WO2005025043A1 - 同期整流型dc−dcコンバータ - Google Patents
同期整流型dc−dcコンバータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005025043A1 WO2005025043A1 PCT/JP2004/008314 JP2004008314W WO2005025043A1 WO 2005025043 A1 WO2005025043 A1 WO 2005025043A1 JP 2004008314 W JP2004008314 W JP 2004008314W WO 2005025043 A1 WO2005025043 A1 WO 2005025043A1
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- voltage
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- transformer
- switching element
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter that improves switching efficiency by reducing switching loss in a secondary circuit.
- At least one main switching element connected to a DC power supply to constitute a primary circuit, a primary winding of a transformer, a secondary winding electromagnetically coupled to the primary winding of the transformer, At least one rectifying switching element connected between the next winding and the load to form a secondary circuit; and driving the rectifying switching element in synchronization with the switching operation of the main switching element to form a secondary.
- a synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter that supplies a DC output from a side circuit to a load is conventionally known as a high-efficiency switching power supply device.
- the conventional synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 14 includes first and second main MOS-FETs (first and second main switching elements) connected in series to a DC power supply (1).
- the circuit is composed of a secondary winding (4b, 4c) of a transformer (4), first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8), and first and second output rectifying diodes (9, 8). , 10) and the output smoothing capacitor (11) constitute a secondary circuit.
- the transformer (4) includes a driving winding (4d) electromagnetically coupled to the primary winding (4a), a leakage inductance (4e) connected in series with the primary winding (4a), and And the leakage inductance (4e) acts as a current-resonant rear turtle.
- the drive winding (4d) to which the rectifier diode (12) and the smoothing capacitor (13) are connected supplies DC power for driving to the drive power supply terminal (V) of the control circuit (21).
- the smoothing capacitor (13) is charged by the current flowing from the DC power supply (1) when the device is started, via the starting resistor (14) connected between the positive terminal of the DC power supply (1) and the smoothing capacitor (13). Then, the control circuit (21) is activated.
- a rectifier diode (15) and a smoothing capacitor (16) connected in series between the connection point of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) and the starting resistor (14) form a charge pump circuit. Between the power supply terminals (V, V) on the high side of the control circuit (21).
- An output voltage detection circuit (17) that detects the DC output voltage V is connected to both ends of the output smoothing capacitor (11), and is connected to the intermediate tap of the secondary winding (4b, 4c) of the transformer (4) and the output voltage detection circuit.
- a photodiode (19) constituting a photo power blur (18) is connected to the circuit (17).
- the detection output signal of the photodiode (19) is applied to a phototransistor (20) forming a photopower blur (18), and the phototransistor (20) is connected to a feedback signal input terminal (V ).
- the control circuit (21) includes an oscillator (22), a D flip-flop (23) for receiving an output of the oscillator (22), and a first flip-flop (23) connected to one output terminal of the D flip-flop (23). , A low-side buffer amplifier (25) that receives the output of the first dead-time circuit (24), and the other output of the D flip-flop (23) The second dead time addition circuit (26) connected to the terminal, the level conversion circuit (27) that receives the output of the second dead time addition circuit (26), and the output of the level conversion circuit (27) And a high-side buffer amplifier (28).
- the oscillator (22) is input to the feedback signal input terminal (V) via the photo power blur (18).
- the D flip-flop (23) receives the second drive pulse signal V on the high side from the pulse signal output from the oscillator (22) and the inverted signal of the second drive pulse signal V.
- the first drive pulse signal V on the side of the guide is generated.
- the low-side buffer amplifier (25) has a dead time Is applied to the gate of the first main M-S-FET (2).
- the second dead time circuit (26) adds a fixed dead time to the second drive pulse signal V output from the other output terminal of the D flip-flop (23).
- the conversion circuit (27) calculates the voltage level of the second drive pulse signal V to which the dead time has been added.
- the second side buffer amplifier (28) applies the second drive pulse signal V output from the level conversion circuit (27) to the gate of the second main MOS-FET (3).
