WO2004085330A1 - 酸化チタン薄膜で被覆されたガラス板の製造方法 - Google Patents
酸化チタン薄膜で被覆されたガラス板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004085330A1 WO2004085330A1 PCT/JP2003/003503 JP0303503W WO2004085330A1 WO 2004085330 A1 WO2004085330 A1 WO 2004085330A1 JP 0303503 W JP0303503 W JP 0303503W WO 2004085330 A1 WO2004085330 A1 WO 2004085330A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass substrate
- titanium oxide
- thin film
- glass
- liquid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 32
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101001012040 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) Immunomodulating metalloprotease Proteins 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004736 wide-angle X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical class [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 carboxylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZNHFPFJRZBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCO.CCO.CCO.CCO XGZNHFPFJRZBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEIWWVGGEOHESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;titanium Chemical class [Ti].OC.OC.OC.OC ZEIWWVGGEOHESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
- C03C17/245—Oxides by deposition from the vapour phase
- C03C17/2456—Coating containing TiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
- C03C17/10—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/71—Photocatalytic coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film, which is formed by forming a titanium oxide thin film having a photocatalytic function such as antifogging property and antifouling property under specific application conditions or heating conditions.
- anti-fogging properties can be obtained by forming a titanium oxide thin film on the surface of a glass substrate is described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 27566474 (W ⁇ 96 / 293375). It is listed. This is because the surface of the titanium oxide crystal, which is a photocatalytic semiconductor, is highly hydrophilic by being irradiated with light having a wavelength higher than the band gap energy of the semiconductor. Covering the glass surface with a titanium oxide thin film in this way is said to be widely applicable to applications such as window glasses, windshields, and mirrors that are fogged and that visibility is degraded.
- Patent No. 27566474 discloses that a solution containing an organic or inorganic titanium compound or a sol containing titanium oxide fine particles is applied to a glass substrate and then baked at a high temperature to obtain a titanium oxide.
- a method for forming a crystalline thin film is described.
- As an application method to a glass plate an example employing flow coating / spray coating is described.
- Patent No. 27566474 discloses that titanium oxide that can be made hydrophilic by light irradiation may be an anase-type crystal or a rutile-type crystal. The fact that photodegradation of chemical substances is observed only in the anatase type They are different.
- amorphous titania titanium oxide
- anatase-type titania can be obtained, and calcined at a temperature of 600 to 700 ° C or more.
- rutile-type titania can be obtained.Specifically, it is baked at 650 ° C to be an anatase type, and baked at 800 ° C to be a rutile type crystal. Are described in Example 11 thereof.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-100378 discloses that after coating a titania sol on a substrate, the temperature is gradually raised from room temperature to 60 ° C. to a final temperature of 700 ° C.
- a method for obtaining an anatase-type titanium oxide thin film is described. It is described that if the final temperature is too high or the rate of temperature rise is too high, rutile-type crystals with poor photodecomposition performance will be mixed. It is described that a considerable amount of rutile-type crystals are mixed in the case of heating or immediately heating to 65 ° C.
- Example 29 of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent No. 27566474 a mixture of ana-idase-type titania sol and colloidal silica sol was coated on the surface of the glazed tile at 800 °.
- An example of firing with C is described.
- the document states that the abrasion resistance is improved by adding silica to titania, but the pencil hardness of a film consisting of titania alone is said to be 6B.
- the substrate to be coated with titanium oxide is a glass containing an alkali metal ion, silica or the like is previously placed between the substrate and the titania layer. It is described that firing is performed after forming an intermediate layer. By doing so, it is stated that alkali metal ions in the glass can be prevented from diffusing into the titanium oxide coating during firing.
- amorphous titania was directly coated on the surface of soda lime glass and baked at 500 ° C
- the contact angle with water increased in comparison with the example in which the intermediate layer was provided.
- Example 7 describes that the hydrophilization performance was reduced.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-180980 (European Patent Application Publication No. Patent Document) describes a hydrophilic film having a photocatalytic function in which titanium oxide crystals are dispersed in a film forming component composed of zirconium oxide and silicon oxide, and a bent glass and a tempered glass formed on a glass surface. ing. Specifically, it describes that after applying the raw material liquid of the above oxide, it is fired at a temperature of 560 to 700 ° C., and bending or strengthening is performed simultaneously with the firing. In this publication, a titanium oxide crystal film is formed without an alkali barrier layer composed of silicon oxide, and the glass is bent and fired at a high temperature of 560 to 700 ° C.
- titanium oxide crystals are dispersed in a film forming component containing zirconium oxide as well as silicon oxide. ing.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a liquid containing a titanium element is applied to the surface of a glass substrate so that interference colors and interference fringes do not occur and transparency is excellent.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film.
- the form of titanium oxide used as a photocatalyst preferably has an anatase-type crystal form.
- amorphous or rutile type titanium oxide may be formed depending on the firing temperature conditions, and setting conditions for forming a thin film made of anatase type titanium oxide is not always easy.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and applies a liquid containing a titanium element to a surface of a glass substrate having a surface compressive stress of a certain value or less, and cleans the surface on which the liquid is applied. After heating to a certain maximum temperature close to the softening temperature of the glass, it is cooled at a specific cooling rate related to the thickness of the glass plate so that the surface compression stress of the glass substrate becomes a constant value.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film.
