WO2005073850A1 - 半導体装置及びその起動処理方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置及びその起動処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005073850A1 WO2005073850A1 PCT/JP2005/001105 JP2005001105W WO2005073850A1 WO 2005073850 A1 WO2005073850 A1 WO 2005073850A1 JP 2005001105 W JP2005001105 W JP 2005001105W WO 2005073850 A1 WO2005073850 A1 WO 2005073850A1
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- Prior art keywords
- block
- data
- defective
- read
- semiconductor device
- Prior art date
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/40—Transformation of program code
- G06F8/54—Link editing before load time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1417—Boot up procedures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/16—Protection against loss of memory contents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/22—Microcontrol or microprogram arrangements
- G06F9/24—Loading of the microprogram
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/1666—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware where the redundant component is memory or memory area
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device that reads a boot program from a rewritable non-volatile memory and starts the same, and a boot processing method thereof.
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device that reads out a boot program from a large-capacity nonvolatile memory that is difficult to eliminate and starts up, and a boot processing method thereof.
- system LSI Large Scale Integrated circuit
- This type of system LSI is used in various electronic devices such as portable electronic devices for home use.
- a nonvolatile memory in which various processing programs such as a boot program and data are stored is provided inside or outside the chip.
- a flash memory in which stored data can be electrically rewritten is widely used.
- NOR flash memory is generally used as a flash memory for storing a boot program.
- NAND flash memory which is relatively inexpensive per bit.
- NAND flash memory Conventional boot systems using NAND flash memory include a CPU (Central Processing Unit) core, system memory, NAND flash memory, and an interface for data communication between each memory and the CPU core. Under the control of the CPU core, the boot code from the NAND flash memory is temporarily stored in RAM (Random Access Memory) through the above interface, and the boot code is read out from the RAM to perform the system booting operation. Some have improved system performance. This kind of As a boot system, there is one described in JP-A-2003-271391.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel semiconductor device and a start-up processing method thereof that can solve the problems of the conventional technology.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device which can always be stably started when a flash memory such as a NAND type having a relatively low unit cost is used as a boot device. .
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a boot processing method for a semiconductor device which can always be booted stably when a flash memory such as a NAND type having a relatively low unit cost is used as a boot device. It is in.
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device that reads a boot program from a rewritable non-volatile memory and starts the boot program, wherein the same boot program is stored in a plurality of blocks in the non-volatile memory,
- a CPU that specifies the read position of the boot program in the non-volatile memory and executes the boot process according to the read boot program, and the block based on the data read from the block in the nonvolatile memory corresponding to the read position. It is determined whether or not the block is defective. If the block is not defective, the data is output to the CPU. If the block is defective, the data is read from another block in which the boot program is stored and the block is defective. And a read control circuit for determining again whether or not
- the same Data is read by a read control circuit from one of the blocks in which the boot program has been preliminarily stored.
- the read control circuit determines, based on the read data, whether the block read at this time is defective. This determination is made based on, for example, error correction information included in the read data or block state information.
- the read control circuit outputs the read data to the CPU. This allows the boot program to be sequentially input to the CPU and executed.
- the semiconductor device is started.
- the block is defective, data is read from another block in which the boot program is stored in the non-volatile memory, and it is again determined whether or not the read block is defective.
- the present invention provides a boot processing method for a semiconductor device including a CPU that executes a boot process in accordance with a boot program read from a data rewritable nonvolatile memory.
- the same boot program is stored, and the read control circuit of the non-volatile memory reads data from the block in the non-volatile memory corresponding to the read position specified by the CPU at the time of startup, based on the read data. Then, it is determined whether or not the block is defective. If the block is not defective, the data is output to the CPU. If the block is defective, data from another block in which the boot program is stored is read. The data is read to determine again whether or not the block is defective.
- the same boot program is read out from one of the programs in which the same boot program is stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory by the read control circuit. Then, based on the read data, it is determined whether or not the block read at this time is defective. This judgment is For example, it is performed based on error correction information included in the read data or block state information.