- Gl G2 is applied to each gate of the first and second main M ⁇ S_FETs (2, 3), respectively, so that the first and second main The second main MS-FET (2, 3) can be turned on and off alternately.
- the gate of the first main M ⁇ S_FET (2) is connected to the first rectifying M ⁇ S-FET (7) via the first capacitor (29) and the first pulse transformer (31).
- the gate of the second main MOS-FET (3) is connected to the gate of the second rectifying MOS-FET (8) via the second capacitor (30) and the second NORE FLOW (34). ) Is connected to the gate. Therefore, the first drive pulse signal V output from the control circuit (21) is supplied to the first pulse transformer (31) via the first capacitor (29).
- the second winding (32) is input to the second winding (33), and the second winding (33) has the same waveform as the first drive pulse signal V
- 1 synchronous drive pulse signal V is generated and connected to the gate of the first rectifying MOS-FET (7).
- the second drive pulse signal V is supplied to the second drive pulse signal V via the second capacitor (30).
- a second synchronous drive pulse signal V having the same waveform as the second drive pulse signal V is generated from the secondary winding (36) and inputted to the primary winding (35) of the pulse transformer (34).
- the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 2) on the secondary side are synchronized with the ON / OFF operation of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) on the primary side. 8) are turned on and off, and a substantially constant level DC output voltage V generated between the output terminals of the secondary circuit is supplied to a load (not shown).
- the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) start on-off operation.
- the second main M ⁇ S_FET (3) is on, the DC power supply (1), the second main M ⁇ S_FET (3), the leakage inductance (4e) of the transformer (4), the primary winding ( 4a), the current I flows through the primary circuit through the path of the current resonance capacitor (5) and the DC power supply (1).
- Current I is the current resonance capacitor.
- the resonance current of the resonance frequency determined by the capacitance of the transformer (5) and the leakage inductance (4e) of the transformer (4) and the exciting current of the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4). .
- the second rectifying MOS-FET (8) is turned on in synchronization with the turning on of the second main MOS-FET (3), and the second rectifying MOS-FET (8) is turned on from the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4).
- a current I substantially similar to the above-described resonance current is supplied to the output smoothing capacitor (11) and a load (not shown). Flows.
- the exciting current of the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4) flowing through the second main MOS_FET (3) depends on the drain-source diagram of the first main M-S-FET (2). Not commutating to parasitic diodes.
- the current I flowing through the second main M ⁇ S_FET (3) has a polarity opposite to that of the current I flowing through the second main
- the first rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (7) is turned on in synchronization with the turning on of the first main M ⁇ S_FET (2), and the first rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (7) is turned on from the secondary winding (4b) of the transformer (4).
- a current I substantially similar to the above-described resonance current flows through the output smoothing capacitor (11) and a load (not shown).
- the switching frequency of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) is determined by the leakage inductance (4e) of the transformer (4) and the capacitance of the current resonance capacitor (5). Since the resonance frequency is higher than the resonance frequency, the DC output supplied to the load (not shown) can be limited by increasing the switching frequency of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3).
- a synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter having a configuration substantially similar to the above is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-23455 (page 5, FIG. 3)
- the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) of the secondary circuit of the transformer (4) are turned on.
- the transformers (4) and (4) are synchronized with the turn-on timing of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) of the primary circuit, respectively.
- SI S Does not coincide with the on-periods of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) of the secondary circuit. Therefore, during the period when no current flows through the first and second output rectifier diodes (9, 10) of the secondary side circuit, the first And the second rectifying M-S-FETs (7, 8) are turned on, so that the output smoothing capacitor (11) moves in the direction toward the secondary windings (4b, 4c) of the power transformer (4). A flowing reverse current is generated.