- An object of the present invention is to apply a mist (mist) composed of fine particles of a liquid containing a titanium element to the surface of a glass substrate by adhering the liquid to the surface of the glass substrate.
- a mist composed of fine particles of a liquid containing a titanium element
- This is achieved by providing a method for producing a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film, which forms a titanium oxide thin film having fine irregularities on the surface of the thin film.
- fine irregularities on the surface of the thin film it is possible to form a thin film having excellent transparency while suppressing the generation of interference colors.
- the liquid is applied, dried once, and then repeatedly applied. This is because interference fringes may occur if the entire surface is uniformly applied while wet.
- an air spray gun When applying the liquid, an air spray gun is used.
- the air pressure supplied to the air spray gun is 0.13 to 0.8 MPa, and the discharge amount per unit time from the nozzle is 1 It is preferable that the amount is set to 11 O ml Z minute.
- a plurality of pneumatic spray guns are used at the same time when applying the liquid so that the mist generated by each pneumatic spray gun does not overlap each other. This is because the productivity can be improved by using a plurality of spray guns, and the mist particle size can be prevented from increasing.
- the glass substrate is heated in advance before applying the liquid, because the applied liquid is quickly dried. Furthermore, it is preferable to apply while scanning the pneumatic spray gun in a direction crossing the moving direction while moving the glass substrate, because the application can be performed easily and uniformly.
- an ultrasonic atomizer is used when applying the liquid, and the liquid temperature in the liquid tank of the ultrasonic atomizer is 5 to 90 ° C. higher than the surface temperature of the glass substrate. It is also preferable to set. By keeping the surface of the glass substrate below the temperature of the droplets, it is possible to apply extremely fine droplets uniformly and thinly. Can be.
- the liquid is applied to the surface of a glass substrate and then heat-treated to form a titanium oxide thin film.
- the titanium oxide thin film can be made strong.
- the surface on which the liquid is applied is heated to a maximum temperature of 550 to 700 ° C. and then cooled under a condition satisfying the following expression (1).
- a is the time (seconds) required to decrease the temperature from 500 ° C to 200 ° C when cooling
- t is the thickness (mm) of the glass substrate.
- an object of the present invention is to apply a liquid containing a titanium element to the surface of a glass substrate having a surface compressive stress of 1 OMPa or less, and apply the liquid-applied surface to a maximum temperature of 550 to 700 ° C.
- a is the time (sec) required for cooling down from 500 ° C to 200 ° C when cooling
- t is the thickness (mm) of the glass substrate.
- the time when the temperature of the surface on which the liquid is applied is in the temperature range of 550 to 700 ° C. is 20 to 500 seconds.
- the time is set to 20 seconds or longer, a strong film can be formed.
- the time to 500 seconds or less the diffusion of alkali metal ions into the titanium oxide thin film can be suppressed when a glass substrate containing an alkali metal is used.
- the glass substrate is preferably a glass substrate containing 5 to 15% by weight of an alkali metal. This is because such a glass can easily increase the surface compression stress by heat treatment.
- the area of the glass substrate used in the present invention is 0.5 m 2 or more, the practical benefit of implementing the present invention is great. Further, it is also preferable to wash the surface of the glass substrate with an acidic aqueous solution and an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and then apply a liquid containing a titanium element. It can properly clean dirt and the like adhered during transportation of the glass substrate, prevent the occurrence of coating unevenness and defects, and improve the adhesion of the titanium oxide thin film.
- the content of the titanium element in the liquid containing the titanium element used in the present invention is 0.1 to 10% by weight, large irregularities are generated on the surface of the thin film, and the transparency is deteriorated. This is preferable because it can be suppressed.
- the liquid is a sol containing fine particles of titanium oxide, since it is effective for forming fine irregularities on the surface.
- a sol containing anatase-type titanium oxide fine particles is preferable because a strong thin film composed of anatase-type titanium oxide crystals can be obtained in a short baking time.
- the average thickness of the titanium oxide thin film formed in the present invention is from 0.02 to 1 m, interference colors are generally easily generated, and the implementation of the present invention is significant. It is preferable that the titanium oxide thin film is composed of an anatase type titanium oxide because of its high photocatalytic activity.
- the ten-point average roughness Rz specified by JISB on the surface of the formed titanium oxide thin film is 5
- the haze value of the obtained glass plate is preferably 5% or less.
- a liquid containing a titanium element is applied to the surface of a glass substrate.
- the liquid containing the titanium element is not particularly limited as long as it forms a titanium oxide thin film after the heat treatment.
- a solution of an organic titanium compound or an inorganic titanium compound may be used, or a sol containing titanium oxide fine particles may be used.
- the organic titanium compound used in the solution include alkoxides such as tetraethoxytitanium, tetraisopropoxytitanium, tetran-propoxytitanium, tetrabutoxytitanium, and tetramethoxytitanium, carboxylate salts, and chelate compounds.
- inorganic titanium compounds such as titanium chloride, titanium sulfate and peroxotitanic acid. These solutions can be used as they are, after some hydrolysis.
- the titanium oxide particles contained in the sol may be amorphous or particles made of anatase-type or rutile-type crystals.
- a sol containing anatase-type titanium oxide fine particles can provide a strong thin film made of titanium oxide crystals even in a short baking time, and can be used when a glass substrate containing Al-metal is used. This is also preferable because the diffusion of the alkali metal into the titanium oxide thin film can be prevented.
- a sol originally contains solid fine particles, it is also effective for forming fine irregularities on the surface.
