WO2004047188A1 - リン化硼素系半導体発光素子、その製造方法及び発光ダイオード - Google Patents
リン化硼素系半導体発光素子、その製造方法及び発光ダイオード Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004047188A1 WO2004047188A1 PCT/JP2003/014597 JP0314597W WO2004047188A1 WO 2004047188 A1 WO2004047188 A1 WO 2004047188A1 JP 0314597 W JP0314597 W JP 0314597W WO 2004047188 A1 WO2004047188 A1 WO 2004047188A1
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/16—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular crystal structure or orientation, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous
- H01L33/18—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular crystal structure or orientation, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous within the light emitting region
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/12—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a stress relaxation structure, e.g. buffer layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system containing nitrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention provides a low forward voltage or low threshold voltage,
- the present invention relates to a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device having excellent directional voltage, high luminous intensity, and little decrease in luminous intensity due to long-term energization. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device and a light emitting diode comprising the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device.
- Non-patent Document 1 illustrates a cross-sectional structure of a conventional general compound semiconductor LED manufactured from a stacked structure of a group III nitride semiconductor layer stacked on a crystal substrate.
- the substrate 1 0 1, sapphire (alpha-Alpha 1 2 Omicron 3 single crystal) or silicon carbide (chemical formula: S i C) single crystal is utilized exclusively ing.
- a lower cladding layer 102 for providing light emission to the light emitting layer 103 and “confinement” of the carrier is provided on the surface of the substrate 101.
- the lower cladding layer 102 is made of a group III nitride semiconductor having a wider band gap than the material forming the light emitting layer 103, for example, n-type aluminum nitride nitride.
- Non-Patent Document 1 On the lower cladding layer 102, a light emitting layer 103 is laminated.
- the light emitting layer 103 is composed of a group III nitride semiconductor layer in which the composition ratio of the constituent elements is adjusted so as to obtain a desired light emitting wavelength. For example, appropriately selected Lee Njiu beam (symbol of element: I n).
- N-type nitride gully um having a composition ratio of Lee emissions Jiumu (Formula: G a x I n 1 -x N: 0 ⁇ X ⁇ l) Is a general constituent material of the light emitting layer 103.
- an upper cladding layer 103 made of a group III nitride semiconductor having a conductivity type opposite to that of the lower cladding layer 102 for exerting a "confinement" effect. 6 are provided.
- the light emitting layer 103 has a quantum well structure in order to obtain light emission with a narrow half width of the light emitting spectrum and excellent monochromaticity.
- the well (we11) layer 103a is generally composed of n-type GaxIn ⁇ xN (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1).
- a barrier layer 103 b joined to the well layer 103 a in order to “confine” the light emission and the carrier in the well layer 103 a is a well layer 103 a. It is composed of a group III nitride semiconductor with a larger forbidden width.
- a 1 X G a 1 - a good example is to consist X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1) .
- the quantum well structure that forms the light emitting layer 103 includes a single quantum well (English abbreviation: SQW) structure that includes only one well layer 103a in quantitative terms.
- SQW single quantum well
- MQW multiple quantum well
- the light emitting layer 103 is composed of an MQW formed by repeating a junction pair of a well layer 103a and a barrier layer 103b repeatedly in three cycles.
- the light emitting layer 103 having the structure is illustrated.
- the conventional laminated structure 11 for LED uses an n-type conductive layer (specifically, a lower clad layer 102) on the substrate 101 side, and an upper clad layer on the surface side. It is called a P-side-up type because of its configuration in which the p-type conductive layer of 106 is provided.
- An extremely common p-side-up type LED 10 which is a group III nitride semiconductor and is very common in the ED, is brought into direct contact with the surface of the p-type upper cladding layer 106. Thus, a P-type ohmic electrode 107 is formed.
- the p-type upper cladding layer 106 In order to form the p-type ohmic electrode 107 having a low contact resistance, the p-type upper cladding layer 106 must be composed of a p-type conductive layer having good conductivity.
- the P-type upper cladding layer 106 is generally composed of a GaN layer to which magnesium (element code: Mg) is added (dop ing).
- Mg element code
- the Mg-added GaN layer formed by the vapor phase growth means has a high resistance in an as-grown state, so that it becomes a p-type layer after the vapor phase growth. In such a case, complicated operations such as heat treatment or electron beam irradiation in a vacuum are required.
- BP monomeric boron phosphide
- P. POPPER Boron Phosphide, a III-V Compound of Zinc-Blende Structure, (UK), Nature, May 25, 1995 See Sun, No. 569, p. Boron phosphide is an indirect-transition semiconductor in which the efficiency of radiative recombination that causes light emission is relatively low.
- boron phosphide crystal layer has been used not as an active layer of a semiconductor light emitting element or a light receiving element but as another functional layer.
- a boron phosphide crystal layer exhibiting n-type conduction is an n-type emitter layer of a hetero bipolar transistor (HBT) or a pn junction type silicon ( S i) Used as a window layer for transmitting sunlight from solar cells.
- HBT hetero bipolar transistor
- S i pn junction type silicon
- a p-type crystal layer can be obtained by doping magnesium (Mg) with monomeric boron phosphide (chemical formula: BP), a kind of III-V compound semiconductor.
- Mg monomeric boron phosphide
- BP monomeric boron phosphide
- III-V compound semiconductor a kind of III-V compound semiconductor.
- the P-type ohmic electrode is made of a gold-zinc (Au ⁇ Zn) alloy.
- Au ⁇ Zn gold-zinc
- the p-type boron phosphide crystal layer according to the prior art is formed at a high temperature of 850 ° C to 115 ° C, for example, by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). ing.
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- the practical vapor growth temperature of n-type G a XI n 1-X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1) forming the well layer of the above quantum well structure is 600 ° C.
- the temperature is as low as about 850 ° C. (see, for example, JP-A-6-260680).
- a well layer with a target indium composition by suppressing the volatilization of indium (In) from the n-type G a x In 1-x N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1) of the thin well layer In order to bring about stable.
- a technique for forming an ohmic electrode with low contact resistance is also important.
- Vf forward voltage
- Vth threshold
- a technique for forming an ohmic electrode with low contact resistance is also important.
- a P-side-up type light-emitting device it is particularly important how to form a p-type phantom electrode in contact with a low-resistance p-type conductive layer. This is achieved by replacing the conventional group III nitride semiconductor layer, which requires complicated operations to form a low-resistance p-type conduction layer, with a p-type phosphorus doped with magnesium (Mg) as described above.
- Mg magnesium
- Means for forming a p-type upper cladding layer from a boron semiconductor crystal layer can also be considered as one solution.
- a P-type boron phosphide crystal layer doped with magnesium (Mg) is formed as an upper clad layer on a light emitting layer having a quantum well structure in which thin film layers are stacked.
- Mg magnesium
- the preferable vapor phase growth temperature is significantly different between the well layer constituting the light emitting layer of the quantum well structure and the P-type boron phosphide layer. Therefore, when the p-type boron phosphide layer is grown at a high temperature in a vapor phase, the indium composition ratio of the indium nitride semiconductor layer forming the well layer is caused to fluctuate. Fluctuations in the composition ratio of the indium generally appear as a decrease in the composition ratio of the indium, which causes the quantum level in the well layer to be unstable.
- a barrier layer for example, a junction barrier between a barrier layer made of GaN and a well layer Since the difference is small, the effect of "confinement" of light and carrier is not sufficiently exhibited, and therefore, it is an obstacle to providing a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device which emits light of high intensity. .
- monomer boron boron has a smaller effective mass of holes (ho 1 e) than electrons, so it is easier to obtain a p-type conduction layer than an n-type conduction layer.
- n-type conduction layer is It tends to be difficult to obtain a low-resistance p-type conductive layer in an as_grown state.
- a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer is formed by setting the concentration ratio of the phosphorus material to the boron material supplied to the vapor phase growth region, that is, the so-called V / III ratio to a low ratio. It is said that. See above.
- V / III ratio concentration ratio of the phosphorus material to the boron material supplied to the vapor phase growth region. It is said that. See above.
- both the barrier layer and the well layer constituting the quantum well structure are thin layers of several tens of nanometers (unit: nm) or several nanometers, so that thermal deterioration of these thin film layers is suppressed.
- nm nanometers
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- An n-type lower cladding layer composed of an n-type compound semiconductor and an n-type light-emitting layer composed of an n-type group III nitride semiconductor on a conductive or high-resistance single crystal substrate surface.
