WO2005069469A1 - Dc-dc変換器 - Google Patents
Dc-dc変換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005069469A1 WO2005069469A1 PCT/JP2004/019554 JP2004019554W WO2005069469A1 WO 2005069469 A1 WO2005069469 A1 WO 2005069469A1 JP 2004019554 W JP2004019554 W JP 2004019554W WO 2005069469 A1 WO2005069469 A1 WO 2005069469A1
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- switch
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- voltage
- control
- output
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0041—Control circuits in which a clock signal is selectively enabled or disabled
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DC-DC converter having a function of controlling a switch in an intermittent mode at a light load.
- a typical DC-DC converter that is, a DC-DC converter, has a switch connected between a pair of DC power supply terminals via a primary winding of a transformer, and a control for turning on and off the switch. Circuit, a first rectifying and smoothing circuit connected between the secondary winding of the transformer and the load, and a second rectifying and smoothing circuit connected between the tertiary winding of the transformer and the power supply terminal of the control circuit. And a circuit.
- This intermittent on-off control method is a technique in which a period Toff in which the supply of the control pulse to the switch is stopped is intermittently arranged, and as a result, a control pulse supply period Ton to the switch is intermittently arranged.
- the switch when the switch is driven intermittently, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor of the first rectifying / smoothing circuit for supplying power to the load rises during the switch on / off driving period, and the switch is turned on and off. It gradually decreases during the driving stop period. At the same time, the power supply voltage of the switch control circuit that obtains the second rectifying / smoothing circuit power for the control power supply connected to the transformer also decreases.
- the power consumption of the switch control circuit hardly changes in accordance with the change of the load. The pressure drops significantly.
- Patent Document 1 2003-33018 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1).
- switching to the continuous mode operation is performed in spite of the intermittent mode, so that switching loss occurs as in the continuous mode.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-33018
- An object of the present invention is that it is not possible to easily achieve both continuation of stable operation and reduction of power loss when the load is lightened.
- the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a pair of DC input terminals, a transformer, at least one switch connected between the pair of DC input terminals via the transformer, and control of the switches.
- a switch control circuit connected to a terminal, a first rectifying / smoothing circuit connected between the transformer and the load, and a second rectifying / smoothing circuit connected between the transformer and a power supply terminal of the switch control circuit.
- a DC-DC transformer having a rectifying and smoothing circuit;
- the switch control circuit comprises:
- a voltage feedback signal forming circuit that detects a signal indicating a DC output voltage of the first rectifying and smoothing circuit and forms a voltage feedback signal for controlling the output voltage of the first rectifying and smoothing circuit to be constant;
- a control power supply voltage determination circuit that outputs a second signal when the control power supply voltage is lower than the predetermined value
- a switch control pulse generating circuit which forms a pulse for controlling the output voltage of the first rectifying / smoothing circuit to be constant in response to an output of the voltage feedback signal forming circuit and sends the pulse to a control terminal of the switch;
- a reference voltage generation circuit for generating a reference voltage
- the one input terminal connected to the voltage feedback signal forming circuit, the other input terminal connected to the reference voltage generating circuit, and the output for intermittently stopping on / off control of the switch are provided to the switch.
- An intermittent control comparator having an output terminal for supplying to a control pulse generation circuit;
- the reference voltage generation circuit is connected to the control power supply voltage determination circuit, and selects a lower limit reference voltage and an upper limit reference voltage higher than the lower limit reference voltage in order to operate the intermittent control comparator in a hysteresis operation. And when the second signal is obtained from the control power supply voltage determination circuit, a voltage difference between the lower reference voltage and the upper reference voltage is determined from the control power supply voltage determination circuit.
- DC-DC converter characterized by comprising means for reducing a voltage difference between the lower limit reference voltage and the upper limit reference voltage when the first signal is obtained. It is related to.
- the reference voltage generation circuit generates a reference voltage of a first level as the lower limit reference voltage when the control power supply voltage determination circuit power and the first signal are obtained. And generating a second level reference voltage higher than a first level as the lower limit reference voltage when the second signal is obtained from the control power supply voltage determination circuit; When the second signal is obtained from A third level reference voltage higher than the second level is generated as the upper limit reference voltage, and the third upper limit voltage is used as the upper limit reference voltage when the first signal is obtained from the control power supply voltage determination circuit. It is desirable that the circuit generates a fourth level reference voltage higher than the level.