- the average particle size of such a titanium oxide sol is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 O nm or less, and is preferably 3 O nm or less in order to obtain a homogeneous film with less whitening.
- the medium of the sol is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the main component is water from the viewpoint of the safety of the working environment during the coating operation.
- the titanium element content in the liquid applied to the glass substrate is preferably 10% by weight or less. If the concentration is higher than this, the transparency of the thin film may be reduced because the depth of the surface irregularities is too large, and it may be difficult to form a uniform film. It is preferably at most 5% by weight, more preferably at most 3% by weight, and most preferably at most 1% by weight.
- the film thickness obtained by a single coating operation is small, but the thickness of the titanium oxide thin film tends to be uniform, and the unevenness formed on the surface can be fine.
- the content of the titanium element is usually 0.1% by weight or more.
- the pH of the liquid containing the titanium element is preferably 3 or more.
- the use of a neutral or alkaline liquid can prevent the diffusion of alkaline metal ions into the titanium oxide thin film when a glass substrate containing an alkali metal is used.
- the pH is preferably 5 or more. Further, it is preferably 14 or less.
- the liquid applied to the glass substrate may contain a metal element other than the titanium element or a metalloid element such as silicon as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. However, for efficient expression of the photocatalytic function, it is preferable that the content of metal elements and metalloid elements other than the titanium element be small.
- the content is preferably 1/2 or less by weight relative to the titanium element content, more preferably 1/10 or less, and It is best not to include it at all.
- a preferable liquid is a liquid containing peroxytitanic acid in an anase-type titanium oxide sol. Although this liquid is neutral, the titanium oxide particles are satisfactorily dispersed in water, which is suitable for implementing the present invention.
- the glass substrate used as a raw material in the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably has a surface compressive stress of 10 MPa or less. This value is measured according to JISR 3222.
- a glass substrate having a low surface compressive stress is heated to around the softening temperature and then cooled under certain conditions, the glass substrate surface A glass plate having a large compressive stress on the surface is obtained. By doing so, as described later, a titanium oxide thin film having good adhesion to a glass substrate can be formed.
- the material of the glass substrate is not particularly limited, but a glass substrate containing 5 to 15% by weight of an alkali metal is preferable.
- the softening point of the glass is lowered by containing the alkali metal
- the softening point of the glass substrate is reduced to a point close to the maximum temperature reached by the heat treatment of the present invention by containing such an amount of the alkali metal.
- the elastic modulus of the glass substrate can be reduced near the temperature at which anatase-type titania crystals can be grown, and an appropriate surface compressive stress can be generated under the heating conditions of the present invention.
- a titanium oxide thin film having excellent friction resistance can be obtained.
- soda lime glass is most suitable because of its great industrial importance and the need for strengthening treatment.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is usually about 2.5 to 25 mm.
- the area of the glass substrate is usually 0. 0 1 m 2 or more, the surface product is 0. Is preferably 5 m 2 or more, more preferably lm 2 or more.
- application unevenness easily becomes a problem, and it is preferable to employ the application method of the present invention. In applications where glass requires strength, it is often used in large areas.
- a surfactant it is preferable to wash with both an acidic aqueous solution and a surfactant-containing aqueous solution. Wash with an aqueous solution containing an acid, for example, acetic acid water, then wash with water containing a surfactant, and finally wash well with water to properly clean dirt and the like adhered during glass transport. It is possible to do.
- the method of applying a liquid containing a titanium element to the surface of a glass substrate is particularly limited. Instead, spray coating, flow coating, spin coating, date coating, mouth coating and other various coating methods are used.
- the liquid to the surface of the glass substrate by attaching a mist composed of fine particles of a liquid containing a titanium element to the surface of the glass substrate.
- a mist composed of fine particles of a liquid containing a titanium element
- fine irregularities can be formed on the surface of the titanium oxide thin film, and a thin film in which interference colors are not visually recognized can be formed.
- titanium oxide crystals have a high refractive index of about 2.5 or more, and interference colors tend to be a problem in appearance.
- even a slight unevenness in film thickness can be easily recognized as a change in interference color or interference fringes. Therefore, the above method is also suitable for obtaining a titanium oxide thin film with less noticeable unevenness in appearance. This method is particularly effective when uniformly coating a large area where unevenness in film thickness is likely to occur.
- the liquid is applied, dried once, and then repeatedly applied. If the liquid is applied uniformly over the entire surface as it is, an optically smooth coating film surface is often formed, and interference fringes may occur. Once an optically heterogeneous coating is formed, dried, and then repeatedly applied, the entire substrate is reliably covered with a titanium oxide thin film to make it an optically heterogeneous film. be able to. As a result, it is possible to obtain a titanium oxide thin film having good photocatalytic effect and adhesion to a substrate, but having no interference fringes.
- titanium oxide sol can be applied. Since such a sol originally contains solid fine particles, it is effective for forming fine irregularities on the surface.
- the content of the titanium element in the liquid containing the titanium element is preferably set to 0.1 to 10% by weight.
- the discharge amount per unit time from the nozzle be 1 to 1 OmlZ.
- the discharge rate is more preferably 7 ml / min or less.
- the preferred air pressure supplied to the spray gun is 0.13 to 0.8 MPa.
- the air pressure is more preferably 0.4 MPa or less, and still more preferably 0.3 MPa or less, since it is easier to achieve a desired surface shape when the air pressure is set lower.
