Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
  • C07C67/31—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
  • C07C319/14—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides
  • C07C319/20—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides by reactions not involving the formation of sulfide groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
  • C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C323/62—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atom of at least one of the thio groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/09—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides from carboxylic acid esters or lactones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C07C69/62—Halogen-containing esters
  • C07C69/65—Halogen-containing esters of unsaturated acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C07C69/66—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
  • C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
  • C07C69/708—Ethers
  • C07C69/712—Ethers the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives substituted on one of the two phenyl groups, by a carboxyalkyloxy group or a carboxyalkylthio group.
• 1,3-diphenylpropen-1-ones are generally prepared by the condensation reaction of an aldehyde with a ketone according to the reaction of Claisen Schmidt (March J, 1992 "Advanced Organic Chemistry", Fourth Edition,
• 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones substituted by a carboxyalkyloxy group are obtained according to this method from the raw materials (aldehyde and ketone) chosen so that they are substituted by a carboxyalkyloxy group. or by the corresponding ester.
• R Alkyl
• R ' H, Alkyl
• the inventors have now designed a simple process to implement, making it possible to obtain the 1,3-diphenylpro-2-pene-1-ones substituted by a carboxyalkyloxy group or a carboxyalkylthio group, with high yields.
• the process differs from the synthesis previously described in that the carboxyalkyloxy or carboxyalkylthio function is introduced in the form of the tert-butyl or isopropyl ester by reaction with a derivative of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substituted by a hydroxyl or thiol group.
• the latter is generally obtained by the reaction of Claisen Schmidt.
• One of the means of the process according to the invention resides in the use of the acid-sensitive protective group of the carboxylic acid, for example of the tert-butyl or isopropyl type.
• the inventors have demonstrated that this group can be introduced and cleaved under conditions compatible with the chemical structure of diphenyl-1, 3-prop-2-en-1-ones. They took advantage of these advantages for the development of a new method of synthesis which is the subject of the invention.
• the 1,3-diphenyprop-2-en-1-ones substituted by a carboxyalkyloxy group or a carboxyalkylthio group thus obtained are of great interest in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic field. Indeed, these compounds have both properties of PPAR activators, antioxidants and anti-inflammatories and, as such, they have a high therapeutic or prophylactic potential and in particular are used to treat or prevent cerebrovascular pathologies , cardiovascular diseases, syndrome X, restenosis, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, inflammatory diseases, cancers or neoplasms (benign or malignant tumors), neurodegenerative, dermatological diseases and stress-related disorders oxidative, to prevent or treat the effects of aging in general and for example skin aging, in particular in the cosmetic field (the appearance of wrinkles, etc.).
• the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a process for the preparation of 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives substituted on one of the two phenyl groups by a carboxyalkyloxy or carboxyalkylthio group which is simple to implement and which makes it possible to '' achieve high yields.
• This step is advantageously carried out at a temperature between 25 and 120 ° C and more preferably between 80 and 120 ° C, preferably at atmospheric pressure, in the presence of a catalyst, such as potassium or cesium carbonate.
• a catalyst such as potassium or cesium carbonate.
• this step is repeated by adding several times halogenated compound of general formula (II) and optionally catalyst, such as potassium or cesium carbonate, advantageously until the 1,3-diphenylprop derivative disappears.
• halogenated compound of general formula (II) and optionally catalyst such as potassium or cesium carbonate
• the alkyl chain R of the halogen compound of general formula (II) denotes a saturated or unsaturated, linear or cyclic hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 24, preferably from 1 to 10 carbon members and very particularly a carbon atom.
• This chain can be substituted by one or more saturated, linear or cyclic hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, advantageously from 1 to 6 such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, neopentyl, n -hexyl and very particularly methyl.
• the protecting group for the carboxylic acid is chosen from acid-sensitive groups of C1 to C5 alkyl type (comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms) substituted at the level of the carbon atom linked to the carboxylic function. by one or two linear or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the protective group is more preferably chosen from tert-butyl and isopropyl groups.
• tert-butyl and isopropyl groups are used, but they should be understood as being able to be generalized to any other group protecting the carboxylic acid as defined above.
• the derivative of 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substituted with a hydroxyl or thiol group used in the context of step (i) described above is obtained by a Claisen Schmidt reaction in an acid medium or basic of a compound of acetophenone type with a thio- or hydroxy-benzaldehyde derivative, or of a thio- or hydroxy-acetophenone derivative with a derivative of benzaldehyde type.
• the method according to the invention comprises, subsequently to step (i) as described above, a step called (ii) for the preparation of the carboxyalkyloxy or carboxyalkylthio derivative of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1- one by acidolysis reaction of the ester obtained in step (i).
• This step (ii) can be summarized according to one of the following reaction schemes:
• this acidolysis step is carried out by contacting a 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative substituted by an alkyloxycarbonylalkyloxy or alkyloxycarbonylalkylthio group with trifluoroacetic acid.
• the amount of trifluoroacetic acid is from 1 to 20 equivalents, and preferably from 8 to 12 equivalents.