- the reference voltage generating circuit includes a first switch and a first resistor connected between the other input terminal and the common terminal of the intermittent control comparator.
- a series circuit with a first reference voltage source, a second switch, a second resistor, and a second reference voltage source connected between the other input terminal and the common terminal of the intermittent control comparator A series circuit of a third switch and a third resistor connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first resistor and the first reference voltage source; and A series circuit of a fourth switch and a fourth resistor connected in parallel to a series circuit of the second resistor and the second reference voltage source, and an output of the intermittent control comparator.
- control circuit includes an on-control means and an on-control means for turning on the fourth switch when the second signal is obtained from the control power supply voltage determination circuit.
- the predetermined value is lower than a rated output voltage of the second rectifying / smoothing circuit and an allowable minimum voltage capable of maintaining the operation of the switch control circuit. It is also desirable that the value be high.
- the switch control pulse generation circuit includes:
- a ramp voltage generating means for generating a ramp voltage in synchronization with an ON period of the switch, one input terminal connected to an output terminal of the voltage feedback signal forming circuit, and an output terminal of the ramp voltage generating means.
- a feedback control comparator having the other input terminal and comparing the output of the ramp voltage generating means with the voltage feedback signal;
- An oscillator that generates a pulse at a predetermined cycle
- One input terminal connected to the output terminal of the oscillator and the intermittent control comparator An output terminal of the oscillator when the output of the intermittent control comparator indicates that the passage of a pulse for turning on and off the switch is prohibited.
- An RS flip-flop having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the logic circuit and a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the feedback control comparator;
- a driving unit for driving the switch based on the output of the RS flip-flop.
- the switch control pulse generation circuit includes:
- a ramp voltage generating means for generating a ramp voltage in synchronization with an ON period of the switch, one input terminal connected to an output terminal of the voltage feedback signal forming circuit, and an output terminal of the ramp voltage generating means.
- a feedback control comparator having the other input terminal and comparing the output of the ramp voltage generating means with the voltage feedback signal;
- An oscillator that generates a pulse at a predetermined cycle
- An RS flip-flop having a first input terminal connected to the oscillator and a second input terminal connected to the feedback control comparator;
- Driving means for driving the switch based on an output of the logic circuit
- a lower-limit reference voltage and an upper-limit reference voltage higher than the lower-limit reference voltage are selectively generated to cause the intermittent control comparator to perform a hysteresis operation.
- the voltage difference between the lower limit reference voltage and the upper reference voltage is determined by the control power supply voltage determination circuit. It is smaller than the voltage difference between the lower reference voltage and the upper reference voltage when the voltage is obtained. Therefore, the output voltage of the second rectifying / smoothing circuit for the control power supply is lower than a predetermined value. When it goes down, the cycle of the intermittent operation becomes shorter.
- the voltage of the control power supply returns to or near the normal value, and the operation of the switch control circuit can be maintained.
- the intermittent operation is performed even when the first signal is obtained, the continuous operation is performed when the first signal is obtained from the control power supply voltage determination circuit. Compared with the conventional method, the number of switching times per unit time can be reduced, and the efficiency of DC-DC conversion can be increased.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a DC-DC notcher according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram specifically showing a switch control circuit of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a waveform chart showing the state of each part in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the time of rated load.
- FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing a state of each unit in FIGS. 1 and 2 immediately before an intermittent operation.
- FIG. 5 is a waveform chart showing states of respective parts in FIG. 2 in three switch control modes.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a DC-DC converter according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating an intermittent command generation circuit according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a part of a switch control circuit according to a modification.
- FIG. 9 is a waveform chart showing the state of each part in FIG. 7.
- the flyback DC-DC conversion according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is roughly composed of a DC-DC conversion circuit 1 and a switch control circuit 2.
- the DC-DC conversion circuit 1 includes a pair of DC power supply terminals 4 and 5 connected to a DC power supply 3, a transformer 6, a switch 7, a current detection resistor 8, a first and a second rectifier. It has smoothing circuits 9 and 10, a pair of DC output terminals 11 and 12, and a starting resistor 13.
- the DC power supply 3 is composed of a rectifying / smoothing circuit or a storage battery, and supplies a predetermined DC voltage to a pair of DC power supply terminals 4 and 5.
- the transformer 6 has primary, secondary and tertiary windings Nl, N2, N3 wound on a core 14 and electromagnetically coupled to one another.
