WO2005119823A1 - 排気弁の故障診断装置 - Google Patents
排気弁の故障診断装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005119823A1 WO2005119823A1 PCT/JP2005/009838 JP2005009838W WO2005119823A1 WO 2005119823 A1 WO2005119823 A1 WO 2005119823A1 JP 2005009838 W JP2005009838 W JP 2005009838W WO 2005119823 A1 WO2005119823 A1 WO 2005119823A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust valve
- hydrogen
- pressure
- failure
- valve
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04402—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04686—Failure or abnormal function of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a failure diagnosis device that determines a failure of an exhaust valve disposed in a discharge flow path of an anode exhaust gas of a fuel cell system, and more particularly to an improved technique for improving failure determination accuracy.
- the hydrogen gas discharged from the anode is returned to the anode again.
- the hydrogen gas circulation path is provided with a hydrogen exhaust valve for exhausting a part of the hydrogen gas.When the concentration of components other than hydrogen contained in the hydrogen gas becomes high, the hydrogen exhaust valve is periodically turned on. In this way, the concentration of hydrogen supplied to the anode is properly maintained. However, if an abnormality occurs in the hydrogen exhaust valve and the opening and closing operation of the valve does not function properly, battery operation will be hindered.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-92212 detects a hydrogen discharge command to the hydrogen exhaust valve, and determines the target pressure of the fuel supply section of the fuel cell stack and the actual hydrogen supply pressure.
- a technique for judging the failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve based on this has been proposed. If the hydrogen exhaust valve is open, the actual hydrogen supply pressure should drop below the target pressure, so if the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is normal and if the difference is less than the threshold, it is determined to be a closed failure it can. Also, when the hydrogen exhaust valve is closed, the actual hydrogen supply pressure should match the target pressure. Therefore, if the difference is less than the threshold, it is normal, and if the difference is greater than the threshold, it is open. late Can be determined as a failure.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. JP-A-2003-9221
- a pressure sensor is installed in the hydrogen supply path of the fuel cell stack to detect the hydrogen supply pressure, so such a configuration is employed in a system having a hydrogen circulation system. Then, since the pressure sensor is affected by the pulsation (pressure fluctuation) of the hydrogen circulation pump that propagates the hydrogen gas, it becomes difficult to accurately detect the hydrogen supply pressure required for the failure diagnosis of the hydrogen exhaust valve. There is a risk of erroneous diagnosis of failure judgment.
- the relationship between the opening and closing time of the hydrogen exhaust valve and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell stack is stored in advance as map data, and the opening and closing of the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled with reference to this map data.
- map data When the flow characteristic of the hydrogen exhaust valve changes due to the aging of the exhaust system or some system factor, a deviation may occur between the actual hydrogen purge amount and the map value (planned hydrogen purge amount). You. If the actual amount of hydrogen purge falls below the map value, the impurity concentration in the hydrogen circulation system will increase, and the power generation characteristics of the fuel cell stack will decrease. On the other hand, if the actual amount of hydrogen purge exceeds the map value, the fuel consumption will deteriorate. In order to detect such abnormalities, it is necessary to identify the abnormal part only by detecting the pressure change in the hydrogen exhaust passage upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened and when it is closed. I can't.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and solves the problem of anode discharge of a fuel cell system. It is an object of the present invention to propose a failure diagnosis device that can accurately determine a failure of an exhaust valve disposed in a gas discharge passage.
- a failure diagnosis device of the present invention is a device for diagnosing a failure of an exhaust valve disposed in a discharge flow path of an anode exhaust gas exhausted from a fuel cell, comprising: Detecting means for detecting a state quantity of the anode exhaust gas between the anode exhaust gas outlet of the battery and the exhaust valve; and detecting a failure of the exhaust valve based on the state quantity of the anode exhaust gas detected by the detecting means. Determining means for determining. Since the failure of the exhaust valve is determined based on the state quantity of the anode exhaust gas between the outlet of the anode exhaust gas and the exhaust valve, accurate failure diagnosis can be performed.
- a failure diagnosis device is a device for diagnosing a failure of an exhaust valve disposed in a discharge flow path of an anode exhaust gas exhausted from a fuel cell, comprising: a discharge port for an anode exhaust gas of a fuel cell.
- Detecting means for detecting the state quantity of the anode exhaust gas between the fuel cell and the exhaust valve; and detecting the exhaust valve state based on the state quantity of the anode exhaust gas detected by the detecting means and a failure determination value corresponding to the operating state of the fuel cell.
