Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
  • E04H3/08—Hospitals, infirmaries, or the like; Schools; Prisons
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H14/00—Buildings for combinations of different purposes not covered by any single one of main groups E04H1/00-E04H13/00 of this subclass, e.g. for double purpose; Buildings of the drive-in type
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
  • E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports

Definitions

• the invention refers to multifunctional urban complex intended for civil
• a multifunctional urban complex consisting of a yard situated between surrounding roadways and railed off by a fence with entrance door seeing to the yard.
• the construction has an approach connected to the roadways.
• the approach area is located remotely from the entrance door of the yard's fence.
• the underground construction is designed with reinforced build-in plates.
• the connection of the approach with the roadway is made with a ramp to provide antifire protection.
• the underground construction is equipped with security system, antifire system, drain, ventilation and filtration systems, as well as lightning systems independent from those of the school building.
• a construction of underground garages consisting of bottom slab and multiple precast reinforced concrete walls, mounted laterally on the bottom slab, with an entrance shaped in the walls for access of the vehicles in the garage.
• the supporting intermediate pillars are arranged regularly in both directions and a monolithic ceiling slab is cast over them with its supporting beams.
• the beams are set on the pillars and are arranged in a perpendicular direction to the way of the vehicles from the entrance to the bottom of the garage.
• the shortcomings of the cited structure consist in the fact that it is intended for one-storey garages only, determined by the connections between the ceiling slab and the columns.
• the location of the monolithic beams transversely to the base line of vehicle motion supposes a definition of a substantial construction height which makes it very expensive.
• the need to fix on place the installation pillars so that the concrete of the ceiling slab and over the beams could be cast simultaneously is another factor that makes the construction extremely expensive and very difficult to erect.
• the monolithic structure of the construction extends the period of its erection, which makes it difficult to apply in the central urban areas.
• the invention is intended to create a multifunctional urban complex allowing the formation of a multifunctional structure in densely populated city areas, providing a space to be used without disturbing the architectural outlook of the city, making possible the erection works in the narrow central parts of the city and providing convenient communications and good safety with the possibility to erect in a short time and with relatively low costs the construction.
• a solution to this task has been found with the multifunctional urban complex that comprises a yard located between surrounding roadways and railed off by a fence with entrance door seeing to the yard.
• a school building is located in the yard and an area for sports, games and common activities is provided. In this area, and under the yard level there is a structure to which an approach is given, connected to the roadways remote from the entrance door in the yard's fence.
• the construction according to the invention is at least two-storeyed with an at least single-storeyed building over the ground level in the approach area.
• the at least two-storeyed construction comprises reinforcing walls, supporting intermediate pillars and floor panels standing on supporting beams.
• the length of the supporting intermediate pillars corresponds to the height of at least two- storeyed building, and the supporting intermediate pillars have also short consoles on the place of the floor.
• the supporting intermediate pillars are arranged in rows parallel to the basic traverse lino.
• the bearing intermediate pillars are restrained in monolithic footings on foundations by their bottom ribbed end placed in preliminary prepared cups encompassing this ribbed end.
• the cups have internal ribbed surface and partial outer ribbing in its bottom part which is monoiithically fixed in the monolithic footings.
• the short consoles of the bearing intermediate pillars are directed parallel to the basic traverse line, and the bearing beams are mounted to them in the same direction.
• the bearing beams have longitudinal footings on which footings the floor panels are fixed.
• the floor panels are prestressed cast fitting together elements with longitudinal cavities.
• the distance between the center lines of the two rows of bearing intermediate pillars shall pereferably be greater than the distances between the other centre lines.
• bearing intermediate pillars should be of square cross section.
• the approach should preferably include a ramp.
• the approach should preferably comprise at least one elevator cage and/or staircase for disabled people.
• the invention allows to preserve the architectural, urbanization and space structure of the city, making optimal use of the urban territories and the available construction density.
• a possibility is created for multifunctional use of the school yards underground, included for the need of the education process and the needs of the society.
• the rate of use of the city areas is increased.
• the school building remains with its yard to be used according to the urbanization planning available, completely safe and wide enough, with novel pavement, geoplastics, garden design, sculptures, playing spots, etc.
• Fig. 1 is a top view of the multifunctional urban complex according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is an architecture model of one floor of the underground structure of the urban complex for the case when it is intended for garage;
• Fig. 3 is section A-A of fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 4 is a partial construction drawing of the location of the bearing elements of the structure
• Fig. 5 is a vertical section along B-B of fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 is detailed drawing B of fig. 5;
• Fig. 7 is detailed drawing D of fig. 5;
• Fig. 8 is view along E-E of fig. 7.
• the multifunctional urban complex comprises a yard 1 , situated between surrounding roadways 2 and railed off by a fence 3 with entrance door 4 seeing to the yard, in which yard 1 a school-building 5 is situated and a sports-, play- and common activities zone is shaped Fig. 1-3.
• the at least two-storeyed construction 7 occupies a space 8, located under the level of the yard 1 in its area 6 intended for sports, games and common activities. This construction may be situated depending on the reinforcing methods used, i.e. distance from the outline 9 of the school-building 5.
• the at least two-storeyed construction 7 is underground and has an approach 10 that is situated on the distant side of the entrance door 4 of the fence 3 of the yard 1 of the school-building 5: figures 1 and 3.
• the at least two-storeyed construction in the area of the approach 10 has at least one floor over the ground level 11. This ground floor shall be preferably located in the school yard 1 which does not ignore other possibilities too.
• the at least one ground floor 11 is intended for the location of access checkpoints to the underground part of the at least two-storeyed construction 7, as well as the placement of a staircase and elevator for disabled people and/or shops.