- the switch 7 is a controllable semiconductor switch such as a field effect transistor and is connected between a pair of DC power supply terminals 4 and 5 as DC input means via a primary winding N1.
- a current detecting resistor 8 as a gradient voltage generating means and a current detector is connected between the switch 7 and the ground-side DC power supply terminal 5.
- a sawtooth current detection signal Vi having a voltage force proportional to the current flowing through the primary winding N1 and the switch 7 between both terminals of the current detection resistor 8 is obtained.
- the first rectifying and smoothing circuit 9 is connected to the secondary winding N2 of the transformer 6.
- the first rectifying / smoothing circuit 9 also includes a first diode D1 and a first smoothing capacitor C1.
- the first smoothing capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the secondary winding N2 via a first diode D1 and to the pair of DC output terminals 11, 12.
- a load 15 that can take a normal load state and a light load state is connected between the pair of DC output terminals 11 and 12.
- the second rectifying / smoothing circuit 10 includes a second diode D2 and a second smoothing capacitor C2.
- the second smoothing capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the third winding N3 of the transformer 6 via the second diode D2.
- One end of the second smoothing capacitor C2 is connected to one DC power supply terminal 4 via a starting resistor 13 and to the positive power supply terminal 16a of the switch control circuit 2.
- the other end of the second smoothing capacitor C2 and the ground terminal 16b of the switch control circuit 2 are connected to the ground DC input terminal 5.
- the switch control circuit 2 has a first function of continuously turning on and off the switch 7 when the load 15 is larger than a predetermined value, and a function of turning on and off the switch 7 when the load 15 is smaller than the predetermined value.
- the second function of intermittently stopping the off control and the output voltage of the second rectifying and smoothing circuit 10 It is determined whether the voltage is lower than the predetermined voltage value, and in response to a determination result indicating that the output voltage of the second rectifying and smoothing circuit 10 is lower than the predetermined voltage value, the switch 7 according to the second function is turned on.
- It has a third function of changing the intermittent stop cycle of the off control, and is roughly divided into an output voltage detection circuit 17, a switch control pulse generation circuit 18, an intermittent command generation circuit 19, and a control power supply voltage judgment. Circuit 20.
- the output voltage detection circuit 17 is connected to a pair of DC output terminals 11 and 12 by lines 21 and 22. The details will be described later.
- the switch control pulse generating circuit 18 is optically coupled to the output voltage detecting circuit 17 and connected to the current detecting resistor 8 by the line 23 and connected to the control terminal of the switch 7 by the line 24 to control the on and off of the switch 7. To form the switch control noise.
- the current detection resistor 8 is shown outside the switch control pulse generation circuit 18 in FIG. 1, the current detection resistor 8 can be considered as a part of the switch control pulse generation circuit 18. Details of the switch control pulse generation circuit 18 will be described later.
- the intermittent command generation circuit 19 is connected to the switch control pulse generation circuit 18 via lines 25 and 28, and generates a voltage feedback signal Vf containing information on the magnitude of the DC output voltage contained in the switch control pulse generation circuit 18. It is determined whether the load 15 is a light load force based on the load, and an intermittent command for intermittently generating a switch control pulse when the load 15 is lightly loaded is sent to a switch control pulse generating circuit 18 via a line 28.
- the control power supply voltage determination circuit 20 is connected to the control power supply terminal 16a by a line 26 and connected to the intermittent command generation circuit 19 by a line 27, and when the voltage Vcc of the control power supply terminal 16a is not lower than a predetermined value, that is, when the voltage Vcc of the control power supply terminal 16a is lower than the predetermined value.
- the first signal is output when the signal is high, and the second signal is output when the signal is lower than a predetermined value. The details will be described later.
- Fig. 3 shows the state of each part in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 at the rated load, that is, normal load
- Fig. 4 shows the state of each part in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 immediately before starting the intermittent operation
- Fig. 5 shows the normal state. The state of each part in FIGS. 1 and 2 during loading, intermittent operation, and changing the intermittent operation cycle is shown.
- the output voltage detection circuit 17 is connected to the first and second output voltage detection lines 21 and 22.
- An npn-type transistor 31 having a base connected to the interconnection point of the first and second voltage-dividing resistors 29, 30;
- a reference voltage source 32 connected between the emitter and the line 22 such as a Zener diode, and a light emitting diode as a light emitting element connected between the line 21 and the collector of the transistor 31 via a current limiting resistor 33. Consists of 34.