- Determining means for determining a failure; By performing the failure determination of the exhaust valve based on the failure determination value corresponding to the operating state of the fuel cell, the failure determination can be accurately performed without being affected by the operating state of the fuel cell.
- the pressure of the anode exhaust gas is suitable.
- the failure diagnosis apparatus of the present invention further includes a throttle means for reducing a flow path cross-sectional area of a discharge flow path between the discharge port of the anode exhaust gas and the exhaust valve, and the detection means includes a throttle means and an exhaust valve. It is desirable to configure to detect the state quantity of the anode exhaust gas during the period.
- the throttle means By installing the throttle means in the discharge passage;, since the amount of decrease in ⁇ Roh one de exhaust gas pressure at the time of opening of the exhaust valve can be further increased, the anode exhaust gas varies depending on the operating state of the fuel cell Accurate failure judgment can be performed without being affected by pressure.
- the determination means repeats the determination of the exhaust valve failure a plurality of times when the failure of the exhaust valve is detected. With this configuration, it is possible to avoid erroneous determination due to a temporary malfunction or the like.
- the determination means determines a failure of the exhaust valve based on a pressure change accompanying the opening and closing of the exhaust valve.
- Valve failure can be determined by detecting pressure fluctuations associated with opening and closing the exhaust valve.
- the determination means detects the anode exhaust gas pressure detected by the detection means when the closed exhaust valve opens, and the detection means detects from the time the exhaust valve opens until the exhaust valve closes. It is preferable to determine the failure of the exhaust valve based on the minimum pressure of the anode exhaust gas and the return pressure of the anode exhaust gas detected by the detecting means when the opened exhaust valve closes. By performing a failure determination of the exhaust valve based on the plurality of pressure values, a highly accurate failure determination can be realized.
- the determining means is configured to determine whether the decrease in the pressure value of the anode exhaust gas detected by the detecting means when the closed exhaust valve is opened is less than a predetermined threshold value, or to the downstream side of the exhaust valve or It is preferable to determine that there is a flow rate reduction factor in the exhaust valve itself, and to determine that there is a flow rate reduction factor upstream of the exhaust valve when the flow rate is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value. With this configuration, it is possible to specify a part of a flow rate reduction factor generated in the discharge flow path of the anode exhaust gas.
- FIG. 1 is a main configuration diagram of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a decrease in outlet hydrogen pressure when the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened.
- FIG. 3 is a failure determination routine using the absolute pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure.
- FIG. 4 shows a failure determination routine using the differential pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure.
- FIG. 5 is a main configuration diagram of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a main configuration diagram of the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure change due to the opening / closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
- FIG. 8 is a failure determination routine of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure change accompanying the opening / closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure change accompanying the opening / closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
- FIG. 11 is a determination routine for identifying an abnormal site in the hydrogen exhaust system. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the failure diagnosis device provides a hydrogen flow path (hydrogen discharge path or hydrogen circulation path) between the hydrogen discharge port of the fuel cell and the hydrogen discharge valve when an open / close command is given to the hydrogen discharge valve.
- the state quantity of the flowing hydrogen gas is detected, and based on the detected state quantity of the hydrogen gas and the failure determination value corresponding to the operating state of the fuel cell (for example, the hydrogen gas state quantity and the failure determination) Determine the failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve (operational failure such as open / close failure or gas leakage due to damage, etc.).
- the state quantity of the hydrogen gas means the hydrogen pressure or a physical quantity physically equivalent to the hydrogen pressure (for example, the flow rate or the flow velocity of the hydrogen gas).
- the state quantity of the hydrogen gas shall include the change amount of the hydrogen pressure or a physical quantity equivalent to the hydrogen pressure or the change rate thereof.
- the gas state quantity is exemplified by hydrogen pressure (absolute pressure) or a change amount thereof, but is not limited to this.
- the failure determination value refers to the state quantity of hydrogen gas as a guide for failure determination, and an appropriate failure determination can be made by taking into account the amount of change in the gas state quantity of hydrogen gas that varies according to the operating state of the fuel cell. It is desirable to set so that it can be performed.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the system 10 is, for example, configured as a power generation system for mounting on a fuel cell vehicle or stationary, and includes a fuel cell stack 20 that receives a supply of a reaction gas (hydrogen gas, oxygen gas) and generates electric power.
- a reaction gas hydrogen gas, oxygen gas
- Fuel cell stack 20 Membrane electrode assembly 24 in which anode electrode 22 and force electrode 23 are formed on both sides of polymer electrolyte membrane 21 composed of proton-conducting ion exchange membrane etc. It has.
