WO2004033955A2 - 流量や温度調整による水素ガスなどの圧縮ガスで燃料タンクを充填する燃料充填装置および方法 - Google Patents
流量や温度調整による水素ガスなどの圧縮ガスで燃料タンクを充填する燃料充填装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004033955A2 WO2004033955A2 PCT/IB2003/004131 IB0304131W WO2004033955A2 WO 2004033955 A2 WO2004033955 A2 WO 2004033955A2 IB 0304131 W IB0304131 W IB 0304131W WO 2004033955 A2 WO2004033955 A2 WO 2004033955A2
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- fuel
- temperature
- hydrogen gas
- gas
- filling device
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
- F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
- F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0365—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling with recovery of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0631—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel filling apparatus and a method for filling a vehicle with hydrogen gas or compressed natural gas as fuel gas.
- Conventional technology
- compressed natural gas vehicles that use compressed natural gas as fuel and hydrogen gas vehicles that use hydrogen gas as fuel are being developed. These vehicles have the advantage of low emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides (NO x), sulfur oxides (SO x), etc.
- these vehicles like a normal gasoline-powered vehicle, travel to a supply base equipped with a fuel filling device (dispenser-1) for filling the fuel, compressed natural gas or hydrogen gas, and from this fuel filling device Compressed natural gas or hydrogen gas will be replenished (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- a fuel filling device dispenser-1
- Compressed natural gas or hydrogen gas will be replenished (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- compressed natural gas and hydrogen gas are collectively referred to as fuel gas.
- a fuel gas supply path connected to an accumulator serving as a high-pressure fuel gas supply source and a supply amount of fuel gas supplied from the gas accumulator are adjusted.
- a flow control valve that measures the flow rate of fuel gas, an integrating flow meter that measures and integrates the fuel gas flow, a shut-off valve that stops fuel gas supply at the end of filling, and a structure that closes when the fuel gas pressure exceeds the set pressure A valve equipped with an overfilling prevention valve is used.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a conventional overfilling prevention valve.
- the overfilling prevention valve 120 is based on a fuel gas flow path 121, a valve part 122 that opens and closes the fuel gas flow path 121 by a valve element 130, and a fuel gas charging pressure. And a valve body displacement means 123 for displacing the valve body 130 (see Non-Patent Document 2).
- the valve body displacement means 123 is a spring in the present embodiment, and will be described as a spring 123 hereinafter.
- the fuel gas flow path 1 2 1 is connected to the fuel gas supply path 3.
- the valve part 122 includes a valve rod 131 having a valve element 130 and a valve box 133 having a sliding hole 132 in which the valve rod 131 is slidably accommodated. ing.
- the sliding hole 1 32 communicates with the fuel gas flow path 1 2 1.
- the valve element 130 is formed at a position corresponding to the valve chamber 134 formed in the sliding hole 132.
- the spring 1 2 3 is housed in the spring housing section 140, takes a reaction force inside the spring housing section 140, and moves the piston 1 4 2 through the ball 1 4 1 into the valve section 1 2 2. In the direction of.
- the piston 144 is stored in the piston storage section 144.
- the piston 14 2 is fixed to one end of the valve rod 13 1, and the piston 14 2 and the valve rod 13 1 move integrally.
- a branched path 144 branched from the fuel gas supply path 3 on the secondary side of the overfill prevention valve 120 is connected to the piston storage section 144. Through this branch path 144, the fuel gas in the secondary side fuel gas supply path 3 is supplied between the piston 144 in the piston storage section 144 and the valve section 122. It has become.
- Hydrogen gas is a gas that has the property of increasing its temperature due to the Joule-Thomson effect, unlike general gases. Therefore, the temperature of hydrogen gas rises when passing through valves and the like.
- the overfill prevention valve 120 when the overfill prevention valve 120 is heated or cooled by the fuel gas passing through the overfill prevention valve 120, the spring 123 is heated or cooled, and its spring constant is increased. Has changed, and as a result, there has been a problem that the overfill prevention valve 120 may not operate at the correct set pressure.
