WO2005058786A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von tricyclodecandialdehyd - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von tricyclodecandialdehyd Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005058786A1 WO2005058786A1 PCT/EP2004/013814 EP2004013814W WO2005058786A1 WO 2005058786 A1 WO2005058786 A1 WO 2005058786A1 EP 2004013814 W EP2004013814 W EP 2004013814W WO 2005058786 A1 WO2005058786 A1 WO 2005058786A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydroformylation
- reaction
- reaction zone
- tcd
- rhodium
- Prior art date
Links
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 165
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- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical class [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZSJYEAHAINDJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+) Chemical compound [Rh+3] PZSJYEAHAINDJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILLXJAWVPNCIFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+) trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Rh+3].[Rh+3] ILLXJAWVPNCIFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Rh+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O SVOOVMQUISJERI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-Butyl ethyl ether Natural products CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005497 tetraalkylphosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical class CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYVOHVLEZJMINC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC PYVOHVLEZJMINC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/24—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reductive alkylation of ammonia, amines or compounds having groups reducible to amino groups, with carbonyl compounds
- C07C209/26—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reductive alkylation of ammonia, amines or compounds having groups reducible to amino groups, with carbonyl compounds by reduction with hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group
- C07C29/141—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
- C07C47/28—Saturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six—membered aromatic rings
- C07C47/34—Saturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six—membered aromatic rings polycyclic
- C07C47/347—Saturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six—membered aromatic rings polycyclic having a —CHO group on a condensed ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/56—Ring systems containing bridged rings
- C07C2603/58—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings
- C07C2603/60—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six members
- C07C2603/66—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six members containing five-membered rings
- C07C2603/68—Dicyclopentadienes; Hydrogenated dicyclopentadienes
Definitions
- thermolability is particularly evident when, as is the case with working up by distillation, the non-ligand-modified one
- the present invention was therefore based on the object of finding an improved process for the preparation of TCD dialdehyde and, subsequently, TCD diol and TCD diamine, which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the process should enable TCD dialdehyde to be produced economically with a good space-time yield, without the risk of economically significant rhodium losses and without the need for economically disadvantageous ligand separations. and thus allow the inexpensive production of the secondary products TCD-diol or TCD-diamine.
- reactors suitable for hydroformylation reactions can be used as reactors in the process according to the invention, for example stirred reactors, bubble column reactors such as those e.g. in US-A 4778 929, circulation reactors as e.g. EP-A 1 114 017 relates to tubular reactors, the individual reactors of a number of different mixture characteristics being able to be used, e.g. described in EP-A 423769, furthermore compartmentalized reactors can be used, such as those e.g. The subject of EP-A 1 231 198 or of US-A 5 728 893 are.
- the hydroformylation output from the first reaction zone is passed into the subsequent reaction zone without further working up.
- Suitable conventional solvents are aromatics, such as benzene, toluene and xylene or their mixtures, hydrocarbons or mixtures of hydrocarbons, esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as ethyl acetate, ethers, such as tert-butyl methyl ether, tert-butyl ethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, and also alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, pentanol and ketones, such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone.
- aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene or their mixtures
- hydrocarbons or mixtures of hydrocarbons esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as ethyl acetate, ethers, such as ter
- ionic liquids can also advantageously be used as solvents.
- liquid salts for example N, N'-dialkylimidazolium salts, such as the N-butyl-N'-methylimidazolium salts, tetraalkylammonium salts, such as the tetra-n -butylammonium salts, N-alkylpyridinium salts, such as the n-butylpyridinium salts, tetraalkylphosphonium salts, such as the tris-hexyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium salts, where the counterion in each case, for example, the tetrafluoroborate, the acetate, the tetrachloroaluminate or the hexasodium, the tos
- these ionic liquids can be separated from the hydroformylation mixture by phase separation.
- the rhodium concentration to be used is not critical for the process according to the invention, i.e. In principle, it is possible to work with high and low rhodium concentrations without this having a negative effect on the hydroformylation result.
- the rhodium concentration in the liquid reaction mixture of the hydroformylation process in the process according to the invention is advantageously set to 2 to 20 ppm by weight, particularly preferably to 4 to 10 ppm by weight, in each case calculated as Rh. Of course, higher rhodium concentrations can also be used.
