WO2005041246A1 - 赤外線放射素子およびそれを用いたガスセンサ - Google Patents
赤外線放射素子およびそれを用いたガスセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005041246A1 WO2005041246A1 PCT/JP2004/015914 JP2004015914W WO2005041246A1 WO 2005041246 A1 WO2005041246 A1 WO 2005041246A1 JP 2004015914 W JP2004015914 W JP 2004015914W WO 2005041246 A1 WO2005041246 A1 WO 2005041246A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- heat
- infrared
- insulating layer
- heat generating
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
- H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
- H05B3/009—Heating devices using lamps heating devices not specially adapted for a particular application
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N15/00—Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials; Thermomagnetic devices, e.g. using the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
Definitions
- the present invention c BACKGROUND relates gas sensor using infrared radiation element and it
- an infrared radiation source for example, an infrared gas analyzer, etc.
- a typical example of an infrared radiation source used in these analyzers is a halogen lamp. Since a halogen lamp is large and has a relatively short life, a small lamp that detects gas using infrared light is used. Application to gas sensors is difficult.
- infrared radiating elements formed using micromachine Jung technology as infrared radiating sources that can be miniaturized have been researched and developed in various places (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-153640 (paragraph [ 0027], [0028], see FIG. 2), JP-A-2000-236110 (see paragraph numbers [0017], [0018], [0019], FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), and JP-A-10-294165 ( Step numbers [0014], [0015], see Fig. 1)).
- the above-mentioned patent document discloses a rectangular frame-shaped support substrate, such as a silicon substrate, which also uses a micromachine Jung technique, and a linear heating element bridging one side and the other side of the support substrate. And a so-called microbridge structure infrared radiation element.
- This type of microbridge-structure infrared radiating element radiates infrared rays from the heating element by Joule heat accompanying energization of the linear heating element. Since the heating element is surrounded by air, the heating element and the heating element The heat capacity difference with the surrounding area can be increased, and it can respond at high speed to turning on and off the current flowing to the heating element.
- the heating element is linear and both ends are supported by the support substrate. There was a risk of fusing.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide an infrared radiating element that can have a longer life than a conventional one, and a gas sensor using the same. Target.
- An infrared radiating element is formed on a semiconductor substrate, a porous heat insulating layer formed on one surface of the semiconductor substrate and having a smaller thermal conductivity than the semiconductor substrate, and formed on the heat insulating layer; A heat-generating layer having thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity higher than that of the heat-insulating layer, and emitting infrared rays when energized.
- the semiconductor substrate is a silicon substrate
- the heat insulating layer and the heat generating layer are each formed of a porous silicon layer
- the porosity of the heat generating layer is smaller than the porosity of the heat insulating layer.
- the porosity of the heat generating layer is 2% to 45%
- the porosity of the heat insulating layer is 40% or more and 80% and 10% or more than the porosity of the heat generating layer.
- the heat generating layer is doped with impurities so as to have higher conductivity and a positive temperature coefficient of resistance than the silicon substrate.
- the heating layer may be a carbon layer provided with conductivity or an amorphous silicon layer provided with conductivity by doping of impurities.
- an amorphous silicon layer it is preferable that the doping concentration is higher on the surface side than on the heat insulating layer side.
- a multilayer film for limiting the wavelength range of infrared radiation radiated to the outside is laminated on the surface of the heat generating layer.
- a reflection film is formed on the other surface of the semiconductor substrate to reflect infrared rays emitted from the heat generation layer toward the semiconductor substrate toward the heat generation layer.
- a thermal insulator member having a lower thermal conductivity than the semiconductor substrate is provided on the other surface side of the semiconductor substrate.
- the heat generating layer is formed on the heat insulating layer via an insulating layer having a lower conductivity than the heat insulating layer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an infrared radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view for explaining infrared radiation emitted by the infrared radiation element of the above.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a driving circuit for the infrared radiation element of the above.
- FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a preferable shape of the heat generating layer.
- FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a preferred shape of the heating layer.
