WO2004042833A1 - 発光ダイオード - Google Patents
発光ダイオード Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004042833A1 WO2004042833A1 PCT/JP2003/014048 JP0314048W WO2004042833A1 WO 2004042833 A1 WO2004042833 A1 WO 2004042833A1 JP 0314048 W JP0314048 W JP 0314048W WO 2004042833 A1 WO2004042833 A1 WO 2004042833A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- emitting diode
- semiconductor light
- light
- frame
- Prior art date
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 234
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/52—Encapsulations
- H01L33/54—Encapsulations having a particular shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48095—Kinked
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
- H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
- H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
- H01L33/60—Reflective elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting diode including a semiconductor light emitting device and a light transmitting resin package that covers the semiconductor light emitting device.
- LED light-emitting diode
- Reference 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 11-273733 (Pages 1-4, FIG. 3) (referred to as Reference 1) is a semiconductor light emitting device mounted on a lead member. It is covered with a resin package, and the convex surface of the resin package is plated to form a concave mirror. Light is reflected on the surface of the concave mirror, and light is taken out and collected on the back side.
- Reference 2 The structure disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 8-3006959 (pages 2-3, FIG. 2) (referred to as Reference 2) uses a semiconductor light emitting element mounted on a lead member. A concave portion and a convex lens portion formed inside the concave portion are formed on the extraction surface of the resin package, and light emitted in the front direction of the semiconductor light emitting element is extracted through the convex lens portion and collected. It has a light-emitting structure.
- the structure disclosed in Design Publication No. 737004 which is similar to the first publication (referred to as Reference 3), has a concave portion on the light extraction surface of the resin package, and two convex lenses formed inside the concave portion. It is a structure provided with a part and a part.
- Reference 4 The structure disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 52-75080 (page 118, FIG. 6) (referred to as Reference 4) has a transparent part made of a light emitting diode and a synthetic resin on the surface of the substrate. And a structure in which light emitted from the light emitting diode is totally reflected by the transparent portion.
- the structure disclosed in Design Registration No. 1051396 (A-A cross-sectional view) (referred to as Reference 5) has a structure in which a semiconductor light-emitting element mounted on a lead member is covered with a resin package. Element Is projected to the back side, the base of the resin package is formed in a cylindrical shape to hold the lead member, and the front end of the resin package is formed so as to gradually increase in diameter toward the front side. Then, the light emitted laterally from the semiconductor light emitting element is totally reflected to the front side on the peripheral surface of the front end portion of the resin package.
- the conventional light emitting diode has a drawback that the light from the semiconductor light emitting element cannot be efficiently extracted from the light extraction surface, and the luminance is not improved.
- the light-emitting diode disclosed in Reference 2 light emitted to the side from the semiconductor light-emitting element goes outside from the side surface of the resin package as it is, so that there is much waste.
- the light-emitting diode disclosed in Document 3 uses two semiconductor light-emitting elements, and light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting element to the front side can be collected by two convex lens portions. The emitted light exits from the side of the resin package to the outside, which again increases waste.
- the conventional light emitting diode has a disadvantage that uniform light emission cannot be obtained. Specifically, in the light-emitting diode disclosed in Document 1, the light reflected by the concave mirror hits the semiconductor light-emitting element and the lead member supporting the semiconductor light-emitting element, and is blocked. Light cannot be emitted. Further, in the light-emitting diode disclosed in Reference 2, since a convex lens is used, the central portion of the irradiation range becomes too bright, so that uniform light emission cannot be achieved. Further, in the conventional light emitting diode, there is a problem that the resin package is easily peeled off from a holding member such as a lead frame.
- the bonding between the resin package and the metal film is separated by reflow heating or thermal shock test during surface mounting. I will. Further, in the light emitting diode disclosed in Document 4, the tip of the transparent portion on the substrate is larger than the base, and the base is easily peeled off from the substrate.
- Another problem is that conventional light-emitting diodes cannot be used for high-density mounting or miniaturization.
- the structure disclosed in Reference 5 cannot be applied to a device that performs surface mounting, and does not allow high-density mounting.
- the base of the lead frame on which the semiconductor light emitting element is mounted has a wide portion extending toward the back side, the length of the base of the resin package in the optical axis direction becomes longer, and the thickness of the entire light emitting diode becomes thicker. Therefore, it cannot be used for equipment that requires thinning.
- the diameter is reduced. In this case, the ratio of the blocking surface to the light emitting area becomes relatively large, so that it is impossible to cope with miniaturization.
- the direction in which the light emitting diode is mounted on a circuit board or the like is restricted by the arrangement of the lead members.
- the lead members since the lead members are collectively drawn out to one side, the lead members cannot be connected in different directions when attached to the circuit board.
- the light-emitting diode disclosed in Reference 2 since the three terminals are asymmetrically arranged on both sides, the direction in which they are mounted on the circuit board is only one direction. If it does, the lead member cannot be connected.
- the direction of the lead member at the time of mounting can be reversed with respect to the predetermined direction, but the semiconductor light emitting element has polarity, and the reverse voltage is reduced. If applied, it will not emit light or will be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to check the polarity when shipping or mounting the light emitting diode.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting diode which has high luminance and can emit light uniformly. Also, it is necessary to make it difficult for components to separate from holding members such as lead frames, to enable high-density mounting and miniaturization, and to enable light emission under the same conditions regardless of the direction in which elements are mounted. Aim.
- a first light emitting diode of the present invention comprises: at least one semiconductor light emitting element mounted on a surface (upper surface) of a lead frame; and a light transmitting resin package covering the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the resin package is provided on a pedestal portion covering a base of the lead frame, and on a side of a main light extraction surface of the semiconductor light emitting element with respect to the pedestal portion, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element is provided.
- An enlarged portion having, as a side surface, a first curved surface capable of being totally reflected on the front side, between the enlarged portion and the pedestal portion, the plane section of which is larger than the maximum value of the plane section of the pedestal section And a constricted portion formed small.
- the light emitted laterally from the semiconductor light emitting element and hitting the curved surface by the enlarged portion can be reflected on the front side, that is, the main light extraction direction of the semiconductor light emitting element, and the light emitted laterally Can be condensed without waste and the luminance can be improved.
- the contracted portion it is possible to prevent the area of the curved surface of the enlarged portion from being reduced.
- the support portion of the resin package can be formed large to enhance stability.
- a convex lens portion for condensing light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element to the front side is provided on a surface portion of the resin package, and a portion of the convex lens portion that intersects with the optical axis of the convex lens portion includes the semiconductor light emitting device. It is preferable that a diffusion portion for spreading the light emitted from the element to the side is formed.
- the convex lens portion increases the luminance by placing the light that had been directed to the outside of the irradiation range into the irradiation range, and the diffusion portion increases the luminance only in the central portion of the irradiation range. This can prevent the brightness from becoming uniform and make the overall luminance within a predetermined range uniform.
- the irradiation range refers to a range that requires light irradiation, such as a shooting area.
- the diffusing portion is a device that refracts light emitted from one point so that the light paths do not overlap, thereby expanding the light distribution range, and is different from a device that scatters light by mixing a filler or the like.
