WO2005124914A1 - 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池起動方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及び燃料電池起動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005124914A1 WO2005124914A1 PCT/JP2005/010922 JP2005010922W WO2005124914A1 WO 2005124914 A1 WO2005124914 A1 WO 2005124914A1 JP 2005010922 W JP2005010922 W JP 2005010922W WO 2005124914 A1 WO2005124914 A1 WO 2005124914A1
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- fuel
- concentration
- power generation
- temperature
- tank
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a method for activating the fuel cell.
- a fuel cell is a power generating element that generates power by electrochemically reacting a fuel gas such as hydrogen or methanol with an oxidizing gas such as oxygen.
- Fuel cells are attracting attention as power generation elements because the products generated by power generation are water and do not pollute the environment.For example, attempts have been made to use them as drive power sources for driving automobiles. Has been done.
- Fuel cells are classified into various types according to differences in electrolytes and the like, and a typical example is a fuel cell using a solid polymer electrolyte as an electrolyte.
- Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells can be manufactured at low cost, are easily reduced in size, thickness and weight, and have a high output density in terms of battery performance. Hope.
- This solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell uses hydrogen as a fuel.
- a fuel cell in which methanol or natural gas is reformed to generate hydrogen and used as a fuel has been developed.
- a direct methanol fuel cell has been developed, which uses methanol as fuel to supply power directly to the fuel cell to generate electricity.
- the direct methanol fuel cell has an appropriate operating temperature of 60 ° C and 80 ° C, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the fuel cell when starting the fuel cell in the stop state. There is a problem that cannot be started.
- a supplementary battery such as a lithium-ion battery until the fuel cell is started.
- an auxiliary battery with an appropriate capacity is required.
- a fuel cell system in which the concentration of a methanol aqueous solution as a fuel is increased at the time of starting, and a methanol aqueous solution that permeates an electrolyte membrane is directly combusted with oxygen by a force source.
- methanol see, for example, JP-A-5-307970
- an aqueous methanol solution see, for example, JP-A-2002-075414
- the fuel cell system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-520399 sprays methanol in a circulation path connected to the anode by using a methanol tank capillar injection nozzle provided in the system.
- the amount is controlled by the temperature of the power generation cell. That is, the concentration of the methanol aqueous solution supplied to the anode is controlled by the amount of methanol sprayed by the spray nozzle.
- the concentration of the aqueous methanol solution supplied to the anode cannot be reduced unless the methanol in the aqueous methanol solution is consumed in the power generation cell.
- the present invention provides a system that can always operate a fuel cell using an optimal concentration of fuel, and a system that does not directly supply fuel to a power source.
- the purpose is to provide.
- Another object is to reduce the time required for starting.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention comprises a power generation cell having an electrolyte sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a first storage container for storing a low-concentration fuel having a predetermined concentration, and And a second storage container for storing a high-concentration fuel with a high concentration.
- concentration of the fuel stored in the first storage container and the second storage container according to the temperature of the power generation cell. It is characterized by switching and supplying different fuels.
- the low-concentration fuel that mainly performs the power generation reaction and the high-concentration fuel that mainly performs the power generation reaction and the reaction that raises the temperature of the power generation cell are stored in separate storage containers.
- the fuel supplied to the negative electrode can be instantaneously switched according to the temperature of the power generation cell. This makes it possible to always operate at the optimum concentration.
- the high-concentration fuel can be dispersed and supplied, and local heat generation can be prevented. Further, it is possible to prevent water from adhering to the positive electrode, which is generated by directly supplying fuel to the positive electrode.
- the fuel cell starting method of the present invention provides a power generation cell having an electrolyte sandwiched between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a first storage container for storing a low-concentration fuel of a predetermined concentration, and the low-concentration fuel.