- the transistor 31 functions as an error amplifier, and outputs a current having a value corresponding to a difference between a detection value obtained by dividing the DC output voltage between the paired lines 21 and 22 and the reference voltage of the reference voltage source 32. Flow through the light emitting diode 34. Therefore, the light emitting diode 34 generates an optical output signal whose intensity is proportional to the DC output voltage between the pair of lines 21 and 22.
- the switch control pulse generating circuit 18 includes an oscillator 35, an RS flip-flop 36, an AND gate 37, a driving circuit 38, a voltage feedback signal forming circuit 39, and a first comparator 40. As described above, the current detection resistor 8 can be included in the switch control noise generation circuit 18.
- the oscillator 35 generates a high-frequency clock pulse of, for example, 20-100 kHz as shown in FIGS. 3 (B) and 4 (B), and outputs the clock pulse via the AND gate 37 to the set input terminal of the RS flip-flop 36. Supply to S.
- a set input terminal S as a first input terminal of the RS flip-flop 36 is connected to an oscillator 35 via an AND gate 37, and a reset input terminal R as a second input terminal is used as a feedback control comparator.
- the first comparator 40 is connected to the first comparator 40. Accordingly, the RS flip-flop 36 enters the set state in response to the clock pulse supplied from the oscillator 35 shown in FIG. 3B, and enters the reset state in response to the reset signal supplied from the first comparator 40. , And outputs the square wave pulse shown in FIG. 3 (C) and FIG. 4 (C).
- FIG. 5A the output pulse of the oscillator 35 is schematically shown by a line.
- the AND gate 37 as a logic circuit for selectively inhibiting the control pulse has a first input terminal connected to the oscillator 35 and a second input terminal connected to the intermittent command line 28.
- the transmission of the output pulse train of the oscillator 35 is controlled by the signal state of the line 28, and the continuous pulse train shown in the section before tl in FIG. 5B or the tl-t6 section in FIG. Intermittent pulse train, pulse train force with short intermittent period shown in section t6-7 in Fig. 5 (B) Sends output V37.
- the output terminal of the AND gate 37 is connected to the set input terminal S of the RS flip-flop 36, and the output terminal Q of the RS flip-flop 36 is controlled by the well-known drive circuit 38 and the line 24 to control the switch 7 in FIG. Connected to terminal.
- the supply of the control pulse to the switch 7 is provided between the control terminal, ie the gate and the source.
- the connection between the drive circuit 38 and the source of the switch 7 is omitted for simplification of the drawing.
- the voltage feedback signal forming circuit 39 includes a phototransistor 41, a resistor 42, a power supply 43, and a power supply.
- Phototransistor 41 is optically coupled to light emitting diode 34 of output voltage detection circuit 17.
- the collector of the phototransistor 41 is connected to one end of a bias power supply 43 via a resistor 42, and the emitter of the phototransistor 41 is connected to the other end of the bias power supply 43.
- a voltage feedback signal V13 ⁇ 4S having an inversely proportional relation to the voltage between the DC output terminals 11 and 12 is obtained.
- the output voltage detection circuit 17 can be included in the voltage feedback signal formation circuit 39.
- the negative input terminal of the first comparator 40 is connected to a connection point P 1 between the resistor 42 and the phototransistor 41, and the positive input terminal of the first comparator 40 is connected via a line 23 to a current detection resistor as the ramp voltage generating means of FIG. It is connected to the connection point between 8 and switch 7. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (E), the first comparator 40 is provided with a current detection signal Vi consisting of a ramp voltage synchronized with the turning on of the switch 7 obtained on the line 23 and a voltage feedback signal at the connection point PI. When the current detection signal Vi becomes equal to or higher than the voltage feedback signal Vf, a high-level output is generated, and this becomes a reset signal of the RS flip-flop 36.
- the RS flip-flop 36 is reset at time t2 after being set at time tl as shown in FIGS. 3 (C) and 4 (C). Since the oscillator 35 repeatedly generates the clock pulse having the period Ts, the RS flip-flop 36 is set again at the time point t3, and the same operation as the time period tl-t3 is repeated.
- the intermittent command generation circuit 19 includes a second comparator 44 as an intermittent control comparator and a reference voltage generation circuit 45.
