WO2006001210A1 - アルカリ電池 - Google Patents
アルカリ電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006001210A1 WO2006001210A1 PCT/JP2005/011020 JP2005011020W WO2006001210A1 WO 2006001210 A1 WO2006001210 A1 WO 2006001210A1 JP 2005011020 W JP2005011020 W JP 2005011020W WO 2006001210 A1 WO2006001210 A1 WO 2006001210A1
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- nickel
- oxyhydroxide
- positive electrode
- manganese
- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/32—Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
- H01M6/08—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with cup-shaped electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an alkaline battery as a primary battery. More specifically, the present invention includes a so-called inside-out structure in which a positive electrode mixture includes diacid-manganese and oxyhydroxide-nickel as active materials. And relates to nickel manganese batteries.
- Alkaline batteries include a positive electrode case that also serves as a positive electrode terminal, a positive electrode material mixture pellet containing a cylindrical manganese dioxide and disposed in close contact with the inside of the positive electrode case, and a positive electrode material mixture pellet. And an inside-out structure comprising a gelled zinc negative electrode disposed via a separator.
- the positive electrode mixture for alkaline batteries generally contains electrolytic manganese dioxide and a graphite conductive agent.
- Nickel oxyhydroxide used in alkaline batteries is generally obtained by oxidizing spherical or hen egg-shaped nickel hydroxide for alkaline storage batteries with an oxidizing agent such as an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution ( (See Patent Document 2).
- an oxidizing agent such as an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution
- a nickel hydroxide hydroxide having a bulk density (tap density) of 8 type structure is used as a raw material.
- nickel oxyhydroxide and nickel composed of crystals having a j8 structure are obtained.
- nickel hydroxide for alkaline storage batteries containing cobalt, zinc and the like may be used as a raw material (see Patent Document 3).
- nickel hydroxide crystals, cobalt, zinc, and the like are dissolved, and a solid solution of hydroxide nickel is formed.
- Patent Document 4 a proposal to use a substantially spherical oxyhydroxide nickel in an alkaline battery (see Patent Document 4), a proposal to use a solid solution nickel oxyhydroxide containing zinc (see Patent Document 5), zinc
- Patent Document 6 there are some proposals (see Patent Document 6) that use cobalt-containing solid solution oxyhydroxide-nickel.
- Each of these proposals can be regarded as a slide of well-known technology related to the positive electrode of alkaline storage batteries (secondary batteries) to primary battery applications.
- an alkaline battery including a positive electrode mixture in which oxyhydroxide-nickel is mixed as described above has a lower storage performance than an alkaline battery not including oxyhydroxide-nickel.
- an alkaline battery not including oxyhydroxide-nickel When the battery is stored at a high temperature, there is a problem that the self-discharge of the positive electrode is large. Therefore, the application of technologies related to alkaline storage batteries (secondary batteries) to primary batteries is also being considered in order to improve such problems.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-72266
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-80513
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-77129
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-8650
- Patent Document 5 JP 2002-75354 A
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-203546
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-15106
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-289187
- Patent Document 9 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-357844
- Patent Document 10 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-8649
- Patent Document 11 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-151545 Disclosure of the invention
- An alkaline battery including a positive electrode mixture in which nickel hydroxide and nickel is mixed has a significantly improved discharge performance as compared with a conventional alkaline battery.
- an alkaline battery generally employs an inside-out battery structure with a simple manufacturing process. For this reason, compared to alkaline storage batteries and lithium ion secondary batteries that employ a spiral (winding) battery structure, the internal resistance of the battery is large, resulting in a voltage drop during heavy load discharge or pulse discharge. There is a big problem!
- the present invention improves the characteristics of an alkaline battery during heavy load discharge or pulse discharge by improving the physical properties of nickel oxyhydroxide constituting the positive electrode active material. Chino.
- the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an alkaline electrolyte
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode mixture including electrolytic manganese dioxide and oxyhydroxide-nickel, and oxyhydroxide-nickel.
- (1) has at least Mg-dissolved crystals
- (2) has a tap density of 2 gZcm 3 or more when the total number of tappings is 500 times
- (3) has a volume-based average particle size of 8-20 ⁇ m.
- m and (4) an alkaline battery having an average valence of nickel of 2.95 to 3.05.