- a light emitting portion having a heterogeneous junction structure comprising: a p-type upper cladding layer made of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided on the light-emitting layer; and the p-type upper cladding. P-type in contact with layer And a P-type upper cladding layer provided between the n-type light emitting layer and the amorphous boron phosphide-based semiconductor.
- a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device characterized by being provided via a layer.
- the amorphous layer is composed of a first amorphous layer in contact with the n-type light-emitting layer and a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor having a higher carrier concentration than the first amorphous layer.
- the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device according to the above (1) having a multilayer structure including a second amorphous layer in contact with the p-type upper cladding layer.
- the second amorphous layer is made of a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor grown at a higher temperature than the first amorphous layer.
- the p-type upper cladding layer is composed of a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor having a dislocation density equal to or less than that of the group III nitride semiconductor forming the n-type light emitting layer.
- the p-type upper cladding layer has a ceptor concentration of 2 XI 0 19 cm 3 or more and 4 xi 0 20 cm 3 or less at room temperature, and a carrier concentration of 5 xl 0 18 at room temperature.
- l Q 'cm composed of p Katachiri emissions boron of polycrystal en de one-flop
- the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device according to the above (1), wherein:
- the p-type electrode provided on the p-type upper cladding layer is made of a material having non-ohmic contact with the P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor forming the p-type upper cladding layer. a bottom electrode in contact with the surface of the p-type upper cladding layer; and a p-type rib extending electrically so as to be in electrical contact with the bottom electrode and also in contact with the surface of the p-type upper cladding layer.
- the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device comprising: a P-type ohmic electrode which is in humid contact with the boron phosphide-based semiconductor.
- the p-type ohmic electrode is provided so as to extend as a strip-shaped electrode on the surface of the P-type upper cladding layer where the bottom electrode is not formed.
- the bottom electrode is made of a gold-tin (Au ⁇ Sn) alloy or a gold-silicon (Au ⁇ Si) alloy. Boron phosphide semiconductor light emitting device.
- the p-type ohmic electrode is composed of a gold-beryllium (Au'Be) alloy or a gold-zinc (Au-Zn) alloy.
- Au'Be gold-beryllium
- Au-Zn gold-zinc alloy.
- the p-type electrode is made of nickel (Ni) or its compound.
- An intermediate layer made of a transition metal is provided between the p-type ohmic electrode and the bottom electrode, and the boron phosphide-based material described in (9) above is provided.
- Semiconductor light emitting device is
- An n-type lower cladding layer composed of an n-type compound semiconductor and an n-type light emitting composed of an n-type group III nitride semiconductor are sequentially formed on the surface of a conductive or high-resistance single crystal substrate.
- a light emitting portion having a heterogeneous junction structure comprising a layer and a p-type upper cladding layer made of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided on the light emitting layer;
- a method for manufacturing a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device in which a p-type ohmic electrode is formed in contact with a head layer a method comprising: A p-type upper cladding layer composed of a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer is formed by a vapor phase growth method via an amorphous layer composed of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor
- a method for manufacturing a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device characterized by the above.
- An n-type lower cladding layer composed of an n-type compound semiconductor and an n-type light emitting layer composed of an n-type Group III nitride semiconductor on a conductive or high-resistance single crystal substrate surface.
- a p-type upper cladding layer made of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided on the light-emitting layer to form a light-emitting portion having a heterogeneous junction structure.
- a P-type ohmic electrode is formed by contacting a p-type ohmic electrode, Forming a first amorphous layer made of a boron-based semiconductor and bonding to the first amorphous layer to form an amorphous P-type having a higher carrier concentration than the first amorphous layer;
- a second amorphous layer composed of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor is formed by vapor phase growth means, and is joined to the second amorphous layer to form a P-type composed of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer.
- the p-type upper cladding layer is vapor phased at a temperature of more than 750 ° C and less than 1200 ° C, and a VZIII ratio of more than 600 and less than 200 ° C.
- the first amorphous layer, the second amorphous layer, and the p-type upper cladding layer are all made of boron phosphide (BP).
- BP boron phosphide
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a conventional LED.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of the LED described in Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional structure of the LED described in Example 2.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the LED described in Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the LED described in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the laminated structure for producing the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting device according to the present invention includes silicon (Si) single crystal (silicon), gallium nitride (GaN), and gallium phosphide. um (G a P) III one V group such as a compound semiconductor single crystal, sapphire. the (a 1 2 0 3 single crystal) oxide single crystal such as formed by the substrate.
- um (G a P) III one V group such as a compound semiconductor single crystal, sapphire.
- the (a 1 2 0 3 single crystal) oxide single crystal such as formed by the substrate.
- an n-type conductive substrate For example, a phosphorus (P) -doped n-type silicon single crystal substrate can be used.
- n-type lower cladding layer is provided on the surface of the single crystal substrate.
- the n-type lower cladding layer is deposited, for example, by vapor phase growth techniques such as metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- the lower cladding layer located between the single crystal substrate and the light-emitting layer exhibits n-type conduction. It is desirable to form the conductive layer from a low-resistance conductive layer with a thickness of less than 'cm ( ⁇ ⁇ cm).
- the n-type lower cladding layer is made of an n-type compound semiconductor, for example, a group III-V compound semiconductor such as n-type gallium nitride.
- low resistivity with a resistivity of less than 0.1 ⁇ cm N-type boron phosphide is suitably used for forming an n-type lower cladding layer.
- a light emitting layer is provided on the lower cladding layer.
- the light emitting layer is made of an n-type group III nitride semiconductor.
- the light emitting layer can be stacked using a vapor phase growth means.
- the light emitting layer is composed of a semiconductor material having a band gap corresponding to a desired light emission wavelength.
- the light-emitting layer that emits light in the blue band, a direct transition type nitride gully um 'Lee indium (formula G a x I n 1 _ x N: 0 ⁇ X ⁇ l)
- Ya nitride Li emissions reduction gully um It can be composed of a composition formula G a N ⁇ Pi-v: 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1).
- the light-emitting layer that emits light in the ultraviolet to near-ultraviolet and green bands can be obtained.
- a gallium nitride-based mixed crystal of the wurtzite crystal type (Wurtzite) an n-type conductive layer can be obtained more easily than a p-type due to the degenerate structure of the valence band. . Therefore, a group III nitride semiconductor such as n-type G a XI n! _ X N (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1) can be used as a material for forming an n-type light emitting layer.
- the light emitting layer is preferably a light emitting layer having a quantum well structure including a well layer and a barrier layer.
- a quantum well structure the emission spectrum has a narrow half-width of the emission spectrum and can emit light with excellent monochromaticity.
- the quantum well structure may be a single quantum well (SQW) structure including only one well layer in quantitative terms, or a plurality of well layers in which a junction pair of a well layer and a barrier layer is periodically and repeatedly stacked.
- SQW single quantum well
- MQW Multiple quantum well
- a p-type upper cladding layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of the n-type lower cladding layer is provided on the n-type light emitting layer.
- the p-type upper cladding layer is replaced with a p-type boron phosphide-based material instead of a group III nitride semiconductor in which it is difficult to easily obtain a low-resistance P-type conductive layer from the valence band structure described above.
- Composed of semiconductor Preferably, it is composed of monomeric boron phosphide (BP). In particular, It is composed of polycrystalline boron phosphide.
- the upper cladding layer made of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor is formed via an amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor on the light emitting layer.
- the boron phosphide semiconductor is a cubic zinc-blende crystal type III-V compound semiconductor containing boron (element symbol: B) and phosphorus (element symbol: P).
- B boron
- P phosphorus
- the yo Ri Specifically, Li emissions boron (beta [rho) of the monomer, Li down boron Galli um 'Lee indium (formula B a G a v I n a - y P:. 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) and boron nitride (composition formula ⁇ ⁇ 1- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ : 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1) boron arsenide (composition formula ⁇ ⁇ P j. ⁇ A s ⁇ ) is a mixed crystal containing a plurality of Group V elements.
- monomeric boron phosphide is a basic component of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor mixed crystal, and if BP having a wide bandgap is used as a base material, boron having a wide bandgap is used.
- a boron nitride-based mixed crystal can be formed.
