WO2005121288A1 - 摺動材料およびすべり軸受 - Google Patents
摺動材料およびすべり軸受 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005121288A1 WO2005121288A1 PCT/JP2005/010568 JP2005010568W WO2005121288A1 WO 2005121288 A1 WO2005121288 A1 WO 2005121288A1 JP 2005010568 W JP2005010568 W JP 2005010568W WO 2005121288 A1 WO2005121288 A1 WO 2005121288A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- sliding
- lubricating oil
- sliding material
- oil
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/38—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/103—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant retained in or near the bearing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/0206—Well-defined aliphatic compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
- C10M2213/0606—Perfluoro polymers used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S384/00—Bearings
- Y10S384/90—Cooling or heating
- Y10S384/907—Bearing material or solid lubricant
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding material for forming a sliding member and a sliding bearing using the sliding material, for forming a sliding member used in a low-pressure atmosphere such as a clean atmosphere or a vacuum.
- the present invention relates to sliding materials, soft mating materials, or sliding bearings that require high rotational accuracy.
- a low pressure clean atmosphere such as a vacuum
- vapor generated from a lubricant or scattered fine particles are generated. If present, it adversely affects the performance of precision parts. For this reason, in addition to the above required characteristics, high low dust generation is also required.
- a low-lubricant liquid lubricant a solid lubricant such as polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, or gold, silver, lead Soft metals such as are used.
- a resin material containing a conventional lubricating oil has a heat resistance that can withstand the molding temperature of the resin in order to prevent the lubricating oil from being decomposed during the molding of the sliding member. It was necessary to select a lubricating oil with Therefore, there is a problem that a super engineering plastic having a high molding temperature cannot be used as a resin.
- the amount of lubricating oil that can be blended is about 10% by volume at the maximum in order to ensure a stable supply of raw material without causing slippage between the resin and the screw during injection molding. In some cases, the amount of lubricating oil was insufficient.
- Patent Document 1 The resin material containing porous silica impregnated with lubricating oil (Patent Document 1) has been improved so that the amount of lubricating oil can be added in a larger amount than before, but even in that case, the maximum amount of lubricating oil added is 30.
- the volume is% and there is a possibility that the lubricating oil will be insufficient in a severe use environment.
- the selection problem of the above-mentioned resin and lubricating oil remains, and it is difficult to use in applications that require heat resistance.
- the solid lubrication type sliding material used in the clean atmosphere and low pressure atmosphere of the semiconductor manufacturing equipment described above has sufficient sliding characteristics under severe use conditions such as high surface pressure and high speed. I don't have it.
- polytetrafluoroethylene has a problem of low wear resistance because it melts and wears due to its own sliding heat generation under high speed conditions.
- Molybdenum disulfide has a problem that a thin coating film is easily peeled off under high surface pressure conditions, which is mainly used as a coating.
- oil-impregnated sliding materials include sliding bearings such as sintered metal oil-impregnated bearings and resin oil-impregnated bearings.
- Sintered metal oil-impregnated bearings have advantages such as no fluctuation due to differences in linear expansion and excellent machining accuracy.
- soft metal shaft counterparts have the drawback of causing shaft wear.
- resin oil-impregnated bearings have the advantage of having self-lubricating properties by dispersing the lubricating oil in the resin molded body, and having the advantage that the soft material partner does not attack the mating material, while compared to metal materials.
- the shaft Since a resin material with a large coefficient of linear expansion and water absorption is used, if the operating temperature range is wide, the shaft will be stiff due to shrinkage of the resin at low temperatures. Also, at high temperatures, the expansion from the outer diameter side housing is constrained, the volume expansion escapes to the inner diameter side, the inner diameter dimension becomes smaller, and the shaft becomes stiff.
- sliding bearings have been developed that take advantage of both and make up for the shortcomings.
- a sliding surface that slides with a shaft is a porous resin layer, and a sintered metal layer whose outer diameter side is a lubricating oil supply layer is disclosed (Patent Document 2). .
- Patent Document 1 JP 2002-129183 A
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-364647
- An object of the present invention is to achieve both a high mechanical strength and a high blending ratio of lubricating oil in a sliding material containing a lubricating oil, and optionally a resin material and a lubricating oil depending on applications and specifications.
- the ability to combine S is to be able to.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a sliding material that does not generate a gas derived from a lubricating oil and has low dust generation even when used under vacuum conditions.