- This reverse current further becomes a circulating current that reciprocates between the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer (4), and the first and second primary M ⁇ S_FETs (2, 3) and 2
- the conversion efficiency of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter was reduced because unnecessary switching loss occurred in the first and second rectification MOS-FETs (7, 8) on the secondary side.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter that can reduce switching loss in a secondary circuit and improve conversion efficiency.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention is connected to a DC power supply (1) to form a primary circuit, at least one main switching element (2,3) and a primary of a transformer (4). At least a secondary circuit connected between a winding (4a), a secondary winding (4b, 4c) electromagnetically coupled to a primary winding (4a) of a transformer (4), and a load; One rectifying switching element (7, 8), current detecting means (51) for detecting the current (I, 1) flowing through the primary side circuit, and the exciting current of the transformer (4)
- Bias means (53, 54) for generating a bias voltage (V, V) larger than the voltage corresponding to
- the detection voltage (V) of the current detection means (51) is equal to the bias voltage (V, V) of the bias means (53, 54).
- a DC output (V) is supplied from the secondary side circuit to the load.
- the detected voltage (V) of the current detecting means (51) is higher than the voltage corresponding to the exciting current of the transformer (4).
- Rectifier switch in synchronization with the primary circuit current (I, 1) excluding the exciting current component of the transformer (4).
- the switching elements (7, 8) are driven. As a result, the rectified output current (I
- Another synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention is configured such that a current (I , 1) and a biasing means for generating bias voltages (V, V).
- comparing means for driving the rectifying switching element (7, 8) when the voltage exceeds the threshold voltage.
- another synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention comprises a current detection means (51) for detecting a current (I, 1) flowing through a primary circuit, and a bias voltage (V, V).
- the waveform of the tilt signal (V) of the tilt signal generating means is
- the rectifying switching elements (7, 8) can be efficiently driven.
- the rectifying switching element by driving the rectifying switching element when the detection voltage of the current detection means exceeds the bias voltage of the bias means which is higher than the voltage corresponding to the excitation current of the transformer, the excitation current component of the transformer is obtained.
- the rectifier switching element of the secondary circuit is driven in synchronization with the current of the primary circuit.
- the rectifying switching element is driven in proportion to the rectified output current flowing in the secondary circuit, so that power loss due to unnecessary circulating current does not occur and the rectifying switching element in the secondary circuit is generated.
- the conversion efficiency of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter can be improved by minimizing the power loss that occurs.
- the transformer excitation current component included in the primary-side circuit current detected by the current detection unit will have a gradient. Since the signals are canceled by each other, the rectifying switching element must be driven efficiently in proportion to the rectified output current flowing through the secondary circuit. Can do. Since the bias voltage of the bias means may be any bias voltage including a range smaller than the exciting current component of the transformer, there is an advantage that the bias voltage of the bias means can be set to a low value.
- FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment in which a synchronous rectification type DC—DC converter according to the present invention is applied to a current resonance type synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 2 Time chart showing the relationship between the detection voltage of the current detection resistor in Fig. 1 and the synchronous drive pulse signal of each rectifying MOS-FET.
- FIG. 3 is a waveform chart showing voltage and current of each part in FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 An electric circuit diagram showing a modified embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 An electric circuit diagram showing a modified embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter of FIG. 6] An electric circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a waveform chart showing voltages at various parts in FIG. 6
- FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a waveform chart showing voltages at various parts in FIG.
- FIG. 10 An electric circuit diagram showing a modified embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 11 An electric circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 12 An electric circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment in which the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter of the fourth embodiment is changed.
- FIG. 13 An electric circuit diagram showing a modification of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 14 An electric circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 15 Waveform diagrams showing the voltage and current of each part in FIG.
- bias means Second DC bias power supply (bias means), (55) ⁇ 'First comparator (first comparison means), (56) ⁇ First buffer amplifier, (57) ⁇ Second comparator (second comparing means), (58) second buffer amplifier, (59) bias power supply, (60) operational amplifier (frequency signal generating means), (61) (62) ⁇ , Resistors, (67,68,70) resistors, (69) bias power supplies,
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 12 substantially the same parts as those shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the first embodiment of the present invention detects a current I, 1 flowing in a primary circuit of a transformer (4). Becomes current detection means
- a current detection transformer (CT: Current Transformer) (51), a current detection resistor (52) that converts the detection current of the current detection transformer (51) to the corresponding voltage V, and an excitation of the transformer (4)
- Bias means for generating a bias voltage V, ⁇ greater than the voltage corresponding to the magnetic current
- the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) and the detection voltage V of the current detection resistor (52) input to the non-inverting input terminal (+) are input to the inverting input terminal (-).