- the read data is output to the CPU.
- the boot program is sequentially input to the CPU and executed, and the semiconductor device is started.
- the block is defective, data is read from another block in which the boot program is stored in the nonvolatile memory. At this time, it is determined again whether or not the read block is defective. Done.
- FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a data structure of a flash memory.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a storage state of a boot program in a flash memory.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of a flash memory controller when the semiconductor device according to the present invention is started.
- FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
- the semiconductor device shown in Fig. 1 is a system in which various circuits are integrated on the same semiconductor chip. It comprises an LSI 10 and a NAND flash memory 20 provided outside.
- the system LSI 10 includes a CPU 11, embedded dynamic random access memories (eDRAMs) 12 and 13, a flash memory controller 14, an input / output (I / O) I / F (interface) 15, other peripheral circuits (peripheral) 16, an internal A bus 17 is provided.
- eDRAMs embedded dynamic random access memories
- flash memory controller 14 an input / output (I / O) I / F (interface) 15, other peripheral circuits (peripheral) 16
- I / O input / output
- peripheral circuits peripheral circuits
- internal bus 17 is provided.
- the CPU 11 is connected to the eDRAMs 12 and 13, the flash memory controller 14, and the peripheral circuit 16 via the internal bus 17.
- the CPU 11 controls the overall operation of the semiconductor device by executing a processing program stored in the flash memory 20 or the like.
- the eDRAMs 12 and 13 temporarily store a processing program executed by the CPU 11 and data used for processing.
- the flash memory controller 14 is a circuit for controlling reading of a flash memory 20 provided outside, and includes a RAM 14a therein.
- the flash memory controller 14 receives the designation of the read address from the CPU 11, reads data from the flash memory 20, temporarily stores the data in the RAM 14a, and supplies the data to the CPU 11. Further, it has a function of performing error correction on data stored in the RAM 14a based on an ECC (Error Correcting Code) included in the data.
- ECC Error Correcting Code
- the flash memory controller 14 temporarily stores the data read from the flash memory 20 in the RAM 14a, and then stores the data in the flash memory 20 from which the reading was performed. It is determined whether or not the block is defective, and if not, the data is supplied to the CPU 11.
- the input / output I / F 15 is an IZF circuit for exchanging data between the flash memory controller 14 and the flash memory 20.
- the flash memory 20 stores various processing programs and data including a boot program for starting the semiconductor device. These processing programs are executed by the CPU 11.
- the internal bus 17 includes a bus to which a bus status signal READY indicating whether or not access through the internal bus 17 is possible is transmitted. For example, when the CPU 11 requests the flash memory controller 14 to read data from the flash memory 20. Then, when the bus state signal READY is negated by the flash memory controller 14, access from the host system to the internal bus 17 is blocked.
- a boot program is stored in the flash memory 20 in advance. Then, at the time of startup, the CPU 11 specifies the start address of a block in which the boot program is stored to the flash memory controller 14, and the CPU 11 executes the boot program read from the flash memory 20. Thereby, each part in the semiconductor device is initialized.
- the same boot program is stored in each of a plurality of blocks in the flash memory 20. Then, the flash memory controller 14 determines whether the read block is defective based on the data read from the flash memory 20. Read out the stored boot program again. By such processing, the CPU 11 always executes the boot program stored in the normal block.
- the flash memory controller 14 determines whether or not the block is defective based on the ECC and the block information included in the data read from the flash memory 20.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the data structure of the flash memory 20.
- the inside of the flash memory 20 is divided into a plurality of blocks, and data is read for each block.
- Each block is further divided into pages. In this example, it is divided into 64 pages. Further, in each page, for example, the first 2048 bytes are used as a storage area for user data, and an additional data (Extra Data) area for, for example, 64 bytes is provided thereafter.
- Extra Data Extra Data
- the ECC is divided into four areas of 3 bytes each. Stored. “00” is inserted at the end of each of these areas.
