WO2005033182A1 - スルホン酸化芳香族ポリエーテル、その製造方法及び電解質膜 - Google Patents
スルホン酸化芳香族ポリエーテル、その製造方法及び電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/20—Polysulfones
- C08G75/23—Polyethersulfones
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
- C08G65/4056—(I) or (II) containing sulfur
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2371/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2371/12—Polyphenylene oxides
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- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
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- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel sulfonated aromatic polyether, a method for producing the same, and an electrolyte membrane.
- a fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical reaction energy of oxygen and hydrogen into electric energy, and is promising as a clean next-generation energy source that does not generate greenhouse gases or harmful substances.
- PEFCs polymer electrolyte fuel cells
- DMFCs direct methanol fuel cells
- PEFC and DMFC are usually operated at a temperature of 80 ° C or lower. To improve performance, it is necessary to operate at 120 ° C or higher in terms of catalyst activity, catalyst poisoning, and waste heat utilization. desirable.
- the electrolyte membrane used for PEFC and DMFC is an ion exchange membrane that allows only protons to pass through when wet.
- fluorine-based electrolyte membranes membrane of perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid polymer such as naphion, aciplex, flemion
- there are also problems such as permeation of fuel gas and high cost, and these are major factors preventing high performance of the fuel cell.
- aromatic polyether is considered as one of the promising structures as a basic skeleton.
- the power of developing a large number of aromatic polyether electrolytes For example, polyether sulfone having a sulfonic acid group (JP-A-2003-31232) and polyether ketone (JP-A-06-49202) have been reported. Conductivity at 100 ° C or higher and oxidation / hydrolysis stability are not sufficient.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a sulfonated aromatic polyether suitable for an electrolyte of a fuel cell in order to increase the output of a fuel cell, and a method for producing the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an excellent electrolyte membrane using the sulfonated aromatic polyether.
- the present inventors have attempted to introduce an ionic functional group, ie, a sulfonic acid group, into an aromatic polyether having excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance. Thus, it is considered that a proton conductive membrane having low cost and excellent durability can be obtained.
- the present inventors have found a method for producing a sulfonated aromatic polyether having a sulfonic acid group only in a fluorenyl group in a side chain. This sulfonic acid aromatic aromatic polyether has a very clearly defined sulfonic acid group introduction site, and has no sulfonic acid group in the aromatic ring in the main chain.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific example of Ar and FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an NMR ⁇ vector of the compound obtained in Test Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an NMR ⁇ vector of the compound obtained in Test Example 4.
- the present invention is a sulfonated aromatic polyetherenoate, wherein the basic skeleton is represented by the general formula (1).
- Ar and Ar are aromatic ring groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and Ar and Ar are
- the aromatic ring-containing group contains an aromatic ring that is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and a plurality of the fluorene groups in the aromatic ring-containing group are N
- a hydrogen atom of the aromatic ring may be an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, It may be substituted with a substituent such as a sulfonate group.
- x and y are integers of 0 to 3 and represent the degree of sulfonation. However, this excludes the case where both the X and y forces are 0.
- n and m are integers of 2 or more and represent the degree of polymerization.
- a specific basic skeleton is preferably a sulfonated aromatic polyester represented by the general formula (2).
- x and y are integers of 0 to 3 and represent a sulfonation degree. However, this excludes the case where both the x and y forces are 0.
- n and m are integers of 2 or more and represent the degree of polymerization.
- Ar represents a sulfonated fluorenyldiphenylene group.
- the present invention is a sulfonated aromatic polyether having a basic skeleton represented by the general formula (3).
- Ar is an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein the aromatic ring group includes an aromatic ring that is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and In the aromatic ring group, a plurality of the phenyl groups may be bonded via a heteroatom such as N, 0, S, a ketone group, a sulfone group or an aliphatic group. May be substituted with a substituent such as an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, or a sulfonic acid group.
- x and y are integers of 0 to 3 and represent a sulfonation degree. However, this excludes cases where both the X and y forces are 0.
- n is an integer of 2 or more and represents the degree of polymerization.
- a specific basic skeleton is preferably a sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the general formula (4).
- x and y are integers of 0 to 3 and represent a degree of sulfonation. However, this excludes the case where both the x and y forces are 0.
- n is an integer of 2 or more and represents the degree of polymerization.
- the present invention provides a method characterized in that only the side chain of the aromatic polyether represented by the general formula (5) is sulfonated.