- the fuel cell system increases the temperature of the power generation cell by supplying high-concentration fuel to the negative electrode side, thereby reacting with the oxidant supplied to the positive electrode side. Can be done. At this time, heat generation can be promoted by keeping the supply amount of the high-concentration fuel and the oxidant to the power generation cell low. As a result, the time for raising the temperature of the power generation cell at the start of the fuel cell system can be reduced. In addition, since the temperature of the power generation cell can be raised in a short time, the capacity of the auxiliary battery used when the temperature of the power generation cell is low can be reduced, and the fuel cell system can be downsized. it can.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention mainly includes a low-concentration fuel that performs a power generation reaction and a power generation reaction that is mainly performed.
- a low-concentration fuel that performs a power generation reaction
- a power generation reaction that is mainly performed.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention stores low-concentration fuel adjusted to a concentration that allows efficient power generation reaction in the first storage container.
- low-concentration fuel having a stable concentration can be supplied, and stable power generation can be performed.
- it is not necessary to adjust the fuel concentration in the flow path it is not necessary to provide a nozzle for spraying the fuel.
- concentration of stored fuel can be adjusted according to the usage environment.
- the first storage container and the second storage container are each detachable, and the storage containers can be replaced.
- the fuel cell system supplies high-concentration fuel to the negative electrode side, thereby reacting with the oxidant supplied to the positive electrode side to raise the temperature of the power generation cell. Can be done. At this time, heat generation can be promoted by keeping the supply amount of the high-concentration fuel and the oxidant to the power generation cell low. As a result, the time for raising the temperature of the power generation cell at the start of the fuel cell system can be reduced. In addition, since the temperature of the power generation cell can be raised in a short time, the capacity of the auxiliary battery used when the temperature of the power generation cell is low can be reduced, and the fuel cell system can be downsized. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a configuration of a fuel cell system of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing movements of methanol and a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution when starting the fuel cell system of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows methanol and low concentrations during normal operation of the fuel cell system of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the movement of a methanol aqueous solution.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fuel cell system of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention includes a power generation cell 3 formed by an electrolyte membrane 30 sandwiched between a pair of electrodes including an anode 31 serving as a negative electrode and a force sword 32 serving as a positive electrode, and mainly includes a power generation cell 3.
- the first tank 210 as the first storage container for storing the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution of the low-concentration fuel used for the power generation reaction, and the high-concentration fuel of the high-concentration fuel mainly used for the temperature rise reaction of the power generation cell 3
- It has a second tank 220 as a second storage container for storing the aqueous solution.
- an air pump 410 for supplying air as an oxidant to the power generation cell 3, a gas-liquid separator 411 for separating water generated in the power generation cell 3 from other substances, and a separated water for the power generation cell 3
- a water recovery pump 414 that discharges water to the outside and supplies the first tank 210 or the second tank 220, a fuel circulation pump 412 that circulates a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution and a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution, and a power generation cell 3.
- a temperature measuring device 400 for measuring the temperature a concentration measuring device 401 for measuring the concentrations of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution, and the methanol of the fuel to be diluted, which is the raw material of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution,
- a diluted fuel tank 200 as a third storage container for storing, a diluted fuel supply pump 413 for supplying methanol to the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, Switching valves 501, 502, 503, 504 for switching the flow path of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and high-concentration methanol aqueous solution, and the measured values of the temperature measuring device 400 and the concentration measuring device 401, and instruct the valves, etc.
- the methanol or air used in the fuel cell system 1 is not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed depending on the power generation cell 3 mounted. Further, the fuel cell system 1 may have an auxiliary battery (not shown) for promoting the temperature of the power generation cell 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation cell 3 is a direct methanol fuel cell that uses an aqueous methanol solution as a fuel and supplies the fuel directly to the power generation cell 3. The system can be appropriately changed according to the power generation capacity of the fuel cell, which is not limited to this.
- the power generation cell 3 includes a membrane-like electrolyte membrane 30 that allows protons and methanol to pass therethrough, an anode 31 having a catalyst in the power generation reaction, and a force sword 32.
- the electrolyte membrane 30 is sandwiched between the anode 31 and the force sword 32. It is formed by laminating.