• This step is advantageously carried out at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C and more preferably from 18 to 25 ° C, and preferably at atmospheric pressure.
• the present invention therefore more specifically describes the preparation of 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones substituted by a carboxyalkyloxy group or a carboxyalkylthio group.
• the advantage of this method lies in the combination of two synthetic stages: synthesis of tert-butyl or isopropyl esters (or any other protective group) from 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones substituted on the one of the phenyl groups by a hydroxy or thiol group followed by the hydrolysis reaction of the intermediary prepared esters.
• the tert-butyloxycarbonylalkyl or isopropyloxycarbonylalkyl group is easily introduced, with a high yield by alkylation reaction of a chemical precursor (hydroxy-1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one or its sulfur equivalent) with a halogen derivative.
• the tertiary butyl or intermediate isopropyl ester obtained can be easily purified, in particular by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
• the tert-butyl or isopropyl ester is cleaved into the corresponding acid by the action of trifluoroacetic acid.
• This method suitable for cleavage of the tert-butyl or isopropyl group, makes it possible to obtain the total transformation of the ester into the corresponding acid.
• the inventors have discovered that this method is compatible with the chemical structure of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones. Consequently, it does not cause the appearance of degradation products and makes it possible to obtain the acids with higher yields than those conventionally observed.
• G O or S
• the compounds of the acetophenone, hydroxy-acetophenone (or its sulfur analog), benzaldehyde and hydroxy-benzaldehyde (or its sulfur analog) type used in this reaction can optionally be substituted on the phenyl groups.
• These substituents are more particularly chosen from a halogen atom, an alkyl radical, a thionitroso group, and an alkyloxy or alkylthio radical.
• the conditions for carrying out this reaction in an acidic or basic medium are within the reach of those skilled in the art and can vary to a large extent.
• the contacting of these two compounds is advantageously carried out in a stoichiometric manner. It is preferably carried out at room temperature (between about 18 ° C and 25 ° C) and at atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a strong base, such as an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, or an alkali metal alcoholate such as sodium ethylate.
• a strong base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, or an alkali metal alcoholate such as sodium ethylate.
• reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid.
• the ketone at 1 molar equivalent and the aldehyde at 1 molar equivalent are dissolved in a hydroalcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide at 20 molar equivalents.
• the whole is stirred for 6 to 48 hours and preferably 16 to 20 hours at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C and preferably 18 to 25 ° C.
• the medium is then acidified (in particular to reach a pH of around 2), in particular with hydrochloric acid.
• the expected hydroxy 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (or its sulfur analog) can be obtained by precipitation or solid / liquid extraction after evaporation of the reaction medium. It can then be purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
• the synthesis in an acid medium can advantageously be carried out as follows:
• the ketone at 1 molar equivalent and the aldehyde at 1 molar equivalent are dissolved in an ethanol solution saturated with gaseous hydrochloric acid.
• the whole is kept under stirring at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C and preferably at a temperature of 18 to 25 ° C for 1 to 24 hours and preferably 1 to 6 hours, preferably at atmospheric pressure.
• the solvent is removed in particular by evaporation under reduced pressure.
• the 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one is purified, in particular by chromatography on silica gel.
• Second step preparation of the tert-butyl or isopropyl ester
• G representing an oxygen or sulfur atom
• Y representing a halogen atom
• R is an alkyl chain, preferably from C1 to C6
• R ' tert-butyl or isopropyl
• the hydroxy 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (or the sulfur analog) at 1 molar equivalent is dissolved in a solvent, preferably in acetonitrile or acetone.
• 1 to 10 equivalents and preferably 4 to 6 equivalents of potassium or cesium carbonate are added and then the derivative of the tert-butyl or isopropyl haloester type is added (1 to 20 molar equivalents and preferably 4 to 8 molar equivalents and even more preferentially 6 equivalents).
• the whole is heated under (vigorous) stirring at a temperature of 25 to 120 ° C and preferably 100 ° C for 1 to 24 hours and preferably 10 to 14 hours and even more preferably 10 hours, generally at atmospheric pressure.
• 1,3-diphenyIprop-2-en-1-one substituted by a tert-butyloxycarbonylalkyloxy, tert-butyloxycarbonylalkylthio, isopropyloxycarbonylalkyloxy, or isopropyloxycarbonylalkylthio group is purified, in particular by chromatography on silica gel.
• R ' tert-butyl or isopropyl
• R ' tert-butyl or isopropyl La 1, 3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substituted by a tert-butyloxycarbonylalkyloxy group, by a tert-butyloxycarbonylalkylthio group, by an isopropyloxycarbonylalkyloxy group or by a group isopropyloxycarbonylalkylthio at 1 molar equivalent is dissolved in a solvent, such as dichloromethane. 1 to 20 equivalents and preferably 8 to 12 equivalents of acid and more preferably 10 equivalents of acid, preferably trifluoroacetic acid are added. The whole is kept under vigorous stirring at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C, preferably from 18 to
• the solvent is removed, in particular by evaporation under reduced pressure.