- Still another object of the present invention relates to a sliding bearing using the above sliding material, and particularly to provide a soft mating member or a sliding bearing that requires high rotational accuracy.
- the sliding material of the present invention is 30. /.
- a sliding material obtained by impregnating a resin porous body having the above-described porosity with a lubricating oil, and the resin porous body is formed into a molded body by forming a resin mixed with a pore-forming material. It has a communicating hole obtained by extracting the pore forming material from the molded body using a solvent that dissolves the pore forming material and does not dissolve the resin.
- the pore-forming material is at least one selected from inorganic salt compounds and organic salt compounds. In particular, it is an alkaline substance.
- the lubricating oil is characterized by a vapor pressure at 40 ° C is 1. or less 0 X 10- 5 Pa.
- the sliding bearing of the present invention includes a sliding material having a sliding surface that slides with a counterpart material, and a lubricant supply layer that supports the sliding material and supplies lubricating oil.
- the moving material is formed of the sliding material of the present invention.
- the lubricating oil supply layer is formed of a metal sintered body.
- the sliding material of the present invention is obtained by impregnating a resin porous body having a communication porosity of 30% or more with a lubricating oil, any resin can be selected according to the application and specifications. As a result, a sliding material having excellent strength, heat resistance, low friction coefficient, wear resistance and the like can be obtained.
- the porous resin body has a communication porosity of 30% or more, the sliding member obtained from the sliding material is supplied with lubricating oil from the sliding material for a long period of time and has excellent durability. Show.
- the use of a slide bearing or a slide sheet obtained from the sliding material of the present invention for a drive device such as a motor can reduce the force of the device.
- the lubricating oil impregnated into the sliding material can be vapor pressure at 40 ° C to select the following: 1. 0 X 10- 5 Pa, under vacuum conditions (1. 0 X 10- 4 Pa)
- the above-mentioned lubricating oil does not evaporate, and it has excellent low dust generation properties.
- the sliding material has excellent durability and can be used for a long time.
- the slide bearing using the sliding material of the present invention can continuously supply lubricating oil to the sliding surface for a long period of time. As a result, a low coefficient of friction can be maintained for a long time, and abnormal noise due to metal contact can be suppressed.
- the resin porous body layer that becomes the sliding surface is obtained by the above-mentioned molding method of the sliding material, the resin and filler can be arbitrarily selected according to the mating shaft and use conditions, and has excellent strength and heat resistance. , Low friction coefficient, wear resistance, etc. can be imparted.
- the lubricating oil supply layer is formed of a sintered metal, the linear expansion is almost the same as that of a normal housing or shaft metal material. Excellent and does not wear a soft mating shaft.
- the sliding material of the present invention is obtained by molding a resin containing a pore-forming material into a molded body, and then using the solvent that dissolves the pore-forming material and does not dissolve the resin.
- the resin porous body having communication holes obtained by extracting the pore-forming material is impregnated with a lubricating oil.
- the sliding material can be used as a material for any sliding member by selecting a resin and a lubricating oil according to the application and specifications.
- Sliding members include, for example, sliding bearings, gears, sliding sheets, seal rings, rollers, rolling bearing cages, rolling bearings, linear bearing seals, and ball screw balls. Examples include spacers, rolling bearing races, and various carriages.
- Face-centered cubic lattices and hexagonal close-packed packing are the most densely packed spheres by point contact, and their filling rate is (volume of sphere ⁇ volume of circumscribed cube) ⁇ (height of regular triangle ⁇ (base) ⁇ (height of the regular tetrahedron ⁇ one side) and both are 74%.
- the communication hole rate defined as (100-filling rate) is 26%.
- the above calculation shows the force when considering spheres of the same size.
- the filling rate is larger than the hexagonal closest packing, and the communication porosity is small.
- the powdered spherical resin particles are sintered after compression molding, there is no point contact, and the spherical resin particles are deformed and brought into surface contact. For this reason, the filling rate is larger than the hexagonal close-packing, and the communication porosity is smaller. For this reason, the limit of the communication porosity of conventional sintered resin moldings is about 20%.
- the communication porosity in the present invention is defined as substantially the same definition as the communication porosity described above, and refers to a communication porosity in a state where pores are continuous. That is, it refers to the ratio of the total volume of pores continuous to each other to the resin molded body.
- the communication porosity was calculated by the method shown in Formula (1) in Equation 1.
- Pore-forming material Resin Pore Pore-forming material Resin
- V 2 ′ (W 3 ⁇ W 1 ) I p
- Equation 1 the meaning of each symbol is shown below.