- the first page of each block stores the block information in the next 4-byte area.
- the block information is a flag indicating whether or not the block is defective. When this value is a specific value, it is possible to determine that the block is normal.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a storage state of the boot program in the flash memory 20. As shown in FIG. 3, in this example, the same boot program is stored in each of the first four blocks in the flash memory 20, and other processing programs and data are stored in subsequent blocks. Of these, the one specified by the CPU 11 immediately after reset is the first block, and if it is determined that this block is defective, the flash memory controller 14 sets the second, third, and fourth blocks.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the flash memory controller 14 when the above-described semiconductor device is started up.
- Step S101 When a system reset signal is input, the CPU 11 accesses the storage area of the boot program via the internal bus 17.
- the flash memory controller 14 waits for access from the CPU 11, and proceeds to step S102 when an access to the storage area, specifically, the first page of the first block occurs.
- Step S102 The bus state signal READY is negated. As a result, access to the internal bus 17 from the host system is blocked.
- Step S103 The flash memory 20 is accessed through the input / output I / F 15, and one page of data is read from the area specified by the CPU 11. Then, the read data is temporarily stored in the RAM 14a. At this time, if data has already been stored in the RAM 14a, the data is overwritten.
- Step S104 The data stored in the RAM 14a is sequentially read, and first, the ECC is checked, and the following steps S105 and S107 are determined.
- step S106 (Uncorrectable Error)
- step S107 (Uncorrectable Error)
- Step S106 The read target in the flash memory 20 is designated to the next block, and the process returns to step S103. As a result, data is read again from the first page of the next block.
- step S106 since the boot program is stored in four blocks in the flash memory 20, the process ends when the number of times that the process proceeds to step S106 becomes four. In this case, the semiconductor device is not started.
- Step S107 If it is determined that the data of the page includes a correctable error (CE: Correctable Error), the process proceeds to step S108. If not, that is, if no error is included, the process proceeds to step S109.
- a correctable error CE: Correctable Error
- Step S108 An error correction process is performed on the data of the page, and the data is written back to the RAM 14a.
- Step S109 Block information is extracted from the data in the RAM 14a. If the block information is not a specific value, the block information is determined to be a bad block, and the process proceeds to step S106. As a result, data is read again from the first page of the next block. If the block information has a specific value, it is determined that the block is a normal block, and the process proceeds to step S110.
- Step S110 Assert the bus state signal READY.
- Step SI 11 The data in the RAM 14 a is output to the CPU 11 through the internal bus 17. As a result, the boot program read from the flash memory 20 is executed by the CPU 11, and the semiconductor device is started.
- the above-described flowchart shows processing when the capacity of the boot program is equal to or smaller than the capacity of the data storage area in one page.
- the processing in step S109 is executed only when reading from the first page in the block is performed. If it is determined by this processing that the block is a normal block, the data in the RAM 14a is output to the CPU 11 in steps S110 and SI11. Then, data may be read from the next page.
- the flash memory controller 14 detects that the data read from the flash memory 20 includes a correctable error or does not include an error, and that the block information indicates that the data is not a bad block. Only when this is done, the data is output to the CPU 11. For this reason, the CPU 11 always executes a normal boot program at the time of startup, so that the semiconductor device can be started stably.
- the processing of the flash memory controller 14 substantially guarantees that the specific block in the flash memory 20 in which the boot program is stored is not defective.
- assuring that a particular block is not defective has led to increased testing costs before flash memory was shipped, and also reduced yield.
- the present invention it is possible to use a low-cost and large-capacity flash memory in which a bad block exists randomly as a boot device, so that the manufacturing cost of the entire semiconductor device can be suppressed.
- stable startup processing can always be performed.