- the positive input terminal of the second comparator 44 is connected to the connection point P1 by the line 25, and the negative input terminal is connected to the reference voltage generation circuit 45.
- the reference voltage generation circuit 45 generates a reference voltage Vr for causing the second comparator 44 to perform a hysteresis operation, and includes first and second reference voltage sources 46 and 47, and first and second N OT circuits 48 and 49, first, second, third and fourth switches Sl, S2, S3 and S4, and first, second, third and fourth resistors Rl, R2, R3 and R4 Consists of That is, the reference voltage generation circuit 45 includes a first switch S1 and a first resistor R1 connected between the negative input terminal of the second comparator 44 and the common terminal, that is, the ground terminal 16b, and a first reference voltage.
- a second switch S2 connected between the negative input terminal of the second comparator 44 and the ground terminal 16b, a second resistor R2, and a second reference voltage source 47 are connected in series with the voltage source 46.
- the series circuit of the fourth switch S4 and the fourth resistor R4 connected in parallel to the series circuit of the resistor R2 and the second reference voltage source 47, and the output of the second comparator 44 The on / off control of the switch 7 is shown, and the output terminal of the second comparator 44 is controlled by the first switch S1 to turn on the first switch S1 when the switch 7 is turned on.
- the output line 27 of the control power supply voltage judgment circuit 20 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switch S4 in order to turn on the fourth switch S4 Means of the first, second, third and fourth levels shown in Fig. 5 (C).
- Irradiation voltage VI, V2, V3 and V4 are selectively transmitted.
- the first reference voltage source 46 generates a second level V2 reference voltage shown in FIG.
- the second reference voltage source 47 generates a fourth level V4 reference voltage.
- the control power supply voltage determination circuit 20 of FIG. 2 includes a third comparator 51 as a control power supply voltage determination comparator having a well-known hysteresis characteristic, a reference voltage source 52, and a power supply. Consisting of The negative input terminal of the third comparator 51 is connected to the second smoothing capacitor C2 in FIG. 1 via the control power supply terminal 16a, and the positive input terminal is connected to the reference voltage source 52. The output terminal of the third comparator 51 is connected to the output line 27.
- the reference voltage V52 of the reference voltage source 52 is set to an allowable minimum value of the power supply voltage Vcc of the switch control circuit 2, or a value between the allowable minimum value and a normal value.
- the switch control circuit 2 if the operation of the switch control circuit 2 cannot be maintained, it is set to a value higher than the maximum value of the voltage (stop voltage).
- the control power supply voltage Vcc when the control power supply voltage Vcc is higher than the reference voltage V52 as the LTP (lower trip point) of the hysteresis operation, as shown in Fig. 5 (F).
- the output V51 of the third comparator 51 is kept low. For this reason, the third switch S3 of the intermittent command generation circuit 19 is turned on, and the fourth switch S4 is turned off.
- the third comparator 51 has a hysteresis characteristic, but the effect according to the present invention can be obtained without having the hysteresis characteristic. That is, while the control power supply voltage Vcc undershoots the reference voltage V52, the third comparator 51 continues to generate a high-level output. An operation state similar to the t6—7 period of 5 can be obtained.
- the reference voltage Vr of the reference voltage generating circuit 45 is switched to four stages, and the first, second, third and fourth levels VI, V2, V3, Take V4 selectively.
- Reference voltage Vr The conditions for generating the first, second, third, and fourth levels VI, V2, V3, and V4 are as follows.
- the reference voltage Vr of the first level VI is, as shown in the period t2-3, t4 to t5 in FIG. 5, the output V44 of the second comparator 44 shown in FIG. This occurs when the output V51 of the third comparator 51 shown in 5 (F) is at a low level, that is, the first signal.
- the control power supply voltage Vcc is maintained at a value higher than the predetermined reference voltage V52, and the voltage feedback signal Vf is increased.
- the voltage feedback signal Vf gradually increases from the level VI side of the first level to the fourth level V4 and reaches the fourth level V4 (for example, t2), the voltage feedback signal Vf is at the fourth level V4 side first level VI Until it reaches the first level VI (for example, t3).
- the reference voltage Vr of the fourth level V4 is generated when both the outputs V44 and V51 of the second and third comparators 44 and 51 are at a low level.
- the control power supply voltage Vcc is kept higher than the predetermined reference voltage V52, when the voltage feedback signal Vf reaches the first level VI (for example, t3), the fourth level V4
- the reference voltage Vr of the fourth level V4 is generated until the time point (for example, t4) is reached.