- the content of Mg in the total of Ni and Mg contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is preferably 0.1 to 7 mol%.
- the crystal of nickel oxyhydroxide is particularly desirable for further dissolving at least one element M selected from the group force consisting of Zn, Co and Mn.
- the present invention particularly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an alkaline electrolyte, and the positive electrode includes a positive electrode mixture including an electrolytic manganese dioxide and oxyhydroxide-nickel, and oxyhydroxide-nickel.
- (1) has a crystal that dissolves at least Mg as an essential component and dissolves at least one element M selected from the group consisting of Co, Zn, and Mn.
- (2) The total number of tappings is 500.
- the tap density (hereinafter referred to as the tap density (500 times)) is 2 gZcm 3 or more, (3) the volume-based average particle diameter is 8 to 20 m, and (4) the average valence of nickel Relates to an alkaline battery having a value of 2.95 to 3.05.
- the content of Mg in the total of Ni, Mg and element M contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is 0.1 mol% or more.
- the total content of Mg and element M in the total of Ni, Mg, and element M is preferably 7 mol% or less.
- the content of element M in the total of Ni, Mg and element M contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is preferably 0.05 to 4 mol% or more.
- the content of electrolytic diacid-manganese in the total of electrolytic manganese dioxide and nickel oxyhydroxide contained in the positive electrode mixture is 20 to 90 wt%, and The nickel hydroxide content should be 10-80wt%! /.
- the positive electrode mixture further contains a graphite conductive agent.
- the content of the graphite conductive agent in the total of the electrolytic manganese dioxide, nickel oxyhydroxide, and black lead conductive agent contained in the positive electrode mixture is 3 to 10 wt%. It is desirable.
- the positive electrode mixture is further selected from the group consisting of Y 2 O, Er 2 O, Tm 2 O, Yb 2 O, and Lu 2 O.
- the positive electrode mixture contains a rare earth oxide
- the content of rare earth oxide in the total of electrolytic manganese dioxide, nickel oxyhydroxide, graphite conductive agent, and rare earth oxide contained in the positive electrode mixture is 0.1. Desirable to be ⁇ 2 wt%.
- the oxidation-reduction potential (discharge voltage) and electronic conductivity of the oxyhydroxide-nickel are enhanced. Therefore, the battery characteristics at the time of heavy load discharge or at nors discharge can be greatly improved.
- the tap density (500 times) is as high as 2 gZcm 3 or more, and the volume-based average Since the particle size (D50) is relatively large at 8-20 ⁇ m! /, And nickel oxyhydroxide is used, the moldability of the cathode mixture is improved and high-density filling of the cathode active material into the battery is possible. It is.
- nickel oxyhydroxide which dissolves Mg and has an average valence of nickel in the range of 2.95 to 3.05, tends to increase the self-discharge of the battery due to its high acid-reduction potential. .
- This tendency is significantly improved by regulating the volume-based average particle diameter of nickel oxyhydroxide to 8-20 ⁇ m and the tap density to 2 gZcm 3 or more. This is considered to be because the contact between the particles in the positive electrode mixture formed into a pellet is improved.
- FIG. 1 is a front view, partly in section, of an alkaline battery according to an example of the present invention.
- the positive electrode included in the alkaline battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode mixture containing electrolytic dimanganese manganese and nickel oxyhydroxide as a positive electrode active material.
- oxyhydroxide-nickel is a solid solution composed of crystals in which at least Mg is dissolved.
- the redox potential (discharge voltage) of such a solid solution of oxyhydroxide nickel is high and the electron conductivity is high. Therefore, the characteristics at the time of heavy load discharge or pulse discharge of the battery can be greatly improved.
- the content of Mg in the total of Ni and Mg contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is preferably 0.1 to 7 mol%, more preferably 2 to 5 mol%. If the content of Mg in the total of Ni and Mg is less than 0.1 mol%, the effect of increasing the oxidation-reduction potential and electron conductivity of nickel oxyhydroxide may not be sufficiently exhibited. In addition, if the Mg content in the total of Ni and Mg exceeds 7 mol%, the Ni content in nickel oxyhydroxide will be relatively reduced, and the battery capacity cannot be secured. There are cases.
