WO2004106900A1 - 反射型テラヘルツ分光測定装置及び測定方法 - Google Patents
反射型テラヘルツ分光測定装置及び測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004106900A1 WO2004106900A1 PCT/JP2004/007423 JP2004007423W WO2004106900A1 WO 2004106900 A1 WO2004106900 A1 WO 2004106900A1 JP 2004007423 W JP2004007423 W JP 2004007423W WO 2004106900 A1 WO2004106900 A1 WO 2004106900A1
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- terahertz
- optical path
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a spectral spectrum in a terahertz wavelength region of an object to be measured. Akira.
- Terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 0.1 to: LO field Tz (wavelength of 30 m to 300 ⁇ m), and their wavelengths almost coincide with the infrared to far-infrared region.
- LO field Tz wavelength of 30 m to 300 ⁇ m
- Terahertz spectrometers include a transmission type that irradiates the object to be measured with a terahertz wave to detect transmitted light and a reflection type that detects reflected light.
- the transmission type since the terahertz wave is in the infrared to far-infrared region, it is strongly absorbed by most substances, and it is necessary to make the measured object a thin film of about 1 ⁇ . For this reason, a reflection type in which the thickness of the object to be measured is not limited has attracted attention.
- a conventional reflection-type spectrometer generates terahertz waves by bombing InAs 30 with an ultrashort pulse laser, and is covered by off-axis parabolic mirrors 31 and 34.
- the object to be measured 35 is illuminated, the reflected light is off-axis, and the parabolic mirrors 34 and 36 are applied to the dipole-type photoconductive antenna 37 for photoelectric detection (Kyomi Sakai, et al. "Terahertz time domain").
- Photoelectric detection Kermandi Sakai, et al. "Terahertz time domain"
- the reflected light of the DUT 35 is photoelectrically detected, and then, as a reference, a metal mirror is placed at the same position as the DUT 35.
- the reflectance and phase shift are derived by photoelectrically detecting the reflected light and comparing the complex amplitudes in the frequency domain obtained by Fourier-transforming each of the detected waveforms.
- the most problematic point here is that unless the device under test and the metal mirror are placed at exactly the same position, measurement will result in errors in the phase shift.
- the object to be measured is limited to solids, and liquids and I could not measure.
- the object to be measured and the metal mirror had to be installed at the same position, and the measurement error was large.
- the measurement error it was necessary to set both at the same position with high precision, which took time and was not practical.
- the object to be measured was limited to a solid, and the versatility was poor.
- the present invention has been made in view of the problem of the above-mentioned conventional reflection type terahertz spectrometer, and there is no need to place a metal mirror at the same position as the object to be measured, and the reflection is not limited to a solid object. It is an object of the present invention to provide a type terahertz spectrometer and a measuring method. Disclosure of Invention ⁇
- the reflection type terahertz wave spectrometer of the present invention includes: an incident side optical path through which a terahertz wave propagates; an irradiation unit configured to irradiate the measured object with the terahertz wave propagated through the incident side optical path; An emission-side optical path through which a terahertz wave emitted from the irradiation unit propagates; and a detection unit that receives and detects the terahertz wave that has propagated through the emission-side optical path.
- the object to be measured is disposed between the incident side optical path and the output side optical path as described above, and the object to be measured is disposed in the peripheral area in contact with the planar interface of the irradiation unit.
- Terahertz wave is totally reflected inside The Ebane Ssento wave radiated to the peripheral region in contact with the flat planar surface from the plane-like surface by irradiating to said measured object, you and measuring the spectral scan Bae spectrum.
- the evanescent wave exuding from the planar interface of the irradiating means interacts with the object to be measured, and a terahertz wave including the information of the evanescent wave is emitted from the irradiating means to the emission side optical path, and is exposed near the planar interface.
- a terahertz wave containing information on the evanescent wave that causes no interaction is emitted, so it can be used as a reference when there is no measurement object. Need to take measurements for There is no.
- the object to be measured is not limited to a solid.
- a polarization control means for controlling the polarization of the terahertz wave in the light path on the incident side may be further provided to control the polarization of the evanescent wave.
- the interaction between the longitudinal wave and the shear wave with respect to the object to be measured can be selectively performed, and the absorption spectrum can be observed with the plasma or the longitudinal wave phonon in the semiconductor.