• the 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substituted with a carboxyalkyloxy or carboxyalkylthio group is purified, in particular by chromatography on silica gel. The reaction is preferably carried out at atmospheric pressure.
• X1 represents a halogen or a group -R1 or a group corresponding to the following formula: -G1-R1;
• X2 represents a hydrogen atom or a thionitroso group or an alkyloxy group or an alkylcarbonyloxy group or an alkylthio group or an alkylcarbonylthio group;
• X3 represents a group -R3 or a group corresponding to the following formula: -G3-R3;
• X4 represents a halogen or a thionitroso group or a group -R4 or a group corresponding to the following formula: -G4-R4;
• X5 represents a group -R5 or a group corresponding to the following formula: -G5-R5;
• R1, R3, R4, R5, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group substituted or not by a carboxylic acid function
• G1, G3, G4, G5, identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom
• R is an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function.
• X2, X3 and X4 is not a hydroxy or thiol group.
• this process makes it possible to prepare the compounds of general formula (I) for which at least one of the groups R3, R4 and R5 represents an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function.
• R4 is an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function.
• R4 is an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function and X3 and X5 are unsubstituted alkyls. More preferably, X4 is a carboxydimethylmethyloxy or carboxydimethylmethylthio group.
• G4 is an oxygen atom and R4 is an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function
• G4 is an oxygen atom and R4 is an alkyl radical carrying a carboxylic acid function and X3 and X5 are unsubstituted alkyls.
• X4 is a carboxydimethylmethyloxy group.
• X4 is a carboxydimethylmethylthio group.
• X3, X4 and X5 are not hydrogen atoms.
• alkyl denotes a saturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, halogenated or not, more particularly having from 1 to 24, preferably 1 to 10, carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl , isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, fertfobutyl, pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl.
• DC 2 or C 2 -C 7 groups are particularly preferred.
• Methyl and ethyl groups are very particularly preferred.
• the term thionitroso refers to a nitroso group linked to the aromatic cycle via a sulfur atom.
• halogen represents a chlorine atom or a bromine atom or an iodine atom or a fluorine atom.
• alkyloxy refers to an alkyl chain linked to the ring through an oxygen atom.
• the alkyl chain meets the definition previously stated.
• alkylthio refers to an alkyl chain linked to the aromatic ring via a sulfur atom (thioether bond).
• the alkyl chain meets the definition previously stated.
• Hydroxyacetophenone (or its sulfur analogue) at 1 molar equivalent and aldehyde at 1 molar equivalent, or hydroxybenzaldehyde (or its sulfur analogue) at 1 molar equivalent and ketone at 1 equivalent- molar, are dissolved in an ethanol solution saturated with gaseous hydrochloric acid. The whole is stirred at room temperature for 1 to 6 hours then the solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. Hydroxy-1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one is purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
• Hydroxy-1,3-diphenylpropen-1-one (or its sulfur analogue) at 1 molar equivalent is dissolved in acetonitrile and the halogen derivative 3 to 6 equivalents- molar then potassium carbonate 3 to 5 equivalents- molars are added.
• the reaction medium is maintained for approximately 10 hours with vigorous stirring at reflux.
• the salts are removed by filtration.
• reaction medium is optionally reacted with 3 to 6 molar equivalents of halogen derivative and 3 to 5 molar equivalents of potassium carbonate. This operation can be repeated until the disappearance of the raw material.
• Acidolysis of tert-butyl esters of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1 -ones with trifluoroacetic acid The tert-butyl ester of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one at 1 molar equivalent is dissolved in dichloromethane, trifluoroacetic acid at 10 molar equivalents is added, the whole is maintained for 12 hours with stirring at room temperature.
• the product formed is purified by chromatography on silica gel or by recrystallization.
• Example 1 synthesis of 1-r4-chlorophenvn-3-r3.5-dimethyl-4-carboxydimethylmethyloxyphénv ⁇ prop-
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [4-chlorophenyl] -3- [3,5-dimethyl-4-tert-butyloxycarbonyldimethylmethyloxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1 -one (compound 2) according to the general method 3 described above.
• This compound was synthesized from 2-methoxyacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [2-methoxyphenyl] -3- [3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (Compound 4) and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the method general 2 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate: 80/20). Yield: 41%
• This compound was synthesized from 4-methylthioacetophenone and 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde according to the general method 1 previously described.
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [4-hexyloxyphenyl] -3- [3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (Compound 10) and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the method general 2 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate: 95/5). Efficiency: 75%
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [2-methyloxy-4-chlorophenyl] -3- [3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxydimethylmethyloxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (Compound 13) and bromoisobutyrate tert-butyl according to general method 2 previously described.
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [2-methoxy-4-chlorophenyl] -3- [3,5- dimethyl-4-tertiobutyloxycarbonyldimethylmethyloxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (Compound 14) according to the general method 3 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (dichloromethane / methanol: 98/2).
• This compound was synthesized from 1- [4-bromophenyl] -3- [3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (Compound 16) and tert-butyl bromoisobutyrate according to the method general 2 previously described. Purification by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate: 90/10). Efficiency: 75%

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