- Oxyhydroxide-nickel crystals dissolve Mg as an essential element, and It is particularly desirable to dissolve at least one element M selected from the group force consisting of n, Co and Mn.
- the content of Zn in the total of Ni, Mg, and Zn contained in nickel hydroxide is preferably 0.05 to 4 mol%, more preferably 1 to 3 mol%.
- the content of Mg in the total of Ni, Mg, and element M contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is 0.1 mol% or more, Further, it is at least 2 mol%, and the total content of Mg and element M in the total of Ni, Mg and element M is preferably 7 mol% or less, and more preferably 5 mol% or less.
- the tap density (500 times) of oxyhydroxide-nickel contained in the positive electrode mixture is controlled to 2 g / cm 3 or more, preferably 2. lgZcm 3 or more.
- the tap density (500 times) is less than 2 gZcm 3 , it is difficult to obtain a high-density positive electrode mixture.
- the volume-based average particle diameter (D50) is controlled to 8 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 15 ⁇ m.
- D50 volume-based average particle diameter
- Nickel hydroxide which is a raw material of nickel oxyhydroxide, is bonded with dissolved Mg and element M. In the case of a solid solution composed of crystals, it may be difficult to obtain a high density hydroxyammonium hydroxide with high tap density. Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable to optimize the crystallization conditions of nickel hydroxide as a raw material to synthesize high tap density nickel hydroxide and convert it to oxyhydroxide nickel.
- the crystallization conditions to be optimized include pH and temperature in the tank for synthesizing nickel hydroxide and nickel, and the concentration of -eckel ammine complex ions.
- pH 12.8-8.1
- temperature 45-50 ° C.
- nickel ammine complex ion concentration 10-15 mgZL are preferable.
- the average valence of nickel of nickel oxyhydroxide used in the present invention is 2.95-3.
- the nickel valence of nickel hydroxide and nickel can be controlled within the above range by adjusting the conditions for oxidizing the raw material nickel hydroxide with an oxidizing agent (such as sodium hypochlorite).
- the average valence of nickel contained in nickel oxyhydroxide can be determined, for example, by the following ICP emission analysis and acid reduction titration.
- ICP analysis it is possible to measure the weight ratio of metal elements in nickel hydroxide and nickel.
- a predetermined amount of nickel oxyhydroxide and nickel is added to a nitric acid aqueous solution and heated to prepare a solution by completely dissolving nickel oxyhydroxide.
- “VISTA-RL” manufactured by VARIAN can be used as the analyzer.
- the weight ratio of elements such as nickel, aluminum, manganese and cobalt contained in nickel oxyhydroxide is determined.
- potassium iodide and sulfuric acid are added to oxyhydroxide-nickel and thoroughly stirred until the oxyhydroxide-nickel is completely dissolved.
- high valences, nickel ions, manganese ions, and cobalt ions are converted to divalent by oxidizing potassium iodide into iodine.
- the generated 'free iodine is 0. ImolZL of sodium thiosulfate in water Titrate with liquid. The titration at that time reflects the amount of nickel ion, manganese ion, and cobalt ion that have a higher valence than the above divalent.
- the oxyhydroxide-nickel The average valence of nickel is estimated.
- the average valence of Mn and Co can be estimated by fitting the equilibrium potential of nickel oxyhydroxide to the pH-potential diagram (pool bay diagram) of Mn or Co.
- electrolytic manganese dioxide is superior in terms of capacity per unit weight (mAhZg), ease of filling into the battery, material price, etc. .
- nickel hydroxide and nickel are superior in terms of discharge voltage, heavy load discharge characteristics, and pulse discharge characteristics.
- the contents of nickel oxyhydroxide and electrolytic manganese dioxide in the total amount of nickel oxyhydroxide and electrolytic manganese dioxide contained in the positive electrode mixture are respectively 10-80 wt% and 20-90 wt% are preferred. Further, from the viewpoint of obtaining a battery having a particularly excellent balance of characteristics, it is more preferable that the content ratios of nickel oxyhydroxide and electrolytic manganese dioxide are 30 to 60 wt% and 40 to 70 wt%, respectively! .
- the content of oxy nickel hydroxide in the total amount of oxyhydroxide-nickel and electrolytic diacid-manganese contained in the positive electrode mixture Is preferred to be 60-80wt%! / ,.