- the working up of the liquid hydroformylation discharge from the second reaction zone is carried out in such a way that, as described above, it is first placed in an expansion vessel to a pressure which is 5 to 30 bar abs., Preferably 5 to 10 bar abs., lower than that prevailing in the second reaction zone, relaxed, the resulting product liquid, which is still at a high CO / H 2 level, is passed over an ion exchanger to remove the rhodium catalyst and the demetallized product mixture is then either in one or more relaxation stages to atmospheric pressure or to the pressure required for any subsequent reaction, for example hydrogenation to TCD diol or reductive amination to TCD diamine.
- the removal of the rhodium catalyst from the hydroformylation product at a still relatively high pressure has the advantage that the rhodium catalyst can be replaced by the CO / H 2 mixture dissolved in the product mixture is sufficiently stabilized so that there is no decomposition of the rhodium carbonyl compound with the deposition of elemental rhodium on the walls of the apparatus and associated rhodium losses.
- the rhodium can be recovered virtually quantitatively from the ion exchange resins loaded with it in a simple manner, for example by ashing them as described in US Pat. Nos. 5208,194 and WO 02/20451.
- the liquid hydroformylation output from the second reaction zone can be let down to about 1 to 10 bar, preferably to atmospheric pressure.
- the temperature of the liquid hydroformylation discharge can be reduced to generally 40 to 100 ° C., preferably to 60 to 90 ° C., by additional cooling, as a result of which the temperature-sensitive rhodium catalyst is also stabilized.
- the relaxation can be done in one step or in several steps.
- the relaxed and cooled liquid hydroformylation discharge can then be treated with a suitable ion exchanger in order to separate off the rhodium catalyst in the manner described above.
- pentacyclopentadecane dialdehydes obtainable in an analogous manner by hydrogenation or reductive amination from the pentacyclopentadecane dialdehydes or dimethylols or di- aminomethyl derivatives are used in applications similar to TCD diol or TCD diamine.
- the present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of tricyclodecanedimethylol by the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene by means of a CO / H 2 mixture in the presence of a non-ligand-modified rhodium catalyst homogeneously dissolved in the hydroformylation medium at elevated temperature and under elevated pressure to give tricyclodecanedialdehyde Separation of the rhodium catalyst from the tricyclodecanedialdehyde and hydrogenation of the tricyclodecanedialdehyde by means of a gas containing molecular hydrogen over a heterogeneous catalyst at elevated temperature and at elevated pressure, which is characterized in that the hydroformylation is carried out at a pressure of 200 to 350 bar in at least two reaction zones, wherein in a first reaction zone a reaction temperature of 80 to 120 ° C and in a reaction zone following this reaction zone a reaction temperature of 120 to 150 ° C is set, mi t the proviso that the hydroform
- the key step for the economical production of TCD diol namely the synthesis of TCD dialdehyde, is carried out as in the process according to the invention for the production of TCD dialdehyde.
- the discharge of the hydroformylation process which essentially contains the TCD dialdehyde, the rhodium catalyst and optionally the solvent added, after the rhodium catalyst has been separated off, can be used directly in the hydrogenation to give the TCD diol become.
- Any solvent contained in the hydroformylation discharge can be separated from the hydrogenation before it is fed into the hydrogenation — in particular when using ionic liquids as a solvent, preferably — especially when using conventional solvents — the hydroformylation discharge is passed into the hydrogenation reactor without prior removal of the solvent.
- Molecular hydrogen-containing gases which can be used in the process according to the invention are both hydrogen and gas mixtures of hydrogen and a gas which is inert under the hydrogenation conditions, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and / or methane. Preferably only hydrogen is used.
- heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts which contain one or more elements from groups Ib, Vlb, Vllb and Vlllb of the Periodic Table of the Elements are preferably used. To promote their catalytic activity and selectivity, these catalysts can furthermore contain one or more elements from groups la, lla, lila, IVa and Va of the periodic table of the elements.
- Preferred catalysts are in particular those which are used as catalytically active components e.g. Copper, chromium, rhenium, cobalt, nickel, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, palladium, iron or platinum or mixtures of several of these elements and, if appropriate, as further components which influence their catalytic activity and selectivity, e.g. Contain indium, tin or antimony.
- Hydrogenation catalysts which contain cobalt, nickel and / or copper are particularly preferably used for the hydrogenation of the TCD dialdehyde.