- the electrolyte membrane 30 that transmits protons and methanol is formed of a material having both permeability, oxidation resistance, and heat resistance.
- the anode 31 and the force sword 32 are made of a metal material, a carbon material, or a conductive nonwoven fabric.For example, when a carbon material is used, a catalyst such as platinum is supported on a porous surface of the carbon material. Is also good.
- the size and shape of the electrolyte membrane 30, the anode 31, and the force sword 32 are appropriately changed according to the size and shape of the power generation cell 3.
- the power generation cell 3 is a direct methanol fuel cell that uses an aqueous methanol solution as a fuel and supplies the direct power generation cell 3 with a fuel. However, it can be changed as appropriate according to the power generation capacity of the fuel cell.
- the power generation cell 3 can generate a power generation reaction and a reaction of increasing the temperature of the power generation cell 3 by supplying a methanol aqueous solution described below to the anode 31 and air to the power source 32.
- the power generation cell 3 has a temperature measurement device 400 for measuring the temperature inside the power generation cell 3.
- the temperature measurement device 400 is connected to a control device 402 that reads the temperature of the power generation cell 3 and issues a command to a valve or the like.
- the temperature measuring device 400 to be used is appropriately changed depending on the power generation cell 3 to be mounted, which is not particularly limited. For example, a fuel cell system
- the temperature of the power generation cell 3 is measured by the temperature measurement device 400, and the fuel supplied to the anode 31 can be switched via the control device 402 according to the temperature.
- the fuel tank 200 to be diluted is a storage container for storing methanol as the fuel to be diluted. It is connected to a first tank 210 for storing a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and a second tank 220 for storing a high-concentration aqueous methanol solution via a dilution fuel supply pump 413. Further, a switching valve 501 is provided at a branch point between the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, so that methanol is supplied to one of the first tank 210 and the second tank 220. can do. The switching valve 501 is connected to a control device 402 described below, and can be operated in conjunction with another valve or the like.
- the diluted fuel supply pump 413 is provided between the diluted fuel tank 200 and the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, and supplies methanol from the diluted fuel tank 200 to the first tank 210. And a predetermined amount can be sent to the second tank 220.
- the fuel-to-be-diluted supply pump 413 can be operated in conjunction with a valve or the like in accordance with a command from the control device 402 described below.
- the concentration of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution or the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution is equal to or lower than a predetermined concentration
- the diluted fuel supply pump 413 supplies the methanol stored in the diluted fuel tank 200 to the first tank 210 or the second tank. 220 can be supplied.
- the methanol can be diluted with the fuel to be diluted without supplying the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution separately adjusted outside the fuel cell system 1 to the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, respectively.
- the concentration can be automatically adjusted in the fuel cell system 1.
- the first tank 210 is a storage container that stores a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution.
- the second tank 220 is a storage container for storing a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution.
- the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 are detachable, and the tanks can be replaced as needed.
- the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 are connected to a node 31 of the power generation cell 3 via a switching valve 504, a concentration measuring device 401, and a fuel circulation pump 412 described below. Further, in order to circulate the aqueous methanol solution, the anode 31 is connected to the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 via the switching valve 503.
- the switching valves 503 and 504 are connected to a control device 402 described below, and can be operated in conjunction with other valves or the like.
- the fuel cell system 1 can instantaneously switch the aqueous methanol solution to be used depending on the temperature of the power generation cell 3.
- the first tank 210 and the second tank 22 The shape and size of 0 can be appropriately changed according to the frequency of use.
- the concentration measuring device 401 is provided between the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 and the power generation cell 3, and is provided with a low-concentration methanol supplied from the first tank 210 to the anode 31 of the power generation cell 3. And the concentration of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution supplied from the second tank 220 to the anode 31 of the power generation cell 3 can be measured.
- This concentration measuring device 401 is connected to the control device 402 and can be operated in conjunction with a valve or the like, similarly to the temperature measuring device 400 described above.