- the volume energy density of the active material in the positive electrode mixture is preferably higher.
- the content of the graphite conductive agent in the total of the nickel oxyhydroxide, electrolytic dimanganese manganese and graphite conductive agent contained in the positive electrode mixture is preferably 3 to: L0 wt%. More preferably, it is 5-8 wt%.
- the content of the graphite conductive agent is less than 3 wt%, the electron conductivity of the entire positive electrode mixture may be insufficient.
- the content of the graphite conductive agent exceeds 10 wt%, the proportion of the active material in the positive electrode mixture may be reduced, and the volume energy density of the positive electrode mixture may be insufficient.
- Graphite As the conductive agent, for example, various artificial graphites and natural graphites having an average particle diameter of 10 to 30 m can be used alone or in combination.
- the positive electrode mixture is further selected from the group consisting of Y 2 O, Er 2 O, Tm 2 O, Yb 2 O, and Lu 2 O.
- the positive electrode mixture contains a rare earth oxide
- the content of the rare earth oxide in the total of electrolytic manganese dioxide, nickel oxyhydroxide, graphite conductive agent and rare earth oxide contained in the positive electrode mixture is 0.1 to 2 wt% is preferable, and 0.5 to 1.5 wt% is more preferable.
- the nickel ammine complex ion concentration in the tank was 10 mg / L, and the residence time of the generated particles in the tank was 15 hours. Subsequently, the obtained particles were heated in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution different from the above to remove sulfate radicals. Then wash the particles with water and vacuum dry Thus, raw material nickel hydroxide a (composition: Ni Mg (OH)) was obtained.
- the obtained raw material nickel hydroxide a was composed of crystals having a ⁇ -type structure.
- the raw material hydroxide nickel a had the following physical properties.
- volume-based average particle size about 11 m
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- the tap density was measured using “Tap Densator KYT-3000” manufactured by Seishin Co., Ltd. in accordance with the method shown in JIS-K5101. The same is true for the following!
- the volume-based average particle diameter was measured with “Microtrac particle size distribution analyzer FRA” manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd. The same applies to the following.
- oxyhydroxide-nickel A was composed of crystals having a j8 type structure.
- oxyhydroxide-nickel A had the following physical properties. -The average valence of the kettle was measured by the method described above. The same applies to the following.
- volume-based average particle size 11 m
- oxyhydroxide-nickel B to D were each composed of a crystal having a ⁇ -type structure.
- oxyhydroxide-nickel B to C all had the following physical properties.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- Electrolytic manganese dioxide, nickel oxyhydroxide A, and graphite were blended in a weight ratio of 50: 45: 5 and mixed to obtain a positive electrode mixture powder.
- the positive electrode mixture powder was stirred with a mixer, mixed until uniform, and sized to a constant particle size.
- As the alkaline electrolyte a 40% by weight aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide was used.
- the obtained granular material was press-molded into a hollow cylindrical shape to obtain positive electrode mixture pellet A.
- positive electrode mixture pellets B to D were obtained by performing the same operation as above using oxyhydroxide-nickel B to D, respectively.
- AA-sized nickel manganese batteries A, B, C, and D were prepared in the following manner. The filling amount of the positive electrode mixture into the batteries was the same for all the batteries.
- Fig. 1 is a front view showing a cross section of a portion of the nickel manganese battery fabricated here.
- the positive electrode case 1 which also serves as the positive electrode terminal, a can-shaped case made of nickel-plated steel plate was used. A graphite coating film 2 was formed on the inner surface of the positive electrode case 1.
- a plurality of short cylindrical positive electrode mixture pellets 3 were inserted.
- the positive electrode material mixture pellet 3 was re-pressurized in the positive electrode case 1 and adhered to the inner surface of the positive electrode case 1.
- a separator 4 was inserted into the space of the positive electrode mixture pellet 3 and brought into contact with the hollow inner surface.
- An insulating cap 5 was placed on the bottom of the can-shaped case in the hollow.
- an alkaline electrolyte was poured into the positive electrode case 1 to wet the positive electrode material mixture pellet 3 and the separator 4. After injecting the electrolytic solution, the gelled negative electrode 6 was filled inside the separator 4.