- the air pressure here is an absolute pressure, and the differential pressure from the atmospheric pressure is a value obtained by subtracting about 0. IMPa from this value.
- the coating it is also preferable to apply the coating while keeping the distance from the tip of the nozzle to the surface of the glass substrate at 10 to 50 cm. If the distance is less than 10 cm, it may be difficult to obtain a uniform coating film, more preferably 15 cm or more. On the other hand, if the distance exceeds 50 cm, the loss of the liquid containing the titanium element may be large, which may be uneconomical, and more preferably 40 cm or less.
- each mist is preferably separated from each other by 1 cm or more, more preferably 5 cm or more. Further, By using a plurality of air spray guns, it is easy to dry and then apply repeatedly.
- the glass substrate When using an air spray gun, it is preferable to heat the glass substrate before applying the liquid. By doing so, the applied liquid can be quickly dried without special drying means, thereby improving production efficiency.
- a small amount of liquid is often applied, and thus it is easy to dry quickly only by heating in advance.
- the heating temperature is usually 25 to 150 ° C as the surface temperature of the glass substrate. However, if the temperature of the working environment is high, for example in summer, heating may not be necessary. If the heating temperature is 25 ° C or lower, not only the drying time is long, but also the coating film may become uneven due to the effect of moisture adsorbed on the surface of the glass substrate.
- the heating temperature is preferably at least 30 ° C, more preferably at least 35 ° C.
- the solvent may evaporate before the mist reaches the substrate surface, and the temperature is preferably 100 ° C or less, more preferably 8 ° C or less.
- the temperature is 0 ° C or less, more preferably 60 ° C or less.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a coating apparatus that can be used in the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side view thereof
- FIG. 3 is a front view thereof.
- the glass substrate 1 is heated in a heating furnace 2 having a built-in far-infrared heater, conveyed on a conveyor roll 3, and passes below a coating unit 4.
- the moving speed when passing under the coating unit 4 is preferably kept constant in order to make the film thickness uniform.
- the moving speed of the glass substrate 1 is usually about 0.1 to lm / min.
- From the coating unit 4, four air spray guns 6 are supported by the support frame 5, and the glass substrate It is suspended at a constant pitch in parallel with the moving direction of 1.
- the pitch (L 1) of the air spray gun 6 is 30 cm in the example shown in the figure.
- the distance from the tip of the nozzle 7 of the pneumatic spray gun 6 to the surface of the glass substrate 1 is 25 cm in the example in the figure.
- the area where the mist emitted from the tip of the nozzle 7 reaches the surface of the glass substrate 1 has an elliptical shape that is long in the moving direction of the glass substrate 1, and its major axis (L 2) is 20 in the example shown in the figure. cm. That is, the mist from the air set spray gun 6 adjacent to the glass substrate 1 at an interval of 10 cm reaches the surface of the glass substrate 1.
- the pneumatic spray gun 6 While conveying the glass substrate 1 at a constant speed, the pneumatic spray gun 6 is reciprocated in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the glass substrate 1. At this time, it is preferable to reciprocate the glass substrate 1 from one end to the other while maintaining a constant speed.
- the moving speed of the air-type spray gun 6 is determined in consideration of the moving speed of the glass substrate 1. If the moving speed of the glass substrate 1 is high, it is preferable that the moving speed of the air-type spray gun 6 is also high. It is preferable that the glass substrate 1 be moved a distance smaller than the pitch at which the air spray gun 6 is arranged during the time required for the air spray gun 6 to travel one way, since uniform application is possible. .
- the moving speed of the pneumatic spray gun 6 is usually about 0.5 to 5 mZ. By using such a coating device, it is possible to perform coating efficiently and uniformly.
- the liquid temperature of the ultrasonic atomizer in the liquid tank is set to 5 to 90 ° C higher than the surface temperature of the glass substrate. It is preferred to do so.
- the droplets generated by the ultrasonic atomizer are smaller than the droplets generated by a set of air spray guns, and are not sprayed by a strong airflow.However, by keeping the surface of the glass substrate lower than the temperature of the droplets, It can be applied uniformly on top. This method is particularly useful when applying a very thin and uniform coating, since a titanium oxide thin film having fine irregularities on the surface can be formed.
- the applied coating film is dried if necessary and then subjected to a heat treatment.
- Drying method The method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of heating at a relatively low temperature and a method of blowing dry air.
- a method in which the liquid supplied to the nozzle of the spray gun is shut off and only air is blown to dry may be adopted.
- the coating film thickness may be thin, and it is possible to dry it simply by contacting it with dry air.
- a fired titanium oxide thin film by performing a heat treatment on the glass substrate to which the liquid containing the titanium element is applied in this manner. By doing so, a strong titanium oxide thin film can be formed.
- the heating method at this time is not particularly limited, but is preferably set to a temperature at which a titanium oxide crystal is formed and the crystal can grow.
- the surface on which the liquid is applied it is particularly preferable to heat the surface on which the liquid is applied to a maximum temperature of 550 to 700 ° C.
- the titanium oxide thin film can be strengthened, and by heating to a temperature close to the softening point of the glass substrate, the cooled titanium oxide thin film adheres to the substrate. It is easier.
- the softening point of the glass specified by ASTMC338-57 is 720-730 ° C.
- the maximum temperature is preferably above 600.
- the maximum temperature exceeds 700 ° C., there is a sign of softening of the glass, the flatness of the glass substrate is impaired during firing, and the resulting glass plate is distorted.