- Amorphous layer consisting of a re-emission of boron for example, boron trichloride (molecular formula: BC 1 3) or a three-Li emissions chloride (molecular formula: PC 1 3) halo Gen (halogen) method, which is referred to as a starting material ( "Japan The crystal growth is performed according to the journal of the Japan Society for Crystal Growth, V o 1.24, No. 2 (1997), p. 150).
- a hydride method using borane (molecular formula: BH 3 ) or diborane (molecular formula: B 2 H 6 ) and phosphine (molecular formula: PH 3 ) as raw materials J.
- the MOCVD method uses a readily decomposable substance such as triethylboron (molecular formula: (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B) as a boron source. It is an advantageous growth method.
- triethylboron / phosphine (molecular formula: PH 3 ) Z hydrogen (H 2 ) reaction system at normal pressure (approximately atmospheric pressure) or under reduced pressure MOCVD method it is possible to use the reaction system at more than 250 ° C and 120 ° C. Grow as C or lower.
- polymeric boron phosphide crystals such as B 13 P 2 (J. Am. Ceramic Soc., 47 (1) (1964), 44) , P.
- an amorphous phase composed of monomeric boron phosphide cannot be stably formed.
- a polycrystalline layer containing boron and phosphorus tends to be formed.
- the supply amount of the phosphorus source to the boron source so-called, If the vzi II ratio is reduced, an amorphous layer can be formed.
- the amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor can be either a well layer or a barrier layer at the most front end (most terminal) of the quantum well structure forming the light emitting layer.
- the laminated structure provided by being joined to the barrier layer at the final end is most preferable.
- the barrier layer at the final end provided in contact with the well layer serves as a coating layer for the well layer, for example, due to sublimation during the vapor phase growth of an amorphous boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer. This effectively acts to suppress the loss of the well layer.
- a method of providing an amorphous boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer at a low temperature equal to or lower than the vapor phase growth temperature of a group III nitride semiconductor layer forming a barrier layer or a well layer includes, for example, indium (In) This has the effect of preventing thermal denaturation of the well layer due to condensation of the above.
- indium (In) This has the effect of preventing thermal denaturation of the well layer due to condensation of the above.
- vapor phase growth is performed at a lower temperature than in the case of the well layer, this is an effective method for avoiding thermal denaturation of the barrier layer together with the well layer.
- gas phase growth at a lower temperature than the barrier layer and the well layer is preferable, and as described above, a low temperature of less than 250 ° C. is necessary for forming an amorphous boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer.
- the thickness of the amorphous layer can be measured, for example, by observation with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Whether the formed layer is amorphous can be determined by electron diffraction or X-ray diffraction. It can be determined from the diffraction image of diffraction. The electron diffraction image of the amorphous layer becomes halo (ha1o). In addition, the stoichiometric composition ratio of boron and phosphorus constituting the amorphous layer is determined, for example, by quantitative analysis of boron and phosphorus based on Auger electron spectroscopy. Required from.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the amorphous layer may have a single-layer structure, or may have a multilayer structure of two or more layers.
- the amorphous layer in contact with the light emitting layer is hereinafter referred to as a first amorphous layer
- the amorphous layer in contact with the upper cladding layer is referred to as a second amorphous layer.
- the V / III ratio is formed as 45.
- the amorphous boron phosphide layer formed with a relatively high V-III ratio has a high resistance with a carrier (hole) concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm 3 or less. It becomes.
- the first amorphous layer having excellent adhesion to the light emitting layer is
- the first amorphous layer which can be suitably composed of a high-resistance layer containing boron and phosphorus with a stoichiometric composition, provides an “adsorption site” for the second amorphous layer and provides a uniform It has the effect of promoting vapor phase growth.
- the first amorphous layer is preferably about 1 nm or more, more preferably sufficient to cover the surface of the light emitting layer uniformly.
- the thickness of the first amorphous layer is preferably set so as to appropriately pass an operating current for driving the light emitting element. Is preferably 50 nm or less. Further, the thickness of the first amorphous layer is preferably 5 nm to 20 nm. The thickness of the first amorphous layer is controlled by adjusting the supply time of the boron source to the growth region.
- the second amorphous layer which provides such a low-resistance P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor single crystal layer at room temperature, is stoichiometrically occupied by boron or the like with respect to group V elements such as phosphorus atoms.
- the second amorphous layer which is equivalently rich in boron, can be conveniently formed at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the first amorphous layer below was formed. For example, after forming the first amorphous layer on the light emitting layer at a temperature in the range of 350 to 650, at a temperature in the range of 1000 to 1200 ° C. There is a method of forming a second amorphous layer which serves as a base layer for forming a low-resistance p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor crystal layer by as-grown.
- a method of forming both of these amorphous layers by changing the vapor phase growth means.
- a method of forming a second amorphous layer serving as a base for obtaining a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor crystal layer is simple and convenient. It is.
- the first amorphous layer provided to be bonded to the light-emitting layer is It acts as a protective layer that can suppress the thermal decomposition of.
- a second amorphous layer made of a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor is laminated on the first amorphous layer.
- the second amorphous layer which has enhanced adhesion to the light emitting layer due to the function of the first amorphous layer, has a function of providing a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer.
- the second amorphous layer made of boron phosphide can also be formed by the vapor phase growth means as described above.
- the second amorphous layer is composed of an amorphous metal exhibiting P-type conduction, which is stoichiometrically richer than boron.
- the layer be composed of a boron nitride layer. If the VZ III ratio during the vapor phase growth is made smaller, an amorphous boron phosphide layer containing more abundant boron can be formed. Also, the richer the chemical equivalent of boron, the higher the carrier (hole) concentration.
- Calibration Li A concentration of the second amorphous layer, 5 X l 0 18 cm- 3 or more in 1 X 1 0 2 () c m- 3 not more than preferred.
- the receptor concentration at room temperature is preferably 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm 3 or more and 4 ⁇ 102 () cm 3 or less.
- the second amorphous layer having a hole concentration lower than the above range generally has a high resistance.
- Layer for example, which makes it difficult to obtain an LED with a low forward voltage (V f).
- V f forward voltage
- the excess acceptor component present inside the second amorphous layer diffuses and penetrates into the light emitting layer, and the n-type carrier of the light emitting layer is formed. (Electron) is electrically compensated, causing a disadvantage of increasing the resistance of the light emitting layer.
- the second amorphous layer is preferably composed of a so-called undope boron phosphide layer to which impurities are not intentionally added. This is to prevent impurities from diffusing from the amorphous layer into the light emitting layer and causing a change in the resistance of the light emitting layer when the amorphous layer of boron phosphide is vapor-phase grown.
- the thickness of the second amorphous layer which is an underlayer for forming a polycrystalline boron phosphide layer exhibiting P-type conduction, which forms the P-type upper cladding layer, is 2 nm or more and 450 nm. It is preferably set to nm or less.
- An ultra-thin film of less than 2 nm does not cover the surface of the first amorphous layer evenly and evenly, and thus has excellent in-plane uniformity of layer thickness and carrier concentration. It does not lead to a cladding layer.
- the amorphous layer is rich in boron, which is inconvenient for obtaining an amorphous layer having a flat surface.
- the preferred film forming temperature differs between the first amorphous layer and the second amorphous layer. This is due to the difference in function between the two layers.
- the formation process of each layer will be described in detail.
- the first amorphous layer formed by bonding to the surface of the underlying crystal is a layer provided to alleviate the lattice mismatch between the underlying crystal and the P-type boron phosphide crystal layer. is there.
- the first amorphous layer having such a function supplies a boron-containing compound (boron raw material) and a phosphorus-containing compound (lin raw material) to the vapor phase growth region.
- the first amorphous layer may be vapor-phase grown by heating to a temperature of more than C and less than 75 ° C.
- the film formation temperature (temperature of the underlying crystal) is 250 ° C or less. In this case, the thermal decomposition of the boron raw material and the phosphorus raw material does not sufficiently proceed, and a layer containing boron and phosphorus may not be formed.
- the formed layer becomes polycrystalline. It may have a structure or a single crystal structure, and an amorphous layer may not be formed.
- the first amorphous layer can be efficiently formed by vapor-phase growth with a low VZIII ratio.
- the VZIII ratio is preferably 0.2 or more and 50 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 50 or less.
- halogen vapor phase growth method as a film forming method, as a raw material three Nioika ⁇ arsenide (Formula: BB r 3) and three re down chloride (Formula: PC 1 3)
- the VZ III ratio is preferably set to about 10.