- Ar and Ar are aromatic ring groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and Ar and Ar
- the aromatic ring-containing group contains an aromatic ring that is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and a plurality of the fluorene groups in the aromatic ring-containing group are N
- a hydrogen atom of the aromatic ring may be an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, It may be substituted with a substituent such as a sulfonate group.
- n and m are integers of 2 or more and represent the degree of polymerization.
- the present invention is characterized in that only the side chain of the aromatic polyether is sulfonated, and the general formula A sulfonated fluorenyldiphenol compound represented by (6),
- x and y are integers from 0 to 3 and represent the degree of sulfonation, except when both the RX and y forces are 0.
- R is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth A metal-like atom, an alkyl group or an alkylsulfur group) and a dihalo aromatic compound represented by the general formula (7):
- ⁇ ⁇ is an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- the aromatic ring group includes an aromatic ring that is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group
- the aromatic group includes A part of the aromatic ring in which a plurality of the phenylene groups may be bonded via a hetero atom such as N, 0, S, a ketone group, a sulfone group or an aliphatic group in the ring group; May be substituted with a substituent such as an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, or a sulfonic acid group.
- X is a halogen element such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- Ar is an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- the aromatic ring is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and in the aromatic ring group, a plurality of the phenyl groups are a hetero atom such as N, 0, S, a ketone group, a sulfone group or A part of hydrogen atoms of the aromatic ring which may be bonded via an aliphatic group may be substituted with a substituent such as an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, or a sulfonic acid group. . ) Is polycondensed.
- the problem is solved by using the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention or the sulfonated aromatic polyether produced by the method for producing a sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention.
- the resulting electrolyte membrane can be obtained.
- the present invention by introducing an ionic functional group into an aromatic polyether having excellent heat resistance and anti-drag resistance stability, it has become possible to obtain a proton conductive membrane having excellent durability at low cost. Further, the present invention provides a novel method for producing a sulfonated aromatic polyether, which has a sulfonic acid group only in a fluorenyl group in a side chain.
- the site of introduction of the sulfonic acid group is very clearly defined, and the aromatic ring in the main chain has no sulfonic acid group at all. For this reason, the electrolyte membrane of the present invention is excellent both in proton conductivity at 100 ° C. or higher and oxidation / hydrolysis stability! / Pull! ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Has advantages.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention is represented by the above general formula (1).
- Ar and Ar are independently selected, and may be the same or different.
- Ar may not be the same, and a plurality of substituents may be mixed.
- a sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the above general formula (2) is preferred.
- the number and position of the sulfonic acid groups in the structural formula of the general formula (2) are not particularly limited, but the sulfonated aromatic compound having the sulfonic acid group bonded to the position shown in the following formula (9) Polyethers are preferred.
- the molecular weight of the sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the general formulas (1), (2) and (9) is not particularly limited, but is at least a weight average molecular weight due to the mechanical strength of the electrolyte membrane. Is preferably 5000 or more! / ,.
- n and m in the general formulas (1), (2) and (9) are preferably smaller than nZm force 55 and larger than 10/90.
- the present invention is not limited to this range.
- nZm is smaller than 95 Z5
- the water resistance of the sulfonated aromatic polyether is improved
- nZm is larger than 10/90
- proton conductivity can be improved. More preferably, it is 90Z10 or less and 30Z70 or more.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention is a copolymer having a degree of polymerization of n or m of the polymerized unit represented by the general formulas (1), (2) and (9).
- the order of these two polymer units may be either regular (block copolymer, alternating copolymer) or irregular (random copolymer).
- Ar is sulfonated fluorenyldiphenyl-
- the case is a sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the above general formula (3), but it is preferable in the present invention to have a structure of the general formula (3).
- the number and position of sulfonic acid groups in the structural formula of the general formula (3) are not particularly limited, but the sulfonic acid aromatic aromatic compound having a sulfonic acid group bonded to the position shown in the following formula (10) Polyethers are preferred.
- the molecular weight of the sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the general formulas (3) and (10) is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight is at least 5,000 or more due to the mechanical strength of the electrolyte membrane. Is preferred,.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether represented by the general formula (1) can be obtained by sulfonating the aromatic polyether represented by the general formula (5).
- sulfone oxidizing agent sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid, sulfuric anhydride, and sulfuric acid can be used.