- V Volume of the molded body before washing formed by the heat compression molding method
- V Volume of pore forming material
- V Volume of the porous material after washing
- V Volume of pore forming material remaining in the porous body after washing
- % 30% or more, preferably 30%, by the production method described below.
- % More preferably a porous resin body having a communicating porosity of 30 to 70% is obtained.
- a porous resin body that can be used in the present invention is molded using a solvent that dissolves the pore-forming material and does not dissolve the resin after molding a resin containing the pore-forming material into a molded body. It is obtained by extracting pore-forming material from the body.
- water-soluble powder B having a melting point Y ° C higher than X ° C is blended with resin A having a molding temperature X ° C, and molded at X ° C to form a molded body.
- a porous material is obtained by extracting water-soluble powder B with water.
- resin powder and pellets such as thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, elastomer or rubber can be used.
- the particle size and shape of the resin powder and pellets are not particularly limited because they are kneaded with the pore forming material at the time of melting when melt molding. In the case of dry blending and compression molding as it is, an average particle size of 1 to 500 x m is preferable.
- thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin examples include polyethylene resins such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyethylene resins, water-crosslinked polyolefin resins, polyamide resins, and aromatic polyamide resins.
- elastomer or rubber examples include acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrinole rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, Vulcanized rubbers such as ril rubber, silicone rubber, fluoro rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, and epichlorohydrin rubber; polyurethane elastomer, polyester elastomer, polyamide elastomer, Examples of thermoplastic elastomers such as polybutadiene-based elastomers and soft nylon-based elastomers.
- the pore-forming material has a melting point higher than the molding temperature of the resin, and is blended with the resin to form a molded body, and then dissolved and extracted from the molded body using a solvent that does not dissolve the resin. Any substance can be used.
- the pore-forming material is preferably an inorganic salt compound, an organic salt compound, or a mixture thereof, and particularly preferably a water-soluble substance that facilitates the washing and extraction process.
- alkaline substances preferably weakly alkaline substances that can be used as antifungal agents are preferred.
- weak alkali salts include organic alkali metal salts, organic alkaline earth metal salts, inorganic alkali metal salts, and inorganic alkaline earth metal salts. It is preferable to use organic alkali metal salt or organic alkaline earth metal salt, because even when the unextracted part falls off, it is difficult to damage the relatively soft rolling surface and sliding surface. These metal salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a water-soluble weak alkali salt because inexpensive water can be used as a cleaning solvent, and waste liquid treatment at the time of pore formation is facilitated.
- the pore-forming material should be a substance having a melting point higher than the molding temperature of the resin used.
- Water-soluble organic alkali metal salts that can be suitably used in the present invention include sodium benzoate (melting point 430 ° C), sodium acetate (melting point 320 ° C), or sodium sebacate (melting point 340 ° C). , Sodium succinate, sodium stearate and the like. Because of its high melting point, compatibility with various resins, and high water solubility, sodium benzoate, vinegar Sodium acid or sodium sebacate is particularly preferred.
- inorganic alkali metal salts include potassium carbonate, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate, sodium tungstate, sodium triphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium metaphosphate, and calcium nitrate.
- the pore forming material manages the average particle size according to the application of the sliding material. When sliding material is used for sliding bearings, it can be used up to an average particle size of about 1000 x m.
- the ratio of the pore-forming material is 30% by volume to 90% by volume, preferably 40% by volume to 70% by volume, with respect to the total amount including other materials such as resin powder, porous body forming material and filler. Let's say. If it is less than 30% by volume, the pores of the porous body are difficult to become continuous pores. If it exceeds 90% by volume, the desired mechanical strength cannot be obtained.
- a filler insoluble in the solvent used for extraction of the pore forming material may be blended.
- Fibers such as elemental fiber, nitrided nitride fiber, boron nitride fiber, quartz wool, metal fiber, or those knitted into a cloth shape, calcium carbonate, lithium phosphate, lithium carbonate, calcium sulfate, lithium sulfate, talc, silica Minerals such as clay, My power, titanium oxide whisker, potassium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, inorganic whiskers such as calcium sulphate, carbon black, graphite, polyester fiber, polyimide resin and polybenzo
- Various thermosetting resins such as imidazole resin can be blended.
- amino acid compounds For the purpose of improving slidability, amino acid compounds, polyoxybenzoyl ester resins, polybenzimidazole resins, liquid crystal resins, aramid resin pulp, polytetrafluoroethylene boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, molybdenum disulfide. Can contain tungsten.