- the concentration measuring device 401 measures the concentrations of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution as described above, and, based on the concentrations, supplies methanol and water to the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 via the control device 402. And the concentration of the aqueous methanol solution can be adjusted.
- the fuel circulation pump 412 is provided between the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 and the power generation cell 3.
- the fuel circulation pump 412 can take out the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution from the first tank 210 and supply it to the anode 31. Further, the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution supplied to the anode 31 can be returned to the first tank 210. Further, the fuel circulation pump 412 can take out the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution from the second tank 220 and supply it to the anode 31. Further, the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution supplied to the anode 31 can be returned to the second tank 220.
- the fuel circulation pump 412 is connected to the control device 402 and can be operated in conjunction with a valve or the like. Further, the circulation amount of the aqueous methanol solution can be controlled via the control device 402. As a result, the temperature of the methanol aqueous solution can be brought close to the temperature of the fuel cell system 1, and the heating efficiency of the temperature increase reaction of the power generation cell 3 and the power generation efficiency of the power generation reaction can be increased. Also, the use efficiency of methanol can be improved.
- the air pump 410 is connected to the power sword 32 and can supply air to the power sword 32.
- air pump 410 is used as a means for supplying air, but any means may be used as long as air can be supplied to force sword 32.
- a fan or the like may be used as the means.
- the air pump 410 is connected to the control device 402 and can be operated in conjunction with the fuel circulation pump 412 and the like.
- the amount of air supplied to the force sword 32 can be controlled via the control device 402. You can. As a result, the amount of heat radiation can be reduced, and the heating efficiency in response to the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3 and the power generation efficiency in the power generation reaction can be increased. In addition, power consumption can be reduced.
- the gas-liquid separator 411 operates in cooperation with the water recovery pump 414, and is provided between the power generation cell 3 and the water recovery pump 414.
- the water generated in the power generation cell 3 together with the exhaust by the air pump 410 can be supplied to the gas-liquid separator 411.
- the supplied water can be separated from water and other substances by the gas-liquid separator 411.
- the gas-liquid separator 411 can separate water and other substances from water, air (oxygen and nitrogen), carbon dioxide, and the like existing in the power generation cell 3.
- the water recovery pump 414 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 411 and the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, and separates the water separated by the gas-liquid separator 411 into the first tank 210 and the second tank 210.
- the second tank 220 can be supplied.
- the water recovery pump 414 can supply water to the first tank 210 or the second tank 220 via the switching valve 502 according to an instruction of the control device 402.
- the fuel to be diluted, methanol is stored in the fuel tank to be diluted 200. Then, the fuel is supplied to the first tank 210 or the second tank 220 by the fuel supply pump 413 for dilution.
- the concentration at this time is higher than the concentrations of the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentration.
- the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution which is a low-concentration fuel, is stored in the first tank 210.
- the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution is formed by mixing methanol supplied from the fuel tank 200 to be diluted with water supplied by the water recovery pump 414 in the first tank 210.
- the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution is supplied to the power generation cell 3 via the fuel circulation pump 412, and can mainly cause a power generation reaction.
- the concentration of the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution is approximately 1.5 wt% to 6.5 wt%. This is not particularly limited. The concentration is appropriately changed to a value that allows an efficient power generation reaction of the power generation cell 3. be able to.
- the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution that is a high-concentration fuel is stored in the second tank 220.
- the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution is formed by mixing methanol supplied from the fuel tank 200 to be diluted with water supplied by the water recovery pump 414 in the second tank 220.
- the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution is supplied to the power generation cell 3 via the fuel circulation pump 412, and can mainly raise the temperature of the power generation cell 3.
- the concentration of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution is approximately 20 wt% to 30 wt% .This is higher than that of the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution which is not particularly limited, and the reaction of the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3 according to the usage environment is efficient.
- the concentration can be appropriately changed to a concentration that can be performed.
- the switching valve 501 is installed between the fuel tank 200 to be diluted and the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, and switches the methanol in the fuel tank 200 to be diluted into the first tank 210 or the second tank. 220 can be supplied.