- the boot program is read again from another block by the processing of the flash memory controller 14 and only when it is determined that the block is not a defective block. Output to CPU11. For this reason, the CPU 11 can execute the startup processing according to the same processing procedure as the conventional one after the reset, and the configuration other than the flash memory controller 14 needs to be changed. Therefore, the present invention can be universally applied to a computer system in which various processes are executed by the CPU without increasing the manufacturing cost.
- the present invention can be applied to a case where the flash memory is formed outside the system LSI, and the flash memory is formed inside the system LSI.
- the flash memory used as a boot device is not limited to the NAND type, but has a relatively large capacity and a structure that allows sequential access, making it difficult to completely eliminate defective blocks at the time of product shipment. It is possible to apply a simple flash memory.
- a flash memory called an AND type can be used. Noh.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Techniques For Improving Reliability Of Storages (AREA)
- Stored Programmes (AREA)
- Detection And Correction Of Errors (AREA)
- For Increasing The Reliability Of Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
- Read Only Memory (AREA)
- Retry When Errors Occur (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020067015055A KR101106351B1 (ko) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-27 | 반도체 장치 및 그 기동 처리 방법 |
EP05709379.1A EP1710696B8 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-27 | Semiconductor device and method for activating the same |
US10/597,353 US8135991B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-27 | Semiconductor device and processing method for starting the same |
CN200580003324XA CN1914598B (zh) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-27 | 半导体装置和用于启动该半导体装置的处理方法 |
HK07103566.1A HK1096473A1 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2007-04-03 | Semiconductor device and processing method for starting the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004019278A JP4534498B2 (ja) | 2004-01-28 | 2004-01-28 | 半導体装置およびその起動処理方法 |
JP2004-019278 | 2004-01-28 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005073850A1 true WO2005073850A1 (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/001105 WO2005073850A1 (ja) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-01-27 | 半導体装置及びその起動処理方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8135991B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1710696B8 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4534498B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101106351B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1914598B (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1096473A1 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY149790A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI279727B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005073850A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR100848614B1 (ko) | 2006-03-30 | 2008-07-28 | 후지쯔 가부시끼가이샤 | 오류 정정 장치 |
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JP4840859B2 (ja) | 2006-05-10 | 2011-12-21 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置、及び起動方法 |
JP5066894B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-07 | 2012-11-07 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 記憶媒体制御装置 |
JP5125099B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2013-01-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | 情報記憶装置、情報記憶方法及びプログラム |
JP5021404B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-14 | 2012-09-05 | 株式会社リコー | 電子機器、電子機器の起動制御方法及び画像形成装置 |
US8683213B2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2014-03-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Progressive boot for a wireless device |
JP2009157632A (ja) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-16 | Toshiba Corp | 情報処理装置 |
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CN102317920A (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 数据处理方法及设备 |
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- 2005-01-27 WO PCT/JP2005/001105 patent/WO2005073850A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-01-27 CN CN200580003324XA patent/CN1914598B/zh active Active
- 2005-01-27 EP EP05709379.1A patent/EP1710696B8/en active Active
- 2005-01-27 US US10/597,353 patent/US8135991B2/en active Active
- 2005-01-28 TW TW094102731A patent/TWI279727B/zh active
- 2005-01-28 MY MYPI20050313A patent/MY149790A/en unknown
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2007
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Cited By (1)
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KR100848614B1 (ko) | 2006-03-30 | 2008-07-28 | 후지쯔 가부시끼가이샤 | 오류 정정 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005215824A (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
KR101106351B1 (ko) | 2012-01-18 |
TW200537565A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
KR20060127093A (ko) | 2006-12-11 |
EP1710696B8 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
CN1914598A (zh) | 2007-02-14 |
HK1096473A1 (en) | 2007-06-01 |
EP1710696A4 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
JP4534498B2 (ja) | 2010-09-01 |
EP1710696A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
TWI279727B (en) | 2007-04-21 |
MY149790A (en) | 2013-10-14 |
EP1710696B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
CN1914598B (zh) | 2011-02-02 |
US20080046637A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
US8135991B2 (en) | 2012-03-13 |
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