- sodium polyacrylate as a gelling agent sodium polyacrylate as a gelling agent
- an alkaline electrolyte, and zinc powder as a negative electrode active material were used.
- a resin sealing plate 7 having a short cylindrical center portion and a thin outer peripheral portion force and having an inner groove at the peripheral end portion of the outer peripheral portion was prepared.
- the peripheral edge of the bottom plate 8 that also serves as the negative electrode terminal was fitted.
- An insulating washer 9 was interposed between the sealing plate 7 and the bottom plate 8.
- a nail-like negative electrode current collector 10 was inserted into the hollow of the central portion of the sealing plate 7.
- the opening end portion of the positive electrode case 1 was pressed against the peripheral edge portion of the bottom plate 8 via the peripheral edge portion of the sealing plate 7 to seal the opening of the positive electrode case 1. Finally, the outer surface of the positive electrode case 1 was covered with an exterior label 11 to complete a nickel manganese battery.
- the first nickel manganese batteries A to D were each continuously discharged at a constant power of 1 W at 20 ° C, and the discharge time until the battery voltage reached the final voltage of 0.9 V and the average voltage during discharge were calculated. It was measured. The results are shown in Table 1. However, the discharge times obtained for batteries A to C are shown relative to nickel manganese battery D, with the discharge time obtained for nickel mangan battery D as the reference value 100.
- the first nickel manganese batteries A to D were each pulse-discharged at 20 ° C.
- the battery was discharged for 10 seconds at a constant current of 1A, and then the discharge was stopped for 50 seconds.
- OCV open circuit voltage
- the cumulative discharge time until the battery voltage at pulse discharge reached 0.9V were measured.
- Table 1 the cumulative discharge times obtained for batteries A to C are shown as relative values with respect to nickel manganese battery D, with the cumulative discharge time obtained for nickel manganese battery D as the reference value 100.
- the battery A produced using Mg-dissolved oxyhydroxide-nickel A has a high load discharge (continuous discharge at 1 W) and a pulse discharge. It can be seen that the characteristics are higher than D.
- the heavy load discharge characteristics it can be said that by dissolving Mg in nickel oxyhydroxide, the oxidation-reduction potential of nickel oxyhydroxide shifted preciously, the discharge voltage increased, and the capacity of battery A improved. Inferred.
- the pulse discharge characteristics it is considered that by dissolving Mg in oxyhydroxide-nickel, the electronic conductivity of oxyhydroxide-nickel was enhanced and the voltage drop of battery A was suppressed. It is done.
- MolZL of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added to 1L, and a predetermined amount (denoted as vcm 3 ) of sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution (effective chlorine concentration: 10wt%) as an oxidant is added and stirred to oxyhydroxide Converted to nickel.
- the obtained particles were sufficiently washed with water and then vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain oxyhydroxide-nickel P1.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- nickel manganese batteries ⁇ ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 were prepared using positive electrode mixture pellets ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6.
- the filling amount of the positive electrode mixture in the battery was the same for all batteries.
- the heavy load discharge characteristics and pulse discharge characteristics of the obtained batteries ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3. However, the discharge time at the time of heavy load discharge obtained with batteries ⁇ 1 to ⁇ ⁇ 6 is shown as a relative value with respect to battery D, with the discharge time obtained for nickel-manganese battery D of Example 1 being the reference value 100 . In addition, the cumulative discharge times of the pulse discharges obtained for batteries ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are also shown as relative values to battery D, with the cumulative discharge time obtained for battery D as the reference value of 100.
- the average nickel valence is in the range of 2.95 to 3.05, and the batteries P2 to P5 using solid solution nickel oxyhydroxide P2 to P5 that dissolves Mg are heavily loaded. It can be seen that it gives better characteristics than other batteries during discharge and pulse discharge.
- the average valence of nickel is lower than 2.95 (battery P1), the discharge voltage during heavy load discharge is relatively high, but the capacity per unit weight of nickel oxyhydroxide (mAhZg) decreases. The discharge time is shortened, and the pulse discharge characteristics are similarly reduced.
- nickel average valence is higher than 3.05 (battery P6), the characteristics also deteriorate.
- the Mg concentration in Table 4 is the Mg content (mol%) in the total of Ni and Mg contained in the solid solution.
