WO2005001970A1 - 固体酸化物形燃料電池 - Google Patents
固体酸化物形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005001970A1 WO2005001970A1 PCT/JP2004/009347 JP2004009347W WO2005001970A1 WO 2005001970 A1 WO2005001970 A1 WO 2005001970A1 JP 2004009347 W JP2004009347 W JP 2004009347W WO 2005001970 A1 WO2005001970 A1 WO 2005001970A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- fuel cell
- electrode
- solid oxide
- oxide fuel
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2428—Grouping by arranging unit cells on a surface of any form, e.g. planar or tubular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a solid oxide fuel cell which stably generates power in a mixed gas of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas.
- the flat cell has a fuel electrode and an air electrode disposed on the front and back surfaces of a plate-like electrolyte, respectively.
- a plurality of cells formed in this way are stacked via an interconnector (separate overnight). Used in state.
- the interconnector (separator) connects the single cells in series or in parallel and plays a role in completely separating the fuel gas and oxidant gas supplied to each cell.
- a gas seal is provided between each cell and the separator (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-30445).
- this flat-type cell has a drawback that the cell is vulnerable to vibration, heat cycle, and the like because gas sealing is performed by applying pressure to the cell. I have.
- a cylindrical cell is one in which a fuel electrode and an air electrode are arranged on the outer and inner peripheral surfaces of a cylindrical electrolyte, respectively.
- Cylindrical vertical stripe type, cylindrical horizontal stripe type and the like have been proposed (for example, 5 _ 9 4 8 3 0 gazette). Cylindrical cells have the advantage of excellent gas sealing properties, but have the disadvantage that the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high, because the structure is more complex than the flat cells.
- the separator and the gas seal are not required, and the structure and the manufacturing process can be greatly simplified.
- the fuel electrode and the air electrode are formed close to the same surface of the solid electrolyte, and oxygen ion conduction occurs mainly near the surface of the solid electrolyte. Therefore, the thickness of the electrolyte does not greatly affect the performance of the battery as in the case of a flat plate type or cylindrical type. Therefore, it is possible to increase the thickness of the electrolyte while maintaining the performance of the battery, thereby making it possible to improve the fragility.
- the electrolyte is Vulnerability has been improved by increasing the thickness of
- the electrolyte mainly contributes to the battery reaction in the vicinity of the surface layer in many cases, even if the thickness of the electrolyte is increased in this way, the performance as a battery is not significantly improved.
- the manufacturing cost is rather increased by increasing the thickness of the substrate.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is possible to improve the vulnerability, reduce the cost, and obtain a high power generation output.
- the purpose is to provide. Disclosure of the invention
- a first solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and has a substrate, an electrolyte disposed on one surface of the substrate, and an electrolyte disposed on the same surface. And at least one electrode body comprising a fuel electrode and an air electrode arranged at a predetermined interval.
- the fuel cell further includes: an electrolyte disposed on the other surface of the substrate; and an electrode body including a fuel electrode and an air electrode disposed at a predetermined interval on the same surface of the electrolyte.
- a plurality of electrode bodies can be arranged on each surface of the substrate via an electrolyte. At this time, these electrode bodies may be connected by an in-line connector arranged on the fuel cell, or an interconnector may be provided on the device side where the fuel cell is arranged, and the fuel cell may be set. It is also possible to configure so that the electrode assembly is connected by the interconnector of the device when the connection is made.
- grooves are formed between adjacent electrode bodies to partition them. This groove may be formed so as to penetrate the electrolyte and reach the substrate.
- the electrolyte can be split between adjacent electrode bodies.
- an insulating material is disposed between the adjacent electrolytes. In this manner, connection with the interconnector is facilitated, and the electrolytes can be reliably separated from each other.
- the electrolyte is preferably formed by printing.
- the electrolyte may be formed in a plate or sheet shape, and the electrolyte may be attached to the substrate via an adhesive.
- the electrode body is configured such that one electrode surrounds the other electrode at a predetermined interval.
- a second solid oxide fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell including a plurality of unit cells having an electrolyte, a fuel electrode, and an air electrode, wherein the plurality of unit cells are And an electrolyte for each of the unit cells is disposed on the substrate at a predetermined interval.
- a plurality of single battery cells can be arranged on each surface of the substrate.
- these unit cells may be connected by an inter-connector arranged on the fuel cell, or an interconnector may be provided on the device side where the fuel cell is arranged, and the fuel cell may be set.