- Both surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly 24 are sandwiched by a ribbed separator (not shown), and a groove-shaped anode gas channel 25 and a force source gas channel 2
- a hydrogen supply source such as a high-pressure hydrogen tank or a hydrogen storage alloy tank
- a regulator 61 When being supplied and subjected to the battery reaction, it flows through the hydrogen discharge path 32 and is discharged.
- the hydrogen discharge path 32 is provided with a hydrogen exhaust valve 62 for discharging hydrogen off-gas out of the system.
- the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 for example, an electromagnetic shutoff valve is suitable, and any of a linear valve and an on / off valve may be used.
- a pressure sensor 70 is provided between the hydrogen discharge port 27 of the fuel cell stack 20 and the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 as detection means for detecting the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen discharge path 32.
- the oxygen gas supplied from the oxygen supply path 41 to the power source electrode 23 flows through the oxygen discharge path 42 after being subjected to the battery reaction, and is discharged.
- the control unit 50 is a system controller that performs power generation control in accordance with a required load, and gives an opening / closing command of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 as needed to periodically discharge hydrogen off-gas.
- the control unit 50 functions as a failure diagnosis device including a determination unit 51 that determines a failure such as an open / close failure or breakage of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 based on the hydrogen pressure detected by the pressure sensor 70.
- the minimum hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen exhaust passage 32 between the hydrogen exhaust port 27 and the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 (hereinafter referred to as the outlet hydrogen pressure) is obtained.
- the pressure becomes higher than the assumed maximum pressure (estimated maximum pressure) at the time of hydrogen purging (when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened), and when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is normally opened, the outlet hydrogen pressure does not pass. It has been confirmed by the inventor's experiments that the pressure is below the assumed minimum pressure (estimated minimum pressure) during normal operation (when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is closed).
- the assumed maximum pressure during hydrogen purging and the assumed minimum pressure during normal operation are the pressures determined according to the operating conditions of the system (such as the operating load of the fuel cell stack 20 and the flow characteristics of the regulator 61). Value or a constant pressure value irrespective of the operating state of the system.
- These pressure values can be used as failure determination values for the hydrogen exhaust valve 62. Specifically, the outlet hydrogen pressure (absolute pressure) when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is closed or the outlet hydrogen pressure (absolute pressure) when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is open is determined.
- FIG. 3 shows a hydrogen exhaust valve failure determination routine using the absolute value of the outlet hydrogen pressure.
- This routine is executed by the control unit 50.
- an initial value “1” is assigned to initialize the variable I (S 101).
- Variable I is a variable for counting the number of repetitions of failure judgment.
- S102 it is determined whether or not hydrogen purging is performed.
- S102 When performing hydrogen purging (S102; YES), a valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 (S103), and the minimum value of the outlet hydrogen pressure (the minimum pressure detected by the pressure sensor 70) is obtained. It is determined whether P1 is equal to or higher than the assumed maximum pressure PX during hydrogen purging (S104).
- the value of the variable I is incremented by "1" (S107), and if the value of the variable I is less than the predetermined number of times IA (S108; NO), the processing after S103 is repeated again, If the value is equal to or more than the predetermined number of times IA (S108; YES), it is determined that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is in a closed failure state (S109).
- open failure refers to a failure state in which the valve remains open and cannot be closed
- closed failure refers to a failure state in which the valve remains closed and cannot be opened
- FIG. 4 shows a hydrogen exhaust valve failure determination routine using the differential pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure.
- This routine is executed by the control unit 50.
- this routine is called, first, an initial value “1” is assigned to initialize the variable J (S 2 01).
- the variable J is a variable for counting the number of repetitions of the failure determination.
- it is determined whether or not to perform hydrogen purging (S202). If the hydrogen purging is not performed (S202; NO), the routine ends.
- the secondary pressure of the regulator 61 decreases, while at a low load that a small flow of hydrogen is sufficient, the secondary pressure of the regulator 61 increases. The value is lower during low load operation than during load operation. Then, the differential pressure (PA-PB) is compared with the assumed differential pressure PZ. If the differential pressure (PA-PB) is higher than the assumed differential pressure PZ (S206; YES), no switching failure (normal operation) (.S207) and terminates the routine.
- the hydrogen discharge path between the hydrogen discharge port 27 and the pressure sensor 70 is increased in order to enhance the failure determination accuracy.