- the precipitation catalysts can be prepared by removing their catalytically active components from their salt solutions, in particular from the solutions of their nitrates and / or acetates, by adding solutions of alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxide and / or carbonate solutions, for example as poorly soluble hydroxides, oxide hydrates , basic salts or carbonates precipitates, then dries the precipitate obtained and then converts it to the corresponding oxides, mixed oxides and / or mixed-valent oxides by caicination at generally 300 to 700 ° C, in particular 400 to 600 ° C, which by a treatment are reduced with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases at generally 50 to 700 ° C., in particular at 100 to 400 ° C., to the metals and / or oxidic compounds of low oxidation level in question and converted into their actual, catalytically active form.
- alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal hydroxide and / or carbonate solutions for example as poorly soluble hydroxides
- Suitable carrier materials are, for example, the oxides of aluminum, titanium, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide, clays, for example montmorriilonite, silicates such as magnesium or aluminum silicates, diatomaceous earth or zeolites such as ZSM-5 or ZSM-10 zeolites. Mixtures of such carrier materials can also be used.
- the dried precipitate from the precipitation before the caicination can be admixed with shaping aids such as graphite, talc or stearin and / or with pore formers such as cellulose, methyl cellulose, starch, wax, paraffin and / or a polyalkylene glycol, and to give shaped catalyst bodies such as tablets, spheres , Rings or strands are pressed or extruded.
- shaping aids such as graphite, talc or stearin and / or with pore formers such as cellulose, methyl cellulose, starch, wax, paraffin and / or a polyalkylene glycol
- Hydrogenation catalysts are preferably used which contain the metals or metal compounds which catalyze the hydrogenation deposited on a support material.
- precipitation catalysts which, in addition to the catalytically active components, also contain a support material
- support catalysts for the preparation of the TCD diol are those in which the catalytically active components e.g. have been applied to a carrier material by impregnation.
- the manner in which the catalytically active metals are applied to the support is generally not critical and can be accomplished in a variety of ways.
- the catalytically active metals can be on these support materials, for example by impregnation with solutions or suspensions of the salts or oxides of the elements in question, drying and subsequent reduction of the metal compounds to the metals in question or compounds with a low oxidation state using a reducing agent, for example with hydrogen, hydrogen-containing gases or hydrazine , preferably with gases containing hydrogen.
- a reducing agent for example with hydrogen, hydrogen-containing gases or hydrazine , preferably with gases containing hydrogen.
- the reduction of the metal compounds deposited on the support material can be carried out under the same conditions as previously described for the precipitation catalysts.
- catalytically active metals can be deposited on the catalyst support by vapor deposition or by flame spraying. In this case, metal wire nets or metal foils can also serve as carrier materials.
- the content of the supported catalysts in the catalytically active metals is in principle not critical for the success of the hydrogenation. It goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that higher levels of these supported catalysts in catalytically active metals can lead to higher space-time conversions than lower levels.
- supported catalysts are used whose content of catalytically active metals is 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 40% by weight, based on the total catalyst. Since this content information relates to the entire catalyst including the support material, but the different support materials have very different specific weights and specific surfaces, this information can also be exceeded or fallen short of, without this having an adverse effect on the result of the process according to the invention.
- the catalytically active metals can also be applied to the respective carrier material.
- the catalytically active metals can be applied to the support, for example by the processes of DE-A 25 19 817, EP-A 147219 and EP-A 285420.
- the catalytically active metals are present as alloys, which can be obtained by thermal treatment and / or reduction of e.g. by impregnation on a support deposited salts or complexes of the aforementioned metals.
- oxides of aluminum, titanium, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide, clays, e.g. Montmorillonites, silicates such as magnesium or aluminum silicates, zeolites such as ZSM-5 or ZSM-10 zeolites, and activated carbon can be used.
- Preferred carrier materials are aluminum oxides, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium dioxide, kieselguhr or activated carbon. Mixtures of different support materials can of course also serve as supports for hydrogenation catalysts.