- the unit cells may be configured to be connected by the inter-connector of the device when the battery cells are connected.
- the electrolyte is preferably formed by printing.
- the electrolyte may be formed in a plate shape, and the electrolyte may be attached to the substrate via an adhesive.
- the substrate is preferably made of a ceramic material.
- FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a first embodiment of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing the fuel cell shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view (a) and a schematic plan view (b) of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing the fuel cell shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view (a) and a schematic plan view (b) of a fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing the fuel cell illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the method for manufacturing a fuel cell according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing another example of the fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing still another example of the fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing still another example of the fuel cell according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view (a) and a schematic plan view (b) showing another example of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view) and a cross-sectional view (b) of the fuel cell according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view (a) and a cross-sectional view (b) of the fuel cell according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the fuel cell.
- this fuel cell includes a sheet-like substrate 1 and an electrolyte 3 laminated on one surface thereof, and a pair of fuel electrodes is provided on the same surface on the electrolyte 3.
- a plurality of electrode bodies (unit cells) E composed of 5 and the cathode 7 are arranged.
- the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 in each electrode body E are formed in a band shape, and are arranged at predetermined intervals.
- the distance between the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 is preferably, for example, 1 to 500; nm, more preferably 10 to 500 zm.
- a plurality of electrode bodies E are formed on the electrolyte 3 as described above, and these are connected in series via the inter-connector 9. That is, the air electrode 7 of each electrode body E is connected to the fuel electrode 5 of the electrode body E adjacent thereto by the connector 9.
- the substrate 1 is preferably formed of a material having excellent adhesion to the electrolyte 3.
- SUS or a ceramic material such as an alumina material, a silica material, or a titanium material is preferably used.
- the thickness of the substrate 1 is 50 m or more.
- a known material as an electrolyte of a solid oxide fuel cell can be used.
- a ceria-based oxide doped with samarium or gadolinium, or a lanthanum doped with strontium or magnesium is used.
- Oxygen-ion-conductive ceramic materials such as oxidized oxides and zirconium-based oxides containing scandium dioxide can be used.
- the thickness of the electrolyte 3 is preferably from 10 to 500 m, and more preferably from 50 to 2000 m.
- the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 can be formed of a ceramic powder material.
- the average particle size of the powder used at this time is preferably from 1 O nm to: L 00 m, more preferably from 50 nm to 50 m, and particularly preferably from 100 nm to 10 m. It is.
- the average particle size can be measured according to, for example, JIS Z8901.
- the fuel electrode 5 is made of, for example, ceramic powder composed of a metal catalyst and an oxide ion conductor. A mixture with the powdered material can be used.
- a metal catalyst used at this time a material that is stable in a reducing atmosphere, such as nickel, iron, cobalt or a noble metal (platinum, ruthenium, palladium, etc.), and has a hydrogen oxidation activity can be used.
- the oxide ion conductor those having a fluorite type structure or a viscous bouskite type structure can be preferably used.
- the fuel electrode 4 is formed of a mixture of an oxide ion conductor and nickel.
- the mixed form of the ceramic material made of an oxide ion conductor and nickel may be a physical mixed form or a form such as powder modification of nickel.
- the above-mentioned ceramic materials can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
- the fuel electrode 5 can be configured using a metal catalyst alone.
- the ceramic powder material forming the air electrode 7 for example, a metal oxide made of Co, Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn, or the like having a bevelskite structure or the like can be used. Specifically (Sm, S r) Co_ ⁇ 3, (La, S r) Mn_ ⁇ 3, (L a, S r ) Co0 3, (La, S r) (Fe, Co) 0 3, (La , S r) (Fe, Co , N i) ⁇ 3 oxides and the like, preferably, (La, S r) MnO 3.
- One of the above ceramic materials can be used alone, or two or more can be used as a mixture.
- the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 are formed by using the above-described materials as main components, and further adding an appropriate amount of a binder resin, an organic solvent, and the like. More specifically, it is preferable to add a binder resin or the like so that the main component is 50 to 95% by weight in the mixture of the main component and the binder resin.
- the air electrode 3 and the fuel electrode 5 are formed so as to have a thickness of 1 m to 500 m after sintering, and preferably 10 m to: L00 m.