- the VZ III ratio is set to a high ratio of more than 50, a polycrystalline layer may be formed, and the first amorphous layer may not be formed stably.
- the first amorphous layer is preferably a p-type conductive layer containing stoichiometrically rich boron atoms out of boron atoms and phosphorus atoms. It depends on the reason.
- the second amorphous layer is preferably a p-type conductive layer. Then, since the second amorphous layer grows while inheriting the properties of the first amorphous layer, the first non-crystalline layer is required to obtain the second amorphous layer which is a p-type conductive layer. This is because it is preferable that the crystalline layer be a p-type conductive layer.
- the thickness of the first amorphous layer is preferably 2 nm or more and 50 nm or less. If the thickness of the first amorphous layer is less than 2 nm, the surface of the surface on which the base crystal is to be deposited may not be sufficiently and uniformly covered. The result
- the strain due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion or the like cannot be evenly alleviated, and the P-type boron phosphide crystal layer may be separated from the underlying crystal.
- the thickness of the first amorphous layer is 2 nm or more, the surface of the base crystal can be uniformly coated, and such a problem does not occur.
- the first amorphous layer also has a function as a surface protective layer that suppresses thermal decomposition of a base crystal when forming the first amorphous layer, but has a thickness of 2 nm or more. By increasing the thickness, such a function is stably exhibited.
- the second amorphous layer is a layer that functions as a layer to be deposited to provide a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer. By forming this layer, the p-type boron phosphide crystal layer is formed. Can be easily and stably formed. Further, the second amorphous layer also functions as a protective layer that suppresses thermal decomposition of the first amorphous layer during vapor phase growth of the second amorphous layer. The second amorphous layer, like the first amorphous layer, supplies a boron-containing compound (boron source) and a phosphorus-containing compound (lin source) to the vapor phase growth region. It can be formed by doing so.
- the same vapor-phase growth method employed when forming the first amorphous layer may be employed, or a different vapor-phase growth method may be employed.
- the growth method may be used, but the former is preferred from the viewpoint of production efficiency.
- a different vapor deposition method for example, the first amorphous layer is grown by a diborane (B 2 H 6 ) phosphine (PH 3 ) hydrogen (H 2 ) hydride method. After that, an appropriate combination may be selected, such as forming a second amorphous layer by MOCVD vapor phase epitaxy.
- the second amorphous layer is composed of a composition in which boron atoms are stoichiometrically rich, out of boron atoms and phosphorus atoms.
- a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer can be stably formed thereon.
- the ratio is equal when the ratio of the number of boron atoms to the number of phosphorus atoms is 1: 1.
- the film is formed so that the number of boron atoms is about 0.5 to 1.0% larger than the number of phosphorus atoms.
- the film forming temperature of the second amorphous layer be 100 ° C. or more and 1200 ° C. or less. By forming the film at such a temperature, the second amorphous layer stoichiometrically rich in boron can be formed stably. Note that, since the first amorphous layer has already been formed on the base crystal, the first amorphous layer functions as a surface protective layer, and the first amorphous layer is formed at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher. Even when the amorphous layer 2 is formed, thermal decomposition of the underlying crystal is suppressed.
- the preferred III ratio for forming the second amorphous layer is 2 or more and 50 or less as in the case of the first amorphous layer. Since the temperature is higher than that of the first amorphous layer, it is preferable to form the film at a VZIII ratio larger than that at the time of forming the first amorphous layer. To form a film at a higher V / III ratio than when the first amorphous layer is formed, for example, the supply amount of a boron raw material (a Group III raw material) to the vapor-phase growth region is controlled by the first amorphous layer.
- a boron raw material a Group III raw material
- the second amorphous layer may be formed by increasing the supply amount of the phosphorus raw material (group V raw material) and increasing the V / III ratio while maintaining the same level as when forming the layer.
- group V raw material group V raw material
- the effect of suppressing the volatilization of boron, phosphorus, and the like constituting the amorphous layer 1 can also be obtained.
- a preferable thickness of the second amorphous layer is 2 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- the thicknesses of the first and second amorphous layers are required. Is preferably less than 100 nm.
- the first and second amorphous layers Since at least the second amorphous layer of the first and second amorphous layers has a composition stoichiometrically rich in boron, the first and second amorphous layers Although the hindrance of the element operating current to the light-emitting part due to the presence of the element is suppressed to some extent, when the first and second amorphous layers are ⁇ -type p-type layers, for example, If the total is more than 100 nm, the existence of the first and second amorphous layers greatly impedes the flow of the device operating current to the light emitting portion.
- a p-type upper cladding layer made of p-type boron phosphide is provided on the second amorphous layer.
- the upper cladding layer can also be formed by the above-described vapor phase growth means, similarly to the first and second amorphous layers.
- the p-type boron phosphide layer constituting the upper cladding layer is preferably composed of a low-resistance conductive layer having a small resistivity in order to form a p-type electrode having good ohmic characteristics. .
- Such an upper cladding layer made of a low-resistance p-type conductive layer can be used as a contact layer for forming a p-type ohmic electrode.
- P-type upper class head layer resistivity than 0. 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm is at room temperature of Akuseputa concentration 2 X l 0 19 cm 3 or more, and 4 xl 0 2Q c m- 3 or less, at room temperature Noya Re A concentration 5 X 1 0 18 cm 3 or more, 1 XI 0 2 () a second amorphous Li emissions boron layer to c m-3 or less on the assumption that formed by the base layer is there .
- the polycrystalline layer that forms the P-type upper clad layer grows by inheriting the P-type conductivity of the amorphous boron phosphide layer that forms the underlying layer.
- the stoichiometric excess or deficiency of the second amorphous layer which is rich in boron and lacks phosphorus, directly propagates to the polycrystalline boron phosphide layer forming the upper cladding layer. For this reason, the electrical properties of the second amorphous layer are reflected as they are, and the upper cladding layer is composed of a polycrystalline layer exhibiting p-type conduction.
- a p-type conductive layer having the same V / III ratio as the second amorphous layer and a low-resistance p-type In order to form boron phosphide, it is advisable to form it at a higher temperature than that of the second amorphous layer, but at a high temperature of 1200 ° C. or less. Further, the lower the VZIII ratio, which is the same as that of the second amorphous layer, in the above-mentioned preferred range, the more advantageous it is to obtain a P-type polycrystalline layer having as-grwon and low resistivity.
- the carrier concentration at room temperature of the polycrystalline P-type boron phosphide layer composing the upper cladding layer is preferably from 5 ⁇ 10 18 c rrT 3 to 1 XI 0 2 ° cm 3. is there. At a low carrier concentration of less than 5 ⁇ 10 18 cm 3 , although the mobility at room temperature is improved, a p-type conductive layer having a low resistivity of 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less cannot be obtained. If the carrier concentration exceeds lX10 2 Qcm 3 , the degree of absorption of light emitted from the light emitting layer increases, which is inconvenient for obtaining an LED with high light emission intensity.
- the p-type upper cladding layer is made of polycrystalline and undoped p-type boron phosphide that can efficiently transmit the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to the outside. It is preferable to configure it.
- the p-type upper cladding layer is composed of a polycrystalline layer, it is effective in absorbing the strain caused by lattice mismatch with the constituent material of the light emitting layer, and the light emitting layer can be formed even if a thick polycrystalline layer is used.
- the distortion applied to the substrate can be reduced. For this reason, the effect of preventing unstable fluctuation of the emission wavelength from the light emitting layer due to the application of the strain can be improved.
- the P-type upper cladding layer needs to pass a forward current for driving the device over a wide area to the lower light-emitting layer.
- the layer thickness is preferably 5 O nm or more.
- a polycrystalline P-type boron phosphide layer having a carrier concentration of 2 x 0 19 cm- 3 and a layer thickness of 1 m blue light with a wavelength of 45 O nm can be used.
- An upper cladding layer that doubles as a window layer exceeding 40% transmittance can be formed. If a polycrystalline P-type boron phosphide layer having a lower carrier concentration and a smaller thickness is used while maintaining a resistivity of 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, a higher transmittance P An upper cladding layer can be constructed.
- the P-type group III nitride semiconductor layer which forms the upper cladding layer, has a high resistivity and acts to diffuse the forward current evenly over the entire surface of the light emitting layer. I can't show it enough.