- the evanescent wave seeping from the planar interface is modulated by longitudinal waves and has both longitudinal and transverse components.
- the terahertz wave is converted into S-polarized light by the polarization control means and made incident on the irradiation means, an evanescent wave having only a transverse wave component is obtained. Therefore, taking the difference between the two makes it possible to extract the longitudinal wave component.
- the irradiation means may be any one of m-V semiconductors including silicon, germanium, diamond, and gallium arsenide, and semiconductors including ZnSe, VI-based semiconductors, glass containing silica, fluorine resin, polyethylene, and organic substances containing polycarbonate. It can be made of
- the absorption loss of the terahertz wave inside the irradiation means can be reduced.
- a housing having an opening for accommodating the incident-side optical path and the exit-side optical path, and to arrange the irradiation means so that the opening is shielded by a planar interface of the irradiation means. Because Ruth wave to Terra longer wavelength is absorbed strongly H 2 0, etc. in the air, it is become noise terahertz spectrometry, or the housing is purged with nitrogen or the like, or the housing in a vacuum it can be, can be removed absorption such as H 2 0.
- a thin film having a refractive index smaller than that of the irradiating means and having a refractive index which does not absorb terahertz waves may be formed.
- the terahertz wave can be totally internally reflected at the planar interface of the irradiation means in contact with the thin film, and the evanescent wave can seep out of the thin film from the planar interface. Therefore, if the thickness of the thin film is made sufficiently thin, even if an object to be measured having a higher refractive index than the irradiation means is set on the thin film, terahertz spectroscopy will be performed. Measurement becomes possible.
- the reflection-type terahertz spectroscopic measurement method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem includes irradiating a terahertz wave to an object to be measured, and detecting a reflected wave from the object to be measured by a detection unit.
- the terahertz wave incident on the medium is arranged such that it is totally internally reflected at the interface of the optical medium to generate an evanescent wave from the interface, and the object to be measured is arranged near the interface of the optical medium.
- the method is characterized in that an object to be measured is irradiated with an evanescent wave and a spectral spectrum is measured.
- the polarization of the evanescent wave can be controlled by polarizing the terahertz wave from the generation unit incident on the optical medium by a polarization control unit.
- the reflection-type terahertz spectroscopic measurement method of the present invention uses the polarization control means to convert the terahertz wave from the generation unit incident on the optical medium to p. It is possible to measure the spectral spectrum with polarized light, and then measure the spectral spectrum with S-polarized light and take the difference between the two spectra.
- optical medium used in the terahertz spectroscopic measurement method of the present invention examples include ⁇ -V-based semiconductors containing silicon, germanium, diamond, and gallium arsenide, ⁇ _ ⁇ -based semiconductors containing ZnSe, glass containing silica, and fluorine. It can be made of any one of resin, polyethylene, and organic matter including polycarbonate.
- the optical path and the device under test may be spatially separated by the interface of the optical medium.
- the optical medium a film having a refractive index smaller than the refractive index of the optical medium at the interface and not absorbing the terahertz wave is used,
- the terahertz wave can be totally internally reflected at the interface where the thin film is formed.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a reflection-type terahertz spectrometer of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a partial view of FIG. 1 for explaining that total reflection occurs at a planar interface in the reflection type terahertz spectrometer of Example 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a spectral spectrum (with and without the object to be measured) measured by the reflection type Terahertz spectrometer of Example 1.
- Fig. 4 shows a spectrum obtained by dividing the spectrum with the DUT shown in Fig. 3 by the spectrum without.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a reflection type terahertz spectrometer of Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a reflection type terahertz spectrometer of Example 3.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional reflection-type terahertz spectrometer. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Terahertz waves are generated by using a mode-locked titanium 'sapphire.laser laser or other ultrashort light pulse with a time width of less than 100 fs to form a metal antenna on a semiconductor photoconductive switch (low-temperature grown gallium arsenide LT-GaAs). ), A bulk semiconductor surface such as InAs, a semiconductor quantum well, a non-linear optical crystal, a high-temperature superconductor, and the like. Normally, ultrashort light pulses are focused and irradiated to increase the generation efficiency and intensity.
- the photoconductive switch has high Terahertz wave generation efficiency, but is destroyed by irradiating a strong laser to increase the generation intensity, and deteriorates over time due to long use.