- the electrolyte 3 is also mainly composed of the above-described materials, similarly to the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7. It is formed by adding an appropriate amount of a binder resin, an organic solvent, or the like, but it is preferable that the main component and the binder are mixed so that the main component is 80% by weight or more. Further, a powder made of the above-mentioned material may be uniaxially press-molded, then CIP-molded, fired at a predetermined temperature and time, and cut into a plate or sheet having a desired thickness and size. Then, by attaching the plate-like or sheet-like electrolyte 3 to the substrate 1 via an adhesive, a fuel cell can be formed.
- the electrolyte 3 is formed by printing, it is preferable to interpose a stress relaxation layer made of an adhesive material having an intermediate value of the thermal expansion coefficient between the substrate 1 and the electrolyte 3. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the electrolyte of the thin film during sintering due to the difference between the two expansion coefficients.
- the fuel cell configured as described above generates power as follows. First, on one surface of the substrate 1 on which the electrode body C is formed, a mixed gas of a fuel gas composed of a hydrocarbon such as methaneethane and an oxidizing gas such as air is heated to a high temperature (for example, 400 to (100 ° C). As a result, ionic conduction occurs mainly in the vicinity of the surface layer of the electrolyte 3 between the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7, and power is generated. .
- a high temperature for example, 400 to (100 ° C
- the thickness of the electrolyte 3 should be reduced to a certain thickness that does not impair the battery performance. Thus, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost. Therefore, in the fuel cell according to the present embodiment, since the electrolyte 3 is supported on the substrate 1, high durability against vibration and thermal cycling can be maintained even if the electrolyte 3 is thinned.
- the interconnector 9 is made of a conductive metal such as Pt, Au, Ag, Ni, Cu, SUS, or a metallic material, or La (Cr, Mg) M 3 , (L a, C a) It can be formed of conductive ceramic materials such as lanthanum and chromite, such as C r ⁇ 3 and (L a, S r) C r ⁇ 3, and one of these can be used alone. Or two or more of them may be used in combination. Further, additives such as the binder resin described above can be added to these materials.
- the connector 9 may be formed on the electrolyte 3 via an insulating layer.
- the material of the insulating layer is preferably a ceramic material from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- the ceramic-based material used here include an alumina-based material, a silica-based material, and a titania-based material.
- the above-mentioned powder material for the electrolyte 3, the fuel electrode 5, and the air electrode 7 is used as a main component, and an appropriate amount of a binder resin, an organic solvent, and the like are added to each of them and kneaded, and the electrolyte paste, the fuel electrode paste, Make air electrode pastes respectively.
- Viscosity of each paste is preferably 1 0 3 ⁇ 1 0 6 mP a 's degree as will be adapted to the screen printing described.
- the paste for the connector is prepared by adding additives such as a binder resin to the powder material described above. The viscosity of this paste is the same as described above.
- an electrolyte paste is applied on the substrate 1 by a screen printing method, and then dried and sintered at a predetermined time and temperature to form an electrolyte 3 (FIG. 3 (a)).
- the anode paste is applied in a band shape to a plurality of locations on the electrolyte by screen printing, and then dried and sintered at a predetermined time and temperature to form a plurality of anodes 5 (FIG. 3 (b)).
- a plurality of electrode bodies C are applied to the positions facing the respective anodes 5 by applying an air electrode paste by a screen printing method, and drying and sintering at a predetermined time and temperature. (Fig. 3 (c)).
- the electrolyte can be a path through which oxygen ions move during power generation. Therefore, the electrolyte between the electrodes, and the fuel electrode and the air electrode sandwiching the electrolyte may constitute a fuel cell and generate electricity. As a result, the original electromotive force of the single cell and the electromotive force of the battery formed between the single cells cancel each other, and an internal short circuit occurs, so that the electromotive force of the entire fuel cell may decrease. Therefore, even if the number of electrode bodies is increased, the electromotive force as a whole may not be “the electromotive force of one electrode body X the number of electrode bodies”.
- a second embodiment according to the present invention in consideration of this point will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a side view (a) and a plan view (b) of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment.
- a fuel cell having two electrode bodies will be described.
- this fuel cell includes a sheet-like substrate 1 and an electrolyte 3 formed on one surface thereof.
- Two electrode bodies E each including 5 and the air electrode 7 are arranged.
- the configuration of each electrode body E is the same as in the first embodiment.
- grooves V are formed between the electrode bodies E to separate them.