- a conventional III-nitride semiconductor LED has a light-transmitting electrode made of nickel (element symbol: Ni) or the like for diffusing a forward current two-dimensionally on the p-type cladding layer. It is common to lay down.
- the transmittance of light emission is less than 40%.
- the configuration of the present invention it is not necessary to lay a light-transmitting electrode for diffusing a forward current, and a P-type upper clad layer having excellent transmittance of light emission to the outside can be formed. There is an advantage that a light emitting element can be provided.
- a p-type upper cladding layer made of a low-resistance P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor can be formed, and in addition, a high-quality metal with a small dislocation density can be formed. This is effective for forming a P-type upper cladding layer made of boron nitride based semiconductor.
- the density of dislocations that penetrate the interior of the light emission layer is approximately, and summer and large in excess of about 1 0 1 Q c nT 2.
- the amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided to be bonded to the light-emitting layer according to the present invention is a p-type upper cladding made of a high-density dislocation P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor. It has the function of preventing intrusion into the layer at the junction interface with the light emitting layer. For this reason, by interposing an amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor, it is possible to exhibit as-grown p-type conductivity and to achieve a dislocation density of 1 ⁇ 10 3 cm 3 or less.
- a P-type upper cladding layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor with excellent resistance and low resistance is capable of contributing to prevent breakdown voltage failure due to local leakage of device driving current through dislocations. It can be used to advantage in composing the lad layer.
- the upper p-type cladding layer made of a P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor is preferably formed at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or more and 1200 ° C. or less. If the film formation temperature is higher than 1200 ° C., a polymer such as B 13 P 2 may be formed, which is not preferable.
- the V / III ratio is determined by the first and second non- It is preferable that the ratio be larger than the III ratio at the time of the vapor phase growth of the crystalline layer, and more specifically, it is preferable that the ratio be 600 or more and 200 or less.
- An impurity (P-type impurity) that imparts p-type conductivity is deliberately added to the second amorphous layer, which is stoichiometrically rich in boron, without intentionally adding P-type conductivity.
- a boron phosphide crystal layer can be formed. For example, when a film is formed at a temperature of 125 ° C.
- the p-type boron phosphide crystal layer can be easily formed by undoping, which is preferable.
- the p-type impurity such as silicon (Si) is added to form the p-type boron phosphide layer.
- a boron nitride crystal layer may be formed.
- the silicon impurity significantly acts as a P-type impurity in the boron phosphide crystal layer, which contains boron in a richer manner than that of phosphorus, so that the doping of the silicon impurity results in a low-resistance phosphorus.
- a boron crystal layer can be formed.
- Is the de one Bing sources of silicon include silane (molecular formula: S i H 4), disilane (molecular formula: S i 2 H 6), silicon tetrachloride (molecular formula: S i C 1 4) or the like halo gate of A mixed gas such as a Si 2 H 6 —H 2 mixed gas can also be used.
- silicon impurities may act as an n-type impurity is re down boron crystal layer that the re-ting rich, for electrically compensating for Akuseputa (acceptor) (com pensation), the re-emission and wealthy Doping this in the boron phosphide layer has the opposite effect, and a high resistance boron phosphide layer is formed.
- the P-type electrode preferably comprises a bottom electrode and a P-type ohmic electrode.
- the bottom electrode is in contact with the surface of the p-type upper cladding layer. Since the P-type upper cladding layer already has a low resistance in the as-grown state, the current for driving the device (device driving current) emits light in the region directly below the upper cladding layer. It will be distributed only to certain layers. In order to avoid this short-circuit flow of element drive current, the bottom electrode in contact with the surface of the upper cladding layer is connected to the p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor forming the p-type upper cladding layer.
- a gold-tin (Au-Sn) alloy containing a group IV element or a gold-silicon (Au-Si) alloy is exemplified. It can.
- Tin (Sn) has a larger atomic radius than boron (B) and phosphorus (P) that constitute boron phosphide. Therefore, in the alloy (a11oy) treatment or the like, thermal diffusion to the inside of the p-type upper cladding layer made of the p-type phosphorus-containing boron-based semiconductor is avoided, and the p-type phosphorus is prevented. This is effective for maintaining good crystallinity of the p-type upper cladding layer made of a boron nitride semiconductor.
- Gold-silicon (Au-Si) alloy contains silicon, which is an element that is more difficult to diffuse in boron phosphide-based semiconductors, and therefore, a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor crystal layer due to thermal diffusion of silicon Can be better suppressed.
- a gold-tin alloy is more suitable for forming a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer, and furthermore, a bottom electrode capable of better preventing thermal denaturation of the light emitting layer.
- the bottom electrode can be suitably formed from a gold-silicon alloy film. Regardless of which alloy film is used, the element operating current passes through the low-resistance p-type upper cladding layer because the bottom electrode of the p-type electrode is made of a non-omic material. As a result, short-circuiting to the light emitting layer immediately below can be avoided.
- transition metals such as nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) can be used as a material for forming the bottom electrode.
- titanium (T i) provides a high Schottky barrier to the forward current with the p-type boron phosphide layer that forms the P-type upper cladding layer, and has a large bottom electrode because of its high adhesion. It can be suitably used for configuration.
- a P-type ohmic electrode made of a material that makes ohmic contact with the p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor is placed in electrical contact with the bottom electrode, flow is hindered by the bottom electrode. This is effective in diffusing the device operating current over a wide area of the P-type upper cladding layer.
- the light emitted from the light-emitting layer in the projection area of the p-type electrode is applied to the p-type electrode.
- the p-type electrode As a result, it is difficult to extract the light efficiently to the outside because it is shaded.
- an ohmic electrode made of a material that makes ohmic contact with the p-type upper cladding layer is formed on the bottom electrode, the operating current of the element other than the projection region of the p-type electrode can be spread over a wide area of the light-emitting layer. Can be distributed.
- Electrodes in ohmic contact with P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductors include, for example, gold-beryllium (Au-Be) and gold-zinc (Au ⁇ Zn) alloys containing Group II elements. Can be configured.
- Au-Be gold-beryllium
- Au ⁇ Zn gold-zinc
- an ohmic electrode having excellent adhesion to the bottom electrode and low contact resistance can be formed from a gold-beryllium alloy.
- the P-type electrode formed by laminating the bottom electrode made of a non-unique material and the non-mixable material has a high contact resistance with respect to the P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor.
- the bottom electrode made of a black material has the effect of flowing the element operating current, whose flow has been impeded, to the unshielded, so-called, light-emitting area that is open to the outside, other than the projection area of the P-type electrode.
- the P-type ohmic electrode has a uniform electric potential in the open light emitting region both in shape and space. Minute It is desirable to arrange so that the cloth is formed.
- the means of arranging the p-type ohmic electrode in this manner can contribute to providing an LED having a high luminous intensity that emits light of a uniform intensity from the luminous region surface.
- the ohmic electrode is provided so as to extend so as to be in contact with the surface of the p-type upper clad layer other than the region where the bottom electrode is laid.
- an ohmic electrode is formed from linear electrodes extending symmetrically with respect to the planar shape of the light emitting element.
- a patterning technique or a selective etching technique based on a known photolithography technique can be used.
- the Schottky contact (non-unique mix contact) of the bottom electrode described above can be improved. Function can be retained.
- the intermediate layer composed of a transition metal suppresses the diffusion and intrusion of the material components constituting the ohmic electrode into and from the bottom electrode, and maintains the shot key contact function of the bottom electrode.
- the intermediate layer is formed of molybdenum (Mo) or nickel (Ni) or platinum (Pt) which can most effectively prevent mutual diffusion of each electrode component between the bottom electrode and the ohmic electrode. ) Suppose you prefer to compose from power.
- the thickness of the transition metal forming the intermediate layer is preferably not less than 5 nm and not more than 200 nm. With a thin film of less than 5 nm, the interdiffusion of the electrode components is not sufficiently suppressed, and the bottom electrode may have non-Schottky contact, for example, ohmic contact. .
- the intermediate layer is formed from a thick film having a thickness exceeding 200 nm, the distance between the ohmic electrode provided in contact with the intermediate layer and the P-type upper cladding layer is increased. As a result, a gap is created between the dummy electrode and the P-type upper cladding layer around the bottom electrode, and the element is formed. This disadvantageously increases the input resistance of the daughter drive current.
- the amorphous layer made of the boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided to be bonded to the light emitting layer made of the n-type group III nitride semiconductor is The light emitting layer has an effect of preventing thermal degradation.