- the maximum temperature is preferably below 65O 0 C.
- the heating rate when heating the glass plate coated with the liquid containing the titanium element is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable to raise the temperature at a rate that satisfies the following equation (2).
- b Time required to raise the temperature from 200 ° C. to 500 ° C. during heating (seconds)
- t Thickness (mm) of the glass substrate.
- the temperature can be increased in a short time to a temperature at which anatase-type titanium oxide crystals can be grown.
- a glass substrate containing an alkali metal is used as a glass substrate, Unnecessary diffusion of alkali metal ions can be prevented.
- titanium oxide is amorphous, has an incomplete crystal form, or contains volatile components, the metal ions are easily diffused. It is preferable to quickly reach a temperature at which the crystal of the type can grow. Therefore, the value of b / t is preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more.
- B Zt is preferably 30 or less. More preferably, it is 20 or less.
- the time when the temperature of the surface to which the liquid is applied is in a temperature range of 550 to 700 ° C. is 20 to 500 seconds.
- the temperature in this temperature range for a certain period of time, anatase-type crystals grow sufficiently on the glass substrate in a relatively soft state, and as a result, a strong thin film adheres to the glass substrate. It may be possible. If the time is less than 20 seconds, the photocatalytic function may not be sufficiently exhibited, the hardness and strength of the film may be insufficient, or the adhesion to the substrate may be reduced. More preferably, it is 40 seconds or more.
- the glass substrate may be distorted, alkali metal ions may diffuse into the titanium oxide thin film, or crystals having a rutile-type crystal structure may increase. It is not preferable because it may cause It is more preferably at most 300 seconds, even more preferably at most 100 seconds. Furthermore, it is particularly preferable to cool under the condition satisfying the following expression (1) after reaching the above maximum temperature.
- the value obtained by dividing the cooling rate by the square of the thickness of the glass substrate has a correlation with the value of the surface compressive stress remaining on the glass sheet obtained after cooling.
- Such rapid cooling allows the substrate surface to be cooled with compressive stress remaining.
- the remaining compressive stress on the substrate surface not only improves the strength of the glass substrate itself, but also makes it possible to make the titanium oxide film formed on the substrate surface difficult to peel off.
- the value of a / t 2 in the formula (1) is less than 0.2, the cooling rate is too high, and the glass substrate may be damaged during the cooling. It is preferably at least 0.3, more preferably at least 0.5.
- the value of a / t 2 in the formula (1) exceeds 5, the adhesion of the obtained titanium oxide thin film becomes insufficient.
- it is 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less.
- the apparatus for raising the temperature of the glass substrate, maintaining the temperature at a high temperature, and then lowering the temperature is not particularly limited as long as the processing conditions of the present invention can be satisfied.
- a tempering furnace for tempering glass can be suitably used.
- a glass plate coated with a liquid containing titanium element is introduced into a heating furnace maintained at a high temperature. It is preferable that a plurality of rollers be rotated and introduced into the heating furnace.
- the method of heating the inside of the heating furnace is not particularly limited, and may be heating by an electric heater or heating by burning a fuel such as gas or oil.
- the temperature of the glass plate is preferably raised in a heating furnace under conditions that satisfy the formula (2).
- the rotation direction of the rollers is switched in the heating furnace to Preferably, the plate is swung in the horizontal direction. In this way, local uneven heating can be prevented, and the glass plate can be prevented from being damaged.
- Conveyor conveyance and hanging conveyance can also be adopted as conveyance methods other than mouth-to-mouth conveyance.
- the temperature of the glass substrate surface in the heating furnace can be monitored continuously by a non-contact infrared thermometer. After reaching the maximum temperature, remove it from the heating furnace and cool it under conditions that satisfy equation (1).
- When taking out from the heating furnace for example, it is possible to take out by rotating a mouthpiece.
- the air is preferably blown from a number of nozzles arranged on both sides of the substrate so that the substrate can be cooled uniformly.
- the glass substrate thus obtained preferably has a surface compressive stress of 20 to 250 MPa. This value is measured according to JISR 3222. By maintaining a constant surface compressive stress in this way, the adhesion between the titanium oxide thin film and the glass substrate is improved. When the surface compressive stress remaining on the glass substrate is too small, the adhesion of the obtained titanium oxide thin film becomes insufficient, and is preferably 50 MPa or more. On the other hand, if it is too large, the glass substrate may be broken during the temperature drop, and is preferably 20 OMPa or less.
- the above-mentioned surface compressive stress can be measured on the surface on which the oxide silicon thin film is not formed.
- the crystal structure of the titanium oxide thin film thus obtained is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the thin film mainly contains an anatase type, and it is substantially an anase type. It is more preferable from the viewpoint of photocatalytic activity that the thin film is composed of only the crystals of The crystal structure of the formed titanium oxide can be confirmed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the film thickness to be formed is not particularly limited, and an average film thickness is about 0.02 to 1 m. From the viewpoint of catalytic activity, it is preferable that the film has a certain thickness or more, and particularly when it is too thin, it is easily affected by the diffusion of alkali metal ions from the substrate. It is more preferably at least 0.05 m, even more preferably at least 0.1 lm. On the other hand, even if the film thickness is increased beyond a certain level, no further improvement in the photocatalytic effect can be expected, and only the cost of raw materials will increase. It is more preferably 0.7 m or less, and even more preferably 0.5 m or less.