- the air electrode 7 of one electrode body and the fuel electrode 5 of the other electrode body E 2 adjacent thereto are connected by an in-line connector 9 so as to straddle the groove V. A part of the inner connector 9 is in the groove V.
- the materials for forming the substrate 1, the electrolyte 3, the fuel electrode 5, the air electrode 7, and the interconnector 9 in this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and therefore detailed description is omitted.
- the power generation method is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the width of the groove V is preferably 1 to 500 m, as in the third embodiment described later.
- the electrolyte paste, the fuel electrode paste, the air electrode paste, and the interconnector paste used are the same as those described in the first embodiment.
- an electrolyte 3, a fuel electrode 5, and an air electrode 7 are formed on a substrate 1, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c).
- the forming method so far is the same as in the first embodiment.
- a groove V between E 2 have both electrode body E on the electrolyte substrate 3 (FIG. 5 (d)).
- the groove V can be formed by, for example, blast processing, laser processing, cutting processing, or the like.
- FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view (a) and a schematic plan view (b) of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment.
- this fuel cell includes a sheet-like substrate 1 and a plurality of unit cells C (here, two cells are shown (: C 2 )) disposed on one surface thereof. Each cell C is connected in series by an interconnector 9.
- Each unit cell C includes a rectangular electrolyte 3 disposed on one surface of the substrate 1, and a pair of a fuel electrode 5 and an air electrode 7 disposed on the same surface of the electrolyte 3.
- the electrolyte 3 of each unit cell C is arranged so as to form a gap S at a predetermined interval with the electrolyte 3 of the adjacent unit cell C, and the interval is, for example, 10 to 500 m. And more preferably 10 to 500 m.
- the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 on each electrolyte 3 are formed in a band shape and are arranged at predetermined intervals. At this time, the interval L between the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 is preferably, for example, 1 to 500 m, and more preferably 10 to 500.
- the electrodes arranged at both ends of this fuel cell that is, the fuel electrode 5 of one unit cell and the air electrode 7 of the other unit cell C 2 extract current.
- Each of the current collecting sections 8 is formed.
- Interconnector 9 is connected between the single cells C adjacent as described above, specifically the fuel electrode 5 of the air electrode 7 and the other unit battery cell C 2 of one of the single cells C t Are connected. At this time, the interconnector 9 is formed on the electrolyte 5 and is formed on the substrate 1 between adjacent unit cells C so as to cross the gap S.
- the materials for forming the substrate 1, the electrolyte 3, the fuel electrode 5, the air electrode 7, and the interconnector 9 in this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and therefore detailed description is omitted.
- the power generation method is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the material of the current collector 8 is the same as that of the interconnector.
- the electrolyte 3 is supported by the substrate 1, similarly to the above embodiments, even if the electrolyte 3 is thinned, high durability against vibration and heat cycles is achieved. Sex can be maintained.
- the individual cells C are arranged separately from each other with a gap therebetween, and are connected by the interconnector 9. Therefore, since the electrolyte 3 does not exist between the unit cells C, oxygen ions can be prevented from moving between the unit cells C, and a fuel cell is prevented from being formed between the unit cells. be able to. As a result, a decrease in the electromotive force of the fuel cell can be prevented, and a high power generation output can be obtained.
- the above-mentioned powder material for the electrolyte 3, the fuel electrode 5, and the air electrode 7 is used as a main component, and an appropriate amount of a binder resin, an organic solvent, and the like are added to each of them and kneaded, and the electrolyte paste, the fuel electrode paste, Make air electrode pastes respectively.
- Viscosity of each base one strike is preferably 1 0 3 ⁇ 1 0 6 mP a ⁇ s about to fit the screen printing method to be described next.
- the paste for the interconnector is described above.
- An additive such as a binder resin is added to the powder material to prepare the powder material. The viscosity of this paste is the same as described above.
- anode electrode is applied in a band shape on each electrolyte 3 by a screen printing method, and then dried and sintered at a predetermined time and temperature to form an anode electrode 5 (FIG. 7 (b)).
- an air electrode paste is applied to each position facing the fuel electrode 5 on each of the electrolytes 3 by a screen printing method, and dried and sintered at a predetermined time and temperature to form the air electrode 7. I do. Thus, a plurality of unit cells C are formed (FIG. 7 (c)). Finally, an interconnector paste is applied between the single battery cells C in a line by screen printing so as to connect the plurality of single battery cells C in series, thereby forming an interconnector 9. At this time, the interconnector 9 is formed so as to cross the gap S between the electrolytes 3 and pass over the substrate 1. A current collector 8 is formed at the end of the connector 9. Through the above steps, the fuel cell is completed (Fig. 7 (d)).