- the first DC bias power supplies (53, 54) and the detection voltage V of the current detection resistor (52) input to the non-inverting input terminal (+) are input to the inverting input terminal (-).
- the first rectifying MOSFET (7) is turned on.
- the first synchronous driving pulse signal V to be set to the first state is output.
- the detection voltage V of the first buffer amplifier (56) applied to the gate of the MOS-FET (7) and the current detection resistor (52) input to the inverting input terminal (-) is applied to the non-inverting input terminal (+).
- Second comparing means for outputting the second synchronous drive pulse signal V for turning on the FET (8)
- the first DC bias power supply (53) has a cathode terminal grounded and an anode terminal connected to the inverting input terminal (-) of the first comparator (55).
- the second DC bias power supply (54) has an anode terminal grounded and a cathode terminal connected to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the second comparator (57).
- the two black points on the right end of the current detection transformer (51) are between the connection point of the first and second main MOS-FETs (2, 3) and the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4).
- both ends of the current detection resistor (52) change in proportion to the detection current of the current detection transformer (51) with the ground (ground) voltage of 0 V as a reference potential as shown in FIG. Voltage V
- the detection voltage V of the current detection resistor (52) is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second comparator (57).
- the second synchronous drive pulse of the high voltage (H) level is supplied from the second comparator (57) to the gate of the second rectifying MOS-FET (8) through the second buffer amplifier (58).
- the second rectifying M-S-FET (8) is turned on.
- the output smoothing capacitor (11) is connected from the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) through the parallel circuit of the second output rectifier diode (10) and the second rectifying MOS-FET (8).
- a current I substantially similar to the above-described resonance current flows through a load (not shown).
- the resonance current of the resonance frequency determined by the leakage inductance (4e) of the transformer (4) and the excitation current of the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4) is determined by the leakage inductance (4e) of the transformer (4) and the excitation current of the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4).
- the current I— flowing through the primary circuit is The current is detected by the current detecting transformer (51), and is further converted to a voltage V corresponding to the detected current by the current detecting resistor (52). In other words, both ends of the current detection resistor (52)
- a voltage V that changes in proportion to the detection current of the current detection transformer (51) is generated with the ground (ground) voltage 0V as the reference potential.
- the detection voltage V of the current detection resistor (52) is equal to the bias voltage of the first DC bias power supply (53).
- the first synchronous drive pulse signal V at a high voltage (H) level is applied to the gate of the first rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (7) through the ) Turns on
- the output smoothing capacitor (11) is connected from the secondary winding (4b) of the transformer (4) through the parallel circuit of the first output rectifier diode (9) and the first rectifying MOS-FET (7).
- a current I substantially similar to the above-described resonance current flows through a load (not shown).
- the voltages V and V between the drain and source of the main MOS-FETs (2, 3) are the capacitors for voltage quasi-resonance.
- (B) and (C) are respectively the voltage V between the drain and the source of the first main M-S-FET (2),
- the current I, 1 flowing through the primary circuit of the transformer (4) is
- the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) are driven in synchronization with the primary circuit currents I and 1 excluding the exciting current component of the transformer (4).
- the second rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (7, 8) Since the second rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (7, 8) is driven, power loss due to unnecessary circulating current does not occur. Therefore, the power loss generated by the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) that constitute the secondary circuit is minimized, and the conversion efficiency of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter is improved. can do. In addition, since it is a current resonance type synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter, the voltage applied to the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) of the secondary circuit is supplied to a load (not shown). Can be limited to twice the DC output voltage V. others
- FIG. 1 compares the first and second comparator voltages (55, 57) with the first and second comparators (55, 57), respectively.