- the diffusion portion is provided in a planar shape, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element can be bent by the diffusion portion and the light distribution range can be expanded, and the shape can be simplified and the yield can be improved. be able to.
- a portion surrounding the diffusion portion is a convex lens side surface portion, and a portion surrounding the convex lens side portion is provided with a concave portion having the convex lens side portion as a part of a side wall.
- a portion surrounding the convex lens side portion is provided with a concave portion having the convex lens side portion as a part of a side wall.
- the first curved surface in the enlarged portion has a flat cross section including an arc centered on the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting device
- the light is emitted laterally from the semiconductor light emitting device and is incident on the first curved surface.
- the generated light is reflected to the front side along the surface including the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element, and the light can be condensed without waste and the brightness can be improved.
- the first curved surface in the expanded portion has a flat cross section connecting arcs centered on an optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element.
- light incident from the semiconductor light emitting element to a portion having an arc-shaped flat cross section of the expanded portion can be emitted along a plane including the semiconductor light emitting element that emitted the light, so that the luminance is reduced.
- the reflected light can be spread evenly.
- the first curved surface in the enlarged portion includes a paraboloid of revolution
- light traveling sideways from the central axis of the paraboloid of revolution enters the paraboloid of revolution at a predetermined incident angle. And is totally reflected to the front side.
- the device that can handle surface mounting can be made thinner.
- the pedestal part protrudes from the reduced part in a direction in which the lead frame protrudes, and in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the lead frame protrudes, It is preferable that the width of the rear end of the pedestal portion is the same as the width of the front end of the contracted portion. In this case, it is possible to improve the brightness by preventing the area of the enlarged portion formed in a direction other than the protruding direction of the lead frame from being reduced while increasing the strength of the lead frame to be laterally removed. it can.
- the semiconductor light-emitting element When the semiconductor light-emitting element is mounted on the lead frame via a submount element, the semiconductor light-emitting element can be arranged more front side with respect to the lead frame, so that the semiconductor light-emitting element is emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting element. It is possible to increase the amount of light traveling from the contracted portion to the front side, thereby improving the luminance.
- the thickness of the phosphor can be reduced to prevent enlargement of the light source, and the angle of light reflected on the enlarged portion is set within a predetermined range. Most of the light can be totally reflected to increase the brightness.
- the lead frame protrudes outside the enlarged portion, so that light emission is performed. Diode stability can be increased.
- the lead frame When the lead frame is formed to be bent in a Gu11_Wing shape, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element to the side and hitting the curved surface is extracted from the front side, that is, the main light of the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the light emitted to the side can be condensed without waste and the brightness can be improved.
- an optical axis of the convex lens portion is the same as an optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the suction jig does not contact the convex lens portion during automatic mounting, and It is possible to prevent the occurrence of scratches and the inclination of the light emitting diode during adsorption.
- a plurality of the semiconductor light emitting elements may be provided, and the convex lens portion may be provided for each of the semiconductor light emitting elements.
- the convex lens portion for each semiconductor light emitting element, the light distribution direction of each semiconductor light emitting element is made substantially the same, fluctuation of the light distribution peak direction is prevented, and the light emitting diode is formed. Further higher luminance can be achieved.
- the output of each semiconductor light emitting element is adjusted to perform white light emission or full color light emission, and to provide natural light. Near white light emission can be obtained.
- a plurality of the semiconductor light-emitting elements that emit light of the same color are provided, the semiconductor light-emitting element has a P-type electrode and an n-type electrode, and the lead frame is connected to the p-type electrode, and is viewed in plan.
- a first frame having a terminal pair protruding from the resin package; and a second frame connected to the n-type electrode and having a terminal pair protruding from the resin package when viewed in plan.
- the terminal pair in one frame is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the resin package, and the terminal pair in the second frame is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the resin package. Good.
- the light emitting diode should be mounted with its orientation reversed 180 °, and even if a voltage is applied, the current should flow in the same direction as when the light emitting diode was mounted without being reversed, causing each semiconductor light emitting element to emit light. It will not be damaged even if the lead frame is reversed when mounted.
- a surface-mounted light emitting diode can be formed. The distance can be adjusted according to the distance, and the device can be made thinner and smaller.
- the first frame has an element fixing portion to which a back surface of the semiconductor light emitting element is fixed, and further, the terminal pair in the first frame extends from both ends of the element fixing portion in a longitudinal direction of the element fixing portion.
- Each of the terminal pairs in the second frame protrudes in opposite directions in a direction orthogonal to each other, and a base portion is arranged in parallel with the terminal pair in the first frame, with a base portion close to the element fixing portion.
- the terminal pair can be formed so as not to be easily detached from the resin package, the wire can be prevented from breaking, and the reliability of the device can be improved.
- the base of each of the terminal pairs in the second frame is In the case where the terminal pair is bent in a direction approaching each of the terminal pairs in the adjacent first frame inside, the terminal pairs can be formed so as not to easily come off from the resin package, and the reliability of the device can be improved. it can.
- a second light emitting diode of the present invention is a light emitting diode comprising: at least one semiconductor light emitting element mounted on a surface of a printed wiring board; and a light transmissive resin package covering a front side of the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the resin package has an enlarged portion having, as a side surface, a first curved surface capable of totally reflecting light emitted laterally from the semiconductor light emitting element to the front side, and the semiconductor light emitting element includes: It is mounted in a recess provided in the printed wiring board.
- the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element to the back side can be reflected to the front side, and the light can be prevented from leaking to the back side. Further, when mounted on the concave portion formed in the printed wiring board, all the light emitted from the back surface side and obliquely backward of the semiconductor light emitting element can be reflected, and the brightness of the surface in the optical axis direction can be improved.
- the concave portion formed in the substrate This makes the shape of the contact surface between the resin package and the substrate more complicated than that of a flat surface, increases the contact area, improves the peel strength, and firmly fixes the resin package.
- the light emitted to the side from the element is reflected by the second curved surface together with the first curved surface, and the light emitted to the side can be collected without waste to improve the brightness.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 1C is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing the optical path of the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device.
- 3A is a plan view of the light emitting diode according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 3B is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 3C is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. A bottom view is shown.
- FIG. 4A is a graph showing the light distribution characteristics of the light emitting diode in the present embodiment
- FIG. 4B is a graph showing the light distribution characteristics of the conventional light emitting diode.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the light emitting diode.
- FIG. 6A is a plan view of a light-emitting diode as a modification of the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the light-emitting diode taken along the line BB.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7B is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 7C is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. A bottom view of the diode is shown.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the light emitting diode 61.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an optical path of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element.
- FIG. 10 (A) is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of a light emitting diode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 (B) is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of a light emitting diode of a comparative example.
- FIG. 11A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11B is a sectional view of the light emitting diode.
- FIG. 12 (A) is a plan view before forming a resin package of a light emitting diode in the seventh embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 12 (B) is a side sectional view before forming a resin package of the same light emitting diode. It is.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of the light emitting diode according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 1C is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. A bottom view of the diode is shown.
- the light emitting diode 1 includes a semiconductor light emitting element 4 mounted on lead frames 2 and 3 and a light transmitting resin package 5 covering the semiconductor light emitting element 4.