- the refractive index of a titanium oxide crystal is about 2.5 in the analog-to-uniform type, which is considerably higher than the refractive index of ordinary glass (about 1.5), and is derived from the anti-it at the interface.
- interference colors will occur.
- a film having a thickness of about 0.1 to 1 has a thickness that easily causes interference colors, so that slight thickness unevenness is easily recognized as interference fringes.
- the titanium element is contained as described above. It is preferable to apply the mist-like particles made of a liquid to be adhered by adhering them to the surface of the glass substrate. By doing so, it is possible to form fine irregularities on the surface of the titanium oxide thin film, and it is possible to form a thin film in which no interference color is observed and the transparency is excellent.
- the shape of the irregularities formed on the surface of the titanium oxide thin film be as deep as possible so as not to cause interference colors.
- the depth of the irregularities is more than a certain value, the film surface is whitened, and the haze value (haze value) is undesirably increased. Therefore, it is desirable to have a concavo-convex shape that satisfies both at the same time.
- the method for measuring such unevenness is not limited, and a stylus type may be used, but the depth of unevenness to prevent whitening is smaller than the wavelength of light. Therefore, observation methods that use the principle of an atomic force microscope or a tunnel microscope are preferable.
- the depth of the unevenness may be any unevenness that does not cause interference color and does not increase the haze value.
- the depth of the unevenness when scanning over a length of 13 m using an atomic force microscope is used.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rz) value specified in JISB 0601 is 5 to 50 nm.
- the value of Rz is 1 Onm or more.
- the value of Rz. Is more preferably 30 nm or less.
- the optical path length reciprocating in the titanium oxide thin film between the concave and convex portions is a value obtained by multiplying twice the depth of the concave and convex portions by 2.5 of the refractive index. Even with unevenness, the difference in optical path length is large, and it seems that interference colors are unlikely to be generated.
- the haze value (haze value) of the glass plate having the obtained titanium oxide thin film is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 2% or less.
- the haze value is a value measured according to the method described in JIS R 3212.
- the haze value is more preferably 1% or less, and even more preferably 0.5% or less.
- the light transmittance is more preferably at least 75% over the entire wavelength range described above, and even more preferably at least 80%.
- a high-strength glass plate having a titanium oxide thin film having excellent photocatalytic function, strong and good adhesion, and having a high surface compressive stress can be obtained.
- a titanium oxide thin film with good appearance can be formed on a glass plate with a large area, and at the same time, the strength of the glass can be improved, and the productivity is also good.
- the photocatalytic functions that can be exerted include, in addition to the surface hydrophilicity, antifouling functions, antibacterial functions, toxic gas decomposition functions, and deodorizing functions.
- building window glass for example, building window glass, building exterior glass, skylights, Railing glass, automotive window glass, railway vehicle window glass, aircraft window glass, ship window glass, elevator window glass, other vehicle window glass, road or railroad sound insulation Walls, cover glass for photovoltaic power generation, cover glass for solar water heaters, protective or sports goggles or masks, glass plate for frozen and refrigerated food display cases, glass plate for vegetable display cases, cover glass for measuring instruments, various mirrors, etc. Is exemplified.
- a laminated glass in which glass plates are laminated on both sides of a resin intermediate film, and at least one of the glass plates is laminated with the above-mentioned glass plate laminated with the titanium oxide thin film coated side outside is also extremely useful. It is.
- the resin interlayer used here include polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-biel acetate copolymer, and polyurethane.
- Examples of a method for producing such a laminated glass include a method of thermocompression bonding under normal pressure and a method of bonding by heating under reduced pressure.
- noise barriers for roads and railways are required to form a transparent oxide thin film that does not generate interference fringes over a large area, and a high degree of safety is required.
- the use of glass is a particularly useful application.
- the use of laminated glass using the glass plate of the present invention is particularly useful because it is highly demanded to reduce the number of cleanings as soon as it is contaminated by dust and exhaust gas, etc.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a coating apparatus that can be used in the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows FIG. 2 is a side view of the coating apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the coating apparatus in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a chart of spectral transmittance measurement of the glass plate obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 5 is a wide-angle X-ray diffraction chart of the titanium oxide thin film formed in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 shows the uneven shape of the surface of the titanium oxide thin film formed in Example 1.
- 1 is a glass substrate
- 2 is a heating furnace
- 3 is a conveyor roll
- 4 is a coating unit
- 5 is a support frame
- 6 is an air spray gun
- 7 is a nozzle
- L 1 is air.
- the formula spray gun pitch, and L2 indicates the major axis of the area where the mist reaches the surface of the glass substrate.
- a soda lime glass having a length of 100 mm and a width of 100 mm and a thickness of 4 mm was used as the raw material.
- This soda lime glass contains 10% by weight of sodium as an alkali metal, and has a softening temperature of 720 to 70 ° C. measured according to ASTM C338-57. belongs to.
- the surface compressive stress of the surface of this soda lime glass substrate on the tin diffusion layer side was measured according to JIS 3322, and was 6.3 MPa.
- Use a 1N aqueous solution of acetic acid to wash the surface of the glass substrate with a sponge, and then wash the surface of the glass substrate with 1N acetic acid aqueous solution, and then use a sponge to dilute the surfactant with water. Washed. Thereafter, the surfactant was washed away with a large amount of water, and then air blow was performed to remove water.