- the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) are compared with the current detection resistor (52) and the first and second comparisons, respectively. (55, 57) in series, and the detection voltage V of the current detection resistor (52) is connected to the first DC bus.
- the bias voltage V is shifted to the negative side by the bias voltage V of the
- the detected voltage V is compared with the ground (ground) voltage 0V by the first and second comparators (55, 57).
- the first and second comparators (55, 57) are driven by power supplies that generate positive and negative outputs, respectively. Since it is often driven by a power supply that generates the output of the first and second comparators, another bias power supply (59) is connected to the reference voltage input side of the first and second comparators (55, 57) as shown in FIG. Ground which is the reference potential so as not to exceed the input voltage range of one of the comparators (55, 57) It is desirable to shift the voltage OV by the bias power supply (59). In each case shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the obtained operation and effect are substantially the same as those of the circuit of FIG.
- the first embodiment can be changed.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the second embodiment of the present invention synchronizes with the frequency of the voltage generated in the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) as shown in FIG.
- a frequency signal generating means for outputting the pulse signal V is configured.
- the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the operational amplifier (60) is connected to the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4), and the inverting input terminal (-) is connected to the ground terminal of the secondary circuit.
- a rectangular pulse signal V whose polarity alternates at the frequency of the voltage generated in the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier (60).
- the integrating capacitor (62) is charged and discharged with a time constant determined by the product of the resistance value of the resistor (61) and the capacitance of the integrating capacitor (62).
- the gradient signal V synchronized with the frequency of the voltage of the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) is connected to the resistor (61) and the product.
- the resistor (61) and the integrating capacitor (62) that constitute the slope signal generating means input to the The gradient signal V generated at the connection point and the bias voltage V of the second DC bias power supply (54)
- the voltage of the gradient signal V generated at the connection point of the resistor (61) and the integration capacitor (62) shown in FIG. 7 (C) is applied to the bias voltage V of the second DC bias power supply (54). On the negative side
- a high voltage (H) is applied from the second comparator (57) to the gate of the second rectifying M ⁇ S_FET (8) through the second buffer amplifier (58).
- the second synchronous drive pulse signal V at the level is applied, and the second rectifying MOS-FET (8) is turned on.
- the current is detected by the current detection transformer (51), and is converted to the voltage V corresponding to the detected current by the current detection resistor (52). At this time, as shown in Fig. 7 (A), the ground (ground) voltage is 0V.
- connection point of the resistor (61) and the integration capacitor (62) that constitute the gradient signal generation means that is input to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the comparator (55) and input to the inverting input terminal (-) Superimposed signal of the voltage of the gradient signal V generated at the time and the bias voltage V of the first DC bias power supply (53)
- the first comparator (55) passes through the first buffer amplifier (56) to the gate of the first rectifying MOS-FET (7) at the high voltage (H) level.
- V synchronous drive pulse signal
- the resistance (61) forming the integration circuit of the tilt signal generation means and the product The voltage waveform of the ramp signal V generated at the connection point of the dividing capacitor (62) is the primary winding of the transformer (4).
- the first and second ratios are superimposed on the bias voltage V, V of the DC bias power supply (53, 54).
- the excitation current component of the transformer (4) included in the current I, 1 of the primary circuit detected by the current detection transformer (51) is canceled by forming a dead zone of the comparator (55,57). be able to
- the secondary side is synchronized with only the resonance current components of the currents I and 1 flowing through the primary side circuit.
- the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) of the circuit are turned on. Therefore, the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs are accurately proportional to the rectified output current I, 1 flowing through the secondary circuit.
- the bias voltages V and V of the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) include a range smaller than the exciting current component of the transformer (4).
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the third embodiment of the present invention synchronizes with the frequency of the voltage generated in the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) as shown in FIG.
- An operational amplifier (60) that constitutes a frequency signal generating means that outputs a pulse signal V, and an operational amplifier (60)
- Integral circuit that outputs a slope signal V whose slope is inverted every half cycle of the output pulse signal V
- the resistor (61) and the integrating capacitor (62) that constitute the circuit are added to the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 4, and the connection point of the resistor (61) and the integrating capacitor (62) is 52) is connected to the reference potential side (left side in the drawing).