- the lead frames 2 and 3 are formed by bending a plate-shaped material obtained by subjecting a Cu alloy or the like to NiZAg plating or the like into a Gul 1-Wing shape. More specifically, the lead frames 2 and 3 protrude from the base on which the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is mounted to both sides of the resin package 5 and are bent to the back side, and further bent outward at the ends thereof. Each is formed to extend.
- the rectangular parallelepiped semiconductor light emitting element 4 is flip-chip mounted on the submount element 18, and the lower electrode of the submount element 18 is connected to one of the lead frames 2 by die bonding, and the upper electrode Is connected to the other lead frame 3 by wire bonding.
- the surface of the lead frame 2 to which the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is connected or the main light extraction surface of the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is referred to as the front side or the front side, and the opposite side is referred to as the front side or the front side. It is expressed as the back side or the back side.
- the resin package 5 is made of a resin such as transparent epoxy, for example, and has a substantially inverted shell-like outer shape projecting from the front surface to the back surface. It consists of a lens part 15a on the front side and a pedestal part 15b on the back side (shown in Fig. 1 (C)).
- the pedestal portion 15b is formed in a cylindrical shape on the back side of the semiconductor light emitting element 4, and is solidified so as to cover the ends of the lead frames 2 and 3 facing each other.
- the pedestal portion 15b is provided in a columnar shape on the back surface of the semiconductor light emitting element 4, and protrudes in a direction in which the lead frames 2 and 3 protrude from the side of the column.
- the pedestal portion 15b has a columnar portion that holds the semiconductor light emitting element 4 and a rectangular parallelepiped portion that is located on the side of the columnar column and that captures one end of the lead frames 2 and 3. I have.
- the lower surface of the pedestal portion 15b is formed on substantially the same plane as the lower surfaces of the outer ends of the lead frames 2 and 3.
- the term “substantially the same” includes the case where the lower surfaces of the lead frames 2 and 3 are slightly higher than the lower surface of the pedestal portion 15b, in addition to the case where they are the same surface. If the lead frames 2 and 3 can contact the solder applied on the circuit board while the lower surface of the base 15 b of the light-emitting diode 1 is in contact with the circuit board, It is assumed that the lower surface and the lower surfaces of the outer ends of the lead frames 2 and 3 are provided on substantially the same plane.
- the back surface of the lens portion 15a is a curved surface 6 which is a paraboloid of revolution.
- the center line of the paraboloid of revolution of the curved surface 6 is arranged perpendicular to the surface of the lead frame 2, and the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution is formed so as to be aligned with the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 4.
- a contracted portion 17 is provided at a portion located at the boundary with the seat portion 15b.
- the contracted portion refers to a portion of the lens portion 15a whose plane section is smaller than the plane section of the pedestal section 15b.
- the portion of the pedestal portion 15b with the largest flat cross section is to be compared.
- the portion of the lens portion 15a located on the front side of the contracted portion 17 is an enlarged portion 16 having a curved surface 6.
- the contracted portion 17 is formed to be more depressed than the pedestal portion 15b in the X direction, and as shown in FIG. 1 (B).
- the lower end of the contracted portion 17 is connected to the upper end of the pedestal portion 15b without being recessed than the pedestal portion 15b. I have.
- both ends in the Y direction of the enlarged portion 16 are located inside the lower ends in both directions in the X direction. (Rear side).
- annular plane portion 9 having a surface orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the lens portion 15a.
- a concave portion 7 is provided inside the annular flat portion 9 on the surface of the lens portion 15a.
- a convex lens portion 8 having the same optical axis as that of the semiconductor light emitting device 4 and condensing light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 4 within a predetermined range on the front side is provided inside the concave portion 7. I have.
- the distal end of the convex lens portion 8 is a circular flat portion 11 orthogonal to the optical axis of the convex lens portion 8, which is an example of a diffusion portion that spreads the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 4 to the side.
- the circular flat portion 11 is arranged on the same plane as the annular flat portion 9.
- the circular flat portion 11 is formed to have a size that includes the entire circumference of the rectangular semiconductor light emitting element 4 when viewed from the front.
- the concave portion 7 has a concave curved surface portion 10 connecting the outer peripheral edge of the convex lens portion 8 and the inner peripheral edge of the annular flat portion 9.
- the semiconductor light-emitting element 4 is arranged at a position where an incident angle at which light from the semiconductor light-emitting element 4 enters the curved surface 6 of the resin package 5 is 40 ° or more.
- the reason why the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is arranged at the above position is as follows. Since the light from the semiconductor light emitting element 4 needs to be focused on the surface of the resin package 5, it is preferable that the light is not totally radiated from the curved surface 6 of the resin package 5 to the outside but is totally reflected on the curved surface 6. At this time, the angle of incidence required for light to be totally reflected on the resin package 5 varies depending on the value of the refractive index of the material of the resin package 5.
- a transparent epoxy having a refractive index of 1.55 or less is used as the resin package. ing.
- the incident angle required for the light to be totally reflected on the resin package 5 is 40 degrees or more.
- the position of the semiconductor light emitting element may be changed in order to adjust the total reflection angle according to the refractive index of the resin.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing optical paths of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device.
- the concave curved surface portion 10 is set to a shape that does not hinder the light emitted from the convex lens portion 8. That is, it is designed such that the light emitted from the convex lens portion 8 does not enter the concave curved surface portion 10.
- the procedure for mounting the semiconductor light-emitting element 4 on the lead frames 2 and 3 is the same as the conventional procedure for manufacturing a light-emitting diode, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- a transfer mold In the production of the resin package 5, a transfer mold is used. In this case, a pair of dies that can be moved to the front side and the back side of the lead frames 2 and 3 and a mold that slides to both sides to form the curved surface 6 are used. By using a slide mold, manufacturing can be performed even in a shape in which the curved surface 6 protrudes to the back side.
- the light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting element 4 and incident on the peripheral surface of the circular flat portion 11 of the convex lens portion 8 is refracted inward in the radial direction. Fired at 2.
- the concave curved surface portion 10 is formed in such a shape that light emitted from the convex lens portion 8 to the outside does not enter the concave curved surface portion 10.
- the irradiation range A3 of the reflected light from the curved surface 6 is substantially the same as the entire irradiation range A1.
- Light emitted from the light emitting layer of the semiconductor light emitting element 4 to the back side is reflected by the surface of the lead frame 2 and emitted to the front side.
- Part of the light emitted from the light emitting layer of the semiconductor light emitting device 4 in the oblique direction on the back side enters the portion of the resin package 5 that holds the lead frames 2 and 3, but the light is obliquely emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device. Since the amount of light emitted backward is originally small, it has little effect on the overall amount of light.
- the resin package 5 since the resin package 5 includes the contracted portion 17, the area of the curved surface 6 does not need to be reduced, so that the light emitted to the side can be collected without waste. it can.
- the area of the lower surface of the resin package 5 is increased by the pedestal portion 15b, the supporting portion of the resin package 5 can be formed large to enhance the stability.
- the pedestal 15b protrudes from the contracted portion 17 in the direction in which the lead frames 2 and 3 protrude, and the back of the pedestal 15b in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the lead frames 2 and 3 protrude. Has the same width as the width of the front end of the contracted portion 17.