- a screen printing method is used for applying each paste.
- the method is not limited to this, and may be a doctor blade method, a spray coating method, or a lithography method.
- Other general printing methods such as electrophoretic electrodeposition, roll coating, dispenser coating, CVD, EVD, sputtering, and transfer can be used.
- a hydrostatic press, a hydraulic press, and other general press processes can be used as a post-process after printing.
- the stress relaxation between the substrate 1 and the electrolyte 3 made of an adhesive material having an intermediate value of the coefficient of thermal expansion between the two Preferably, a layer is interposed. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the electrolyte from cracking during sintering due to the difference between the two expansion coefficients.
- a fuel cell can also be configured by preparing a plate-like or sheet-like electrolyte and attaching it to a substrate via an adhesive or the like.
- a fuel cell can be formed by attaching a plurality of electrolytes of a predetermined size to the substrate for each unit cell.
- the electrolyte can be cut by cutting to separate the single cells. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, after bonding the electrolyte 3 to form both electrodes 5 and 7 (FIG. 8 (a)), a groove V that penetrates the electrolyte 3 and reaches the substrate 1 by cutting is formed.
- the electrolyte 3 can be separated to form a plurality of unit cells C (FIG. 8 (b)).
- the electrolyte 3, the fuel electrode 5, and the air electrode 7 are formed only on one surface of the substrate 1.
- anode 5, and cathode 7 can also be formed.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C correspond to the first to third embodiments.
- the electrolyte, the fuel electrode, and the air are also formed on the other surface of the substrate 1.
- the poles are similarly formed, and the same type of battery is formed on both sides of the substrate 1. In this way, a high power output can be obtained while keeping the fuel cell compact.
- the plurality of electrode bodies E or the unit cells C are connected in series by the interconnector 9, but they may be connected in parallel.
- the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 of the two electrode bodies E can be connected to each other by the interconnector 9. .
- a series connection and a parallel connection can be mixed. With such a combination, it is possible to extract a desired voltage and current. It is needless to say that a fuel cell can be constituted by one electrode body E without using a plurality of electrode bodies E.
- a gap may be formed between the adjacent electrolytes 3, and an insulating film 10 may be disposed in the gap S between the electrolytes 3 as shown in FIG.
- the electrolyte 3 is separated by the insulating film 10 so that the electrical isolation between the single cells C is further ensured, and the connection with the connector 9 is facilitated. Therefore, formation of a fuel cell between the unit cells C can be more reliably prevented, and a high power generation output can be obtained.
- the insulating film 10 is preferably formed of a ceramic-based material, and for example, an alumina-based or silica-based ceramic material can be used.
- the particle diameter of the ceramic material powder constituting the insulating film 10 is generally 1 ⁇ ! O10 Om, preferably 100 nm nm10 m.
- the insulating film 10 is used by adding a suitable amount of a binder resin, an organic solvent, or the like to the above-mentioned ceramic material powder as a main component.
- the film thickness after sintering is formed so as to be 1 m to 500 im as in the case of the electrolyte and the like, and is preferably 10 ⁇ m-100 / m.
- each electrode is formed in a band shape, and the fuel electrode and the air electrode are arranged so as to be alternately arranged.
- the shape of each electrode is limited to the band shape as described above. Instead, it can be configured as follows. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, this fuel cell includes 24 electrode bodies E, and these electrode bodies E are connected by the inter-connector 9.
- Each electrode body E includes a fuel electrode 5 and an air electrode 7, and a frame-shaped fuel electrode 5 is arranged around the rectangular air electrode 7 at a predetermined interval.
- the outer shape of the fuel electrode 5 is rectangular to match the air electrode 7.
- the distance between the fuel electrode 5 and the air electrode 7 is preferably, for example, 1 to 100 m, and more preferably 10 to 500 m.
- current collectors 51 and 71 for extracting current are formed, respectively.
- the current collector 51 of the fuel electrode 5 and the current collector 71 of the air electrode 7 of the electrode body E adjacent to the fuel electrode 5 are connected by the inter-connector 9, and each electrode body E is connected in series. ing.
- the interval between adjacent electrode bodies E is preferably, for example, 100 to 500 m, and more preferably 100 to 300 m.