- An orifice (throttle means or flow rate restricting means) 80 for reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is provided at 32 (see FIG. 1) so as to further increase the amount of decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure after the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened. It is desirable to configure. If the orifice 80 is provided upstream of the pressure sensor 70, the fluid resistance of the hydrogen discharge passage 32 increases, so even if the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened, the hydrogen gas is supplied to the pressure sensor 70 downstream of the orifice 80. Is difficult to flow.
- the amount of decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure (solid line) when the orifice 80 is provided is larger than the amount of decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure (dotted line) when the orifice 80 is not provided.
- the amount of decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure after the opening of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 it is possible to avoid erroneous determination of the switching failure due to the operation load / flow rate characteristics of the regulator 61, and the like.
- the failure determination of the hydrogen exhaust valve 32 is performed by comparing the failure determination value taking into account the variation of the hydrogen flow rate caused by the operating load and the flow rate characteristics of the regulator 61 with the outlet hydrogen pressure.
- failure determination can be performed without being affected by the operation state of the system.
- the orifice 80 upstream of the pressure sensor 70 the amount of decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure after opening the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is increased, which is caused by the operating load and the flow characteristics of the regulator 61. Misjudgment of switching failure can be avoided.
- either one of the hydrogen exhaust valve failure determination routine using the absolute pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure and the hydrogen exhaust valve failure determination routine using the differential pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure may be executed. If an open / close failure is detected in the failure determination routine, the other failure determination routine may be executed to redetermine the presence or absence of the open / close failure. , '
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell system 11 according to the present embodiment.
- the system 11 has a hydrogen circulation system, and a hydrogen circulation path 33 for returning the hydrogen gas flowing through the hydrogen discharge path 32 to the hydrogen supply path 31 is provided.
- a hydrogen circulation pump 63 for pumping the hydrogen gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 20 to the hydrogen supply path 31 is provided in the hydrogen discharge path 32.
- the operation of the hydrogen circulation pump 63 is controlled by the control unit 50.
- the driving of the hydrogen circulation pump 63 is performed in addition to the flow rate characteristics of the regulator 61.
- the outlet hydrogen pressure (detected pressure) detected by the pressure sensor 70 may be affected by the hydrogen circulation pump 63 to cause a measurement error. Therefore, by providing an orifice 80 between the downstream side of the hydrogen circulation pump 63 and the pressure sensor 70, the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen gas propagating to the pressure sensor 70 due to the driving of the hydrogen circulation pump 63 is suppressed. are doing.
- the failure determination processing of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 (the hydrogen exhaust valve failure determination routine using the absolute pressure or the differential pressure of the outlet hydrogen pressure) in the present embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment.
- Example 1 or Example 2 described above as a means for increasing the decrease in the outlet hydrogen pressure when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened, the flow path cross-sectional area of the hydrogen discharge path 32 is reduced.
- the orifice 80 is not necessarily required if the throttling means is capable of reducing the pressure.
- a valve as a throttling means is provided in the hydrogen discharge path 32, and the valve opening degree is adjusted to adjust the hydrogen discharge path 3
- the configuration may be such that the cross-sectional area of the channel 2 is reduced.
- a restricting means (such as an orifice or a valve) is not always essential, and may be omitted as appropriate.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of the fuel cell system 12 according to the present embodiment.
- the hydrogen gas released from the high-pressure hydrogen tank 92 is supplied to the anode 22 of the fuel cell 20 through the hydrogen supply path 31.
- the hydrogen off-gas after being subjected to the battery reaction flows through the hydrogen discharge path 32, is compressed by the hydrogen circulation pump 63, and returns to the hydrogen supply path 31 via the hydrogen circulation path 33.
- a hydrogen discharge path 34 is branched from the hydrogen circulation path 33 to open and close the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 so as to discharge hydrogen off-gas having a high impurity concentration out of the hydrogen circulation system.
- the hydrogen off-gas discharged from the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is introduced into the diluter 93, where it is diluted to a sufficiently low concentration. It is exhausted outside.
- the air taken in from the atmosphere is pressurized by the air compressor 9 1 and supplied to the power source pole 23 through the oxygen supply path 41.
- the oxygen off-gas after being subjected to the battery reaction flows through the oxygen discharge path 42 and flows into the diluter 93.
- a flow rate limiting element 90 is provided upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- the flow rate limiting element 90 is a member for limiting the flow rate of the hydrogen off gas flowing through the hydrogen discharge path 34, and is, for example, an orifice.