- the cleaned glass substrate is placed on the wall, and on the side opposite to the tin diffusion layer side, an air-type spray gun made by Vanest Iwata Co., Ltd., containing titanium oxide fine particles using a small LPH—100—124 LV GJ
- the sol containing titanium oxide particles used here was “YAL-C ⁇ AT” manufactured by Yamanaka Sangyo Co., Ltd. This sol contains titanium oxide fine particles and also contains peroxytitanic acid.
- the content of titanium element is about 0.5% by weight, the medium is mainly water, and the pH of the liquid is 6.8.
- the air pressure supplied to the spray gun is 0.2 MPa (differential pressure from atmospheric pressure is about 0.2 IMP a), and the coating amount per unit time from the nozzle is set to 5 m 1 / min. It was applied while moving horizontally while maintaining a certain distance from a position 15 cm away from it. When it reached the left end or the right end, it was displaced in the vertical direction and the whole was applied. Fine and uniform mist droplets uniformly adhered to the glass substrate. At this time, the entire glass substrate was not uniformly wetted, and liquid was not allowed to flow.
- the glass plate on which the coating film thus obtained was formed was subjected to heat treatment using a toughening furnace “HTF 2448” manufactured by Tamgrass Engineering. First, it was placed on a transport roller with the coated surface facing upward at room temperature, and the roller was rotated and transported into a heating furnace. The heating furnace is maintained at 705-735 ° C by electric heater. The surface temperature of the coating surface of the glass substrate conveyed therein was monitored over time by a non-contact infrared thermometer installed inside the heating furnace. As a result, it took 64 seconds for the temperature to rise from 200 ° C to 500T. The value (bZt) obtained by dividing the required time (b: seconds) by the plate thickness (t: mm) was 16. Roller in heating furnace Oscillation (oscillation) operation was repeated while reversing one rotation to prevent generation of heating mura.
- HTF 2448 manufactured by Tamgrass Engineering.
- the time from reaching 550 ° C in the heating furnace to cooling through the maximum temperature of 625 ° C to 550 ° C in the cooling bath was 50 seconds. In addition, it took 14 seconds for the temperature to drop from 500 ° C to 200 ° C during cooling. Duration (a: second) Thickness: squared divided by the value of (t mm) (a Z t 2) was 0 8 8.. After cooling to almost room temperature in a cooling bath, a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film was produced.
- the average thickness of the obtained titanium oxide thin film is about 0.3 m, calculated from the coating amount at the time of application.
- the appearance was colorless and transparent, and when observed closely from an oblique direction close to the direction parallel to the substrate, the film was slightly opaque. At first glance, it had a transparent and good appearance. No interference color was observed.
- the spectral transmittance measurement chart of the obtained glass plate is shown in Fig. 4, and has a good light transmittance of 80% or more in the entire visible light range (380 nm to 780 nm). Was. Further, the haze value (haze value) was measured according to JISR 3212, and was found to be almost 0% (less than 0.1%).
- Fig. 5 shows the results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement of the obtained titanium oxide thin film.
- squares indicate diffraction peaks derived from an analog crystal structure
- inverted triangles indicate diffraction peaks derived from a rutile crystal structure.
- a peak derived from an anatase-type titanium oxide crystal was observed, and a peak derived from a rutile-type titanium oxide crystal was not observed.
- the surface of the obtained titanium oxide thin film was scanned with a scanning probe microscope J manufactured by JEOL Ltd. Observation was performed using SPM-4200. The surface shape is observed by measuring the atomic force between the sharp probe and the sample surface.
- Figure 6 shows the results of measurement of the unevenness of the surface by scanning at a distance of 13 m in AFM contact mode.
- the value of the ten-point average roughness Rz specified in JISB0601 is 18.4 nm, which indicates that irregularities significantly smaller than the wavelength of visible light are formed.
- the surface hardness was measured by mounting a nano mechanical system “T rib 0 scope” manufactured by Hy sitron on the probe microscope. The hardness (Hardness) of the obtained film was 6.22 GPa.
- the surface compressive stress of the obtained sheet glass was measured at 104MPa according to JISR 3222 on the surface where the titanium oxide thin film was not formed, and it was 104MPa, which is almost the same as that of general 4mm thick tempered glass. Surface compressive stress.
- Example 2 The same sol containing titanium oxide fine particles as in Example 1 was applied to a soda lime glass substrate washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the washed glass substrate was placed on a wall surface, and the surface of the glass substrate opposite to the tin diffusion layer side was heated in advance with an infrared heater so that the surface temperature was about 35.
- a sol containing titanium oxide fine particles was applied to the surface of the heated glass substrate using the same air spray gun. That is, the air pressure supplied to the spray gun was set to 0.2 MPa (the differential pressure from the atmospheric pressure was about 0.2 IMPa), and the coating amount per unit time from the nozzle was set to 5 m 1 / min.
- Example 3 The glass plate on which the coating film thus obtained was formed was heat-treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to form a titanium oxide thin film.
- the appearance was colorless and transparent, and the degree of white turbidity that could be confirmed by observing it from an oblique direction close to the direction parallel to the substrate was about the same as in Example 1. . Also, no interference color was observed.
- Example 3
- a soda lime glass substrate washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 was used.
- the same sol containing titanium oxide fine particles was applied.