- Each of the obtained nickel hydroxide ml to m9 was composed of crystals of ⁇ -type structure, Had sex.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- Nickel hydroxide ml to m9 were converted to nickel oxyhydroxide, and the resulting particles were sufficiently washed with water, followed by vacuum drying at 60 ° C. for 24 hours. Nickel oxides M1 to M9 were obtained.
- the obtained oxyhydroxide-nickel nickel M1 to M9 were each made of a crystal having a ⁇ -type structure and had the following physical properties.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- the heavy load discharge characteristics and pulse discharge characteristics of the obtained batteries M1 to M9 were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5. However, the discharge times obtained for the batteries M1 to M8 are shown relative to the nickel manganese battery M9, with the discharge time obtained for the nickel manganese battery M9 as the reference value 100. In addition, the cumulative discharge times obtained for the batteries M1 to M8 are shown relative to the nickel manganese battery M9, with the cumulative discharge time obtained for the nickel manganese battery M9 as the reference value 100.
- the batteries M2 to M7 produced using nickel oxyhydroxide M2 to M7 in which Mg was dissolved in the range of 0.1 to 7 mol% were subjected to heavy load discharge (continuous discharge at 1 W). It can be seen that the characteristics are higher than those of other batteries during time and pulse discharge. It is considered that the Mg concentration is extremely low at 0.05 mol%, and oxyhydroxide-nickel Ml may not sufficiently exhibit the effect of increasing the oxidation-reduction potential and the electron conductivity. In addition, when the Mg concentration is 1 Omol%, which is an extremely high hydroxy hydroxide-nickel M8, the nickel content is relatively reduced, so it may be impossible to ensure sufficient capacity.
- the synthesis conditions such as pH, temperature, and nickel ammine complex ion concentration were the same as in Example 1. Subsequently, the obtained particles were heated in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution different from the above to remove sulfate radicals. Thereafter, the particles were washed with water and vacuum-dried to obtain raw material nickel hydroxide e (composition: Ni Mg Zn (OH)).
- Nickel hydroxide g composition: Ni Mg Mn (OH)
- a manganese sulfate (II) aqueous solution was used instead of the zinc sulfate (II) aqueous solution.
- the obtained nickel hydroxides e to g each consisted of crystals having a ⁇ -type structure and had the following physical properties.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the nickel hydroxides e to g were converted to oxyhydroxide nickel, and the resulting particles were thoroughly washed with water and then vacuum dried at 60 ° C for 24 hours. Oxyhydroxide nickel E to G were obtained.
- the obtained oxyhydroxide-nickel E to G each consisted of crystals having a ⁇ -type structure. It had physical properties.
- volume-based average particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m
- nickel manganese batteries E to G were manufactured using the positive electrode mixture pellets E to G.
- the filling amount of the positive electrode mixture in the battery was the same for all batteries.
- the heavy load discharge characteristics and pulse discharge characteristics of the obtained batteries E to G were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 6. However, the discharge times obtained for the batteries E to G are shown as relative values to the nickel manganese battery D, with the discharge time obtained for the nickel manganese battery D produced in Example 1 as the reference value 100. In addition, the cumulative discharge times obtained for the batteries E to G are relative to the nickel manganese battery D, with the cumulative discharge time obtained for the nickel manganese battery D produced in Example 1 as the reference value 100. Indicated.
- the initial batteries E to G were each continuously discharged at a constant current of 50 mA (low load) at 20 ° C., and the discharge capacity until the battery voltage reached 0.9 V was measured. The same evaluation was performed on batteries A and D produced in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 6. However, the initial discharge capacities obtained from batteries A and E to G are V for the nickel manganese battery D produced in Example 1, and the initial discharge capacity obtained from the nickel manganese battery D The value is shown relative to.
- Batteries E to G after 1 week storage at 60 ° C are continuously released at a constant current of 50mA at 20 ° C.
- the discharge capacity until the battery voltage reached a final voltage of 0.9 V was measured.
- the same evaluation was performed on batteries A and D produced in Example 1.
- the results are shown in Table 6.
- the discharge capacity after storage obtained in the batteries A and E to G was determined based on the discharge capacity after storage obtained for the -kettle manganese battery D produced in Example 1 as a reference value of 100. The value is relative to battery D.