- the reference voltage Vr of the second level V2 is such that V44 of the output 44 of the second comparator 44 is at a high level, as shown in periods a--b, c--d, and e--7 in FIG.
- the output V51 of the third comparator 51 is generated during a high level (second signal) period.
- the control power supply voltage Vcc drops to the predetermined reference voltage V52 t6 force
- the voltage feedback signal Vf changes from the third level V3 to the second level V2.
- the reference voltage Vr of the second level V2 is generated during the period (for example, ab).
- the reference voltage Vr of the third level V3 is generated when the output V51 of the third comparator 51 is at a high level and the output V44 of the second comparator 44 is at a low level. In other words, during the period t6-7 when the output V51 of the third comparator 51 becomes the high-level second signal, the voltage feedback signal Vf is changed from the second level V2 to the third level V3.
- the reference voltage Vr of the third level V3 is generated in the period (for example, b-c) that rises to the third level.
- the reference voltage Vr is maintained at the first level VI and the output V44 of the second comparator 44 is continuously maintained at the high level.
- the output pulse of the oscillator 35 schematically shown in FIG. 5A is sent to the RS flip-flop 36 without being restricted by the AND gate 37, and the AND gate shown in FIG. A pulse train corresponding to the output V37 of 37 is generated, and a corresponding ON / OFF control signal is supplied to the switch 7.
- the voltage feedback signal Vf at the connection point P1 becomes lower than the previous section as shown in the section tl-t6 in FIG.
- the voltage feedback signal Vf reaches the first level VI
- the output V44 of the second comparator 44 changes to low level
- the second switch S2 turns on.
- a reference voltage of the fourth level V4 is generated, and the output V44 of the second comparator 44 maintains the low level.
- the output pulse of the oscillator 35 is blocked by the AND gate 37, and the on / off control of the switch 7 is stopped.
- the control power supply voltage Vcc gradually decreases, and conversely, the voltage feedback signal VI ⁇ gradually increases, reaches the fourth level V4 at time t2, and the output V44 of the second comparator 44 becomes high.
- the first switch S1 is turned on, and the reference voltage Vr is maintained at the first level VI. Therefore, the output V44 of the second comparator 44 is maintained at a high level due to the hysteresis effect as shown in the period t2-3 in FIG. 5C.
- the output of the oscillator 35 in FIG. 5 (A) passes through the AND gate 37 and is output from the pulse as shown in FIG. 5 (B). Therefore, the switch 7 shown in FIG.
- the period of the intermittent operation of the switch 7 becomes shorter during the period t6 when the control power supply voltage Vcc falls to the predetermined reference voltage V52 and the time t7 when the control power supply voltage Vcc returns to the predetermined UPT (upper trip point). That is, as shown in FIG. 5B, in the period tl to t6 when the control power supply voltage Vcc is relatively high, the cycle of the intermittent operation is the first cycle T1 which is relatively long. On the other hand, during the period t6-7 when the control power supply voltage Vcc is relatively low, the switch 7 operates intermittently in the second cycle T2 shorter than the first cycle T1.
- the shortening of the intermittent operation period in the period t6-7 in FIG. 5 is achieved by switching the reference voltage Vr to the second and third levels. That is, the upper limit reference voltage value of the hysteresis operation of the second comparator 44 in the period t6-7 is the third level V3, and the lower limit reference voltage value is the second level V2. Since the second and third levels V2 and V3 are set between the first and fourth levels VI and V4, the difference V3-V2 between the second and third levels V2 and V3 is The difference between the first and fourth level VI, V4, V4—less than VI. As a result, the period T2 of the intermittent operation of the period t6-7 is shorter than the period T1 of the intermittent operation of the period tl-1 t6.
- the switch 7 is continuously turned on and off during the entire period corresponding to t6-7. Therefore, in the conventional technology, the number of switching operations per unit time of the switch 7 during the period t6-7 is increased, and the switching loss is inevitably increased. On the other hand, in the method according to the present invention, the switch 7 operates intermittently even in the period t6-7, so that the number of switching operations per unit time is reduced as compared with the related art, and the switching loss is also reduced.
- the DC-DC converter of the embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 6 is such that the secondary winding N2 of the transformer 6 of the DC-DC converter of FIG. 1 is omitted, and the rectifying and smoothing circuit 9 is connected to the switch 7.