- Examples of hydrogenation catalysts which can be used for the hydrogenation of TCD-dialdehyde to TCD-diol are as follows: cobalt on activated carbon, cobalt, cobalt on silicon dioxide, cobalt on aluminum oxide, iron on activated carbon, manganese on activated carbon, nickel, nickel on silicon dioxide, nickel Diatomaceous earth, copper on activated carbon, copper on silicon dioxide, copper on aluminum oxide, Copper chromite, copper / nickel precipitation catalysts, and the catalysts according to DE-A 3932 332, WO 01/87809, EP-A 44444, EP-A 224 872, DE-A 39 04083, DE-A 23 21 101, EP-A 415202, DE-A 23 66 264, DE-A 2628 987, EP-A 394 842 and EP-A 100 406.
- the hydrogenation of the TCD dialdehyde can be carried out in stirred tanks using a suspension of fine hydrogenation catalyst particles, e.g. Raney nickel or Raney cobalt, are carried out, the hydrogenation catalyst is preferably arranged in a fixed bed in the hydrogenation reactor, via which the reaction mixture can be passed in a bottoms or downflow mode.
- Suitable reactors for this are e.g. Tube reactors or loop reactors through which the reaction mixture is pumped in a circle over the fixed catalyst bed.
- a cooling device e.g. in the reactor loop can advantageously be attached in the form of a heat exchanger for removing the heat of hydrogenation.
- water can be added to the TCD dialdehyde in an amount of up to 0% by weight before it is introduced into the hydrogenation reactor.
- the TCD diol can be purified by distillation, preferably under reduced pressure.
- the TCD diol can be separated from low-boiling impurities by means of steam distillation, if desired at reduced pressure. With this cleaning method, the low boilers are stripped from the raw TCD diol product using steam. Since the starting material is TCD dialdehyde in Is used in the form of an isomer mixture in the hydrogenation, the TCD diol is also obtained as a mixture of isomers.
- the present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of diamino-methyl-tricyclodecane by the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene using a CO / H 2 mixture in the presence of a non-ligand-modified rhodium catalyst homogeneously dissolved in the hydroformylation medium at elevated pressure and at elevated temperature, followed by separation of the Rhodium catalyst of tricyclodecanedialdehyde and reductive amination of tricyclodecanedialdehyde over a heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of a molecular hydrogen-containing gas and ammonia at elevated temperature and pressure, which is characterized in that the hydroformylation is carried out at a pressure of 200 to 350 bar in at least two reaction zones is carried out, a reaction temperature of 80 to 120 ° C. in a first reaction zone and a reaction temperature of 120 to 150 ° C. in a reaction zone following this reaction zone, with which Ma ß addition that the reaction temperature in the subsequent reaction zone is at least 5
- the final step for the economical production of TCD diamine namely the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene to TCD dialdehyde, is carried out as in the hydroformylation process according to the invention.
- the discharge of the hydroformylation process which essentially contains the TCD dialdehyde, the rhodium catalyst and optionally the solvent added, after the rhodium catalyst has been separated off, can be used directly in the reductive amination to give the TCD diamine ,
- Any solvent contained in the hydroformylation discharge can be separated from it before it is fed into the amination, in particular when ionic liquids are used as the solvent, preferably - especially when using conventional solvents - the hydroformylation discharge is passed into the amination reactor without prior removal of the solvent ,
- TCD-diol was used as the solvent in the hydroformylation, this is also converted to TCD-diamine on the amination catalyst.
- the nature of the amination catalysts are hydrogenation catalysts which, as such, also effect the dehydrogenation of alcohols to aldehydes as an equilibrium reaction.
- the TCD diol which may be present in the TCD dialdehyde is consequently first dehydrated on the amination catalyst to give the TCD dialdehyde which, together with the ammonia fed to the amination reactor, forms an imine which is then hydrogenated on the amination catalyst to give the amine.
- the reductive amination of the TCD dialdehyde to the TCD diamine by means of molecular hydrogen-containing gases and ammonia can be carried out in a conventional manner at a pressure of generally 1 to 400 bar, preferably 10 to 250 bar and particularly preferably 30 to 200 bar and at a reaction temperature of generally 50 to 250 ° C, preferably from 80 to 200 ° C and particularly preferably from 100 to 200 ° C.
- the molecular hydrogen-containing gases used in the process according to the invention are both pure hydrogen and gas mixtures of hydrogen and a gas which is inert under the hydrogenation conditions, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and / or methane.
- Such catalysts are preferably used which contain up to 100% by weight of at least one element or at least one compound of an element from group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements in the active catalyst mass, ie from the group consisting of Fe, Ru, Os, Co , Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd and Pt.