- positive electrode mixture pellets were prepared by adding rare earth oxide or ZnO to oxyhydroxide-nickel, and experiments were performed using this.
- nickel oxyhydroxide nickel oxyhydroxide A prepared in Example 1 (solid solution containing Mg), C (solid solution containing Zn and Co) and D (pure oxyhydroxide nickel)
- oxyhydroxide-nickel E solid solution containing Mg and Zn
- F solid solution containing Mg and Co
- G solid solution containing Mg and Mn
- rare earth oxide Y 2 O, Er 2 O, Tm 2 O, Yb 2 O, and Lu 2 O were used.
- blended and mixed and the positive mix powder was obtained.
- the positive electrode mixture powder was stirred with a mixer, mixed until uniform, and sized to a constant particle size.
- As the alkaline electrolyte a 40% by weight aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide was used.
- the obtained granular material was press-molded into a hollow cylindrical shape to obtain positive electrode mixture pellets A1 to A7.
- positive electrode mixture pellet A7 was prepared without adding any of the rare earth oxides and ZnO as additives.
- the weight ratio of electrolytic manganese dioxide, nickel oxyhydroxide A, and graphite was 49: 45: 5.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, using positive electrode mixture pellets A1 to A7, C1 to C7, D1 to D7, El to E7, F1 to F7, and G1 to G7, nickel manganese batteries A1 to A7, C1 to C7 , D1 to D7, E1 to E7, 1 to 7 and 01 to 07 were prepared. The filling amount of the positive electrode mixture into the battery was the same for all batteries.
- the obtained battery was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for the high load discharge characteristics, pulse discharge characteristics, low load discharge characteristics, and storage characteristics. The results are shown in Table 8. However, the discharge time for 1 W continuous discharge, the cumulative discharge time for 1 A pulse discharge, the initial value for low load discharge and the discharge capacity after storage obtained for batteries other than battery D7 are obtained for battery D7. The discharge time is shown as a relative value with respect to battery D7, with a reference value of 100.
- any of Y 2 O, Er 2 O, Tm 2 O, Yb 2 O, and Lu 2 O is used as the positive electrode mixture.
- the contained batteries have a very high discharge capacity after 1 week storage at 60 ° C. It is considered that the rare earth oxide is slightly dissolved in the alkaline electrolyte and reprecipitated while forming the hydroxide oxide on the oxyhydroxide-packet to form a film. This coating is presumed to have an effect of suppressing the self-discharge reaction by increasing the oxygen generation overvoltage.
- the volume-based average particle size is about 10 m, and the tap density (500 times) is about 2.
- Nickel oxyhydroxide with a BET specific surface area of approximately 15m 2 Zg was used, but from the viewpoint of moldability and packing properties of the positive electrode mixture pellets, the volume-based average particle size was 8-20 111, tap density (500 times) If the value is set in the range of 2 g / cm 3 or more, the effect of the present invention can be obtained similarly.
- the obtained particles were heated in another aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to remove sulfate radicals.
- the particles are then washed with water, dried, nickel hydroxide ql (6 hours residence), q2 (10 o'clock ), Q3 (14 hour residence), q4 (18 hour residence) and q5 (22 hour residence).
- Table 9 summarizes the measured values of (D50) and tap density (500 times).
- nickel manganese batteries Q1 to Q5 and R1 to R5 were produced using positive electrode mixture pellets Q1 to Q5 and R1 to R5.
- the amount of positive electrode mixture filled in the batteries was the same for all batteries.
- the obtained batteries Q1-Q5 and R1-R5 were evaluated for storage characteristics. Batteries Q1 to Q5 and R1 to R5 are stored at 60 ° C for 1 week and then discharged continuously at 20 ° C with a constant current of 50 mA until the battery voltage reaches the final voltage of 0.9 V. The capacity was measured. The discharge capacity of battery Q1 is defined as 100, and the discharge capacity of each battery is shown as a relative value in Table 10.
- the basic weight ratio of electrolytic manganese dioxide, oxyhydroxide-nickel, and graphite conductive agent was 50: 45: 5.