- a modified DC / DC conversion circuit la connected in parallel is provided, and the other configuration is the same as that of FIG.
- the rectifier diode D1 is in a reverse-biased state, and an energy storage operation occurs in the primary winding N1 having inductance.
- the rectifier diode Dl is in a forward-biased state, and the operation of discharging the stored energy in the primary winding N1 occurs.
- the first smoothing capacitor C1 is charged with the pressure value of the voltage of the power supply 3 and the voltage of the primary winding N1.
- the DC-DC converter of Fig. 6 operates as a step-up type switching regulator.
- the winding N3 in FIG. 6 is connected to a second rectifying / smoothing circuit 10 as a control power supply similarly to the tertiary winding N3 in FIG. Since the switch control circuit 2 of the DC-DC converter of FIG. 6 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 7 shows an intermittent command generation circuit 19a of the DC-DC converter according to the third embodiment.
- This intermittent command generation circuit 19a is formed by replacing the reference voltage generation circuit 45 of the intermittent command generation circuit 19 in FIG. 2 with a modified reference voltage generation circuit 45a, and otherwise is formed in the same manner as in FIG.
- the reference voltage generation circuit 45a of FIG. 7 generates first, second, third, and fourth reference voltages of first, second, third, and fourth levels VI, V2, V3, and V4. It has reference voltage sources 51, 52, 53, 54, which are connected via first, second, third and fourth switches 55, 56, 57, 58 to the negative input terminal of a second comparator 44. Connected to each other. One input terminal of the first AND gate 59 is connected to the output line 28a of the second comparator 44, and the other input terminal is connected via the NOT circuit 63 to the third comparator 51 of FIG. The output terminal is connected to the output line 27, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first switch 55.
- One input terminal of the second AND gate 60 is connected to the line 28a, the other input terminal is connected to the line 27, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second switch 56.
- One input terminal of the third AND gate 61 is connected to the line 28a via the NOT circuit 64, the other input terminal is connected to the line 27, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the third switch 57.
- One input terminal of the fourth AND gate 62 is connected to the line 28a via the NOT circuit 66, the other input terminal is connected to the line 27 via the NOT circuit 65, and its output terminal is connected to the fourth terminal.
- the switch is connected to the control terminal of switch 58.
- the same reference voltage Vr of the first to fourth levels VI—V4 as in FIG. 5C can be generated by the reference voltage generation circuit 45a in FIG. 7, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Obtainable.
- the DC-DC converter circuit 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a well-known forked DC-DC converter circuit, a node having a known pair of switches, a self-bridge type DC-DC converter circuit, or a modified self-bridge.
- Type DC-DC conversion circuit, or conversion circuit consisting of a bridge type inverter circuit with four switches connected to a bridge and a rectifying and smoothing circuit connected to this output stage, or a combination of two switches and a transformer It is possible to provide a conversion circuit which also has a combined power of a push-pull type inverter and a rectifying / smoothing circuit.
- the DC-DC conversion circuit 1 can be replaced with any circuit that turns on or off one or more switches.
- the on / off repetition frequency of the switch 7, that is, the switching frequency is not fixed, and can be changed according to the magnitude of the load.
- a sawtooth wave generation circuit 70 consisting of a discharge switch SW is provided, the capacitor C is charged via the resistor R by the voltage of the DC power supply terminal + V, and the gradient voltage Vc shown in Fig. 9 (B) is switched from the capacitor C to the switch. It can be obtained in synchronization with 7 on.
- the RS flip-flop 36 is reset by the output V42 of the first comparator 42 shown in FIG.
- the switch SW is turned on by the inverted output of the flip flip 36, and the capacitor C is discharged.
- the second comparator 44 of the intermittent command generation circuit 19 can be a comparator with hysteresis characteristics, and the reference voltage source 45 can be a single reference voltage source. In this case, a circuit for changing the hysteresis width of the second comparator 44 by the output V51 of the third comparator 51 is provided.
- the switch 7 can be another semiconductor switching device such as a bipolar transistor or an IGBT (insulated gate type Neutral transistor).
- the optical coupling between the light emitting diode 34 and the phototransistor 39 can be used as an electrical coupling circuit.
- a current detection means using a magnetoelectric conversion device such as a hall element can be provided instead of the current detection resistor 4.
- the AND gate 37 can be another logic circuit equivalent to this.