- the sulfone oxidizing agent is not limited to these acids.
- the sulfonidation reaction can be carried out in the absence of a solvent, but can also be carried out in the presence of a solvent.
- a solvent used here include hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, benzene, toluene, and xylene; dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, trichlorophenol, Halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as 1,1,2-trichloro mouth-1,2,2-trifluoroethylene; and nitrogen-containing solvents such as nitromethane, nitroethane, nitropropane, nitrobenzene, and the like.
- the solvent is not limited to those listed above.
- a solvent generally used for a Fryddel Crafts reaction or the like can be used. The most preferred solvent is dichloromethane.
- the concentration of the aromatic polyether in the sulfonating reaction is generally O.lmM-5M, preferably 5mM-1M, depending on the sulfonating agent or solvent. However, the concentration of the aromatic polyether in the sulfonidation reaction is not limited to this range.
- the reaction time varies remarkably depending on conditions such as the kind and concentration of the aromatic polyether to be used, the reaction temperature, the sulfone oxidizing agent, the solvent and the like, but is usually 0.1 to 200 hours, preferably 2 to 80 hours. Time. However, the reaction time is not limited to this range.
- the temperature of this reaction is from -50 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from 0 ° C to 60 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is not limited to this range.
- the reaction pressure is not particularly limited, and may be increased or reduced as necessary. Usually, the reaction can be carried out at normal pressure or at the pressure of the reaction system. If necessary, the reaction can be carried out under pressure using a mixed gas with a diluent gas or the like which does not hinder the sulfonation reaction.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention can also be obtained by polycondensation of a sulfonated fluorenyl diphenol compound, a dihalo aromatic compound, and a dihydroxy aromatic compound.
- the sulfonated fluorenyl diphenol compound used in the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula (6).
- R is a hydrogen atom; an alkali metal atom such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium; an alkaline earth metal atom such as magnesium, calcium, strontium, and sodium; a carbamoyl group; Methylcarbamoyl group, ethylcarbamoyl group An alkylsulfoyl group such as a methanesulfol group or an ethanesulfol group. From the viewpoint of polymerization reactivity, a hydrogen atom, a potassium atom, or a propyl rubamoyl group is preferred.
- the dihalo aromatic compound used in the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula (7).
- Ar is an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein the aromatic ring group contains an aromatic ring that is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and the aromatic ring group In which a plurality of the phenyl groups may be bonded via a hetero atom such as N, 0, S, a ketone group, a sulfone group or an aliphatic group; The atom may be substituted with a substituent such as an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, or a sulfonic acid group. Specific examples are the same as Ar in the above general formula (1).
- X is a halogen element such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. From the viewpoint of polymerizability, fluorine or chlorine is preferred.
- the dihydroxy aromatic compound used in the present invention is a compound represented by the general formula (8).
- Ar is an aromatic ring group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- the aromatic ring is a phenyl group or a naphthylene group, and in the aromatic ring group, a plurality of the phenyl groups are a hetero atom such as N, 0, S, a ketone group, a sulfone group or A part of hydrogen atoms of the aromatic ring which may be bonded via an aliphatic group may be substituted with a substituent such as an aliphatic group, a halogen atom, a perfluoroaliphatic group, or a sulfonic acid group. .
- Specific examples are the same as Ar in the above general formula (1).
- the polycondensation reaction is performed in a polar aprotic solvent.
- the polar aprotic solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, pyridine, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-cyclohexylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, etc. It is not limited to the polar aprotic solvents listed above. Among them, N, N-dimethylacetamide and dimethylsulfoxide are particularly preferred. Two or more polar aprotic solvents may be used as a mixture.
- a mixture of a non-polar, aliphatic, alicyclic or preferably aromatic solvent such as toluene, xylene, cyclobenzene or o-cyclobenzene and a polar aprotic solvent may also be used.
- a non-polar, aliphatic, alicyclic or preferably aromatic solvent such as toluene, xylene, cyclobenzene or o-cyclobenzene and a polar aprotic solvent
- the volume ratio of the polar aprotic solvent is preferably 50% or more.
- a basic catalyst may be added! / ⁇ .
- Basic catalysts include carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, cesium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate; lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, water Metal hydroxides such as potassium sulphide; and phosphates such as sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
- the basic catalyst is not limited to the above range. Potassium carbonate is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the basic catalyst depends on the amount of the dihydroxy aromatic compound to be reacted. In the case of carbonate catalysts, more than the amount of OH groups present in the reaction mixture is preferably used, more preferably a 1.2-fold excess.