- the interconnector 9 is formed as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, in the section (intersection) between the current collectors 51 and 71 at both ends of each connector.
- the insulating layer 11 is formed on the fuel electrode 5, the air electrode 7 and the electrolyte 1, and the connector 9 is formed on the insulating layer 11. This prevents the interconnector 9 from passing over the fuel electrode 5 and being short-circuited thereto.
- the shapes of the fuel electrode and the air electrode need not be rectangular as described above, and may be, for example, circular or polygonal.
- the electrolyte 3 is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 1, but it can be formed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, in this fuel cell, two rectangular recesses 11 in plan view are formed on one surface of the substrate 1, and each cell 11 Cell C is filled with electrolyte 3 respectively. Thereby, each electrolyte 3 is in a state of being partitioned by the wall 14 between the concave portions 13. At this time, the depth of each recess 13 is 5 mm! Preferably it is ⁇ 5 mm.
- each electrolyte 3 of each unit cell C is disposed in each of the recesses 13 formed in the substrate 1, each electrolyte 3 is formed by the wall 11 formed between the recesses 13. It will be in a partitioned state. Therefore, the electrolyte 3 is in a non-contact state between the adjacent unit cells C, so that the electrolyte existing between the adjacent electrodes serves as a path for oxygen ions as in the conventional example, thereby reducing the electromotive force. The possibility of doing this can be reduced. As a result, a high output can be obtained.
- interconnector in the above embodiment is described in each drawing so as to be in contact with the side surface of each electrode, the interconnector may be configured so that the end of the interconnector hangs on the upper surface of each electrode. Not something.
- FIG. 15 (a) is a plan view of the fuel cell according to Example 1
- FIG. 15 (b) is a cross-sectional view thereof.
- GD C C e.. G d .., ⁇ ⁇ 9
- electrolyte material 0.05 to 5 m, average particle size
- a cellulosic binder resin was added thereto to prepare an electrolyte paste having a weight ratio of 95: 5.
- the viscosity of the electrolyte paste was adjusted to about 5 ⁇ 10 5 mPas suitable for screen printing by diluting it with a solvent.Also, Ni ⁇ powder (0.01 to 10 zm, ... average particle size 1 rn), SDC (Ce 0 8 Sm 0 z O ⁇ 9) powder (particle diameter 0. 0 1 ⁇ 1 0 ⁇ m, average particle diameter 0 1 ii) in a weight ratio of 7: 3
- a cellulosic binder resin was added to prepare a fuel electrode paste in which the ratio of the mixture was 80% by weight. That is, the weight ratio of the mixture to the noinder resin was set to 80:20.
- the viscosity of the fuel electrode paste was adjusted to about 5 ⁇ 10 5 mPa ⁇ s suitable for screen printing by diluting with a solvent.
- SSC as an air electrode material (Sm 0. 5 S r 0. 5 Co_ ⁇ 3) powder (0. 1 ⁇ 1 0 m, using the average grain size, and ⁇ Ka ⁇ cellulosic binder first resin
- the air electrode paste was prepared so that the ratio of the powder was 80%, that is, the weight ratio of the SSC powder to the noinder resin was 80:20. similar to the fuel electrode, and a 5 X 1 0 5 mP a ⁇ s about suitable dilution was screen-printed with a solvent.
- the substrate 1, the thickness is an alumina-based substrate 1 Omm angle lmm .
- the above-mentioned electrolyte paste was applied to the substrate 1 by a screen printing method to a size of 1 Om square, dried at 13 Ot for 15 minutes, and then sintered at 1500 for 10 hours.
- An electrolyte 3 having a thickness of 200 m after sintering was formed.
- the anode paste was applied by screen printing so as to have a width of 500 m and a length of 7 mm.
- it was sintered at 1450 ° C for 1 hour to form a fuel electrode 5 having a thickness of 30 m after sintering.
- an air electrode paste was applied on the same surface of the electrolyte 3 by a screen printing method.
- the air electrode paste was applied so that the width was 500 m, the length was 7 mm, and the distance from the fuel electrode was 500 m. Then, similarly to the fuel electrode, after drying at 130 ° C for 15 minutes, it was sintered at 1200 ° C for 1 hour to form the air electrode 7 having a thickness of 30 m after sintering.
- a solid oxidized object with one electrode body A fuel cell was manufactured.