- the convex lens 8 condenses light that had previously been directed to the outside of the irradiation range into the irradiation range, and the circular flat portion 11 increases only the brightness at the center of the irradiation range. Can be prevented, and the entire luminance within the predetermined range can be made uniform. Since the surface of the circular flat portion 11 is flat, the light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting element can be refracted by the diffusion portion and the light distribution range can be expanded, and the shape can be simplified to improve the yield. It can be done.
- the suction jig will not contact the convex lens portion 8 during automatic mounting.
- the concave portion 7 since the concave portion 7 is provided, light that cannot be condensed within the predetermined range by the convex lens portion 8 is allowed to escape to the outside of the concave portion 7 so as not to irradiate a portion outside the predetermined range.
- the curved surface 6 on the side surface of the resin package 5
- light that cannot be condensed within a predetermined range by the convex lens portion 8 is formed. Can be totally reflected and condensed within a predetermined range.
- the curved surface 6 has a flat cross section including an arc centered on the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 4, light incident on the curved surface 6 from the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is applied to the surface including the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 4. The light can be reflected along the surface along the surface, and the light can be collected without waste. Since the curved surface is a paraboloid of revolution, more light can be collected.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is connected to the side.
- the light emitted to the side and hitting the curved surface can be reflected on the surface side, that is, in the main light extraction direction of the semiconductor light emitting element 4, and the light emitted to the side can be condensed without waste to improve brightness. Can be done.
- the base 15b covers the resin package 5 up to a predetermined height.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is directly mounted on the lead frame 2, a part of the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 4 to the side enters the pedestal 15b.
- the position of the light emitting section can be moved to the front side, so that the light incident on the pedestal section 15b is reduced. The amount of light incident on the curved surface 6 of the resin package 5 can be increased.
- the pedestal portion 15b is projected in the direction in which the lead frames 2 and 3 protrude, that is, to the side, but a contracted portion 17 is formed between the pedestal portion 15b and the expanded portion 16. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the enlarged portion 16 smaller in accordance with the shape of the base portion 15b. Therefore, the area of the curved surface 6 of the enlarged portion 16 is not reduced, and the amount of light incident on the curved surface 6 can be increased while holding the lead frames 2 and 3 with high strength.
- a phosphor may be printed on the surface of the semiconductor light emitting device 4.
- the phosphor is excited by the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 4 and emits light of a color different from the emission color of the semiconductor light emitting element 4.
- white light can be extracted by applying a yellow phosphor. Since the printing thickness can be made thin and uniform, the outer shape of the semiconductor light emitting element 4 hardly increases even when a phosphor is provided. Therefore, even in this case, the semiconductor light emitting element 4 can be considered as a point light source, and the optical path design can be simplified. You can simply do it.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of the light emitting diode according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 3B is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 3C is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. A bottom view is shown.
- the light emitting diode 22 in the second embodiment is different from the light emitting diode 1 in the first embodiment in that the number of semiconductor light emitting elements is two and the number of lead frames is four. .
- Each of the lead frames 23, 24, 25, and 26 is formed in a Gu 11 -Wing shape, and is arranged in a cross shape with one end thereof being close to each other. 7, 8 are die-bonded to the opposing lead frames 23, 24, respectively.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 27 is connected to the lead frame 24 by wire bonding, and the semiconductor light emitting element 28 is connected to the lead frame 26 by wire bonding.
- the centers of the semiconductor light emitting devices 27 and 28 are arranged at a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. 3 (A).
- the resin package 35 is formed in an elliptical shape or a bale shape in plan view.
- the curved surface 36 on the back side of the resin package 35 has the semiconductor light-emitting elements 27 and 28 except for the range a between the center lines of the semiconductor light-emitting elements 27 and 28 shown in FIG.
- the convex lens portions 29, 30 are formed in a shape obtained by dividing the paraboloid of revolution centered on the optical axis of the lens into two, and in the range a, the shape of the positive section is rectangular.
- the optical axis is formed so as to match the optical axis of each of the semiconductor light emitting elements 27 and 28.
- the convex lens portions 29 and 30 integrate a part of the peripheral surface to be polymerized.
- the concave portions 3 1> 32 and the concave curved surface portions 33, 34 formed around the convex lens portions 29, 30 are also superposed, and each is formed in an annular shape connecting two arcs. I have.
- the circular flat portions 38 and 39 located in the convex lens portions 29 and 30 are formed apart from each other.
- Light emitted laterally from the light emitting layers of the semiconductor light emitting devices 27 and 28 is reflected by the curved surface 36 and emitted to the front side.
- the light emitted from the light emitting layers of the semiconductor light emitting elements 27 and 28 toward the peripheral surface of the convex lens portions 29 and 30 is radially opposed on the surfaces of the convex lens portions 29 and 30.
- the light is refracted and collected inside.
- Light emitted from the light emitting layers of the semiconductor light emitting devices 27 and 28 toward the circular flat portions 38 and 39 spreads outward in the radial direction of the circular flat portions 38 and 39.
- the light is refracted and emitted to the outside of the circular flat portions 38, 39.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 27 When a current flows through the lead frames 23 and 24 of the light emitting diode 22, the semiconductor light emitting element 27 emits light, and when a current flows through the lead frames 25 and 26, the semiconductor light emitting element 28 emits light. Further, the semiconductor light emitting elements 27 and 28 can emit light simultaneously. As the semiconductor light-emitting elements 27 and 28, those that emit light of two different colors can be used. In this case, each color or a mixed color of the two colors can be generated.
- FIG. 4A is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of the light emitting diode according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 4B is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of a conventional light emitting diode.
- a light emitting diode in which the upper part of a convex lens portion in a resin package was formed in a spherical shape was used. Then, a simulation was performed for these two light emitting diodes when they were made to emit light under the same electrical conditions.
- the distance from the origin represents the luminous intensity
- the angle with respect to the Y axis represents the light distribution angle.
- the angle with respect to the Y axis represents the angle inclined from the optical axis to the ⁇ -axis direction (shown in Fig. 3 ( ⁇ )), and is shown by the dotted line.
- the angle with respect to the ⁇ axis indicates the angle of inclination from the optical axis in the direction of three axes.
- a light distribution angle of 62 ° or more (31 ° inclination from the Y-axis) is required. It becomes.
- the luminous intensity of the device of the conventional example is 1.6, whereas the luminous intensity of the device of the present embodiment is 1.32. It can be seen that the brightness has decreased.
- the luminous intensity of the device of the conventional example was 0.8, whereas the luminous intensity of the device of the present embodiment was 0.82.
- the luminous intensity ratio of the present embodiment was 62%, while the luminous intensity ratio of the conventional example was 44%.
- a light-emitting diode in which three semiconductor light-emitting elements are mounted on a lead frame will be described.
- those emitting red, green, and blue light are used as the respective semiconductor light emitting elements.
- Each semiconductor light emitting device can generate red, green, and blue, two mixed colors, or three mixed colors, and can adjust the brightness of three colors to generate white light. Is also possible.
- a circular flat portion is formed on each convex lens portion to spread light, thereby making the luminance uniform and allowing each color to be mixed evenly.
- White light which uses a yellow phosphor for blue light, has little red component, so when used in flash for photography, it may emit white light different from natural light, but it may be a mixed color of three colors. Thus, white light emission close to natural light can be obtained.