- carbon fiber, metal fiber, graphite powder, zinc oxide, aluminum nitride powder or the like may be blended. It is also possible to use a combination of a plurality of the above fillers.
- an additive calorie that can be widely applied to general synthetic resins with a blending amount that does not inhibit the effect of the present invention.
- An agent may be used in combination.
- a mold release agent, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a weather resistance improver, an antioxidant, a colorant, a conductivity imparting agent or the like may be added as appropriate, and the method of adding these is not particularly limited. Absent
- the mixing method of the resin material and the pore forming material is not particularly limited, and a kneading method generally used for mixing the resin such as dry blending and melt kneading can be applied.
- a method may be used in which the pore-forming material is dissolved in a liquid solvent to form a transparent solution, resin powder is dispersed and mixed in the solution, and then the solvent is removed.
- the dispersion mixing method is not particularly limited as long as it can be mixed in a liquid, and examples thereof include a ball mill, an ultrasonic disperser, a homogenizer, a juicer mixer, a Henschenore mixer, and the like. It is also effective to add a small amount of a surfactant to suppress the separation of the dispersion. During mixing, ensure the amount of solvent so that the pore-forming material is completely dissolved by mixing.
- any molding method such as compression molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, vacuum molding, transfer molding or the like can be employed. Also, in order to improve workability before molding, it can be processed into pellets or pre-preders.
- the molding is preferably performed according to the shape of the sliding member as the final product. In addition, the shape is finished by cutting after molding.
- the intermediate product or the final product is separately provided with chemical or physical treatment such as annealing. Modification for property improvement can be performed by a general treatment. Also
- pellets or pre-preder In order to improve workability before molding, it may be covered with pellets or pre-preder.
- the pore-forming material is extracted from the obtained molded body by washing the molded body with a solvent that dissolves the pore-forming material and does not dissolve the resin.
- solvent for example, water and alcohol solvents, ester solvents, ketone solvents, and the like can be used as solvents compatible with water.
- resin and pore forming material Depending on the type, it is appropriately selected according to the above conditions.
- These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is preferable to use water because of its advantages such as easy waste liquid treatment and low cost.
- the portion filled with the pore forming material is dissolved, and a porous resin body having pores formed in the dissolved portion is obtained.
- the sliding material of the present invention can be obtained by impregnating the porous resin body with a lubricating oil.
- Examples of the lubricating oil to be impregnated include mineral oils such as spindle oil, refrigerator oil, turbine oil, machine oil, dynamo oil, nophine mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil, polybutene, polyolefin, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, and fat.
- Hydrocarbon synthetic oils such as cyclic compounds, or natural oils and fats, polyol ester oils, phosphate esters, diester oils, polyglycol oils, silicone oils, polyphenyl ether oils, alkyl diphenyl ether oils, fluorinated oils, etc. Any commonly used lubricating oil such as non-hydrocarbon synthetic oil can be used without any particular limitation.
- Examples of the lubricant when used in vacuum conditions can be used any lubricating oil having a vapor pressure 1. or less 0 X 10- 5 Pa at 40 ° C. If vapor pressure at 40 ° C of the lubricating oil is 1. or less 0 X 10- 5 Pa, it is possible to prevent the divergence of the lubricating oil in vacuum, it can be suitably used even under vacuum conditions.
- lubricating oil examples include petroleum-based lubricating oil, alkylated cyclopentane-based oil, perfluoropolyether oil and the like highly refined so as to achieve the low vapor pressure.
- Alkyl cyclopentane oil is preferred because it is a lubricant that can withstand use under vacuum conditions and has excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, solvent resistance, and load resistance. Also, when the force on the sliding surface and the surface pressure applied are low, perfluoropolyether oil can be suitably used.
- the alkylated cyclopentane oil is a lubricating oil having a structure shown in the following chemical formula 1.
- R is a linear or branched alkyl group
- m is an integer of 3 to 4.
- alkylated cyclopentane-based oil tri (2-OTA chill dodecyl) cyclopentane (vapor pressure (40 ° C): 1 ⁇ 0 X 10- 8 Pa NYE LUBICANTS Co. NYE S YNTHETIC OIL 2001A) Is mentioned.
- perfluoropolyether oil either linear or branched may be used as long as the above vapor pressure condition is satisfied.