• the outline of the at least two-storeyed construction 7 match the outline of the fence 3. This is possible in all individual cases of location of the school-building 5 in the yard 1 , although it is not the only possible way to dispose the at least two-storeyed construction 7. It may be located so that its outline does not match the fence outline 3.
• the at least two-storeyed construction 7 comprises reinforcing walls 12, bearing intermediate pillars 13 and floor panels 14, placed on bearing beams 15.
• the length of the bearing intermediate pillars 13 in the case shown corresponds to the length of the at least two-storeyed construction 7. They have short consoles 16 on the place of the floor.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 may be erected as high as several floors which is however limited by the possibilities to transport them in the central urban zone for which this invention is intended. If the erection of a multi-storeyed building is needed, the bearing intermediate pillars 13 may be composed by various elements placed one over the other that may be fit together (not shown). This solution shall be used if the conditions imply it.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 may have a differently shaped cross section, selected in accordance with the calculated loadings fo this size. In the preferred embodiment (fig. 4) they have a square section because this makes easier their transportation and fitting.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 are arranged in rows parallel to the basic traverse line 17 where the centre line distance 18 of both rows of bearing intermediate pillars 13 shaping the basic traverse line 17 is greater than the other centre distances 18.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 are retained in monolithic footings 20 on foundations by their bottom ribbed end 21 , placed in preliminary prepared cups 22 encompassing this ribbed end 21 (fig. 5).
• the cups 22 have an internal ribbed surface 23 and partial outer ribbing 24, shaped in its bottom end, which is restrained in the monolithic footings 22 (fig. 6).
• the short consoles 16 of the bearing intermediate pillars 13 are directed parallel to the basic traverse line 17 and the bearing beams 15 are mounted to them in the same direction.
• the bearing beams 15 have longitudinal footings 25 on which footings the floor panels 14 are fixed.
• the floor panels 14 are prestressed precast elements with longitudinal cavities 26.
• To the at least two-storeyed construction 7 in the preferred embodiment the approach 10 is traced to every floor that may be connected directly to the roadway 2 or to be one to all floors (fig. 1 and 3). Multiple versions to perform the connections are possible, however preferred for antifire reasons ' is the connection by means of ramps 27 that may be monolithic or made by fitting together elements.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 may have a longer lenght enlarged with the length of the storey, their upper part being on the ground level with a cover of a known kind.
• the at least two-storied construction 7 shall be equipped with safety system, and anti-fire, ventilation and filtration systems, with lightning and drain systems that are not shown on the figures, independent of this school-building 5. Besides the security provision for emergency cases this detachment of the indicated systems allows the accomplishment of additional activities in the premises of the underground construction 7, i.e. car cleaning and washing, eventual sale of some spares and needed accessories, etc.
• the available pavement (not shown) of the school yard 1 is removed and excavation works are made for the underground structure 7.
• the earth extracted is transported to a. place designated for that purpose, performing simultaneously reinforcement depending on the depth of the excavation and its proximity to the school-building 5 and various surrounding units if any.
• the at least two-storeyed construction 7 is erected.
• the supporting walls 12 are erected following the monolithic way and, as usual, the monolithic footings 20 for the bearing intermediate pillars 13 are cast, simultaneously in them are restrained the preliminary prepared cups 22 with inner 23 and partial outer ribbing 24, restraining into the monolithic footings to the level of the partial outer ribbing 24.
• the bearing intermediate pillars 13 are installed into the monoiithically attached cups 22, being also monoiithically attached there.
• the bearing beams 15 are arranged and their connection to the short consoles 16 of the bearing intermediate pillars 13 is effected in the known way (preferably by welding).
• Over the bilateral longitudinal footings 25 of the bearing beams 15 the floor panels 14 are installed so that their longitudinal cavities 26 are placed transversely to the bearing beams 15 thus making their connection. Then the preferred flooring 28 is made.
• the connections may be made following any of the known ways, however a monolithic connection is preferred.
• the operations of fulfillment of the equipment of the garage and the internal engineering structures are placed in the already outlined space 8 and are detached and independent from the school-building 5 and the yard 1. It is convenient to use electronic systems indicating available parking places.
• the approach 10 to the underground construction 7 that in this preferred embodiment is a garage has a signal system and is specially secured.
• the cars of the living in the neighbourhood or of the teachers and students may find place here, as well as cars that visit the central metropolitan area for a part of the day, for which a special regulation may be considered.
• a special regulation may be considered.
• the preferred embodiment described illustrates only one application of the urban complex according to the invention.
• a lot of other useful for the society spaces may be created in the included in the complex at least two-storied construction 7.
• the space shaped this way may be used also as exhibition area or a trade center, sports facilities, for common or refrigerated warehouses, computer halls and halls for connection to the global network, civil protection shelters, not requiring sun light industrial premises etc. If used for garages it gives chance to provide a safe access of the students to the school yard and building as the underground construction is approached from the distant side.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
• Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
• Fencing (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
• Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=34958997

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2004
  • 2004-04-06 BG BG108667A patent/BG65319B1/bg unknown
  • 2004-09-15 AT AT04761510T patent/ATE385533T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-09-15 EP EP04761510A patent/EP1738041B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2004-09-15 AU AU2004318257A patent/AU2004318257B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2004-09-15 JP JP2007506620A patent/JP4764873B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-09-15 KR KR1020067022931A patent/KR20070007886A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-09-15 US US10/599,277 patent/US20080222968A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-09-15 WO PCT/BG2004/000018 patent/WO2005098171A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-09-15 ES ES04761510T patent/ES2302014T3/es active Active
  • 2004-09-15 DE DE602004011690T patent/DE602004011690T2/de active Active

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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