカラー液晶表示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4781268B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
JPWO2006008901A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
TWI279592B (en) | 2007-04-21 |
US7903206B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
US20050285996A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
TW200617440A (en) | 2006-06-01 |
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