- FIG. 5A is a view for explaining a preferred shape of the heat generating layer.
- FIG. 5B is a view for explaining a preferred shape of the heat generating layer.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an infrared radiating element according to a preferred embodiment of the above.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the infrared radiating element according to the preferred embodiment of the above.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the infrared radiating element according to the preferred embodiment of the above.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the infrared radiating element according to the preferred embodiment of the above.
- FIG. 10 is a basic configuration diagram of a gas sensor using the infrared radiation element of the present invention.
- the infrared radiating element A of the present embodiment is an infrared radiating element that emits infrared rays from the heat generating layer 3 by causing the heat generating layer 3 to generate heat by energizing the heat generating layer 3.
- a heat insulating layer 2 made of porous material having sufficiently lower thermal conductivity than the semiconductor substrate 1 is formed.
- a heat generating layer 3 having a large layer shape is formed on the heat insulating layer 2, and a pair of pads (electrodes) 4 for energization are formed on the heat generating layer 3.
- the planar shape of the semiconductor substrate 1 is rectangular, and the planar shapes of the heat insulating layer 2 and the heat generating layer 3 are also rectangular.
- the nod 4 is formed of a metal material (for example, gold), and is formed on both ends of the heat generating layer 3 so as to be in contact with the heat generating layer 3.
- the heat insulating layer 2 and the heat generating layer 3 are each formed of a porous silicon layer having a different porosity, and the heat generating layer 3 is formed of a porous silicon layer having a lower porosity than the heat insulating layer 2.
- the heat generating layer 3 is a porous silicon layer having a porosity of 2% to 45% (hereinafter, referred to as a first porous silicon layer), and the heat insulating layer 2 has a porosity of 45% to 80% and This is a porous silicon layer (hereinafter, referred to as a second porous silicon layer) having a porosity 10% or more larger than the porosity of the heat generating layer 3.
- the porosity of the heating layer 3 is about 40%
- Layer 2 has a porosity of about 70%.
- the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of a porous silicon layer decrease as the porosity increases.
- a single-crystal silicon substrate with a thermal conductivity of 168 [WZ (m'K)] and a heat capacity of 1.67 ⁇ 106 ⁇ ( ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ )] (that is, 0% porosity) is anodized.
- the resulting porous silicon layer having a porosity of 60% has a thermal conductivity of 1 [W / (m'K)] and a heat capacity of 0.7 X 106 [J / (m3 ⁇ ⁇ )].
- the porosity of the heat generating layer 3 is smaller than the porosity of the heat insulating layer 2, the heat conductivity and the heat capacity of the heat generating layer 3 are larger than those of the heat insulating layer 2.
- the porous silicon layer functions as a heat generating layer or a heat insulating layer depends not on the absolute porosity of the porous silicon layer but on the difference in porosity between the heat generating layer and the heat insulating layer. Is important.
- the heat insulating layer 2 and the heat generating layer 3 are formed by using a single crystal silicon substrate as the semiconductor substrate 1 and anodizing a part of the semiconductor substrate 1 in a hydrogen fluoride aqueous solution.
- the heat insulating layer 2 and the heat generating layer 3 can be continuously formed by appropriately changing the conditions (for example, current density and processing time) of the anodic oxidation treatment.
- the size of the infrared radiation element ⁇ is, for example, the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 1 before the formation of the heat insulating layer 2 and the heat generating layer 3: 625 ⁇ m, the thickness of the heat insulating layer 2: 50 m, the heat generating layer
- the thickness of No. 3 is 1 m, and the thickness of Nod 4 is 0. It is desirable that the thickness of the heat insulating layer 2 be 50 m or more and the thickness of the heat generating layer 3 be 3 m or less.
- the heat generation layer 3 as a heat generating element can increase the amount of infrared radiation because the heat generation layer 3 is not linear but planar (layered) as in the related art.
- the life span can be extended by suppressing the amount of heat generated per unit area.
- the heat generating layer 3 is supported by the heat insulating layer 2 over the entire surface, the heat generating layer 3 is more likely to be damaged compared to a conventional structure in which a linear heating element is supported at both ends. The life can be extended.