- InAs has the highest generation efficiency among pulp semiconductors, and particularly when a strong magnetic field is applied, the generation efficiency and generation intensity increase.
- Terahertz waves can also be obtained by irradiating an LT-GaAs photoconductive switch with a cw single-mode semiconductor laser or a cw multimode semiconductor laser whose two oscillation wavelengths are close to each other. This has the advantage that an expensive femtosecond laser is not required.
- the incident-side optical path on which the terahertz wave generated from the terahertz wave generator propagates is the propagation path of the terahertz wave from the terahertz wave generator to the subsequent irradiation means.
- it may be a closed space closed by a lens barrel or the like. Those of the closed space therein by performing the nitrogen purge or the like, it is possible except for the absorption such as H 2 0.
- it is desirable to have a condenser optical system in the optical path on the incident side. This allows small samples to be measured. The reason why a condenser optical system is necessary is as follows.
- a terahertz wave is generated by converging and irradiating an ultrashort light pulse on InAs or the like, so a terahertz wave generated from a terahertz wave generator is generally a spherical wave. is there. Therefore, it is preferable that the collimated terahertz wave is once collimated by an off-axis parabolic mirror or the like, and the collimated terahertz wave is condensed by another off-axis parabolic mirror or the like and incident on the irradiation means.
- the intensity of the terahertz wave can be increased, and the detection sensitivity of the spectrum can be increased.
- the polarization control unit may be formed by stretching a fluororesin, an organic substance including polyethylene, polycarbonate, or the like in one direction.
- a molded sheet polarizer, a wire grid polarizer, or the like can be used.
- the irradiating means may have at least one planar interface and have a refractive index larger than the refractive index of the peripheral region in contact with the planar interface.
- a kamama type, a hemispherical type, a triangular prism type, or the like can be used.
- Materials include silicon, germanium, diamond, g_arium arsenide-containing m_V-based and ZnSe-containing VI-VI-based semiconductors, fused silica including silica, glass such as crystal quartz, fluorine resin, polyethylene, and polycarbonate Organic substances are preferred. This is because the absorption loss of the terahertz wave inside the irradiation means can be reduced.
- m-V-based and ⁇ -VI-based semiconductors have low internal absorption loss, but have a large refractive index, and therefore have high reflection at the interface.
- Anti-reflective coatings on the entrance and exit surfaces as needed Should be given.
- Glass and silica containing silica are transparent to visible light (small absorption loss), so it is possible to change soft materials under visible light irradiation and to perform pump probe spectroscopy, a type of time-resolved spectroscopy. Become.
- polytetrafluoroethylene can be particularly used. Polytetrafluoroethylene is particularly resistant to acids and alkalis, and enables spectroscopic measurement of an object containing acids and alkalis.
- the measurement can be performed simply by placing the object to be measured on the planar interface by turning the planar interface of the irradiation means upward, so that powdery chemicals and organic functional substances such as DNA in liquids can also be measured.
- Suffered It can be a measured object.
- the object to be measured can also be a pearl superconductor or the like, which could not be measured due to a large refractive index in a conventional reflection-type spectrometer.
- the irradiating means is made of the above-described material, and can form a thin film having a refractive index smaller than that of the irradiating means on the planar interface.
- a thin film can be made of polyethylene. This thin film needs to be thin enough to allow the evanescent wave to seep out to the DUT placed on the thin film, but this is achieved by making the film thickness about 1 / xm.
- the object to be measured is arranged in a peripheral region in contact with the planar interface of the irradiation means.
- the peripheral region is the region where the evanescent wave seeps from the planar interface.
- the wavelength order of the terahertz wave from the planar interface that is, 3 ⁇ ! ⁇ 300 ⁇ .
- the exit-side optical path through which the terahertz wave emitted from the irradiating means propagates is a propagation path of the chiller Hertz wave from the irradiating means to the succeeding detection unit, and may be an open space or a closed space closed by a lens barrel or the like. . Those of the closed space therein by performing the nitrogen purge or the like, it is possible except for the absorption of ⁇ 2 0 and the like. It is desirable to have a condenser optical system in the exit side optical path.
- the terahertz wave totally reflected at the planar interface of the irradiation means is collimated once with an off-axis parabolic mirror, and the collimated terahertz wave is collected with another off-axis parabolic mirror. Then, the light may be incident on the detection unit.