- the amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor provided so as to be bonded to the light emitting layer made of an n-type group II nitride semiconductor has an effect of preventing dislocation propagation from the light emitting layer.
- the second amorphous layer composed of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor grown at a higher temperature than the first amorphous layer is a p-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor having a low resistance in an as-grown state. Acts as an underlayer that provides an upper cladding layer consisting of
- p-type upper cladding layer made of P-type boron phosphide semiconductor
- the bottom electrode made of a material that has non-ohmic contact with the P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor that forms the P-type upper cladding layer in the P-type electrode when the element drive current flows
- the element has a function of preventing the element driving current from flowing short-circuiting to the light emitting layer located in the projection region of the P-type electrode where it is difficult to extract light emission to the outside.
- the P-type ohmic electrode which forms a P-type electrode together with the bottom electrode described above and is in ohmic contact with the P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor, preferentially transfers the device drive current to the light-emitting region opened to the outside. Has the effect of distributing.
- the first amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor is provided by joining the second amorphous layer made of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor, the vapor phase of the second amorphous layer is increased.
- Acts as an underlayer that provides an “adsorption site” that promotes growth for example, a second amorphous layer that has excellent adhesion to the light-emitting layer Has the effect of cleaning.
- the first and second amorphous layers made of an undoped boron phosphide-based semiconductor have an effect of avoiding the inversion of the conduction type of the light emitting layer due to the diffusion and penetration of impurities.
- the second amorphous layer which is stoichiometrically rich in boron relative to phosphorus, has a stoichiometrically unbalanced composition and a polycrystalline boron phosphide layer forming the upper cladding layer. And has the effect of providing a polycrystalline boron phosphide layer which is favorable for providing a P-type upper cladding layer.
- the P-type electrode which is provided in contact with the p-type upper cladding layer made of boron phosphide-based semiconductor and whose bottom electrode is made of a material with inconsistent mix contact, is an element to the area directly below. It has the effect of suppressing the flow of operating current and preferentially supplying the device operating current to the light emitting layer from which light can be easily extracted to the outside.
- the dummy electrode which extends while being in contact with the surface of the P-type upper cladding layer, diffuses the device operating current to a wide area of the light-emitting layer through the p-type upper cladding layer. Has an action.
- a pn junction type structure having a pn junction structure of an upper cladding layer made of p-type boron phosphide and a light emitting layer made of n-type gallium nitride 2
- LEDs Light-emitting diodes
- the single crystal substrate 101 a phosphorus (P) -doped n-type ⁇ 111 ⁇ -silicon single crystal was used.
- the surface of the ⁇ 111 ⁇ surface of the single-crystal substrate 101 has triethyl boron ((C 2 H 5 ) 3 B) phosphine (PH 3 ) / hydrogen (H 2 ) based atmospheric pressure (approximately (Atmospheric pressure)
- the lower clad layer 102 composed of an undoped n-type boron phosphide layer was vapor-grown by MOCVD at 925.
- the layer thickness was 300 nm, and the carrier concentration was lxl 0 19 cm- 3 .
- the band gap at room temperature of the lower cladding layer 102 formed as described above was about 3 eV.
- trimethylgallium ((CH 3 ) 3 G a) ammonia (NH 3 ) hydrogen (H 2 ) based atmospheric pressure (substantially atmospheric pressure) MOCVD is applied on the lower cladding layer 102.
- a light emitting layer 103 having a layer thickness of 1 O nm was formed at 850 ° C.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the single crystal substrate 10 is mixed in a mixed atmosphere of ammonia (NH 3 ) and hydrogen. 1 was cooled to 450 ° C. Thereafter, on the light-emitting layer 103, (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B / PH 3 ZH 2 system normal pressure MOCVD was performed at 450 ° C. at 450 ° C. A first amorphous layer 104 composed of a layer was formed.
- the layer thickness was 15 nm.
- the PH 3 and H 2 are subsequently transferred to the vapor phase growth region.
- the single crystal substrate 101 was heated up to 125 ° C. while flowing through.
- a second amorphous layer 105 made of an undoped boron phosphide layer was formed at a temperature of 125 ° C. by a system normal pressure MOC VD method.
- the VZIII ratio during vapor phase growth of the second amorphous layer 105 is set to 15 and the second amorphous layer 105 is made stoichiometrically rich in boron with respect to phosphorus.
- the layer thickness was 10 nm.
- the formed upper cladding layer 106 contained stoichiometrically boron. It was included in the wealth.
- the carrier (hole) concentration at room temperature measured by the ordinary hole (H a 11) effect method in this layer is 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm 3
- the resistivity is 5 ⁇ 10 ′′ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm
- a low-resistance upper cladding layer p-type boron phosphide crystal layer
- the single atmosphere was mixed in a mixed atmosphere of PH 3 and H 2.
- the temperature of the crystal substrate 101 was lowered to about 600 ° C.
- the lower cladding layer 102, the light emitting layer 103, the first amorphous layer 104, and the second amorphous layer A laminate 20 was formed by sequentially laminating a porous layer 105 and an upper cladding layer 106 composed of a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer.
- the selected area electron beam diffraction images of the first and second amorphous layers 104 and 105 were all halo. This was a simple pattern, and it was confirmed that these layers were amorphous layers.
- the selected area electron diffraction image of the upper cladding layer 106 has a ⁇ 111 ⁇ monocrystalline layer pattern, and the upper cladding layer has a p-type boron phosphide crystal. It turned out to be a layer.
- the bright-field TEM image of the upper cladding layer 106 composed of a p-type boron phosphide crystal layer clearly shows that there are twins or stacking faults in the direction parallel to the ⁇ 111> one crystal orientation. Despite its presence, misfit dislocations were hardly visible.
- the first and second amorphous layers 104, 105, and P-type It was found that the boron atom concentration of the upper clad layer 106 composed of the boron nitride crystal layer was about 0.5% excess of the phosphorus atom concentration.
- the single-crystal substrate 101 on which the laminate 20 is formed is cooled to a temperature near room temperature and taken out from the vapor growth region, and then the P-type boron phosphide crystal forming the surface of the laminate 20 is formed.
- the upper cladding layer 106 which is composed of two layers, a p-shaped circular p-plane made of a gold-beryllium (Au 9.9 mass 0 /.
- An ohmic electrode 107 was arranged.
- the entire back surface of the single-crystal substrate 101 is covered with aluminum
- An n-type amorphous electrode 108 made of an antimony (A 1 ⁇ S b) alloy was provided. As described above, a square Pn junction type DH structure LED having a side of about 300 m in a plan view was manufactured.
- the emission characteristics when a direct current of 20 mA was passed between the P-type and n-type ohmic electrodes 107 and 108 in the forward direction (forward) were as follows.
- the reverse voltage was 10 V when a direct current of 10 ⁇ was passed between the P-type and n-type ohmic electrodes 107 and 108 in the reverse direction. Furthermore, from the near-field emission image, it was confirmed that light was emitted from almost the entire surface of the light-emitting layer 103. This is because, in the present embodiment, the upper cladding layer 106 could be composed of a low-resistance ⁇ -type boron phosphide crystal layer, so that the operating current was emitted through the upper cladding layer 106. This is probably because the layer 103 could be diffused over a wide area.
- the ⁇ -type layer is formed on the light emitting layer made of a group III nitride semiconductor (gallium indium nitride) via the first and second amorphous layers 104 and 105.
- the stacked structure provided with the upper cladding layer 106 made of a boron nitride crystal layer provided an LED having excellent local flow characteristics with less local pressure failure (1 oca 1 breakdown).
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of the laminated structure 13 used to fabricate the LED 12 having a pn junction type double hetero (DH) junction structure.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows the planar structure of the LED of FIG.
- the single crystal substrate 1 0 1 (0 0 0 1) - was used Saaia (alpha-Alpha 1 2 Omicron 3 single crystal).
- n-type gallium nitride (Ga) is deposited on the surface using atmospheric pressure (substantially atmospheric pressure) metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOV PE).
- MOV PE metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy
- a lower cladding layer 102 of N was deposited.
- the lower cladding layer 102 uses trimethyl gallium (molecular formula: (CH 3 ) 3 G a) as a gallium (G a) source, and ammonia (molecular formula: NH 3 ) as a nitrogen source. And deposited at 150 ° C.