- the content of electrolytic manganese dioxide in the total of oxyhydroxide and nickel hydroxide is 20 to 90 wt%, and the content of nickel hydroxide is 10 to 80 wt%.
- the content of the graphite conductive agent in the total amount is 3 to 10 wt%, a similar alkaline battery excellent in balance between characteristics and price can be obtained.
- Example 4 a force using a solid solution of nickel oxyhydroxide in which one kind selected from Zn, Co, and Mn and Mg was dissolved, multiple kinds selected from Zn, Co, and Mn were dissolved simultaneously. Even if the solid solution to be understood is used, an alkaline battery excellent in various characteristics can be obtained.
- the contents of Mg, Zn, Co, and Mn contained in the solid solution were all 2.5 mol%, but when the results of Example 3 were also taken into account, the Mg content was 0.1 mol% or more. If the total content of metallic elements other than Ni including Mg is in the range of 7 mol% or less, it is assumed that almost the same alkaline batteries can be obtained.
- Example 5 the amount of rare earth oxides such as yttrium oxide is 1 wt% of the total positive electrode mixture. / c ⁇ , but Y O, Er O, Tm O, Yb O and Lu O force one or more selected
- the amount of the seed is 0.1 to 2 wt% of the total positive electrode mixture, it is possible to obtain an alkaline battery having almost the same level of storage characteristics.
- a so-called inside-out type alkaline dry battery was produced in which a cylindrical positive electrode mixture pellet, a separator, and a negative electrode zinc gel were arranged in a cylindrical positive electrode case. It can also be applied to batteries with different structures such as alkaline button type and square type.
- the battery characteristics during heavy load discharge or pulse discharge are improved. That's right.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/588,036 US20070166614A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2005-06-16 | Alkaline battery |
EP05751519A EP1717887A4 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2005-06-16 | ALKALINE BATTERY |
JP2006528485A JPWO2006001210A1 (ja) | 2004-06-24 | 2005-06-16 | アルカリ電池 |
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JP2004186420 | 2004-06-24 | ||
JP2004-186420 | 2004-06-24 |
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WO2006001210A1 true WO2006001210A1 (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/011020 WO2006001210A1 (ja) | 2004-06-24 | 2005-06-16 | アルカリ電池 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070166614A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1717887A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006001210A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100882403B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100431206C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006001210A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007207658A (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-16 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | アルカリ一次電池 |
CN100438153C (zh) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-11-26 | 厦门大学 | 一种碱性电池的正极材料和制备方法 |
JP2010536697A (ja) * | 2007-08-21 | 2010-12-02 | ハー.ツェー.スタルク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 粉末状化合物、その製造方法並びにリチウム二次電池におけるその使用 |
JP2011501727A (ja) * | 2007-10-12 | 2011-01-13 | ハー.ツェー.スタルク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 粉末状のniambox(oh)y化合物、その製造方法並びにバッテリーにおけるその使用 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101106403B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-23 | 2012-01-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차 전지 |
CN103000861A (zh) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种碱锰电池的正极和一种碱锰电池 |
CN115893529B (zh) * | 2022-11-24 | 2024-07-02 | 福建南平南孚电池有限公司 | 一种羟基氧化镍的制备方法、所制得的羟基氧化镍及应用 |
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- 2005-06-16 CN CNB2005800046860A patent/CN100431206C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-16 US US10/588,036 patent/US20070166614A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-16 KR KR1020067018865A patent/KR100882403B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-16 EP EP05751519A patent/EP1717887A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-16 WO PCT/JP2005/011020 patent/WO2006001210A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-16 JP JP2006528485A patent/JPWO2006001210A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
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JP2007207658A (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-16 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | アルカリ一次電池 |
CN100438153C (zh) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-11-26 | 厦门大学 | 一种碱性电池的正极材料和制备方法 |
JP2010536697A (ja) * | 2007-08-21 | 2010-12-02 | ハー.ツェー.スタルク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 粉末状化合物、その製造方法並びにリチウム二次電池におけるその使用 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2006001210A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
CN1918729A (zh) | 2007-02-21 |
US20070166614A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
CN100431206C (zh) | 2008-11-05 |
EP1717887A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
EP1717887A4 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
KR100882403B1 (ko) | 2009-02-05 |
KR20060123627A (ko) | 2006-12-01 |
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