- the intermittent command generation circuit 19 can be modified to a circuit for detecting whether or not the light load state force is based on whether or not the current detection signal Vi is lower than a predetermined value.
- the DC-DC converter according to the present invention can be used for a DC power supply.
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005516988A JP4203768B2 (ja) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-27 | Dc−dc変換器 |
US11/427,505 US7212417B2 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2006-06-29 | Dual-mode switching DC-to-DC converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004-007253 | 2004-01-14 | ||
JP2004007253 | 2004-01-14 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US11/427,505 Continuation US7212417B2 (en) | 2004-01-14 | 2006-06-29 | Dual-mode switching DC-to-DC converter |
Publications (1)
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WO2005069469A1 true WO2005069469A1 (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
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PCT/JP2004/019554 WO2005069469A1 (ja) | 2004-01-14 | 2004-12-27 | Dc-dc変換器 |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US7212417B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4203768B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100694429B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005069469A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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JP2007236087A (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Canon Inc | スイッチング電源装置 |
US8295062B2 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2012-10-23 | Panasonic Corporation | Switching power supply apparatus and semiconductor device |
CN113661784A (zh) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-11-16 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | 用于驱动负载的转换器、led驱动器以及led照明装置 |
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US6876181B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2005-04-05 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Off-line converter with digital control |
KR101058935B1 (ko) * | 2004-05-03 | 2011-08-23 | 페어차일드코리아반도체 주식회사 | 스위칭 모드 파워 서플라이 |
US7233504B2 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-06-19 | Power Integration, Inc. | Method and apparatus for digital control of a switching regulator |
KR101527966B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-02 | 2015-06-17 | 페어차일드코리아반도체 주식회사 | 스위치 모드 전력 공급 장치 및 그 구동 방법 |
JP4618381B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-01-26 | ソニー株式会社 | フライバック式昇圧回路およびそれを用いたストロボ装置 |
US8193775B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-05 | Kookmin University Industry Academy Cooperation Foundation | Hysteresis switch and electricity charging module using the same |
TWI399926B (zh) * | 2010-05-17 | 2013-06-21 | Richtek Technology Corp | 適應性同步時脈移相產生電路及同步時脈移相產生方法 |
US8716999B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2014-05-06 | Draker, Inc. | Dynamic frequency and pulse-width modulation of dual-mode switching power controllers in photovoltaic arrays |
JP5910814B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-26 | 2016-04-27 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
DE102013107088A1 (de) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Schaltungsanordnung zum Schutz von mindestens einem Bauteil eines Zweidrahtstromkreises |
US10680454B2 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-06-09 | Simplex Quantum Inc. | Power supply circuit for biological signal measurement circuit and biological signal measuring apparatus |
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- 2004-12-27 KR KR1020067003626A patent/KR100694429B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-27 JP JP2005516988A patent/JP4203768B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-27 WO PCT/JP2004/019554 patent/WO2005069469A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2001145344A (ja) * | 1999-11-16 | 2001-05-25 | Sanken Electric Co Ltd | Dc−dcコンバータ |
JP2003304682A (ja) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | スイッチング電源制御用半導体装置 |
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Cited By (7)
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JP2007236087A (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Canon Inc | スイッチング電源装置 |
US8295062B2 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2012-10-23 | Panasonic Corporation | Switching power supply apparatus and semiconductor device |
CN113661784A (zh) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-11-16 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | 用于驱动负载的转换器、led驱动器以及led照明装置 |
JP2022525437A (ja) * | 2019-04-11 | 2022-05-13 | シグニファイ ホールディング ビー ヴィ | 負荷を駆動するための変換器、ledドライバ及びled照明装置 |
JP7126625B2 (ja) | 2019-04-11 | 2022-08-26 | シグニファイ ホールディング ビー ヴィ | 負荷を駆動するための変換器、ledドライバ及びled照明装置 |
US11696381B2 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2023-07-04 | Signify Holding B.V. | Converter for driving a load, a LED driver and a LED lighting apparatus |
CN113661784B (zh) * | 2019-04-11 | 2024-03-22 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | 用于驱动负载的转换器、led驱动器以及led照明装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060239040A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
JP4203768B2 (ja) | 2009-01-07 |
US7212417B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 |
JPWO2005069469A1 (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
KR100694429B1 (ko) | 2007-03-12 |
KR20060054449A (ko) | 2006-05-22 |
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