- the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier (60) is connected to the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4), and the non-inverting input terminal (+) is connected to the ground terminal of the secondary circuit. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), a rectangular pulse signal V whose polarity alternates at the frequency of the voltage generated in the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4).
- P is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier (60), and is output by the output pulse signal V of the operational amplifier (60).
- the integration capacitor (62) is charged and discharged via the resistance (61) with a time constant determined by the product of the resistance value of the resistance (61) and the capacitance of the integration capacitor (62). As a result, as shown in FIG. 9 (C), the gradient signal V synchronized with the frequency of the voltage of the secondary winding (4c) of the transformer (4) becomes a resistance (61).
- the integrating capacitor (62) constitutes a tilt signal generating means for generating a tilt signal V proportional to a voltage corresponding to an exciting current flowing through the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4).
- the configuration is almost the same as the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG.
- the voltage of the slope signal V generated at the connection point of the resistance (61) and the integration capacitor (62) that constitute the slope signal generation means is used as a reference potential and is proportional to the detection current of the current detection transformer (51).
- the voltage that changes is generated. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 (D), the resistor (61) and the integrating capacitor (62) shown in FIG. 9 (C) are placed on the detection potential side (the right side in the drawing) of the current detecting resistor (52). ) And the voltage of the current detection resistor (52) shown in Fig. 9 (A).
- a voltage of the superimposed signal V + V with the detection voltage V is generated.
- the superimposed voltage V + V on the output potential side is supplied to the second comparator via the second DC bias power supply (54).
- the input voltage is input.
- the superimposed voltage V + V on the detection potential side of the current detection resistor (52) is supplied to the second DC bias voltage by the second comparator (57).
- the rectifying MOS-FET (8) is turned on.
- the voltage of the gradient signal V generated at the connection point of the resistor (61) and the integration capacitor (62) constituting the signal generation means is used as a reference potential in proportion to the detection current of the current detection transformer (51).
- a changing voltage is generated. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 (D), the resistor (61) and the integrating capacitor (62) shown in FIG. 9 (C) are placed on the detection potential side (right side in the drawing) of the current detecting resistor (52). ) And the current detection resistor (52) shown in Fig. 9 (A).
- the superimposed voltage V + V on the potential side is supplied to the first comparator via the first DC bias power supply (53).
- the input voltage is input.
- the superimposed voltage V + V on the detection potential side of the current detection resistor (52) is supplied to the first DC bias voltage by the first comparator (55).
- High voltage (H) level first synchronous drive noise from the first comparator (55) to the gate of the first rectifying M-S-FET (7) via the first buffer amplifier (56)
- the signal V is applied and the first
- the rectifying MOS-FET (7) is turned on. Except for the above operation, which is substantially the same as the operation of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 1, detailed description of the basic operation of the main circuit of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 8 is omitted.
- the voltage waveform of the gradient signal V generated at the connection point of the resistor (61) and the integration capacitor (62) constituting the integration circuit of the gradient signal generating means is the primary winding of the transformer (4).
- the superimposed signal V + V with the detection voltage V of the anti-power (52) is applied to the first and second DC bias power supplies.
- the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) of the secondary circuit are turned on. Therefore, the first and second rectification currents are accurately proportional to the rectification output current I, 1 flowing through the secondary circuit.
- MOS-FETs (7, 8) can be driven efficiently. Also, the bias voltages V, V of the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) fall within a range smaller than the exciting current component of the transformer (4). Since any bias voltage may be used, there is an advantage that the value can be set lower than in the first embodiment.
- substantially the same changes as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are possible. That is, when the first and second comparators (55, 57) are driven by a power supply that generates a single output in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG.
- the operational amplifier (60) constituting the tilt signal generating means is driven by another driving power supply (63).
- the connection position of the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) can be changed to the same position as the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is different from the control circuit shown in FIG. 8 in that a control circuit is used instead of the operational amplifier (60), the resistor (61), and the integrating capacitor (62).