- Example 1 thus manufactured. That is, by introducing a mixed gas of methane and oxygen at 800 and causing a reaction of CH 4 + 1 2 2 ⁇ 2H 2 + CO, the nickel oxide as fuel electrode 5 is reduced, The current-voltage characteristics were evaluated.
- hydrogen gas may be introduced instead of the mixed gas.
- Example 1 As a result, it was confirmed that in Example 1, a maximum output density of 65 mWZ cm 2 was obtained, and a solid oxide fuel cell was obtained.
- Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that a stress relaxation layer is interposed between the electrolyte and the substrate.
- GDC and Al 2 0 3 powder (0. 1 ⁇ ; L 0 m, an average particle diameter of 3 m) and 50 were mixed with 50 weight ratio, was stress relieving layer paste.
- the viscosity of the stress relaxation layer paste was adjusted to about 5 ⁇ 10 5 mPa ⁇ s suitable for screen printing by diluting with a solvent.
- the other materials are the same as in Example 1, and therefore detailed description is omitted.
- the method of preparation is as follows. First, apply a stress relaxation layer paste on the substrate to a thickness of 30 m, and then apply 130 ° C For 15 minutes. Thereafter, the electrolyte, the fuel electrode, and the air electrode were formed in this order in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
- Example 3 a solid oxide fuel cell shown in FIG.
- the materials for forming the substrate, the electrolyte, and the electrodes are the same as in Example 1.
- Au powder (0.1-5 m, average particle size 2.5 m) is used as the material for the interconnector for connecting the single cells and the current collector, and this is mixed with a cellulosic binder resin.
- pastes for the inter-connector and the current collector were prepared.
- the viscosity of the paste for the interconnector was 5 ⁇ 10 5 mPa-s suitable for screen printing.
- the above-mentioned electrolyte paste is applied on the substrate 1 by a screen printing method to form a plurality of rectangular electrolytes.
- the electrolyte paste was patterned so that two electrolytes measuring 9 ⁇ 4.2 mm square were spaced apart by 0.6 mm and the distance from the edge of the substrate was 0.5 mm. Then, after drying at 130 ° C for 15 minutes, sintering was performed at 1500 for 10 hours to form an electrolyte 3 having a thickness of 200 m after sintering. Next, a fuel electrode paste was applied on each electrolyte 3 by a screen printing method. At this time, the fuel electrode paste was applied so that the fuel electrode 5 having a width of 500 m, a length of 7 mm, and a coating thickness of 50 m was formed on each electrolyte 3. Then, after drying at 130 ° C.
- sintering was performed at 1450 for 1 hour, and the thickness after sintering was set to 30 m.
- an air electrode paste was applied on the same surface of each of the electrolytes 3 by a screen printing method. At this time, the air electrode paste was applied so that the air electrode 7 having a width of 500 mm, a length of 7 mm, a coating thickness of 50 m, and a distance of 500 m from the fuel electrode 5 was formed on each electrolyte 3. After drying at 130 ° C for 15 minutes as in the case of fuel electrode 5, sintering was performed at 1200 ° C for 1 hour. The thickness after sintering was 30 m.
- Comparative Example 1 in comparison with Example 3 was manufactured as follows. That is, in Comparative Example 1, an electrolyte having a size of 10 ⁇ 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm was prepared and used as a substrate. Then, two fuel electrodes and two air electrodes were formed on this electrolyte with the same dimensions and spacing as in Example 3, and were connected in series by an interconnector. In addition, Comparative Example 2 in which one unit cell was one was also prepared.
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 thus manufactured.
- a mixed gas of methane and oxygen is introduced at 800 "C, and a reaction of CH 4 + 1Z 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2H 2 + CO is caused, thereby reducing nickel oxide as fuel electrode 5 and reducing the current.
- hydrogen gas may be introduced instead of the mixed gas.
- the electromotive force of one unit cell of Comparative Example 2 was 61 O mV
- the electromotive force of Example 3 having two unit cells was 1 19 O mV.
- Comparative Example 1 having two pairs of electrodes an electromotive force of 900 mV was obtained.
- Example 3 since the electrolytes were arranged at predetermined intervals, the internal short-circuit phenomenon was reduced, and it was found that an electromotive force approximately twice that of Comparative Example 2 was obtained.
- Example 4 in the fuel cell shown in FIG. 16, an insulating film was disposed between each unit cell. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the adjacent electrolytes 3 are separated by the insulating film 10 so that the electric separation between the unit cells C is further ensured, and the connection of the interconnector 9 is also made. It is easy and reliable. Therefore, formation of a fuel cell between the unit cells C can be more reliably prevented, and a high power generation output can be obtained.