- the carrier concentration of the n-type GaN layer constituting the lower cladding layer 102 was adjusted to 4 ⁇ 10 18 cm 3 by doping with silicon (Si), and the The thickness was 280 nm.
- the n-type lower cladding layer 102 Galli n-type nitride above ⁇ -time i indium (.. G a 0 90 I n 0 10 n) well layer 1 consisting of 0 3 a - 1 was formed.
- the layer thickness of the well layer 103a-1 was 10 nm.
- the well layer 103a-1 is provided with n-type gallium nitride (G) at 750 ° C by the above (CH 3 ) 3 G a) NH 3 / H 2 reaction system atmospheric pressure MOCVD method.
- the barrier layer 103 b-1 made of a N) was provided by bonding.
- the layer thickness of the barrier layer 103b-1 was set to 20 nm.
- the barrier layer 103 b — 1 has a Ga of the above multiphase structure. 9 .
- the well layer 103-a-2 composed of In Q.1 () N was provided again.
- the thickness of the well layer 103 a — 2 is longer due to the junction with the terminal barrier layer 103 b — 2 constituting the light emitting layer 103 of the quantum well structure.
- the thickness of the well layer 10 3a-1 was set to 8 nm which is thinner.
- the barrier layer which is in contact with the well layer 103 a_2 and has a thickness of 20 nm, which is the same as the barrier layer 103 b — 1, which terminates the light emitting layer of the quantum well structure 1 0 3 b — 2 is provided.
- the temperature of the substrate 101 was lowered to 450 ° C.
- the barrier layer and the barrier layer 103 b-2 ending the light emitting layer 103 of the quantum well structure are connected to each other.
- a first amorphous layer 104 made of doped boron phosphide (BP) was provided.
- the first amorphous layer 104 made of boron phosphide is composed of triethyl boron (molecular formula: (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B) nophosphine (molecular formula: PH 3 ) / H 2 reaction system normal pressure MO Provided by CVD means.
- the thickness of the first amorphous layer 104 was 15 nm.
- the first amorphous layer 104 was contacted using the same (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B / PH 3 H 2 reaction system atmospheric pressure MO C VD means and vapor phase growth apparatus as described above.
- the second amorphous layer 105 was provided at a higher temperature than the first amorphous layer 104.
- the crystalline layer 105 became a P-type conductive layer containing boron (B) stoichiometrically rich with respect to phosphorus (P).
- the thickness of the second amorphous layer 105 grown at this high temperature by vapor phase was 15 nm.
- the P-type upper cladding layer 106 Solution The carrier concentration measured by the CV (capacitance-voltage) method was 2 ⁇ 10 19 cm 3, and it was already a low-resistance p-type conductive layer in the as-grown state.
- General section T EM techniques dislocation density measured using the on average, was less than 1 X 1 0 3 cm 2. Region dislocation density 1 XI 0 2 / cm 2 or less was partially present.
- the barrier layer 1 0 3 b constituting the light emission layer 1 0 3 - 1, 2 and the well layer 1 0 3 a - 1, the interior of the dislocation density of 2 to about 2 X 1 0 1 C) cm 2 met was.
- the thicknesses of the barrier layer and the well layer forming the light emitting layer of the quantum well structure there is no change in the thicknesses of the barrier layer and the well layer forming the light emitting layer of the quantum well structure.
- the inside of the barrier layer at the final end forming a hetero (heterogeneous) junction with the amorphous layer has a high temperature. No generation of microscopic cavities due to the degradation of G a N was also observed.
- a p-type electrode 204 was arranged at the center of the p-type upper cladding layer 106 forming the surface layer of the multilayer structure 13.
- the bottom electrode 204 a of the p-type electrode 204 is composed of gold-tin (8 1! 98 mass% * 3 112 mass), which makes non-ohmic contact with the p-type boron phosphide single crystal. %) Alloy.
- the planar shape of the bottom electrode 204 a was circular and the diameter was 130 ⁇ .
- a p-type micro-electrode 204 b made of gold-beryllium (189% by mass and 861% by mass) was provided. As shown in FIG.
- the p-type mixed electrode 204 b was composed of two strip-shaped electrodes having a width perpendicular to each other of 60 ⁇ . The intersection point where the strip-shaped electrode 204b intersects at a right angle and the center point of the plane shape of the circular bottom electrode 204a coincided. In addition, the strip electrode 204 b And extended to the light emitting region 205 opened to the outside. Further, in order to form a pedestal (pad) electrode for connection (bonding), a thickness is formed on the bottom electrode 204 a and the band electrode 204 b on the bottom electrode 204 a. A vacuum deposited film 204 c of about 1.7 ⁇ m gold (Au) was deposited.
- the n-type electrode 108 is formed by a plasma etching method using a methane (molecular formula: CH 4 ) / argon (element symbol: Ar) ZH 2 mixed gas as shown in FIG. Unnecessary portions were removed to expose the lower cladding layer 102, and then placed on the exposed surface as shown in FIGS.
- the element driving current was passed in the forward direction to the LED 12 having a P-type electrode 204 having the above configuration and having a square shape of 300 nra on one side, and the light emission characteristics were confirmed.
- LED 13 emitted blue band light having a center wavelength of 4422 nm.
- the full width at half maximum of the emission spectrum was 120 millielectrombolts (meV).
- the p-type electrode 204 is provided in contact with the upper cladding layer 106 made of P-type boron phosphide, which has a particularly low dislocation density, the dislocation as seen in the conventional example is reduced.
- the p-type electrode 204 was provided in contact with the upper cladding layer 106 made of p-type boron phosphide having a low dislocation density, local breakdown failure was also observed. Did not. For this reason, the forward voltage (so-called V f) when the forward current is 20 mA is set to about 3 V, and the reverse voltage when the reverse current is set to 10 / ⁇ ⁇ . An LED 12 with good rectification characteristics (V r) of 8 V or more was provided.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of the LED 30 described in this example.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the LED 30.
- the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a broken line AA in FIG.
- a phosphorus (P) doped n-type (111) -Si single crystal was used for the single crystal substrate 301.
- the (111) surface of the single-crystal substrate 301 is covered with an n-type metallization by means of a normal pressure (substantially atmospheric pressure) metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOC VD) method.
- MOC VD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- a lower cladding layer 302 of boron nitride monomer (BP) was deposited.
- the n-type lower cladding layer 302 is formed by triethyl boron (molecular formula: (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B) Z phosphine (molecular formula: PH 3 ) / hydrogen (H 2 ) reaction system. Formed at 0 ° C.
- the layer thickness of the n-type lower cladding layer 302 was 240 nm in order to obtain a reflectance of 40% or more for blue band light having a wavelength of 430 nm to 460 nm.
- the Si single crystal substrate 3 was mixed in a mixed atmosphere of phosphine (PH 3 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ). The temperature of 01 was lowered to 825 ° C.
- the n-type gallium nitride.indium (GaxIn ⁇ xN: 0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1) layer is used as the light emitting layer 303 and the n-type lower cladding layer 30 2 and provided.
- a first amorphous layer 304 consisting of an undoped boron phosphide layer was formed by a 3 B / ⁇ 3 ⁇ 2 reaction system normal pressure MOCVD method.
- a second amorphous layer 105 made of AND-type boron phosphide is added to the (C 2 H 5 ) 3 B layer PH 3 ZH It was formed by a two -reaction normal pressure MOCVD method.
- the second amorphous layer 304 was grown with a V / III ratio of 21 to have a higher carrier (hole) concentration than the first amorphous layer 304. .
- the ceptor concentration of the undoped boron phosphide amorphous layer grown under the above conditions is 1 ⁇ 10 2 ° cm 3 . Atsushi. Further, according to general hole (H al 1) effect measurement, calibration re A (hole) concentration at room temperature was 2 xl 0 19 c nT 3. The thickness of the second amorphous layer 305 of AND was 12 nm. Subsequently, at a temperature of 125 ° C, an undoped P-type layer was formed on the second amorphous layer 305 according to the (C 2 H 5 ) 3 BPH 3 ZH 2 reaction system atmospheric pressure MOCVD method.
- An upper cladding layer 306 made of boron nitride was provided.
- the V / III ratio during vapor phase growth of the upper cladding layer 106 made of p-type boron phosphide is higher than that of the first amorphous layer 304, and the second amorphous layer It was set to 21 which is the same as the material layer 3 05.