- the intensity of the terahertz wave can be increased, and the detection sensitivity of the spectrum can be increased.
- a porometer As the detection unit, a porometer, a photoconductive antenna, a device using an electro-optic (E0) effect such as ZnTe, or the like is used.
- the porometer can convert a terahertz wave into an electric signal by itself, but has low response.
- the electro-optic effect the E0 crystal is irradiated with a terahertz wave to be detected, and the change in the refractive index induced by the electric field of the terahertz wave is detected by the probe light transmitted through the E0 crystal. It detects the change in polarization.
- the method using the E0 effect has an advantage that, unlike a porometer, it can measure a time waveform, that is, phase information.
- the change in the polarization of the probe light can be detected by a polarization control element and a photoelectric detection element.
- a polarization control element and a photoelectric detection element For example, E0 crystal This is done by converting the probe light after passing into linearly polarized light with a 14-wave plate, separating it with a polarizing beam splitter, detecting it with two photodiodes, etc., and inputting two electrical signals to a balance detector. be able to.
- the housing having an opening for accommodating the incident-side optical path and the emission-side optical path may be any as long as the opening can be closed to seal the inside of the housing.
- the material is not limited. If it is necessary to evacuate the inside of the housing, stainless steel is preferable. This is because no gas is generated.
- a laser light source for irradiating the terahertz wave generator is installed outside the housing, it is necessary to provide a laser introduction window for irradiating the laser from the laser light source to the generator.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a reflection type terahertz spectrometer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the spectrometer of the present embodiment includes an incident side optical path 1 through which the terahertz wave from the terahertz wave generation section 13 propagates, and a terahertz wave propagated through the incident side optical path 1 to the DUT 5.
- the terahertz wave generator 13 is made of InAs, which is a Parc semiconductor.
- the beam is split into two by a splitter 11 and bent by bending mirrors 8, 8, and then focused and irradiated by a lens 12.
- InAs l 3 is incident surface as shown in Fig. 1.
- a magnetic field of 1 Tesla is applied by a magnet (not shown) in a direction perpendicular to (paper surface).
- the terahertz wave generator 13 is incorporated in the spectrometer of the present embodiment, but may be provided separately from the spectrometer.
- An off-axis parabolic mirror 14 for a collimator and an off-axis parabolic mirror 15 for condensing irradiation are inserted in the light path 1 on the incident side.
- the focal lengths of the off-axis parabolic mirrors 14 and 15 are 200 mm.
- the side facing the apex angle becomes the planar interface 21, and a Lutz wave enters the tera from one side 22 of the isosceles and exits from the other side 22.
- the totally reflected terahertz wave travels symmetrically with the incident wave at the point of total reflection and exits from side 22 because the irradiation means 2 is an isosceles prism.
- An off-axis parabolic mirror 16 for a collimator and an off-axis parabolic mirror 17 for condensing irradiation are inserted in the exit-side optical path 3.
- the focal lengths of the off-axis parabolic mirrors .16 and 17 are 200 mm.
- the parabolic mirror 17 has a hole through which one of the ultrashort optical pulses split by the polarizing beam splitter 11 passes.
- the detection unit 4 includes ZnTe 41 of an E0 crystal, a 14-wavelength plate 42, a polarizing beam splitter 43, and photodiodes 44, 44.
- the terahertz wave propagating in the exit-side optical path is focused and irradiated on the ZnTe 41 by an off-axis parabolic mirror 17.
- the refractive index of ZnTe41 does not change, so the ultrashort light pulse of linearly polarized light that enters through the hole of the off-axis parabolic mirror 17 passes through the quarter-wave plate 42. It becomes post-circularly polarized light.
- the electric signals output from the photodiodes 44 and 44 ′ after the polarization beam splitter 43 have the same value, and the balance (measured by the balance detector 20) The difference between the two electrical signals) is zero.
- the electric field of the terahertz wave changes the refractive index of ZnTe41, so the polarization of the ultrashort light pulse of linearly polarized light incident through the hole of the off-axis parabolic mirror 17 is changed. It rotates and becomes elliptically polarized light after passing through the 1Z4 wave plate 42.