- the control unit 50 controls the drive of the air compressor 91 and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62, and also determines the failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 based on the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 70.
- the pressure sensor 70 measures the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen discharge passage 34 between the outlet side of the flow rate limiting element 90 and the inlet side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure change accompanying the opening / closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- a drive signal for repeating the opening and closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 three times is output.
- the first valve opening command is in the period from time t1 to t2
- the second valve opening command is in the period from time t3 to t4
- the third valve opening command is in the period from time t5 to t6.
- the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 normally opened, but the second and third times. , Remains open (open fault).
- P 1—n is the pressure value immediately after the n-th valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62
- P 2—n is the n-th valve opening command given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- P3-n is the return pressure value immediately after the nth valve closing command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- Each of these pressure values P 1 — n, P 2 — n, and P 3 — n is a detection value of the pressure sensor 70. If no valve failure has occurred in the hydrogen exhaust valve 62, the pressure P 1 — n when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is closed is equal to the pressure in the hydrogen circulation path 33.
- the control unit 50 stores the pressure values ⁇ 1-1, ⁇ 2-1, and ⁇ 3-1 when the first valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- the controller 50 compares ⁇ 3-1 with ⁇ 2-1 and determines whether or not the pressure difference between the two is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.
- a predetermined threshold In the example shown in FIG. 7, since the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 normally opens and closes in response to the first valve opening command, the pressure difference between the two becomes equal to or higher than the threshold value. Therefore, the control unit 50 determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is normally opened and closed, and stores ⁇ 1-1 as a normal pressure.
- the control unit 50 stores the pressure values ⁇ 1-2, ⁇ 2-2, and ⁇ 2-2 when the second valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- the control unit 50 compares ⁇ 3-2 with ⁇ 2-2 and determines whether or not the pressure difference between the two is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.
- a predetermined threshold In the example shown in FIG. 7, since the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 does not open and close normally in response to the second valve opening command, the pressure difference between the two becomes less than the threshold value. Therefore, the control unit 50 determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is in an open failure state and determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is in an open failure state.
- the control unit 50 instructs the air compressor 91 to increase the air flow rate.
- control unit 50 gives a third valve opening instruction to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 for redetermination.
- the control unit 50 stores the pressure values P 1-3, ⁇ 2-3, and ⁇ 3-3 when the third valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- the control unit 50 compares PI-1 (normal pressure) with P1-3, and It is determined whether or not the differential pressure is less than a predetermined threshold. In the example shown in FIG. 7, since the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 does not open and close normally in response to the third valve opening command, the pressure difference between the two becomes equal to or higher than the threshold value. Therefore, the control unit 50 determines that the state of the open failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 continues.
- PI-1 normal pressure
- the control unit 50 compares P3-3 with P2-3 and determines the differential pressure between the two. Is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold. In the example shown in FIG. 7, since the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 does not normally open and close in response to the third valve opening command, the pressure difference between the two becomes less than the threshold value. Therefore, the control unit 50 determines that the state of the open failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 continues.
- FIG. 8 shows a failure determination routine of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- the control unit 50 determines whether or not the pressure difference between P3-1 and P2-1 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (S301).
- a predetermined threshold S301; YES
- the control unit 50 determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is normally opened and closed (S302). ), End this routine.
- the pressure difference between P3-1 and P2-1 is less than the predetermined threshold value (S301; NO)
- S301; NO the predetermined threshold value
- the control unit 50 again gives a valve opening command to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 and gives an air flow increase command to the air compressor 91 (S303).
- the control unit 50 determines whether or not the pressure difference between PI-1 and P1-3 is less than a predetermined threshold (S304).
- S304 the predetermined threshold value
- the control unit 50 determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is normally opened and closed. (S302), this routine ends.
- the pressure difference between P1-1 and P1-3 is equal to or higher than the predetermined threshold value (S304; NO)
- the pressure difference between P3_3 and P2—3 is It is determined whether the value is equal to or more than the value (S305). If the pressure difference between P3-3 and P2-3 is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold value (S305; YES), the control unit 50 opens and closes the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 normally. Is determined to be present (S302), and this routine ends. On the other hand, if the pressure difference between P3-3 and P2-3 is less than the predetermined threshold value (S305; NO), the control unit 50 determines that the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 has failed to open. Is determined (S306), and this routine ends.
- the pressure sensor 70 is disposed in the hydrogen discharge path 34 between the outlet side of the flow rate limiting element 90 and the inlet side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62, the pressure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 A large change in pressure due to opening and closing can be obtained.