- Akuseputa concentrations above section clad layer made of p Katachiri emissions boron undoped generally electrolytic C (capacitance) - was determined to V (voltage) method 2 X 1 0 2 ° cm 3 depending on the.
- the crystal structures of the amorphous boron phosphide layers 304 and 305 and the upper cladding layer 303 composed of p-type boron phosphide were analyzed. From the boron phosphide amorphous layers 304, 305, no clear X-ray diffraction peak appears, and the electron diffraction pattern is also ⁇ -.
- the X-ray reflection diffraction pattern from the upper cladding layer 306 made of ⁇ -type boron phosphide shows the main diffraction peaks of the zinc blende crystal type boron phosphide (11).
- the upper cladding layer made of boron iodide is a polycrystalline layer in which columnar (111) -crystals with slightly different orientations with respect to the ⁇ 110> crystal orientation are considered. Admitted.
- the surface of the upper cladding layer 303 made of p-type boron phosphide remained polycrystalline, and no single-crystal layer was formed.
- the surface portion of the n-type boron phosphide layer forming the lower cladding layer 302 was a single crystal layer composed of a (111) single crystal plane.
- the part was provided with a bottom electrode 307a made of titanium (T i). Titanium (element symbol: T i) was formed by a general electron beam (beam) evaporation method, and the layer thickness was 60 nm.
- the bottom electrode 300 a having a circular planar shape with a diameter of 130 ⁇ was provided with an intermediate layer 307 b made of platinum (element symbol: Pt) in contact therewith.
- the platinum layer forming the intermediate layer 307b was formed by the electron beam evaporation method as in the case of Ti, and the layer thickness was 30 nm. Further, a p-type ohmic electrode 307c made of a gold-beryllium (Au'Be) alloy was provided in contact with the intermediate layer 307b. The p-type mixed electrode 307c is formed on the surface of the upper cladding layer 306 made of polycrystalline p-type boron phosphide around the bottom electrode 307a. As shown in FIG. 6, on the surface of the upper cladding layer 303 made of P-type boron phosphide, which is in contact with and is arranged in a frame shape and a linear shape on the outer edge of the element.
- the line width of the Au and Be electrodes composing the frame electrode 3 07 c-1 and the linear electrode 3 07 c — 2 was set to 60 ⁇ .
- the ⁇ -type electrode 307 was composed of a three-layer structure consisting of a Ti bottom electrode 307a / Pt intermediate layer 307b / Au and Be ohmic electrode 307c.
- n-type (111) — Silicon (S i) single-crystal substrate 301 has an ohmic n-type electrode made of aluminum-antimony (A 1 ⁇ Sb) alloy on almost the entire back surface. 308 was provided.
- mA milliamps
- the wavelength from the LED 30 was about 440 nm.
- a blue-violet light was emitted.
- the brightness in a chip state measured using a general integrating sphere was 8 miridandela (mcd).
- a short-contact bottom electrode 307a is arranged to allow the short-circuit flow to the light-emitting layer 303 immediately below the p-type electrode 307 to be prevented from operating by the element. Since the p-type ohmic electrode 307c diffused the entire surface of the p-type upper cladding layer 306, light of uniform intensity was emitted from almost the entire surface of the p-type cladding layer 306. Presented. In particular, since the light-emitting layer was composed of a polycrystalline boron phosphide layer and the strain applied to the light-emitting layer 303 was reduced, no change in the light-emitting intensity due to long-term application of the device drive current was observed. The forward voltage (so-called Vf) when the forward current is 20 mA is about 3 V, and the reverse voltage (Vr) when the reverse current is 10 is 8 V or more. Good rectification characteristics were developed. Industrial applicability
- a P-type upper cladding layer is formed from a low-resistance P-type boron phosphide-based semiconductor layer grown via an amorphous layer composed of a boron phosphide-based semiconductor. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a boron phosphide-based semiconductor light-emitting element having excellent rectification characteristics, which emits high-intensity light for a long period of time.
- the boron phosphide-based semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention is useful as a light emitting diode or the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
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AU2003280834A AU2003280834A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | Boron phosphide semiconductor light-emitting device, method for manufacturing same, and light-emitting diode |
JP2004553181A JP4439400B2 (ja) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | リン化硼素系半導体発光素子、その製造方法及び発光ダイオード |
DE60336255T DE60336255D1 (de) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | Borphosphithalbleiter-lichtemissionsbauelement, verfahren zuseiner herstellung und leuchtdiode |
EP03772832A EP1564820B1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | Boron phosphide semiconductor light-emitting device, method for manufacturing same, and light-emitting diode |
CNB2003801035154A CN100386889C (zh) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | 磷化硼系半导体发光元件、其制造方法和发光二极管 |
KR1020057008830A KR100648433B1 (ko) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-17 | 인화붕소계 반도체 발광소자, 그 제조방법 및 발광다이오드 |
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JP2002333208 | 2002-11-18 | ||
JP2002-333208 | 2002-11-18 | ||
JP2002370420 | 2002-12-20 | ||
JP2002-370420 | 2002-12-20 | ||
JP2002369577 | 2002-12-20 | ||
JP2002-369577 | 2002-12-20 |
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EP (1) | EP1564820B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4439400B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100648433B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100386889C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003280834A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60336255D1 (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
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WO2004049451A2 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-10 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
WO2004051752A2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-17 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
Families Citing this family (4)
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CN102709409B (zh) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-06-03 | 东莞洲磊电子有限公司 | 一种四元系led芯片的切割方法 |
EP2886515A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) | Production of boron phosphide by reduction of boron phosphate with an alkaline metal |
US9287459B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2016-03-15 | Epistar Corporation | Light-emitting device |
JP2018515416A (ja) | 2015-05-20 | 2018-06-14 | ユニヴェルシテ ピエール エ マリ キュリ(パリ 6) | Bp、b12p2およびそれらの混合物の、特にナノ粉末としての製造のためのメカノケミカル方法 |
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JP2001168395A (ja) * | 1999-12-09 | 2001-06-22 | Showa Denko Kk | Iii−v族化合物半導体発光ダイオード |
JP2002270896A (ja) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-20 | Showa Denko Kk | Iii族窒化物半導体発光素子およびその製造方法 |
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JP2003023181A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-24 | Showa Denko Kk | GaP系発光ダイオード及びその製造方法 |
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US6541799B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2003-04-01 | Showa Denko K.K. | Group-III nitride semiconductor light-emitting diode |
WO2002097861A2 (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-05 | Showa Denko K.K. | Semiconductor device, semiconductor layer and production method thereof |
ATE384337T1 (de) * | 2001-08-20 | 2008-02-15 | Showa Denko Kk | Mehrfarben-lichtemissionslampe und lichtquelle |
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2003
- 2003-11-11 TW TW92131575A patent/TWI273724B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-17 EP EP03772832A patent/EP1564820B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-17 KR KR1020057008830A patent/KR100648433B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-11-17 DE DE60336255T patent/DE60336255D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-17 WO PCT/JP2003/014597 patent/WO2004047188A1/ja active Application Filing
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- 2003-11-17 AU AU2003280834A patent/AU2003280834A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2001168395A (ja) * | 1999-12-09 | 2001-06-22 | Showa Denko Kk | Iii−v族化合物半導体発光ダイオード |
JP2002270896A (ja) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-20 | Showa Denko Kk | Iii族窒化物半導体発光素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2002368260A (ja) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-20 | Showa Denko Kk | 化合物半導体発光素子、その製造方法、ランプ及び光源 |
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Cited By (6)
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WO2004049451A2 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-10 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
WO2004049451A3 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2005-02-24 | Showa Denko Kk | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
US7646040B2 (en) | 2002-11-28 | 2010-01-12 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light emitting diode |
WO2004051752A2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-17 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
WO2004051752A3 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-12-23 | Showa Denko Kk | Boron phosphide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
US7508010B2 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2009-03-24 | Showa Denko K.K. | Boron phoshide-based compound semiconductor device, production method thereof and light-emitting diode |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI273724B (en) | 2007-02-11 |
CN1711650A (zh) | 2005-12-21 |
KR20050086695A (ko) | 2005-08-30 |
JP4439400B2 (ja) | 2010-03-24 |
AU2003280834A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
DE60336255D1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
KR100648433B1 (ko) | 2006-11-24 |
EP1564820A4 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
EP1564820B1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
CN100386889C (zh) | 2008-05-07 |
TW200417060A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
EP1564820A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
JPWO2004047188A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
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