- a high-power light-emitting diode By mounting three or more white semiconductor light-emitting elements (such as a blue LED coated with a phosphor), a high-power light-emitting diode can be formed, and the brightness of the light can be adjusted to a strobe for digital cameras. Light can be emitted.
- three or more white semiconductor light-emitting elements such as a blue LED coated with a phosphor
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the light emitting diode.
- the semiconductor light emitting device of the fourth embodiment uses a printed wiring board 41 instead of the lead frames 2 and 3 of the light emitting diode 1 in the first embodiment.
- the resin package 42 has a circular flat portion 44 located inside the convex lens portion 43, and condenses the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 45 with the convex lens portion 43 to form a circular shape. Since the light is diffused in the plane portion 44, the brightness can be uniformly improved.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 45 is connected to the submount element 48 on the electrode pattern 46 of the printed wiring board 41 by die bonding, and the electrode pattern 47 formed on the printed wiring board 41. Are electrically connected by wire bonding.
- the electrode patterns 46 and 47 were obtained by performing Ni / Au plating on the surface of the Cu etching pattern. By performing such a manufacturing method, it is possible to ensure both wire bonding properties and reflow solderability during surface mounting.
- FIG. 6A is a plan view of a light-emitting diode as a modification of the fourth embodiment, and FIG.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the light-emitting diode taken along line BB.
- the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 6 has a non-penetrating recess 51 formed on the surface of the printed wiring board 41 of the light emitting diode shown in FIG. A reflection surface is formed by plating on the bottom surface and the side surface 52 of the concave portion 51.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 45 mounted on the bottom surface of the recess 51 is electrically connected to one electrode pattern 47 by wire bonding. Light emitted obliquely rearward from the semiconductor light emitting element 45 is totally reflected by the bottom surface and the side surface 52 of the concave portion 51 and emitted to the front side by the resin package 42, so that higher brightness can be achieved.
- the resin package 42 has a circular flat portion 44 located in the convex lens portion 43.
- Light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 45 is condensed by the convex lens portion 43, and is formed into a circular flat portion. Since the light is diffused at 4, 4, 4, the brightness can be improved uniformly.
- the printed wiring board 41 by using the printed wiring board 41, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 45 to the back side can be reflected to the front side, and light can be prevented from leaking to the back side.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 45 is mounted in the recess 51 formed in the printed wiring board 41, all the light emitted to the rear side and obliquely rearward of the semiconductor light emitting element 45 is reflected and the optical axis is reflected. The brightness of the surface in the direction can be improved.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7B is a front view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. 7C is a side view of the light emitting diode
- FIG. A bottom view of the diode is shown.
- the light emitting diode 61 is a semiconductor light emitting diode of the same color mounted on the base of the lead frame (the first frame 67 and the second frame 68) via the submount elements 62 and 63.
- Elements 64 and 65 and a translucent resin package 66 covering the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 are provided.
- the first frame 67 is made of a plate material obtained by subjecting a Cu alloy or the like to Ni / Ag plating or the like, and is integrally formed.
- the second frame 68 is also made of a plate material obtained by subjecting a Cu alloy or the like to NiZAg plating or the like, and is integrally formed.
- the element fixing portion 74 formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view is such that the longitudinal direction is along the direction orthogonal to the X direction (Y direction). Are placed.
- Two terminal pairs 70 and 71 projecting from the resin package 66 are provided on both sides (sides) of the element fixing portion 74 in the X direction. That is, the terminal pairs 70 and 71 are It is formed integrally via 74.
- the bases of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 are covered with a resin package, and are disposed slightly bent toward the center of the element fixing portion 74.
- the bent portions are provided with long holes 75 and 76, respectively.
- the second frame 68 has terminal pairs 72 and 73 projecting from the resin package 66 on both sides (sides) in the X direction.
- the terminal pairs 72 and 73 are provided apart from each other with the element fixing portion 74 of the first frame 67 interposed therebetween.
- the terminal pairs 72 and 73 of the second frame 68 are bent so that the base end is close to the element fixing part 74 and the base of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 in the area covered by the resin package 66. It is provided.
- Elongated holes 77 and 78 are formed in this bent portion.
- the leading ends of the terminal pairs 72 and 73 are arranged parallel to the leading ends of the terminal pairs 70 and 71.
- the bases of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 and the terminal pairs 72 and 73 are formed to be bent, they do not easily come out of the resin package 66 when they are pulled to the side. Further, since the long holes 75, 76, 77, 78 are formed, the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 are difficult to rotate. When a force is applied, the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 are bent near the slots 75, 76, 77, 78, so that the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal This prevents the base of the pair 72, 73 from being bent due to the application of force, and can maintain the strength of the die bond or the wire bond.
- the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 are formed by bending into a Gull-Wing (gull wing) shape. More specifically, the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 project from the base on which the semiconductor light emitting elements 64, 65 are mounted on both sides in the X direction of the resin package 66, respectively. It is formed so that its tip is bent outward and extends to both sides in the X direction.
- Gull-Wing gull wing
- the terminals 70 and 71 or the terminals 72 and 73 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of the resin package 66.
- the submount elements 62 and 63 are die-bonded to the element fixing portions 74 of the first frame 67, respectively, and connected to the second frame 68 by wire bonding, respectively.
- the wire connection portions of the sub-mount elements 62 and 63 are arranged close to each other, and the semiconductor light-emitting elements 64 and 65 are located on the sub-mount elements 62 and 63 at positions separated on both sides in the Y direction, respectively. Are located. That is, the semiconductor light emitting elements 64, 65 are arranged in a direction (Y direction) orthogonal to the direction (X direction) from which the terminal pairs 70, 71 and 72, 73 protrude. Is arranged.
- the wire connection portions of the submount elements 62 and 63 are arranged close to each other, the wire can be arranged substantially at the center in the resin package 66. As a result, deformation and breakage of the wire due to external force can be suppressed.
- the terminal pairs 70 and 71 of the first frame 67 are connected to the p-side electrodes (not shown) of the semiconductor light emitting devices 64 and 65, and the terminal pairs 72 and 73 of the second frame 68 are It is connected to the n-side electrodes (not shown) of the semiconductor light emitting devices 64, 65.
- the front side refers to the side of the lead frame to which the semiconductor light emitting element 4 is connected and the side of the semiconductor light emitting element 64 that is the main light extraction surface.
- the resin package 66 is made of, for example, a resin such as transparent epoxy, and includes a front lens part 66 a and a rear pedestal part 66 b as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C. I have.
- the pedestal portion 66 b is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor light-emitting devices 64 and 65, and protrudes to the side covering the bases of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 and the terminal pairs 72 and 73.
- the pedestal portion 66 b is provided in a cylindrical shape on the back surface of the semiconductor light emitting devices 64, 65, and the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 protrude from the side of the cylinder. Each project in the X direction. In other words, pedestal 6
- 6b is a columnar portion holding the semiconductor light emitting elements 64, 65, and a rectangular parallelepiped portion located on the side of the column and reinforcing the base of the terminal pair 70, 71 and the terminal pair 72, 73. have.