- reaction is carried out at 50-300 ° C, particularly preferably 100-200 ° C.
- the choice of reaction temperature should be adapted to the boiling point of the solvent (or solvent mixture) used, but the temperature may be above the boiling point under pressurized conditions using an autoclave.
- the electrolyte membrane of the present invention is made of a polymer material containing the above sulfonated aromatic polyether as a main component. That is, the present electrolyte membrane is obtained by forming the polymer material by an appropriate method.
- the method of forming the polymer material is not particularly limited.A casting method in which a solution is cast on a flat plate, a method in which a solution is applied on a flat plate using a die coater, a comma coater, or the like, a method in which a molten polymer material is stretched, etc. Alternatively, a method generally used in this technical field can be adopted.
- the above sulfonated aromatic polyether may be used alone, or may be used as a mixture with another polymer electrolyte or the like.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether and the electrolyte membrane of the present invention have a structure in which only a fluorenyl group in a side chain has a sulfonic acid group, there are various advantages. Having. Specifically, since the hydrophobic property in the vicinity of the polyether main chain is maintained, the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention is excellent in the acid stability and the hydrolysis stability. ing.
- the bulkiness is high, and since a fluorenyl group is introduced, a space capable of holding water molecules is formed, so that the polymer exhibits high proton conductivity.
- An electrolyte composed of a hydrocarbon skeleton generally has lower acidity than a fluorine electrolyte membrane, and therefore has a lower proton conductivity. For this reason, in order to improve proton conductivity, it is necessary to introduce a large number of acidic groups, but this reduces water resistance.
- the polyether electrolyte of the present invention there is a space for confining water molecules formed by the fluorene skeleton, which increases the dissociation of acidic groups and secures a proton conduction path. Shows ton conductivity.
- the conductivity does not decrease even at 100 ° C. or more, where water molecules evaporate and evaporate and escape.
- the selection range of the aromatic polyether is widened, and copolymerization is performed by selecting an inexpensive raw material monomer that is required, or sulfonation is performed by selecting a polymer.
- the film itself is simple, and the membrane price can be reduced to a production cost of 1500 yen / m 2 or less.
- the resulting precipitate is collected by suction filtration, washed with pure water at 80 ° C for 3 hours, washed with methanol, and vacuum-dried at 60 ° C for 15 hours to obtain 0.55 g of a white fibrous aromatic polyether. was gotten.
- the aromatic polyether obtained in Reference Example 2 was dissolved in 50 mL of dehydrated dichloromethane (manufactured by Kanto Idani Gakkai) and placed in a 100 mL eggplant-shaped flask. 10 mL of 0.1 M dichloromethane-sulfuric acid dichloromethane solution was placed in the dropping funnel. When a sulfuric acid solution was added dropwise to the above aromatic polyether solution, a pale red precipitate was obtained. The reaction was allowed to proceed at 40 ° C for 5 hours while stirring. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was dropped into hexane, and the obtained precipitate was collected by suction filtration.
- FIG. 3 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of this compound. From the integrated value of the NMR ⁇ vector, it was confirmed that 0.15 sulfonic acid groups were introduced per fluorine group (sulfonation rate 15%, ion exchange capacity 0.57meq / g). In the same procedure as above, sulfonation was performed using 15 mL, 20 mL, and 30 mL of 0.1 M dichloromethane-sulfuric acid dichloromethane solution (Test Example 5 (sulfonation rate 25%, ion exchange capacity 0.92 meq / g). Test Example 6 (sulfonation rate 38%, ion exchange capacity 1.35meq / g), Test Example 7 (sulfonation rate 53%, ion exchange capacity 1.71meq / g)). (Test Example 8)
- Film formation was performed by a solution casting method.
- the above sulfonated aromatic polyether was dissolved in N, N-dimethylacetamide so as to have a concentration of wtwt%. This solution was cast on a glass plate. After drying under normal pressure at 60 ° C for 12 hours, the film was further dried under vacuum at 80 ° C for 12 hours to obtain a film. This film was immersed in 1N aqueous nitric acid for 12 hours (acid treatment step). This acid treatment step was repeated twice more. Thereafter, the membrane was washed with pure water at 60 ° C, and vacuum-dried at 80 ° C for 15 hours to obtain an electrolyte membrane. This was used as a test sample for each test.