- Specific examples of peroxide full O b polyether oil DEMNUM S- 200 (vapor pressure (40 ° C): 1. Made 0 X 10- 6 Pa Daikin Industries, Ltd.), Fomblin ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ eight Rei_140713 ( vapor pressure (40 ° 0: 1. 0 X 10- 9 Pa Solvent Isorekushisu Co.), follower Nburin Z25 (vapor pressure (40.C): 1. manufactured OX 10- 9 Pa Solvent Isorekushisu Inc.), Fomblin Z60 (vapor pressure (40.C): 1.
- the lubricating oil may be used alone or in combination as long as it satisfies the vapor pressure condition.
- an extreme pressure agent an antioxidant, a mildew-proofing agent, a pour point depressant, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent, a surface active agent are added as necessary without departing from the object of the present invention.
- Agents, wear control agents, etc. As the antioxidant, a phenol type, an amine type, a thio type or the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the sliding material impregnation method of the present invention may be any method that can impregnate the resin porous body.
- the pressure reduction impregnation in which the porous resin body is crushed in an impregnation tank filled with lubricating oil and then impregnated under reduced pressure is preferable.
- high viscosity silicone oil is used, pressure impregnation is possible.
- the resin material has a molding temperature of 300 ° C from polyethylene resin, polyacetanol resin or the like having a molding temperature of 200 ° C or less.
- a wide range of polytetrafluoroethylene resins exceeding C and polyether ether ketone resins can be freely selected, and fillers can be blended without the influence of lubricating oil.
- a resin porous body is reinforced with fibers, it can be made a high-strength sliding material, If high-performance resin and lubricating oil are used, a heat-resistant sliding material can be obtained.
- the lubricating oil supply layer disposed on the non-sliding surface of the porous resin body layer can be used as long as it has a structure and material that can hold the lubricating oil and supply the lubricating oil to the sliding surface.
- a suitable lubricating oil supply layer is a sintered metal.
- the sintered metal body can supply lubricating oil while maintaining excellent dimensional accuracy.
- the layer thickness of the metal sintered body is made larger than the layer thickness of the resin porous body layer.
- most of the material forming the slide bearing is a sintered metal.
- the metal sintered body examples include Fe-based sintered metal, Cu-based sintered metal, Fe-Cu-based sintered metal, and the like, and may include C, Zn, Sn and the like as components. Also, a small amount of binder may be added to improve moldability and releasability. In addition, aluminum-based materials such as Cu, Mg, Si, etc., or metal-synthetic resin materials in which iron powder is bonded with epoxy-based synthetic resins can be used. Furthermore, in order to improve the adhesiveness with the porous resin layer, it is possible to perform surface treatment or use an adhesive or the like as long as it does not hinder molding.
- Fe-based sintered metal In order to obtain a sliding bearing excellent in mechanical strength and durability as well as high dimensional accuracy and rotational accuracy, an Fe-based sintered metal is preferable.
- Fe-based means that the Fe content is 90% or more by weight. As long as this condition is satisfied, other components such as Cu, Sn, Zn, and C may be contained.
- Fe includes stainless steel.
- the Fe-based sintered metal is formed, for example, by forming a raw material metal powder containing Fe in the above content (a small amount of a binder may be added in order to improve moldability and releasability) into a predetermined shape, It can be formed by subjecting the sintered body obtained by degreasing and firing to post-treatment such as sizing, if necessary. Inside the sintered metal are a large number of internal pores due to a porous structure, and on the surface there are a large number of surface openings formed by opening the internal pores to the outside.
- the layer thickness of the resin porous body layer is important for maintaining the dimensional accuracy.
- the layer thickness relationship between the porous resin layer and the lubricating oil supply layer will be described in detail with reference to Table 1.
- Table 1 shows porous resin body layer 2 (inner diameter: D, outer diameter: D) as the inner layer, and sintered metal layer 3 (inner diameter: D,
- the clearance between the shaft and the inner layer of the slide bearing was set to 30 / m.
- the volume expansion of the resin porous body layer 2 is constrained by the metal sintered body layer 3 and escapes to the inner diameter side, so that the gap is reduced.
- the porous resin layer 2 and the sintered metal layer 3 are in close contact with each other, and the coefficient of linear expansion (/ K) of the studied materials is as follows.