- the switching valve 502 is installed between the water recovery pump 414 and the first tank 210 and the second tank 220, and causes the water recovery pump 414 to supply water to the first tank 210 or the second tank 220. be able to.
- the switching valve 503 is provided between the power generation cell 3 and the first tank 210 and the second tank 220.
- the switching valve 503 can supply a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution to the first tank 210 and a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution to the second tank 220.
- the switching valve 504 is provided between the first tank 210 and the second tank 220 and the power generation cell 3, and can supply a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution or a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution to the power generation cell 3.
- the number, shape, size, and the like of the switching valves 501, 502, 503, and 504 can be appropriately changed depending on devices and the like installed in the fuel cell system 1, which are not particularly limited.
- the control device 402 reads the numerical values of the temperature measurement device 400 and the concentration measurement device 401, and outputs the air pump 410, the water recovery pump 414, the fuel circulation pump 412, the diluted fuel supply pump 413, the switching valves 501, 502, 503, 504 can be controlled.
- the fuel circulation pump 412 and the switching valves 502, 503, 504 can be controlled to move the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution from the second tank 220 to the anode 31.
- the fuel supply pump 413, the water recovery pump 414, and the switching valve 501 are controlled so that methanol and water The tank can supply 220 kg.
- the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention comprises a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution that mainly performs a power generation reaction and a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution that mainly performs a power generation reaction and a reaction that raises the temperature of the power generation cell 3 in separate tanks.
- the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution is supplied to the anode 31 when the temperature of the power generation cell 3 is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, and is supplied to the anode 31 when the temperature of the power generation unit 3 exceeds the predetermined temperature.
- the aqueous methanol solution can be switched instantly. As a result, it is possible to always operate at the optimum concentration.
- the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention stores the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution in the first tank 210 in a concentration adjusted to allow efficient power generation reaction. By supplying fuel to the power generation cell 3 only from the tank 210, a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution having a stable concentration can be supplied, and stable power generation can be performed.
- first tank 210 and the second tank 220 are each detachable, and the storage container can be replaced.
- a high-concentration aqueous methanol solution is supplied to the power generation cell 3 so that the temperature of the power generation cell 3 rises.
- a reaction can take place.
- the reaction of increasing the temperature of the power generation cell 3 can be caused by supplying the high concentration methanol aqueous solution from the second tank 220 to the anode 31 and the air from the air pump 410 to the power sword 32, respectively.
- Methanol in the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution passes through the electrolyte membrane 30, and an oxidation reaction of methanol occurs at the force source 32.
- a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution is supplied to the power generation cell 3 to cause a power generation reaction.
- the power generation reaction can be caused by supplying a low-concentration methanol aqueous solution from the first tank 210 to the anode 31 and supplying air from the air pump 410 to the force sword 32, respectively.
- the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution is called CH OH + H0 ⁇ CO + 6H + + 6e—at the anode 31 by the water and methanol in the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution.
- a power generation reaction can be performed by supplying a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution and air to the power generation cell 3 of the fuel cell system 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the operation of the methanol and high-concentration methanol aqueous solution at the time of startup of the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention. ing.
- the fuel cell system 1 supplies a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution from the second tank 220 to the anode 31 of the power generation cell 3 via the fuel circulation pump 412 as shown in FIG.
- air is supplied to the power sword 32 of the power generation cell 3 via the air pump 410.
- the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution supplied to the anode 31 is returned to the second tank 220 again.
- Water generated by this reaction is separated by a gas-liquid separator 411 and used as water for methanol dilution via a water recovery pump 414.
- the control valve 402 causes the switching valve 503 to The flow path to the first tank 210 is shut off, and the switching valve 504 shuts off the flow path from the first tank 210. Therefore, the low concentration methanol aqueous solution is stored in the first tank 210 m2.
- the control device 402 controls the supply amounts of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the air so that the supply amounts are optimal for the reaction of raising the temperature of the power generation cell 3.