- the heat generating layer 3 is supported by the heat insulating layer 2 having a high porosity, the heat generating layer 3 is supported in a state close to air, and as a result, the difference in heat capacity between the heat generating layer 3 and the surroundings increases, resulting in a thermal response. Good response.
- the first porous silicon layer as the heat generating layer 3 forms a pseudo black body, and the absolute temperature of the heat generating layer 3 and the peak wavelength of the infrared radiation radiated from the heat generating layer 3 Satisfies Vienna's displacement law.
- the heating element 3 emits infrared rays in the same manner as blackbody radiation. It can be considered a blackbody.
- the peak wavelength of infrared light emitted from layer 3 can be changed. For example, when a voltage of about 300 V is applied between the pair of pads 4, infrared light having a peak wavelength ⁇ of about 3 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m can be emitted.
- the temperature rise value ⁇ [ ⁇ ] of the heat generating layer 3 when input power is applied to the heat generating element 3 is expressed by the following equation (2).
- the peak wavelength of the infrared ray radiated from the heat generating layer 3 is approximately 4 m according to Equation 1, and the absolute temperature T of the heat generating layer 3 is calculated from 700 [K].
- the peak wavelength shifts to the lower wavelength side and the radiant energy of infrared light with a wavelength of 4 m increases as the height increases. So, for example,
- the heat generating layer 3 is formed so as to satisfy the condition, infrared rays having a wavelength of 4 m can be emitted with relatively high radiation energy.
- the thickness of the heat insulating layer 2 is t [m]
- the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer 2 is oc [W / (mK)]
- the heat capacity of the heating element 3 is Q [j / (m3 -K)].
- the frequency f can be increased to 10 Hz or more.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a driving circuit for driving the infrared radiation element A.
- a series circuit of a thyristor Th, an inductor L, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 is connected between both ends of the power supply unit 21, and an infrared radiation element A is connected between both ends of the resistor R2.
- the power supply section 21 includes a DC power supply and a capacitor connected between both ends of the DC power supply.
- this drive circuit has a control unit 22, and the control unit 22 supplies a control signal to the gate of the thyristor Th when the voltage across the capacitor of the power supply unit 21 exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- the thyristor Th When a control signal is given from the control unit 22 to the thyristor Th, the thyristor Th is turned on, a voltage is applied between the pads 4 of the infrared radiating element A, and the heat generating layer 3 generates heat and emits infrared light.
- the threshold value of the control unit 22 By appropriately changing the threshold value of the control unit 22, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the infrared radiating element A can be changed, and the peak wavelength ⁇ of the infrared radiation emitted from the infrared radiating element A can be controlled. it can.
- the heating layer 3 is heavily doped with impurities so that the conductivity of the heating layer 3 is higher than that of the semiconductor substrate 1 and the temperature coefficient of resistance is positive.
- the porous silicon layer has a high resistance and a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Therefore, in order to generate heat in the porous silicon layer, it is necessary to apply a high voltage between the pair of nodes 4, and furthermore, the temperature is low. As the resistance value decreases as the temperature rises, the current flowing between the pair of pads 4 sharply increases, so that the temperature controllability deteriorates.
- the heating layer 3 is heated as the temperature of the heating layer 3 rises.
- the resistance value of 3 increases, the current value of the current flowing to the heating layer 3 decreases, and the temperature control of the heating layer 3 becomes easy.
- annealing is performed by, for example, implanting impurity ions into the first porous silicon layer by ion implantation. Thereby, it is the same as a metal having higher conductivity and a positive temperature coefficient of resistance than the semiconductor substrate 1.
- a low resistance (highly doped) heat generating layer 3 having similar properties can be formed.
- annealing may be performed by ion-implanting impurity ions into a portion where the first porous silicon layer is to be formed.
- a constant current source it is preferable to use a constant current source as a power source and to flow a constant current between the nods 4.