- Polyethylene (PE) resin used as the inner layer of the bearing 0.00013
- Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin used as the inner layer of the bearing 0.00006
- the layer thickness (T) of the resin porous body layer 2 As shown in Table 1, if a resin with a large linear expansion coefficient is used and the layer thickness (T) of the resin porous body layer 2 is increased, the change in the gap increases, which is not preferable because it causes uneven rotation. . For this reason, in order to reduce the gap change, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the porous resin body layer 2. Although it depends on the value of the linear expansion coefficient of the resin porous body layer 2, the preferred range is that the resin porous body layer 2 has a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal sintered body and the resin porous body layer having communication holes can be joined as long as they can be fixed to each other.
- press fitting, pinning, coating, physical retaining, etc. can be employed.
- oils to be impregnated into the sintered metal or the resin porous body layer examples include oils that can be used for the sliding material.
- the lubricating oil may contain an extreme pressure agent, an antioxidant, a mildew-proofing agent, a pour point depressant, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent as necessary, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- Surfactants, wear control agents and the like can be blended.
- As the antioxidant a phenol type, an amine type, a thio type or the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the impregnation method may be any method that can impregnate the sintered metal and the porous resin layer.
- the pressure reduction impregnation in which the resin porous body layer and the like are crushed in an impregnation tank filled with lubricating oil and then impregnated under reduced pressure is preferable.
- high viscosity silicone oil is used, pressure impregnation is possible.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 are sectional views of the plain bearing.
- the sliding bearing 1 has a porous resin layer 2 sliding surface and an anti-sliding surface, and a metal sintered body layer 3 serving as a lubricating oil supply layer is formed on the back surface of the porous resin layer 2. Yes.
- Slide bearings 1 have a flanged bush type (Fig. 1), thrust type (Fig. 2), radial type (Fig. 3), thrust and radial mixed type (Figs. 4 and 5), etc.
- the optimum bearing shape can be selected according to the shape of the part. Moreover, it can also be made into the shape which provided the groove
- Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene powder (Miperon XM220 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) and sodium benzoate powder (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) are mixed in a mixer at a volume ratio of 50:50 for 5 minutes. The mixed powder was obtained. This mixed powder was subjected to heat compression molding (200 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined molded product ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm test piece). The molded body was washed with hot water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- a test piece was obtained by impregnating the porous body with silicone oil (KF96H-6000 (Kinematic viscosity 6000mm 2 / s (25 ° C)) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) at 60 ° C. It was 45% of the total body volume.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder 150PF manufactured by Vitatrex Co., Ltd.
- sodium benzoate powder (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) are mixed in a mixer at a volume ratio of 50:50 for 5 minutes. A powder was obtained. This mixed powder was subjected to heat compression molding (360 ° C. X 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined molded body (test piece of ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm). The molded body was washed with warm water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- This porous material was vacuum impregnated with silicone oil (KF96H-6000 (kinematic viscosity 6000mm 2 / s (25 ° C)) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) at 60 ° C to obtain a test piece. It was 45% of the total body volume.
- silicone oil KF96H-6000 (kinematic viscosity 6000mm 2 / s (25 ° C) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder (Vitatrex 150PF), carbon fiber (Toray Co., Ltd. MLD100) and sodium benzoate powder (Wako Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. reagent) in a volume ratio of 40:10 : 50 minutes of mixing with a mixer for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed powder.
- This mixed powder was subjected to heat compression molding (360 ° C. X 30 minutes) and then cut into a predetermined molded body ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm test piece). The molded body was washed with hot water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder 150PF manufactured by Vitatrex Co., Ltd.
- carbon fiber MLD100 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
- sodium triphosphate powder sodium tripolyphosphate manufactured by Taihei Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
- This mixed powder was heat compression molded (360 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined compact ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm test piece).
- the shaped body was washed with hot water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium triphosphate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder (Vitatrex Co., Ltd. 150PF), carbon fiber (Toray Co., Ltd. MLD100) and calcium nitrate powder (Wako Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. reagent) volume ratio 40: 1 10:
- a mixed powder was obtained by mixing at a ratio of 50 for 5 minutes with a mixer. This mixed powder was subjected to heat compression molding (360 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined molded body ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ I 3 mm test piece). The molded body was washed with warm water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the calcium nitrate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C.
- Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene powder (Miperon XM220 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) and silicone oil (KF96H-6000 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) are mixed in a mixer at a volume ratio of 90:10 for 5 minutes and then heated. Compression molding (200 ° CX 30 minutes) was performed, and a predetermined test piece ( ⁇ 3 mm XI 3 mm) was obtained by cutting.