- the active catalyst composition can furthermore contain up to 50% by weight of at least one element or at least one compound of an element from group IB of the periodic table of the elements, that is to say from the group consisting of Cu, Ag and Au , preferably Cu.
- the amount of metal or compound of a metal from group IB is 1 to 30% by weight, in particular 10 to 25% by weight, based on the total amount of the active catalyst composition.
- the catalysts can be used as precipitation catalysts or in supported form.
- the proportion of the support in the total mass of the catalyst is generally 10 to 90% by weight.
- All known suitable supports can be used as supports, for example activated carbon, silicon carbide or metal oxides.
- metal oxides is preferred.
- aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide or mixtures thereof, which are optionally doped with alkali and / or alkaline earth metal oxides are preferably used.
- ⁇ -aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium dioxide or titanium dioxide or mixtures thereof, in particular Al 2 O 3 are particularly preferred.
- the carriers can be used in any form, for example as extrudates (in the form of strands), pellets, tablets, monoliths, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or in powder form.
- the supported catalysts can be produced by generally known processes.
- the reductive amination of the TCD dialdehyde can be carried out on conventional reactors which are conventionally used for reductive amination reactions.
- the TCD-diamine can be prepared in stirred tanks with finely divided catalysts, such as Raney nickel or Raney cobalt, suspended in the reaction mixture.
- the amination catalyst is preferably arranged in one or more fixed beds which can be installed in conventional tubular or loop reactors and through which the liquid reaction mixture can be passed in a bottom or trickle mode.
- the reactors are advantageously equipped with cooling devices, for example heat exchangers.
- the invention is illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples.
- Comparative example 1 shows that even with a rhodium concentration of 47 ppm by weight at a relatively high hydroformylation temperature of 130 ° C. and even under a very high CO / H 2 pressure of 600 bar, even after a reaction time of 10 hours in the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene little TCD dialdehyde is formed and the hydroformylation reaction stops at the TCD monoaldehyde level.
- Comparative example 2 proves that the hydroformylation of dicyclopentadiene at a relatively low reaction temperature of 110 ° C. at a CO / H 2 pressure of 280 bar and a Rh concentration of 12 ppm by weight is very slow and only with a very small space. Time yield runs. After a reaction time of two hours, the TCD-dialdehyde / TCD-monoaldehyde ratio is only 1: 3.
- the dicyclopentadiene dissolved in pentanol (1) was pumped into the reactor 3.
- the reaction mixture passed from the first reactor 3 into the second reactor 4 and from there into the separator 5.
- An off-gas stream was taken off at the top and the liquid phase in the sump was passed over the ion exchanger bed 7. After the ion exchanger bed 7, the reaction mixture passed into the low-pressure separator 8, where gas (9) and liquid phase (10) were again separated.
- the liquid phase 10 was conveyed into a hydrogenation reactor 13. Water (11) and hydrogen (12) were also metered into this reactor.
- the discharge of the hydrogenation reactor 13 was freed of the gas in a gas separator 14 and the raw alcohol 16 was removed.
- the Miniplant was operated with the following parameters:
- Hydrogenation reactor 13 170 to 180 ° C, 280 bar
- the second catalyst bed located towards the reactor outlet consisted of a nickel on silica-supported catalyst of the following composition:
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Abstract
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EP04803526A EP1694621A1 (de) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung von tricyclodecandialdehyd |
US10/581,802 US7321068B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-14 | Method for producing tricyclodecandialdehyde |
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DE10357718A DE10357718A1 (de) | 2003-12-09 | 2003-12-09 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tricyclodecandialdehyd |
DE10357718.1 | 2003-12-09 |
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WO2005058786A1 true WO2005058786A1 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
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US (1) | US7321068B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1694621A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100400490C (de) |
DE (1) | DE10357718A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005058786A1 (de) |
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WO2007003589A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Hydroformylation process |
WO2008074828A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-26 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Hydroformylation process |
CN102795978A (zh) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | 一种合成三环癸烷二甲醛的方法 |
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Also Published As
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DE10357718A1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
CN1890203A (zh) | 2007-01-03 |
US20070100168A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
CN100400490C (zh) | 2008-07-09 |
US7321068B2 (en) | 2008-01-22 |
EP1694621A1 (de) | 2006-08-30 |
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