- the failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 can be determined more accurately by comparing a plurality of pressure values (PI-n, P2_n, and P3-n), and the open failure of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 can be determined.
- PI-n, P2_n, and P3-n a plurality of pressure values
- the fuel cell system to which the present embodiment is applied may have a configuration in which a pressure sensor 70 is provided upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- a configuration in which the pressure sensor 70 is disposed between the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 and the flow rate restricting element 90 disposed on the upstream side thereof as in the fourth embodiment is more preferable.
- a description will be given with reference to the fuel cell system 12 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show the pressure change accompanying the opening / closing operation of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62.
- P1 is the pressure value immediately after the valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62
- P2 is the minimum pressure from when the valve opening command is given to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 until the valve closing command is given.
- the pressure value, P 3 indicates a pressure value (return pressure value) after a predetermined time has elapsed since the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 closed.
- Each of P 1 to P 3 is a detection value of the pressure sensor 70.
- the solid line indicates the pressure change when a flow rate reduction factor (for example, clogging) occurs at the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself, and the one-dot chain line indicates the pressure change in the normal state. Is shown. If a flow rate reduction factor occurs on the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or on the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself, the pressure loss on the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself increases. The pressure value P2 detected by the pressure sensor 70 when the valve 2 is opened becomes higher than the normal value P2 '. On the other hand, since there is no flow reduction factor upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62, the pressure change when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is closed is almost the same as the normal pressure change, and the return pressure P 3 is , Which is almost the same as the normal value.
- a flow rate reduction factor for example, clogging
- the solid line shows the pressure change when a flow rate reduction factor occurs upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 (for example, the flow rate limiting element 90), and the one-dot chain line shows the pressure change in a normal state.
- a flow rate reduction factor occurs upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62
- the pressure sensor 70 detects when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened.
- the pressure value P 2 becomes lower than the normal value P 2 ".
- the return pressure P 3 becomes lower than the normal value P 3 ⁇ .
- the state of the pressure change is different between the case where the flow rate reduction factor occurs on the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself and the case where the flow rate reduction factor occurs on the upstream side. to differ greatly. If a flow rate reduction factor occurs on the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or on the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself, the pressure drop (P 1-P 2) when the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is opened decreases. The pressure return (P3-P2) when the exhaust valve 62 is closed again is a normal value.
- Fig. 11 shows the determination of abnormal part / retin in the hydrogen exhaust system.
- the control unit 60 gives an opening / closing command to the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 and stores the pressure values P1, P2, and P3 detected by the pressure sensor 70.
- the control unit 60 determines that the pressure is normal (S402).
- the control unit 60 calculates the specified differential pressure one (P 1 ⁇ P 2) (S 403). ). If the specified differential pressure— (P 1—P 2)> 0 (S 404: YES), the control unit 60 has caused a flow reduction factor downstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 or the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 itself. Is determined (S405).
- the control unit 60 calculates the specified differential pressure— (P3—P2) (S406). If the specified differential pressure (P3-P2)> 0 (S407: YES), the controller 60 determines that a flow rate reduction factor has occurred upstream of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 (S409).
- the control unit 60 determines that the pressure loss on the downstream side of the hydrogen exhaust valve 62 is reduced (S 408). .
- the failure determination of the exhaust valve is performed based on the failure determination value corresponding to the operating state of the fuel cell, the failure determination can be accurately performed without being affected by the operating state of the fuel cell.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/579,126 US9147893B2 (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | Failure diagnostic device for discharge valve |
JP2006514087A JP4636336B2 (ja) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | 排気弁の故障診断装置 |
DE112005001278T DE112005001278B4 (de) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | Brennstoffzellensystem |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004164288 | 2004-06-02 | ||
JP2004-164288 | 2004-06-02 | ||
JP2004352622 | 2004-12-06 | ||
JP2004-352622 | 2004-12-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005119823A1 true WO2005119823A1 (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
Family
ID=35463150
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/009838 WO2005119823A1 (ja) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-05-24 | 排気弁の故障診断装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9147893B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4636336B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005001278B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005119823A1 (ja) |
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JP2008053122A (ja) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム及び開閉弁の診断方法 |
US10629928B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-04-21 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method of fuel cell system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4636336B2 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
US9147893B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 |
DE112005001278T5 (de) | 2007-04-26 |
JPWO2005119823A1 (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
DE112005001278B4 (de) | 2012-04-19 |
US20070218327A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
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