- a pin-on-disk test was performed on the test pieces produced in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 in which the ⁇ 3mm surface of the test piece was brought into contact with the rotating disk counterpart.
- the test conditions are shown below.
- Test piece ⁇ 3mm X 13mm, Orbit diameter 23mm
- ratio wear amount Te to base is, 50 X 10- 8 mm 3 / (N'm) below There was excellent wear resistance. Also, the coefficient of dynamic friction was as low as 0.05.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder 150PF manufactured by Vitatrex
- sodium benzoate powder (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) are mixed in a mixer at a volume ratio of 50:50 for 5 minutes. A powder was obtained. This mixed powder was heat compression molded (360 ° C x 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined shaped body (test piece of ⁇ 3 mm x 13 mm). The molded body was washed with hot water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- a test piece was obtained by vacuum impregnating this porous material with alkyl-cyclopentane oil (NYESYNTHETIC OIL 2001 A manufactured by NYE LUBICANTS).
- the oil content was 45% with respect to the total volume of the porous body.
- Example 7 Mix polyether ether ketone resin powder (150PF manufactured by Vitatrex) and sodium benzoate powder (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) at a volume ratio of 50:50 in a mixer for 5 minutes. A powder was obtained. This mixed powder was heat compression molded (360 ° C. X 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined molded body (a test piece of 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm). The molded body was washed with hot water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%. A test piece was obtained by vacuum impregnating this porous material with perfluoropolyether oil (Fomblin Z60 manufactured by Solvay Solexis). The oil content was 45% with respect to the total volume of the porous body.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder (Vitatrex 150PF), carbon fiber (Toray MLD100) and sodium benzoate powder (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. reagent) in a volume ratio of 40:10:50 And mixed for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed powder.
- This mixed powder was subjected to hot compression molding (360 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined molded product ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm test piece).
- the molded body was washed with warm water at 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- the porous body was vacuum impregnated with alkylated cyclopentane oil (NYESYNTHETIC OIL 2001A manufactured by NYE LUBICANTS) to obtain a test piece.
- the oil content was 45% with respect to the total volume of the porous body.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder (Vitatrex 150PF), carbon fiber (Toray MLD100) and sodium triphosphate powder (Taihei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. sodium tripolyphosphate) in a volume ratio of 40:10:50 And mixed with a mixer for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed powder.
- This mixed powder was subjected to heat compression molding (360 ° C. X 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined compact ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm test piece).
- the compact was washed with hot water of 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium triphosphate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- Polyetheretherketone resin powder (Vitatrex 150PF), carbon fiber (Toray MLD100) and calcium nitrate powder (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. reagent) at a volume ratio of 40:10:50 in a mixer
- the mixed powder was obtained by mixing for 5 minutes.
- This mixed powder was heat compression molded (360 ° C x 30 minutes), and then cut into a predetermined shaped body (test piece of 3 mm x 13 mm).
- the molded body was washed with hot water of 80 ° C. for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute nitrate power powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous body having a communication porosity of 48%.
- the porous body was vacuum impregnated with alkylated cyclopentane oil (NYES YNTHETIC OIL 2001A manufactured by NYE LUBICANTS) to obtain a test piece.
- the oil content was 45% with respect to the total volume of the porous body.
- Polyphenylene sulfide resin powder (T4AG manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.) and alkylated cyclopentane oil (NYESYNTHETIC OIL 2001A manufactured by NYE LUBICANTS) were mixed in a mixer at a volume ratio of 95: 5 for 5 minutes. After that, heat compression molding (330 ° C ⁇ 30 minutes) was performed, and a predetermined test piece ( ⁇ 3 mm ⁇ 13 mm) was obtained by cutting.
- test pieces produced in Examples 6 to 10 and Comparative Example 2 were subjected to a vacuum pin-on-disk test in which the ⁇ 3 mm surface of the test piece was brought into contact with the rotating disk counterpart.
- the test conditions are shown below.
- the wear amount was calculated from the difference between the pin length before the test and the pin length after the test.
- the results are shown in Table 3 together with the dynamic friction coefficient.
- Comparative Example 2 > 3000 (Stopped due to excessive wear) 0.30 As shown in Table 3, all of the specimens of Examples 6 to 10 made of the sliding material of the present invention had a specific wear amount of Comparative Example 2. Compared with small wear resistance, it was excellent. The coefficient of dynamic friction was also low at 0.05.