- test sample was heated at 80 ° C in a Fenton solution (3% aqueous hydrogen peroxide containing 2 ppm ferrous sulfate). The appearance of the test sample was observed over time. The time at which the sample film began to dissolve and the time at which it completely dissolved were recorded.
- test sample was left at 140 ° C. in an atmosphere of 100% relative humidity for 24 hours.
- the change in molecular weight of the test sample was measured.
- the molecular weight indicates a weight average molecular weight (Mw) measured by the GPC method, and was a converted value using a standard polystyrene sample.
- the value of the proton conductivity was higher when the value of the ion exchange capacity was larger! /.
- the proton conductivity showed a value higher than 0.1 lSZcm.
- the sulfonated copolymerized aromatic polyether described in JP-A-2003-147074 is different from the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention.
- the fact that the sulfonic acid group is not introduced only into the side chain fluorenyl group is also shown in the NMR spectrum data!
- JP-A-2003-147074 when the electrolyte membrane was immersed in water at 65 ° C. for 3 days and the form of the membrane was visually observed, it was shown to be stable.
- the conditions adopted in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-147074 are as follows.
- the oxidation stability (2 ppm of ferrous sulfate This is a very mild condition compared to the conditions of a contained 3% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution at 80 ° C and resistance to hydrolysis (140 ° C in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 100%).
- the test sample produced according to Example 1 of JP-A-2003-147074 was dissolved in water even at room temperature, and the film completely collapsed under the condition of 100% relative humidity and 140 ° C. That is, it is clear that the test samples described in the examples of the present invention can withstand more severe conditions than the test samples described in JP-A-2003-147074.
- the proton conductivity of the test sample described in JP-A-2003-147074 is reported to be 0.21 SZcm under the conditions of 80 ° C and a relative humidity of 95% (JP-A-2003-147074, Table 1). ).
- the proton conductivity of the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present example is higher than that of the test sample described in JP-A-2003-147074 under higher temperature conditions (120 ° C. and 100% relative humidity). The value is more than twice as high.
- the sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present example was excellent in oxidation resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and proton conductivity.
- a sulfonic acid having a sulfonic acid group only in a side chain fluorenyl group can be obtained by subjecting a raw material polymer having a function corresponding to required characteristics to sulfonic acid or copolymerizing a sulfonic acid monomer.
- An aromatic polyether was provided.
- INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The sulfonated aromatic polyether of the present invention has higher physical properties and durability than conventional membranes, and thus is useful in applications such as raw materials for proton conductive membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. It is.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
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JP2005514473A JP4706023B2 (ja) | 2003-10-02 | 2004-10-01 | スルホン酸化芳香族ポリエーテル、その製造方法及び電解質膜 |
EP04791980A EP1669392B1 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2004-10-01 | Sulfonated aromatic polyethers, process for production thereof, and electrolyte membranes |
DE602004030358T DE602004030358D1 (de) | 2003-10-02 | 2004-10-01 | Sulfonierte aromatische polyether, herstellungsverfahren dafür und elektrolytmembranen |
US10/574,492 US20070010631A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 | 2004-10-01 | Sulfonated aromatic polyethers, process for production thereof, and electrolyte membranes |
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JP2003-344782 | 2003-10-02 | ||
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US (1) | US20070010631A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1669392B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4706023B2 (ja) |
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- 2004-10-01 KR KR1020067005975A patent/KR100748049B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2008521999A (ja) * | 2004-12-14 | 2008-06-26 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | スルホン化マルチブロック共重合体及びこれを用いた電解質膜 |
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JP2010229352A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Univ Of Yamanashi | 超強酸基を有する芳香族高分子電解質及びその利用 |
JP2011157456A (ja) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-18 | Kaneka Corp | スルホン化高分子化合物の製造方法 |
JP2011181278A (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Kaneka Corp | 高分子電解質、その製法およびその用途 |
JP2011190332A (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Kaneka Corp | 高分子電解質およびその利用 |
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EP1669392B1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR100748049B1 (ko) | 2007-08-09 |
KR20060087589A (ko) | 2006-08-02 |
JP4706023B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
EP1669392A4 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
US20070010631A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
DE602004030358D1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
JPWO2005033182A1 (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
EP1669392A1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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