- the lower surface of the pedestal portion 66 b is formed on substantially the same plane as the lower surfaces of the outer ends of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 and the terminal pairs 72 and 73.
- the term “substantially the same” includes the case where the lower surfaces of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 and the terminal pairs 72 and 73 are slightly higher than the lower surface of the pedestal portion 66 b, in addition to the case where they are the same surface. Also, with the lower surface of the pedestal portion 66 b of the light emitting diode 61 abutting on the circuit board,
- the lower surface of the base 66 b and the terminal pairs 70, 71 and the terminal pairs 72, 73 Is provided on substantially the same plane as the lower surface of the outer end portion of.
- the lens portion 66 a is an enlarged portion having a curved surface 79 gradually enlarged toward the front side so that light emitted laterally from the semiconductor light emitting elements 64, 65 is totally reflected to the front side.
- 83 and a contracted portion 84 located between the enlarged portion 83 and the pedestal portion 66b.
- Figure 7 As shown in (B) and (C), both ends in the Y direction of the expanded portion 83 are arranged below the both ends in the X direction.
- the curved surface 79 of the enlarged portion 83 is formed so as to protrude to the back side with respect to the surface of the resin package 66.
- the curved surface 79 is formed by connecting the paraboloids of rotation 80a and 80b (shown in FIG. 7B) in which the respective focal points are arranged on the optical axes of the semiconductor light emitting devices 64 and 65. That is, the plane cross section has a shape in which arcs centered on the optical axes of the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 are connected.
- the paraboloids of revolution 80a, 80b are designed such that the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting elements 64, 65 enters the curved surface 79 at an incident angle of 40 ° or more.
- the angle of incidence was set to 40 ° or more because the total reflection angle was 40 ° when the refractive index of the resin package was 1.55. As a result, almost all the light that has entered the curved surface 79 is totally reflected, and is emitted toward the front side in the optical axis direction.
- the resin material is changed, the position of the semiconductor light emitting element and the package shape can be changed in accordance with the total reflection angle.
- an annular flat portion 85 having a surface orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the lens portion 66a.
- a concave portion 86 is provided inside the annular flat portion 85 on the surface of the lens portion 66a.
- the concave portion 86 has an outer shape formed by connecting arcs concentric with the paraboloids of revolution 80a and 80b in plan view.
- convex lens portions 87, 88 each having a shape in which a flat cross section connects an arc concentric with the concave portion 86 are formed.
- the distal ends of the convex lens portions 87 and 88 are circular flat portions 89, and the circular flat portions 89 are arranged on the same plane as the annular flat portion 85.
- the concave portion 86 has a concave curved surface portion 81 that connects the outer peripheral edges of the convex lens portions 87, 88 and the inner peripheral edge of the annular flat portion 85.
- the light emitting diode 61 is configured to be used as a surface mount type. Next, a method of manufacturing the light emitting diode 61 will be described.
- the plate material is punched to form a flat plate-like material for manufacturing the first and second frames 67, 68.
- the portions to be the first frame 67 and the second frame 68 have their outer ends connected to other portions.
- the first frame 67 and the second frame 68 are formed to a state before being bent into a gull wing shape.
- the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 are mounted on the first frame 67.
- a mold for transfer molding is used for manufacturing the resin package 66.
- a pair of molds movable on the front and back sides of the first frame 67 and the second frame 68, and the first frame 67 and the second frame 68 for molding the curved surface 79 Use a mold that slides out on both sides (X direction) that protrudes. By using a slide mold, manufacturing can be performed even in a shape provided with the contracted portion 84.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the light emitting diode 61. As shown in FIG. 8, the zener diodes 13 4 and 13 5 formed in the semiconductor light emitting devices 64 and 65 are connected to the semiconductor light emitting devices 64 and 65 with their polarities reversed. ing.
- the terminal 130 connected to the p-side electrode of the semiconductor light-emitting element 64 is plus, and the terminal connected to the n-side electrode of the semiconductor light-emitting element 64 is positive. Apply voltage so that the child 13 3 side becomes negative. In addition, a voltage is applied so that the terminal 13 1 connected to the p-side electrode of the semiconductor light emitting element 65 is positive and the terminal 13 2 connected to the n-side electrode of the semiconductor light emitting element 65 is negative. .
- light emitting diodes require changing the shape of product leads or adding marks to the resin package in order to align the polarities.
- the light emitting diode of the present embodiment can be used in the same manner as in the case where the light emitting diode is turned upside down and mounted 180 °, so that there is no need to worry about the polarity.
- handling of products is simplified.
- terminals 70 and 71 of the first frame 67 are provided integrally, and the terminals 72 and 73 of the second frame 68 are provided separately from each other, so that the strength of the lead frame is increased. And the pull-out strength can be increased.
- the leading ends of the terminal pairs 70 and 71 in the first frame 67 are arranged in parallel with the leading ends of the terminal pairs 72 and 73 in the second frame 68.
- Semiconductor light emitting device By arranging 64, 65 in a direction orthogonal to the front end of the terminals 70, 71 in the first frame 67 and the front end of the terminal pair 72, 73 in the second frame 68, A surface-mounted light-emitting diode can be formed, and the distance between terminals can be adjusted according to the distance between the semiconductor light-emitting elements 64 and 65, so that the device can be made thinner and smaller.
- the first frame 67 has an element fixing part 74 to which the back surfaces of the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 are fixed.
- the terminal pairs 70 and 71 in the first frame 67 are 4 project in opposite directions in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the element fixing portion 74, and the terminal pairs 72, 73 in the second frame 68 each have a base connected to the element fixing portion 74. , And the front ends are arranged in parallel with the terminal pairs 70 and 72 in the first frame 67, respectively.
- the terminal pair can be formed so as not to be easily detached from the resin package, and disconnection of the wire can be prevented, so that the reliability of the device can be improved.
- the respective bases of the terminal pairs 72 and 73 in the second frame 68 are bent in the resin package 66 in a direction approaching the terminal pairs 70 and 71 in the adjacent first frame 67.
- the terminal pairs 72 and 73 can be hardly removed from the resin package 66, and the reliability of the device can be improved.
- the light emitting diode 61 since the light emitting diode 61 includes the submount elements 62 and 63, when an excessive voltage or reverse voltage is applied to the light emitting diode 61 by mistake, the submount elements 62 and 63 are provided. A large current can be prevented from flowing through the light emitting diode 61 by the zener diodes 13 4 and 13 5 formed in 63, and the reliability of the product can be improved.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an optical path of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 and incident on the circular flat portion 89 is refracted on the surface of the circular flat portion 89 and spreads out and emitted.
- the light that has entered the peripheral surface of the circular flat portion 89 of the convex lens portions 87, 88 is refracted toward the optical axis.
- Light reaching the curved surface 79 from the semiconductor light emitting devices 64 and 65 is totally reflected in the optical axis direction.
- Light emitted from the light emitting layers of the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65 to the back side is reflected by the surfaces of the first frame 67 and the second frame 68 and emitted to the front side.
- a straight line 1 or a semiconductor light emitting element 65 that connects the intersection of the arcs that appear when the paraboloids of revolution 80 a and 80 b are viewed in plan and the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 65.