- Polyamide (nylon 6) resin powder and sodium benzoate powder were mixed at a volume ratio of 50:50 with a mixer for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed powder.
- a resin cylinder having an inner diameter ⁇ i> 8 mm X outer diameter ⁇ 8.7 mm X height t3 mm was formed.
- the molded body was washed with warm water at 80 ° C for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous resin cylinder having a communication porosity of 49%.
- a sintered metal cylinder (internal porosity: 30%, Cu—Sn type) having an inner diameter of ⁇ 8.5 mm, an outer diameter of ⁇ 16 mm, and a height of t3 mm was prepared.
- the porous resin cylinder was press-fitted into the sintered metal cylinder, and the inner surface was processed to obtain a plain bearing having an inner diameter c) of 8 mm X outer diameter ⁇ 16 mm X height t3 mm.
- This plain bearing was immersed in ester oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd .: H481R), vacuum impregnation treatment was performed, and oil was sealed in the pores.
- the clearance between the shaft and plain bearing was 30 im (measured at 25 ° C).
- the bearing was immersed in water (temperature: 25 ° C) for 150 hours, and the dimensional change (outer diameter part) was measured.
- the dimensional change was 30 zm or less, it was judged as ⁇ , and when it was larger than 30 zm, it was judged as X.
- the measurement items are (a) sliding bearing wear, (b) shaft wear, (c) dynamic friction coefficient at the end of the test, (d) shaft stiffening, (e) water absorption Dimensional change at the time (judgment of ⁇ and X) was measured.
- a sintered metal cylinder with an inner diameter of 8 mm, an outer diameter of 16 mm, and a height of t3 mm (communication porosity: 30%, Cu-Sn type) was used as a sliding bearing.
- This sintered metal bearing was immersed in ester oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats: H481R), vacuum impregnation treatment was performed, and oil was sealed in the pores.
- ester oil manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats: H481R
- vacuum impregnation treatment was performed, and oil was sealed in the pores.
- the friction and wear test and the dimensional change due to standing in water were measured. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Polyamide (nylon 6) resin powder and sodium benzoate powder were mixed at a volume ratio of 70:30 for 5 minutes with a mixer to obtain a mixed powder.
- a resin cylinder having an inner diameter ⁇ i> 8 mm, an outer diameter ⁇ 16 mm, and a height t3 mm was formed.
- the molded body was washed with warm water at 80 ° C for 10 hours with an ultrasonic cleaner to elute the sodium benzoate powder. Thereafter, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a porous resin cylinder having a communication porosity of 29%.
- This porous resin cylinder was immersed in ester oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats: H481R), vacuum impregnation treatment was performed, and oil was sealed in the pores.
- ester oil manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats: H481R
- a friction / abrasion test and measurement of dimensional changes due to standing in water were performed under the same conditions as in Example 11. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 11 As shown in Table 4, in Example 11 in which the sintered metal body and the resin porous body layer were used in combination, the wear of the bearing and the counterpart material shaft was eliminated, and the dynamic friction coefficient was as low as about 0.05. Indicates the value. In addition, there is little dimensional change due to water absorption.
- Comparative Example 3 in which a plain bearing was constructed using only a sintered metal body, the shaft bearing was worn and the coefficient of friction was as high as 0.35.
- Comparative Example 4 where a plain bearing was constructed using only a porous resin body, there was no wear on the bearing and shaft, but the dimensional change due to water absorption was large and the shaft was stiff.
- the sliding material of the present invention has excellent heat resistance, low friction coefficient, wear resistance, and the like. Therefore, the sliding bearing, gear, sliding sheet, seal ring, roller, rolling bearing retainer, rolling It can be suitably used as a material for sliding members such as seals for roller bearings, seals for linear motion bearings, spacers inserted between balls of balls and balls, races for rolling bearings, and various carriages.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bush type plain bearing with a flange.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a thrust type plain bearing.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a radial type plain bearing.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a thrust and radial mixed type plain bearing.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a thrust and radial mixed type plain bearing. Explanation of symbols 1 Slide bearing
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Abstract
Description
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CN2005800188448A CN1973023B (zh) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-06-09 | 滑动材料和滑动轴承 |
US11/628,484 US7703983B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-06-09 | Sliding material and sliding bearing |
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JP2004-184123 | 2004-06-22 | ||
JP2004184123A JP2006009834A (ja) | 2004-06-22 | 2004-06-22 | すべり軸受 |
JP2004-250439 | 2004-08-30 | ||
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US20070232502A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
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