- the temperature of the power generation cell 3 is measured by the temperature measuring device 400, and the value is read by the control device 402.
- the control device 402 can instantaneously switch from the operation of causing the reaction of the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3 to the operation of generating the power generation reaction.
- the predetermined temperature is a temperature at which power can be generated relatively efficiently in the power generation reaction in the power generation cell 3 and differs depending on the power generation cell 3 mounted.
- the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution used in the reaction of increasing the temperature of the power generation cell 3 is obtained by mixing the methanol stored in the fuel tank 200 to be diluted with the water recovered from the power generation cell 3 in the second tank 220. Can be created.
- the diluted fuel supply pump 413 is operated by the control device 402. Further, the control device 402 controls the switching valve 501 and the switching valve 502 so as to shut off the flow path to the first tank 210.
- the concentration of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution is constantly measured by the concentration measuring device 401, and the value is transmitted to the control device 402.
- the control device 402 controls the fuel supply pump 413 to be diluted and the water recovery pump 414 so that the high concentration methanol aqueous solution of the predetermined concentration is obtained. Can be activated.
- the operation of the fuel cell system 1 described above is not limited to the start-up operation.
- the control device 402 can instantaneously switch the aqueous methanol solution supplied to the anode 31 from a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution to a high-concentration aqueous methanol solution so as to cause a reaction of a rise in the temperature of the power generation cell 3.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the methanol and low-concentration methanol aqueous solution during the normal operation of the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention.
- the flow of the aqueous solution of tanol is shown.
- the fuel cell system 1 performs the power generation cell operation from the first tank 210 via the fuel circulation pump 412 as shown in FIG.
- the low concentration methanol aqueous solution is supplied to the anode 31 of 3.
- air is supplied to the power sword 32 of the power generation cell 3 via the air pump 410. Thereby, a power generation reaction occurs.
- the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution supplied to the anode 31 is returned to the first tank 210 again.
- Water generated by this reaction is separated by a gas-liquid separator 411 and used as water for methanol dilution via a water recovery pump 414.
- the switching valve 503 shuts off the flow path to the second tank 220 and the switching valve 504 shuts off the flow path from the second tank 220 by the control device 402. Therefore, the high-concentration aqueous methanol solution remains in the second tank 220.
- the control device 402 determines the supply amounts of the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air as the optimum supply amounts for the power generation reaction.
- the low-concentration aqueous methanol solution used in the power generation reaction is supplemented by mixing the methanol stored in the fuel tank 200 to be diluted with the water recovered from the power generation cell 3 in the first tank 210. be able to.
- the diluted fuel supply pump 413 is operated by the control device 402.
- the control device 402 controls the switching valve 501 and the switching valve 502 so that the flow path to the second tank 220 is shut off.
- the concentration is measured by the concentration measuring device 401 and controlled by the control device 402 so as to have a predetermined concentration value, in substantially the same manner as in the case of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution described above.
- the fuel cell system 1 of the present invention comprises a low-concentration aqueous methanol solution mainly performing a power generation reaction and a high-concentration aqueous methanol solution mainly performing a power generation reaction and a reaction of raising the temperature of a power generation cell.
- aqueous methanol solution supplied to the anode 31 can be instantaneously switched according to the temperature of the power generation cell 3. This makes it possible to always operate at the optimum concentration.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention stores low-concentration fuel adjusted to a concentration that allows efficient power generation reaction in the first storage container. By supplying fuel to the power generation cell from, low-concentration fuel having a stable concentration can be supplied, and stable power generation can be performed.
- the first storage container and the second storage container can be designed according to the frequency of use, and the fuel can be used without waste.
- the concentration of stored fuel can be adjusted according to the usage environment.
- the first storage container and the second storage container are detachable, and the storage containers can be replaced.
- the fuel cell system 1 supplies a high-concentration methanol aqueous solution to the anode 31 and air.
- a reaction of the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3 can be caused in the power sword 32 of the power generation cell 3.