- the cross-sectional shape of the light-emitting diode 61 becomes a constant shape as shown in FIG. 9 when cut along any of the straight lines L2 drawn from the optical axis in the X direction. In order to have a constant shape like this It has the following advantages.
- the flat cross section of the resin package 66 is a bale type, that is, the cross sections of the paraboloids of rotation 80a and 80b are formed into a semicircle, and the respective ends are connected by a straight line.
- the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 65 along the straight line L2 is reflected along a plane including the straight line L2 and the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting device 65, but Light emitted from the light emitting element 65 along the straight line L 1 is reflected toward the semiconductor light emitting element 64 with respect to a plane including the straight line L 1 and the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 65.
- This phenomenon occurs in all light emitted between the straight line L2 and the straight line L1. Since a region equivalent to the region between the straight line L2 and the straight line L1 has four positions in one light emitting diode 1, the luminance of the light emitting diode 61 is greatly reduced.
- the curved surface 79 has a flat cross section formed by connecting arcs centered on the optical axis of each of the semiconductor light emitting elements 64 and 65. 2 can be emitted along a plane including the semiconductor light emitting element 65, thereby improving the luminance and uniformly spreading the reflected light.
- the shape of the concave portion 86 is also a shape in which arcs are connected in the same manner as the curved surface 79, the distance between the curved surface 79 and the concave portion 86 is kept constant, and the light reflected by the curved surface 79 is However, it is possible to more reliably reach the annular plane portion 85.
- FIG. 10 (A) is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of a light emitting diode according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 (B) is a graph showing light distribution characteristics of a light emitting diode of a comparative example.
- the light emitting diode of the comparative example is a resin package 66 in which the cross section is a bale type, that is, the cross section of the paraboloids of rotation 80a and 80b is formed so as to be a semicircle.
- the cross section is a bale type, that is, the cross section of the paraboloids of rotation 80a and 80b is formed so as to be a semicircle.
- One having a shape in which each end was connected by a straight line was used. Then, a simulation was performed for these two light emitting diodes when they were made to emit light under the same electrical conditions.
- the distance from the origin represents the luminous intensity
- the distance from the Y axis optical axis
- the angle represents the light distribution angle.
- the angle with respect to the Y axis indicates an angle inclined from the optical axis in the ⁇ direction
- the angle with respect to the ⁇ axis indicates the optical axis From
- a light distribution angle of 62 ° or more is required.
- the luminous intensity of the device of the comparative example is 1.18, whereas the luminous intensity of the device of the present embodiment is 1.21, which is approximately 2.5% in the device of the present embodiment.
- An increase in luminosity was observed.
- the luminous intensity of the device of the comparative example is 0.72, whereas the luminous intensity of the device of the present embodiment is 0.78, and the device of the present embodiment is 0.78. Showed an increase of about 8% in luminous intensity.
- the luminance in a range away from the optical axis could be improved.
- the luminous intensity ratio of the comparative example was 61%, whereas the luminous intensity ratio of the present embodiment was 64%.
- the light distribution range can be expanded, and the predetermined range can be uniformly irradiated.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- the present invention may be applied to a case where a resin package is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or a case where a convex lens is formed on the front side of a rectangular parallelepiped pedestal portion. Can be applied.
- the first frame can be an n-electrode and the second frame can be a p-electrode.
- first frames and second frames may be provided, whereby the present invention can be applied to a case where three or more semiconductor light emitting elements are used.
- FIG. 11A is a plan view of a light emitting diode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11B is a sectional view of the light emitting diode.
- the light emitting diode 91 is composed of a semiconductor light emitting element 93 mounted on a printed wiring board 92 and a translucent resin package 94 covering the semiconductor light emitting element 93. I have it.
- the printed wiring board 92 is formed in a rectangular shape, and has electrode patterns 98 and 99 formed at both ends.
- a non-penetrating recess 95 is formed on the surface of the printed wiring board 92.
- the recess 9 5 It has a circular bottom surface 96 and a curved surface 97 that is a paraboloid of revolution formed around the bottom surface 96.
- the center line of the paraboloid of revolution passes through the center of the bottom surface 96 and is arranged parallel to the normal direction of the printed wiring board 92.
- the bottom surface 96 and the curved surface 97 of the concave portion 95 are coated with an insulating white paint (reflective paint) containing a reflective material such as, for example, titanium oxide.
- the electrode patterns 98, 99 of the printed wiring board 92 extend from both ends of the printed wiring board 92 into the concave portion 95, and are arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the printed wiring board 92.
- the electrode patterns 98 and 99 were obtained by performing Ni / Au plating on the Cu etching pattern. By performing such a manufacturing method, it is possible to maintain both the wire bonding property and the reflow solderability during surface mounting.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is connected to an electrode pattern 98 provided on the surface of the printed wiring board 92 by die bonding via a submount element 100.
- the submount element 100 is provided close to one of the bottom surfaces 96, and a semiconductor light emitting element 93 having a lower surface smaller than the upper surface of the submount element 100 is provided on the center thereof. Is provided at the center of the bottom surface 96. Then, in a region where submount 1 0 0 of the upper surface caries Chi semiconductor light-emitting element 9 3 is not installed, the wire bonding region is provided.
- the electrode pattern 99 is disposed on the opposite side of the wire bonding region of the submount element 100 with the semiconductor light emitting element 93 interposed therebetween.
- the wire passes through the front side of the semiconductor light emitting element 93 and is The pattern 99 and the submount element 100 are connected.
- the surface on the front side refers to the surface of the printed wiring board 92 on which the concave portions 95 are provided. Most of the light can be emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 because the wire is thin. As shown by the two-dot chain line and diagonal lines in FIG. 11A, the electrode pattern 99 is formed to extend to a position adjacent to the wire bonding area of the submount 100 on the bottom surface 96. When a wire is connected to this extension, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is not obstructed by the wire, and light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 to the front side can be increased.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is disposed in the concave portion 95 of the printed wiring board 92, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 leaks to the back side of the printed wiring board 92. Can be prevented.
- the resin package 94 is made of a resin such as transparent epoxy, for example.
- a solid base covering the whole of the semiconductor light emitting element 93 and a part of the electrode patterns 98, 99 in the concave portion 95, and a protrusion protruding from the surface of the printed wiring board 92 to the front side, and the An enlarged portion 102 having a curved surface 101 gradually enlarged toward the front side so as to totally reflect light emitted from the optical element 93 to the side to the front side is provided.
- the curved surface 101 forms a first curved surface that is a paraboloid of revolution, and the curved surface 97 formed on the ⁇ portion 95 of the printed wiring board 92 forms a second curved surface.
- the base end of the curved surface 101 is connected to the front end of the curved surface 97.
- An annular flat surface 103 orthogonal to the optical axis of the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is formed on the outer periphery of the surface of the resin package 94, and an adjustment for adjusting the light distribution range is made inside the annular flat surface 103.
- a concave portion 104 is formed, and a convex lens portion 105 having the same optical axis as that of the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is formed in the concave portion 104 for adjustment.
- a circular flat portion 106 is formed at the tip of the convex lens portion 105, and the circular flat portion 106 is arranged on the same plane as the annular flat portion 103. That is, the convex lens portion 105 is provided so as not to protrude from the adjusting concave portion 104. Further, the circular flat portion 106 is formed to have a size including the entire circumference of the rectangular semiconductor light emitting element 93 when viewed from the front.