- a waveform conversion circuit (64) as a waveform conversion means for converting a pulse signal output from the oscillator (22) in (21) into a gradient signal V whose gradient is inverted every half cycle of the pulse signal;
- the primary and secondary circuits of the transformer (4) are insulated by the first and second panoramases (31, 34), so that the primary and secondary There is an advantage that mutual interference between the side circuits hardly occurs.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is provided at both ends of a current resonance capacitor (5) instead of the current detection transformer (51) shown in FIG. straight
- the connection point of the shunt capacitor (65) and the voltage conversion resistor (66) connected to the column, the connection point of the shunt capacitor (65) and the voltage conversion resistor (66), and the first and second DC bias power supplies (A current detecting means is constituted by a resistor (67) connected between the connection points of the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54).
- a power supply (69) and a resistor (70) are connected in series, the polarities of the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) are inverted with each other, and the first and second comparators (55, 57) are The inverting input terminal (-) and the non-inverting input terminal (+) are interchanged.
- Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG.
- the current flowing through the current resonance capacitor (5) of the primary side circuit is detected by slightly diverting the current to the shunt capacitor (65), and the detected current is detected by the voltage conversion resistor ( The voltage is converted into a voltage by the above (66), and the detected voltage is superimposed on the first and second DC bias power supplies (53, 54) via the resistor (67).
- the current detection means can be configured with a capacitor and a resistor that are less expensive than the current detection transformer (51) shown in Fig. 11, and the currents I and 1 flowing through the primary circuit can be efficiently detected with low loss. There are advantages that can be done. Synchronous rectification type DC-DC shown in Fig. 8
- Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described five embodiments, and various modifications are possible.
- the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 5 can be modified as shown in FIG. That is, in the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13, the connection point between the primary winding (4a) of the transformer (4) and the current resonance capacitor (5) is connected to the drain of the second main MOS_FET (3). Another capacitor for voltage resonance (38) is connected between the drain and source of the second main MOS-FET (3).
- an external current resonance rear turtle (39) is connected in series with the primary winding (4a).
- SI S2 SCI SC2 The operation is almost the same as that of the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 5 except that the ON periods are interchanged and the drive circuit level is different. Therefore, in the synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13, substantially the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Also, the same changes as described above can be made in FIGS. 1, 4 and the second to fifth embodiments of the first embodiment. Also, instead of the first and second output rectifier diodes (9, 10) on the secondary side in the first to fifth embodiments, the first and second rectifying MOS-FETs (7, 8) The built-in diode between drain and source may be used.
- the primary circuit of the transformer (4) may be a full bridge type, a push-pull type, or a forward type, instead of a half bridge type. Furthermore, the rectifier circuit on the secondary side of the transformer (4) can be changed to a half-wave rectifier type.
- the effect of the present invention is remarkable for a synchronous rectification type DC-DC converter of a current resonance type.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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US10/569,861 US7330365B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2004-06-14 | Synchronous commutation DC-DC converter |
JP2005513596A JP4264837B2 (ja) | 2003-09-02 | 2004-06-14 | 同期整流型dc−dcコンバータ |
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JP2003-310350 | 2003-09-02 | ||
JP2003310350 | 2003-09-02 |
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US (1) | US7330365B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4264837B2 (ja) |
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JP2012019595A (ja) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-26 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | ドライブ信号生成回路、制御装置、スイッチング電源装置、および、制御方法 |
JP2012044853A (ja) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-01 | Skynet Electronics Co Ltd | 直列共振変換器 |
WO2016017257A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電力変換装置及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム |
JPWO2016017257A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2017-04-27 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電力変換装置及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム |
US10199867B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2019-02-05 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Power conversion device and wireless power transmission system |
JP2017028987A (ja) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-02-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 共振変換器における同期整流のための回路および方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4264837B2 (ja) | 2009-05-20 |
US7330365B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 |
JPWO2005025043A1 (ja) | 2007-10-04 |
US20070008757A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
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