- a commercially available ultrasonic sprayer for humidification was used. After the temperature of the sol in the tank of the sprayer was heated to 90 ° C, spray coating was performed on a glass substrate having a surface temperature of 23 ° C. From a position 20 cm away from the glass substrate, mist droplets were made to adhere uniformly on the glass substrate. After being attached to the glass substrate, it was dried using a dryer. In the above-mentioned coating operation, as in Example 1, although slightly cloudy immediately after coating, it became almost transparent when dried. Further, before and after the drying, no coloring considered to be derived from the interference color was observed.
- Example 4 The glass plate on which the coating film thus obtained was formed was heat-treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to form a titanium oxide thin film.
- the appearance is colorless and transparent, and the degree of white turbidity that can be confirmed by observing from an oblique direction close to the direction parallel to the substrate is even less than that of Example 1, and the transparency is better than that of Example 1. Was. Also, no interference color was observed.
- Example 4
- Example 1 Before the heat treatment, a coating film was applied to a glass substrate in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained glass substrate was introduced into a heating furnace which was heated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same operation as in Example 1 was performed until the maximum temperature reached 625 ° C.
- the temperature reached the maximum temperature it was transported from the heating furnace to the cooling tank using rollers and introduced into the cooling tank, where it was gradually cooled without blowing cooling air.
- the rocking by the reversing operation of the roller was continued to prevent uneven cooling.
- the time from reaching 550 ° C in the heating furnace to passing through the maximum temperature of 625 to cooling to 550 ° C in the cooling bath was 110 seconds.
- Thickness squared divided by the value of (t mm) (a Z t 2) was 1 8 8..
- the glass plate was gradually cooled in a cooling bath to almost room temperature to produce a glass plate coated with a titanium oxide thin film.
- the average thickness of the obtained titanium oxide thin film is about 0.3 ⁇ m, calculated from the coating amount at the time of coating.
- the appearance was colorless and transparent, and when observed closely from an oblique direction close to the direction parallel to the substrate, the film was slightly opaque. At first glance, it had a transparent and good appearance. No interference color was observed. It was possible to obtain a thin film which did not differ in appearance from Example 1.
- Example 1 When a pencil hardness test was performed on the obtained titanium oxide thin film, when rubbed with a pencil having a hardness of 2 H, the film was completely peeled off and the substrate surface was exposed. The film hardness or adhesion was lower than in Example 1. When the contact angle of the titanium oxide thin film surface with water was measured, it was 5 degrees or less, and this point was not different from Example 1.
- the surface compressive stress of the obtained sheet glass was measured by measuring the surface compressive stress of the surface on which the titanium oxide thin film was not formed in accordance with JISR 3222, and was found to be 0.7 MPa. It was almost zero. That is, when the surface compressive stress was reduced by slow cooling, it was difficult to form a strong titanium oxide thin film, and the adhesion was insufficient. This demonstrates that it is effective to cool at a constant rate and form a titanium oxide thin film under the condition that the surface compressive stress remains.
- a soda-lime glass substrate that had been washed and dried in the same manner as in Example 1 was set up, and the same sol containing titanium oxide fine particles as in Example 1 was applied to the surface of the soda-lime glass substrate, whereby the substrate was applied by a flow coating method.
- the substrate thus obtained was heated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a glass substrate having a titanium oxide thin film formed on the surface.
- a strong titanium oxide thin film having excellent friction resistance can be formed on a glass substrate.
- a metal oxide thin film having a high refractive index such as titanium oxide is formed over a wide area, it is useful because a good appearance can be obtained.
- This thin film has a function as a photocatalyst, and can provide a glass having a photocatalytic function having excellent durability.
- the glass plate since the glass plate has a high strength, it is possible to provide a glass plate most suitable for applications requiring anti-fogging property, anti-fouling property, decomposition of organic substances, strength, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (7)
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AT03712841T ATE516252T1 (de) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | Herstellungsverfahren für eine mit einem titanoxiddünnfilm beschichtete glasscheibe |
PCT/JP2003/003503 WO2004085330A1 (ja) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | 酸化チタン薄膜で被覆されたガラス板の製造方法 |
CNB038265249A CN100473620C (zh) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | 用氧化钛薄膜包覆的玻璃板的制造方法 |
US10/549,910 US20060201202A1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | Method for producing glass sheet coated with titanium oxide thin film |
AU2003220993A AU2003220993A1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | Method for producing glass sheet coated with titanium oxide thin film |
JP2004569910A JP4387313B2 (ja) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | 酸化チタン薄膜で被覆されたガラス板の製造方法 |
EP03712841A EP1604960B1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | Method for producing glass sheet coated with titanium oxide thin film |
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JP2009519890A (ja) * | 2005-12-20 | 2009-05-21 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 二酸化チタンゾル、その製造方法及びこれを含む被覆組成物 |
JP2012523072A (ja) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-09-27 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | 有機発光ダイオード装置の取付部としてのテクスチャ表面を備える構造体を製造する方法、およびテクスチャ表面を備えるoled構造体 |
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US20070264426A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-15 | Essilor International Compagnie Generale D'optique | Optical lens coating apparatus and method |
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- 2003-03-24 WO PCT/JP2003/003503 patent/WO2004085330A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4387313B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 |
US20060201202A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
CN1771209A (zh) | 2006-05-10 |
ATE516252T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
EP1604960A4 (en) | 2007-08-01 |
AU2003220993A1 (en) | 2004-10-18 |
JPWO2004085330A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
CN100473620C (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
EP1604960A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
EP1604960B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
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