- the temperature of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the air supplied to the power generation cell 3 are lower than a predetermined temperature at which the power generation reaction is switched.
- the power generation cell 3 radiates heat, which hinders the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3. Since this heat release amount depends on the supply amount of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the air, the heat release amount can be suppressed low by reducing the supply amount of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and the air supplied to the power generation cell 3. That is, by supplying the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air little by little to the power generation cell 3, the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air can be supplied while approaching the temperature of the power generation cell 3.
- the temperature rise of the power generation cell 3 can be promoted. Also, by suppressing the supply of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air to the power generation cell 3 to be lower than the supply of the low-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air to the power generation cell when performing the power generation reaction, the fuel cell system 1 is improved. The time during which the temperature of the power generation cell 3 rises during startup can be further reduced.
- the supply amounts of the high-concentration methanol aqueous solution and air at this time are not particularly limited. It is appropriately changed depending on the temperature outside the fuel cell system 1, the size of the power generation cell 3, and the like.
- the temperature of the power generation cell 3 can be increased in a short time by the fuel cell starting method of the present invention, so that the capacity of the auxiliary battery used when the temperature of the power generation cell 3 is low can be reduced. As a result, the fuel cell system 1 can be downsized.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/570,964 US7622209B2 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2005-06-15 | Fuel cell system and fuel cell starting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-182546 | 2004-06-21 | ||
JP2004182546A JP2006004868A (ja) | 2004-06-21 | 2004-06-21 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池起動方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005124914A1 true WO2005124914A1 (ja) | 2005-12-29 |
Family
ID=35510031
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/010922 WO2005124914A1 (ja) | 2004-06-21 | 2005-06-15 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池起動方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7622209B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006004868A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100514733C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005124914A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1887645A2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-13 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
EP1930647A2 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-11 | Green Hydrotec Inc. | Portable fluid delivering system and kit |
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US20090117418A1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2009-05-07 | Takeshi Obata | Fuel cell and driving method for fuel cell |
JP5201902B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-31 | 2013-06-05 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
JP2008066081A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池装置、制御装置及びプログラム |
JP2008078068A (ja) * | 2006-09-25 | 2008-04-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム、電子機器及び画像形成装置 |
JP2008146950A (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-26 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム、電子機器及び画像形成装置 |
JP2008257945A (ja) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-23 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法および燃料電池発電システム |
JP5350668B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-24 | 2013-11-27 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび輸送機器 |
JP5325403B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-29 | 2013-10-23 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの起動方法 |
JP5222589B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-10 | 2013-06-26 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料電池システム及び制御方法 |
JP2009301759A (ja) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Fujikura Ltd | ダイレクトアルコール型燃料電池 |
JP2010225470A (ja) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP6087106B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-25 | 2017-03-01 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | 燃料供給システム |
CN105762382A (zh) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-07-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种直接液体燃料电池系统长期存储后的启动方法 |
CN107851826B (zh) * | 2015-06-12 | 2021-10-15 | 奥佳公司 | 用于测量和控制甲醇燃料电池中的甲醇浓度的方法 |
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- 2004-06-21 JP JP2004182546A patent/JP2006004868A/ja active Pending
-
2005
- 2005-06-15 CN CNB2005800204690A patent/CN100514733C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-15 US US11/570,964 patent/US7622209B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-15 WO PCT/JP2005/010922 patent/WO2005124914A1/ja active Application Filing
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1887645A2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-13 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
EP1887645A3 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-04-08 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
TWI464954B (zh) * | 2006-07-31 | 2014-12-11 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池系統及其控制方法 |
US9461317B2 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2016-10-04 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method therefor |
EP1930647A2 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-11 | Green Hydrotec Inc. | Portable fluid delivering system and kit |
EP1930647A3 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2010-12-29 | Green Hydrotec Inc. | Portable fluid delivering system and kit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1973393A (zh) | 2007-05-30 |
US7622209B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 |
CN100514733C (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
US20070212581A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
JP2006004868A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
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