- the adjusting concave portion 104 has an outer peripheral edge of the convex lens portion 105 and a concave curved surface portion 107 connecting the inner peripheral edge of the annular flat portion 103.
- the surface of the printed wiring board 92 is cut with a bit conforming to the shape of the curved surface 97, and then electrode patterns 98, 99 are formed by plating or etching. Then, an insulating white paint is applied to the bottom surface 96 and the curved surface 97 of the concave portion 95.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is mounted on the electrode patterns 98, 99.
- this procedure is the same as the conventional procedure for manufacturing a light emitting diode, the description is omitted.
- a transfer mold is used.
- a pair of molds that can be moved to the front side and the back side of the printed wiring board 92 and a mold that slides to both sides to form the curved surface 101 are used.
- a slide mold manufacturing can be performed even in a shape in which the curved surface 101 protrudes to the back side.
- the light emitting diode 91 can be used as a surface mount type device. A part of the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 in the optical axis direction is emitted outward from the circular flat portion 106 and remains as it is. Go straight. The light that has reached the peripheral surface of the convex lens portion 105 is refracted inward in the radial direction in the optical axis direction, and is emitted outward from the convex lens portion 105.
- the convex lens portion 105 and the concave curved surface portion 107 are formed in such a shape that light emitted from the convex lens portion 105 to the outside does not enter the concave curved surface portion 107 again.
- the curved surface 97 and the curved surface 101 are paraboloids of revolution, and are designed so that the incident angle of the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is almost 40 ° or more.
- the position of the semiconductor light emitting element may be changed in order to adjust the total reflection angle in accordance with the refractive index of the resin.
- two types of curved surfaces 97 and 101 are provided. Then, the light incident on the curved surface 101 from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is incident at a larger incident angle than the light incident on the curved surface 97, so that the light incident on the curved surface 101 is efficiently totally reflected.
- the angle of incidence of light emitted obliquely rearward (back side direction) from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 and incident on the curved surface 97 becomes smaller than 40 °, but the curved surface 97 is formed on the printed wiring board 92.
- the light is efficiently reflected without being emitted to the outside from the curved surface 97 because it is formed in contact with the side surface of the provided concave portion.
- light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 backward (toward the back side) is reflected to the front side by the bottom surface 96 and the surfaces of the electrode patterns 98, 99.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is mounted on the bottom surface 96 of the concave portion 95 via the submount 100, the position of the light emitting surface of the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is Therefore, the amount of light incident on the curved surface 101 can be increased, and the light can be reflected more efficiently.
- the peel strength can be increased as compared with the case where the resin package is formed in a flat shape on the substrate.
- FIG. 12 (A) is a plan view before forming a resin package of a light emitting diode in the seventh embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 12 (B) is a plan view showing a state before forming a resin package of the light emitting diode.
- the light emitting diode 118 of the present embodiment is different from the light emitting diode 91 of the sixth embodiment only in the configuration of the electrode pattern and the arrangement of wires, and the other configurations are the same.
- the curved surface (second curved surface) 125 constituting the side surface of the concave portion 120 of the printed wiring board 119 is made of the same material as the electrode patterns 122, 122.
- a reflecting surface 123 is provided by coating metal.
- the electrode pattern 1 2 1 covers one end of the printed circuit board 1 1 9, covers approximately half the circumference of the curved surface 1 2 5 in the recess 1 2 0, and further covers approximately half of the bottom 1 2 4 in the recess 1 2 0. It is formed to cover. Further, the electrode pattern 122 covers the other end of the printed wiring board 119, covers approximately half the circumference of the curved surface 125 in the recess 120, and further covers the bottom surface 124 in the recess 120. It is formed to cover almost half.
- the electrode patterns 12 1 and 12 2 in the recess 120 are formed with a small gap that does not cause a short circuit.
- the semiconductor light emitting element 93 is mounted on the submount element 100.
- the submount element 100 is connected to the electrode pattern 122 by die bonding, and connected to the electrode pattern 122 by wire bonding. .
- the wire is connected to a position adjacent to the die bonding region of the submount element 100, and is arranged so as not to disturb light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 93 to the front side. Note that the other configuration is the same as that of the sixth embodiment, and thus the description is omitted.
- the electrode and the reflecting surface can be shared, and the light reflectance and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
- the light-emitting diode of the present invention has a high luminance and is capable of emitting uniform light, a component member is not easily separated from a holding member such as a lead frame, a high-density mounting and miniaturization are possible, and It has high industrial applicability because it can emit light under the same conditions no matter which direction it is mounted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/532,813 US7347603B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | Light-emitting diode |
DE60318611T DE60318611T2 (de) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | Lichtemittierende Diode |
AU2003280708A AU2003280708A1 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | Light-emitting diode |
EP03770119A EP1564819B1 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | Light emitting diode |
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002-320889 | 2002-11-05 | ||
JP2002320889 | 2002-11-05 | ||
JP2003286673A JP2005057072A (ja) | 2003-08-05 | 2003-08-05 | 発光ダイオード |
JP2003-286673 | 2003-08-05 | ||
JP2003-286672 | 2003-08-05 | ||
JP2003286672A JP3938116B2 (ja) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-08-05 | 発光ダイオード |
JP2003296065A JP4001082B2 (ja) | 2003-08-20 | 2003-08-20 | 発光ダイオード |
JP2003-296065 | 2003-08-20 | ||
JP2003-299590 | 2003-08-25 | ||
JP2003299590A JP2004158830A (ja) | 2003-08-25 | 2003-08-25 | 発光ダイオード |
JP2003-308563 | 2003-09-01 | ||
JP2003-308564 | 2003-09-01 | ||
JP2003308563A JP2005079371A (ja) | 2003-09-01 | 2003-09-01 | 発光ダイオード |
JP2003308564A JP3988703B2 (ja) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-09-01 | 発光ダイオード |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004042833A1 true WO2004042833A1 (ja) | 2004-05-21 |
Family
ID=32315026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/014048 WO2004042833A1 (ja) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | 発光ダイオード |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7347603B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1564819B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101015289B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100356591C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003280708A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60318611T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI231611B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004042833A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1633006A3 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2008-07-23 | Avago Technologies ECBU IP (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Light-emitting diode and method for its production |
WO2006051844A1 (ja) | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 樹脂封止金型および樹脂封止装置 |
EP1701389A1 (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-13 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Lens for light emitting diode, back light assembly having the same, and liquid crystal display having the assembly |
US7580198B2 (en) | 2005-03-08 | 2009-08-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Lens for light emitting diode, back light assembly having the same, and liquid crystal display having the assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7347603B2 (en) | 2008-03-25 |
KR101015289B1 (ko) | 2011-02-15 |
EP1564819A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
CN100356591C (zh) | 2007-12-19 |
KR20050055626A (ko) | 2005-06-13 |
TWI231611B (en) | 2005-04-21 |
DE60318611T2 (de) | 2008-06-05 |
CN1692503A (zh) | 2005-11-02 |
EP1564819A4 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
US20060050526A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
AU2003280708A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
DE60318611D1 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
EP1564819B1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
TW200417059A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
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