- the resistance value of the heating layer 3 decreases as the temperature of the heating layer 3 increases, and the voltage value between the force pads 4 also decreases, so that the temperature controllability is improved.
- the surface area of the heat generating layer 3 increases, and the amount of infrared radiation from the heat generating layer 3 can be increased.
- the infrared radiating element such that the depth of each micropore obtained by anodizing a part of the semiconductor substrate 1 made of a silicon substrate is 1Z4 having a peak wavelength ⁇ .
- the surface of the porous silicon layer 3 ′ where V has no porous structure immediately after anodizing and (porosity of the surface is low! /) Etching is performed with an alkaline solution containing ⁇ or the like so that the depth ⁇ of the fine holes becomes ⁇ / 4.
- the amount of infrared radiation can be increased by the optical wave effect.
- a multilayer film 5 for limiting the wavelength range of infrared radiation radiated to the outside is laminated on the surface of the heat generating layer 3.
- the multilayer film 5 allows only infrared rays in a specific wavelength range to pass therethrough and suppresses emission of infrared rays having wavelengths other than the specific wavelength range to the outside.
- a reflective film 6 composed of a multilayer film for reflecting infrared rays emitted from the heat generating layer 3 toward the semiconductor substrate 1 toward the heat generating layer 3 is laminated. It is also good to do it. More preferably, a cavity lb is formed in the semiconductor substrate 1. The medium in the cavity lb is air. In this case, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7, the infrared radiation radiated from the heat generating layer 3 toward the semiconductor substrate 1 can be reflected toward the heat generating layer 3 by the reflective film 6, so that the surface side of the heat generating layer 3 can be reflected. The amount of infrared radiation radiated to the substrate can be increased.
- the reflection film 6 is not limited to a multilayer film, but may be, for example, a metal film that reflects infrared rays.
- a thermal insulator 7 having a lower thermal conductivity than the semiconductor substrate 1 is provided on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and the thermal insulator 7 is bonded to a die bonding adhesive.
- base part It is also preferable to adhere to the material 8.
- the infrared radiating element A is die-bonded to a base material such as a metal base of a can package or a lead frame, for example, depending on the thickness of the heat insulating layer 2, a part of the heat generated in the heat generating layer 3 is converted from the heat insulating layer 2 to the semiconductor. Heat may be dissipated along the path from the substrate 1 to the base member.
- the thermal insulator member 7 is made of, for example, an insulating glass substrate or a porous silicon layer (porous semiconductor layer) formed by anodizing a part of the other surface side of the semiconductor substrate 1. Can be.
- the heat generating layer 3 may be formed on the heat insulating layer 2 via the insulating layer 9 having a smaller conductivity than the heat insulating layer 2. Provision of the insulating layer 9 can further suppress the leakage current passing through the semiconductor substrate 1 when the heating layer 3 is energized, thereby increasing the response speed and reducing the power consumption.
- a silicon substrate is used as the semiconductor substrate 1 as the material of the insulating layer 9, for example, Si02 or Si3N4 may be used.
- FIG. 10 shows a gas sensor including the infrared radiation element A as an infrared radiation source.
- the gas sensor includes a gas-filled case 13 containing a gas to be detected, an infrared radiation source 11 having an infrared radiating element A for emitting infrared light into the gas-filled case 13, and a light transmitted through the gas-filled case 13.
- the light receiving element 12 receives the infrared rays emitted from the infrared light source 12 and the infrared light emitted from the infrared radiation source 11 into the gas filling case 13 is received by the light receiving element 12.
- This gas sensor measures the concentration of the gas to be detected by measuring the absorbance of infrared light having an absorption wavelength determined from the molecular structure of the gas to be detected.
- the gas sensor includes the infrared radiation element A as the infrared radiation source 11, the life of the entire sensor can be extended.
- the infrared radiation element A has excellent responsiveness, the time required for the radiation amount to reach a predetermined amount to a predetermined space is short, and the light receiving element 12 An accurate signal corresponding to the density can be output. If the control circuit is provided with wavelength adjusting means for changing the voltage applied to the heat generating layer 3 and changing the wavelength of infrared rays emitted from the heat generating layer 3, it will be possible to measure the concentration of various types of gases. Become.