- the ultrashort light pulse separated by the light beam splitter 11 is delay-adjusted by a delay line composed of a cat's eye mirror 18 and bending mirrors 19, 19 '.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show the results obtained by using the DUT 5 as a dielectric strontium titanate (ST0) and pressing the ST05 against the planar interface 21 of the prism 2.
- FIG. Fig. 3 shows the results of Fourier transform of the time change of the electric field of the terahertz wave detected by the pulse detector 20, and shows the case with and without ST05 on the planar interface 21 (see).
- the spectra of the two are the same in the high-frequency region, but greatly different in the low-frequency region. Incidentally, many of the absorption line, is due to absorption of H 2 0 in the air.
- Figure 4 shows the result of dividing the STO spectrum by the reference spectrum. In FIG. 4, the absorption line of H 20 disappears, and absorption appears around 1.1 THz as indicated by the arrow.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a reflection type terahertz spectrometer according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the spectroscopic measurement apparatus of the first embodiment although the influence of absorption of H 2 0 in air, the measuring apparatus of the second embodiment is obtained by so as not to be affected by the absorption of H 2 0. Accordingly, a housing 6 for isolating the light path 1 on the input side, the irradiation means 2 and the light path 3 on the output side of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) from the outside is provided.
- FIG. 5 the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the housing 6 has an opening 6 1, windows 6 2, 6 2, gas introduction pulp 6 3, and gas exhaust pulp 6 4, and the opening 6 1 is sealed by the planar interface 21 of the irradiation means 2. ing. Introducing nitrogen cylinder connected to pulp 6 3 side, opens the exhaust pulp 6 4, the inside of the housing 6 and a nitrogen purge, a result of measuring the same ST0 as in Example 1 as the object to be measured 5, H 2 There was no absorption of 0, and S / N was greatly improved.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a reflection type terahertz spectrometer of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the measuring apparatus of the present embodiment enables observation of absorption spectrum by plasma, longitudinal wave phonons in a semiconductor, or the like. Therefore, the incidence of Example 1 (Fig. 1)
- the side optical path 1 is provided with a polarizer 7 as polarization control means.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the device under test 5 was GaAs as a compound semiconductor.
- the polarizer 7 was adjusted, and a p-polarized terahertz wave was incident on the side 22 of the prism 2 to measure a spectrum.
- the polarizer 7 was rotated by 90 °, an s-polarized terahertz wave was incident on the side 22, and the spectral spectrum was measured.
- absorption was confirmed at around 7 Hz.
- the reflection-type terahertz spectrometer and the measuring method according to the present invention provide a spectral spectrum in a 0.1 to 10 THz (wavelength of 30 ⁇ ! To 3000 ⁇ ) waveband. This is useful for reflection-type measurement, and is suitable for measuring absorption spectra of semiconductors and superconductors.
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08166449.2A EP2015054B1 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-24 | Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy in Attenuated-Total-Reflection |
US10/558,300 US7488940B2 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-24 | Reflection type terahertz spectrometer and spectrometric method |
EP04734599A EP1630542A4 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-24 | TERAHERTZ SPECTROMETERS OF THE REFLECTION TYPE AND SPECTROMETRIC PROCESS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003-153160 | 2003-05-29 | ||
JP2003153160A JP3950818B2 (ja) | 2003-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | 反射型テラヘルツ分光測定装置及び測定方法 |
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US (1) | US7488940B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1630542A4 (ja) |
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Cited By (5)
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DE102006042642B4 (de) * | 2006-09-12 | 2010-06-24 | Batop Gmbh | Terahertz Time-Domain Spektrometer |
DE102010032382A1 (de) | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-02 | Batop Gmbh | Fasergekoppeltes Terahertz Time-Domain Spektrometer |
CN108287132A (zh) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-17 | 首都师范大学 | 一种太赫兹异步高速扫描系统触发信号产生装置及方法 |
WO2021227547A1 (zh) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | 西安理工大学 | 一种用于检测细胞和生物大分子的瞬态THz光谱仪 |
US11692935B2 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2023-07-04 | Xi'an University Of Technology | Transient-state THz spectrometer for detecting cells and biological macromolecules |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2015054B1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
US20060231762A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
EP2015054A2 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
EP1630542A4 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
JP3950818B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 |
JP2004354246A (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
US7488940B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
EP2015054A3 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
EP1630542A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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