- the insulating film 10 is preferably formed of a ceramic-based material, and for example, an alumina-based or silica-based ceramic material can be used.
- the particle size of the ceramic material powder constituting the insulating film 10 is usually 10 nm to 100 m, preferably 100 nm to: L 0 m, as in the case of the above-mentioned electrolyte. is there.
- the insulating film 10 is used by adding a suitable amount of a noinder resin, an organic solvent, and the like to the above-described ceramic material powder as a main component.
- the film thickness after sintering is formed so as to be 1 ⁇ m to 500 m as in the case of the electrolyte or the like, and preferably 10 m to 100 m.
- the same electrolyte paste, fuel electrode paste, air electrode paste, and substrate as in Example 3 were prepared.
- Au powder (0.5 to 5 m, average particle size 2.5 / m) was used as the material for the interconnector for connecting the single battery cells and the current collector, and this was used as a cellulosic binder.
- the resin was mixed to prepare the paste for the interconnector and the current collector. This was mixed with a cellulosic binder resin to prepare an ink-connector paste.
- the viscosity of the interconnector for pace I subscriptions - was 5 X 1 0 5 mP a ⁇ s suitable for screen printing method. Insulation to form an insulating film
- a film paste was prepared. This was prepared by mixing a cellulose-based binder resin with alumina powder (particle size: 0.1 to LO HI).
- Example 3 an insulating film paste was applied to a position between the two electrolytes 3 on the substrate 1, and the paste was sintered at 180 ° C. to form an insulating film 10.
- an electrolyte 3, a fuel electrode 5, and an air electrode 7 were formed in the same manner as in Example 3 above. At this time, the electrolyte 3 was positioned so as to sandwich the insulating film paste.
- both unit cells C were connected in series by an interconnector 9, and current collectors 8 were formed on the electrodes at both ends of the battery.
- a solid oxide fuel cell according to Example 4 was manufactured.
- Example 4 An experiment similar to that of Example 4 was performed on Example 4, and as a result, the same performance as that of Example 4 was shown.
- a solid oxide fuel cell capable of improving fragility, reducing cost, and obtaining a high power generation output.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2533564A CA2533564C (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2004-06-25 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
DE112004001144T DE112004001144T5 (de) | 2003-06-26 | 2004-06-25 | Festoxid-Brennstoffzelle |
US10/561,789 US8101316B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2004-06-25 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
US12/926,400 US8741499B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2010-11-16 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
US12/929,381 US8252479B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2011-01-20 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003182618 | 2003-06-26 | ||
JP2003-182618 | 2003-06-26 | ||
JP2003271191 | 2003-07-04 | ||
JP2003-271191 | 2003-07-04 | ||
JP2003-278485 | 2003-07-23 | ||
JP2003278485 | 2003-07-23 | ||
JP2004-071596 | 2004-03-12 | ||
JP2004071596A JP4606043B2 (ja) | 2004-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池及びこれに用いる基板 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/561,789 A-371-Of-International US8101316B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2004-06-25 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
US12/926,400 Continuation US8741499B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2010-11-16 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
US12/929,381 Division US8252479B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2011-01-20 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005001970A1 true WO2005001970A1 (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
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ID=33556547
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2004/009347 WO2005001970A1 (ja) | 2003-06-26 | 2004-06-25 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US8101316B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2533564C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112004001144T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005001970A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8101316B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2012-01-24 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cell |
JP4687760B2 (ja) | 2008-09-01 | 2011-05-25 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電子部品 |
KR101362894B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-09 | 2014-02-14 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 전사 방법을 이용한 고체산화물 연료전지용 셀 제조방법 |
WO2014126716A1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-08-21 | Phillips 66 Company | Electrolyte formation for a solid oxide fuel cell device |
US11557768B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2023-01-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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2004
- 2004-06-25 US US10/561,789 patent/US8101316B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 WO PCT/JP2004/009347 patent/WO2005001970A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-06-25 CA CA2533564A patent/CA2533564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 DE DE112004001144T patent/DE112004001144T5/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070248864A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
CA2533564A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
CA2533564C (en) | 2013-03-12 |
US20110177426A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
US8741499B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
US20110065015A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
DE112004001144T5 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
US8101316B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 |
US8252479B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
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