- the heat generating layer 3 is formed based on porous silicon, but the heat generating layer 3 is not limited to this.
- the heat generating layer 3 may be formed of a carbon layer to which conductivity is imparted by doping of impurities.
- the carbon layer various types of carbon layers such as amorphous carbon, graphite, graphite-like carbon, diamond, diamond-like carbon, etc. can be used.In particular, if graphite or graphite-like carbon is used, amorphous carbon is used. The resistance of the carbon layer can be reduced as compared with the case where carbon, diamond, diamond-like carbon, or the like is employed.
- the heating layer 3 may be formed of an amorphous silicon layer provided with conductivity by doping of impurities.
- the doping concentration of impurities on the surface side is higher than that on the heat insulating layer 2 side.
- the current flowing through the heat generating layer 3 is more likely to flow on the surface side of the heat generating layer 3, so that the effective thickness of the heat generating layer 3 is thinner than in the case where the amorphous silicon layer is uniformly doped throughout.
- an amorphous semiconductor layer made of a semiconductor material other than Si may be used instead of the amorphous silicon layer.
- the conductivity type of the silicon substrate used as the semiconductor substrate 1 may be either p-type or n-type. However, the p-type silicon substrate is more porous when anodized. Since the porosity tends to increase easily, it is preferable to use a p-type silicon substrate as the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the current density when anodizing a part of the semiconductor substrate 1 may be appropriately set according to the conductivity type and the conductivity of the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the material of the semiconductor substrate 1 is not limited to Si, but may be, for example, another semiconductor material such as Ge, SiC, GaP, GaAs, and InP, which can be made porous by anodizing.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005515014A JP4449906B2 (ja) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | 赤外線放射素子およびそれを用いたガスセンサ |
DE602004027521T DE602004027521D1 (de) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | Infrarotes licht emittierendes bauelement und gassensor damit |
US10/576,951 US7378656B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | Infrared radiation element and gas sensor using it |
AT04793026T ATE470234T1 (de) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | Infrarotes licht emittierendes bauelement und gassensor damit |
EP04793026A EP1679735B1 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | Infrared light emitting device and gas sensor using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003366366 | 2003-10-27 | ||
JP2003-366366 | 2003-10-27 | ||
JP2004156835 | 2004-05-26 | ||
JP2004-156835 | 2004-05-26 |
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WO2005041246A1 true WO2005041246A1 (ja) | 2005-05-06 |
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PCT/JP2004/015914 WO2005041246A1 (ja) | 2003-10-27 | 2004-10-27 | 赤外線放射素子およびそれを用いたガスセンサ |
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US (1) | US7378656B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1679735B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4449906B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100770378B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE470234T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004027521D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005041246A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006329732A (ja) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 赤外線放射素子 |
WO2007139022A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-06 | Nalux Co., Ltd. | 赤外光源およびその製造方法 |
CN100404408C (zh) * | 2005-11-16 | 2008-07-23 | 华东师范大学 | 一种非制冷红外探测器隔热衬底制作方法 |
JP2008169484A (ja) * | 2007-01-08 | 2008-07-24 | Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Yonsei Univ | 多孔性シリコン及びその製造方法 |
WO2019225726A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | 積層型ふく射光源 |
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WO2017047301A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒータ装置 |
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- 2004-10-27 US US10/576,951 patent/US7378656B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-27 EP EP04793026A patent/EP1679735B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-27 KR KR1020067008002A patent/KR100770378B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-27 JP JP2005515014A patent/JP4449906B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602004027521D1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
US7378656B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 |
ATE470234T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
JP4449906B2 (ja) | 2010-04-14 |
KR100770378B1 (ko) | 2007-10-26 |
EP1679735A4 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
EP1679735B1 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
EP1679735A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
JPWO2005041246A1 (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
US20070090293A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
KR20060058149A (ko) | 2006-05-29 |
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