- compressed natural gas is the same as other high-pressure gases (inert gas, oxygen gas, etc.).
- adiabatic expansion is performed from a compressed state (for example, a pressure of 35 MPa)
- the regas temperature decreases due to the Joule-Thomson effect.
- the temperature of compressed natural gas drops when it passes through equipment with pores and slits, such as equipment valves, check valves, and couplers.
- hydrogen gas is a gas that has the property of increasing its temperature due to the Joule-Thomson effect, unlike general gases. Therefore, the temperature of hydrogen gas rises when passing through devices such as valves. In addition, when filling the fuel tank, the temperature rises due to adiabatic compression, so the gas temperature tends to be extremely high. Since the operating temperature of the FRP fuel tank has an upper limit, strict temperature control is required when filling with hydrogen gas, and it is difficult to increase the filling speed.
- a temperature terminal (temperature sensor) is provided in the vehicle's fuel tank, the fuel filling pipe is connected to the vehicle's fuel tank, and the temperature measurement wiring is connected to the temperature terminal to detect the temperature.
- a method has been proposed in which the fuel supply is performed while adjusting the gas supply flow rate based on the determined tank temperature.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when supplying hydrogen gas or compressed natural gas to an automobile, a fuel filling apparatus including an overfilling prevention valve that can reliably operate according to a set pressure.
- the purpose is to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel filling device which can safely perform rapid filling of hydrogen gas with a relatively simple configuration.
- the present invention provides a fuel filling apparatus and method which can surely keep the temperature of a fuel tank of a hydrogen gas automobile or the like powered by a fuel cell low and can perform fuel filling with a simple operation.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present invention relates to a fuel filling device provided with an overfilling prevention valve in a fuel gas supply path for supplying a fuel gas to an automobile,
- the overfilling prevention valve includes a fuel gas flow path, a valve unit that opens and closes the fuel gas flow path with a valve element, and a valve element displacement unit that displaces the valve element based on a fuel gas filling pressure.
- a fuel filling device characterized by comprising a temperature adjusting section for adjusting the temperature of the valve body displacement means.
- the temperature of the valve body displacing means can be maintained in the set temperature range by the temperature adjusting section. Can be. Therefore, the overfill prevention valve operates reliably according to the set pressure.
- the temperature adjustment of the valve body displacement means by the temperature adjustment unit should be performed so that the temperature of the valve pair displacement means is maintained at around room temperature. Is preferred.
- a heat exchanger for cooling the fuel gas can be provided in the fuel gas supply path. This makes it possible to cool the fuel gas without increasing the energy required for temperature adjustment by the temperature adjustment unit.
- the temperature adjustment unit can cool the valve body displacement unit using a refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger. This makes it easier to supply the refrigerant to the temperature adjustment unit.
- the present invention relates to a fuel filling device for filling a fuel tank of a hydrogen gas vehicle using hydrogen gas as a fuel with hydrogen gas, the fuel filling device comprising a heat exchanger for cooling hydrogen gas. I will provide a.
- a heat exchanger that cools the hydrogen gas using the liquid inert gas as a refrigerant. This heat exchanger uses an inert gas obtained by evaporating the liquid inert gas by heat exchange with the hydrogen gas inside the fuel filling device.
- a fuel filling device characterized in that the fuel filling device can discharge the fuel into the fuel.
- liquid inert gas examples include liquid nitrogen and liquid argon.
- a heat exchanger having a first heat exchange section for cooling hydrogen gas with an intermediate medium and a second heat exchange section for cooling the intermediate medium with a liquid inert gas can be used.
- the fuel filling apparatus of the present invention includes control means for controlling the supply amount of hydrogen gas, and the control means controls the storage unit storing the temperature history database and the data in the temperature history database.
- the control unit controls the hydrogen gas supply flow rate by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve.
- the temperature history database stores the temperature inside the fuel tank before filling, the temperature of the hydrogen gas filling the fuel tank, and the flow control valve. It can be configured to include data indicating the relationship between the opening degree of the fuel tank and the temperature in the fuel tank at the time of filling.
- the fuel filling method of the present invention is a method of filling a fuel tank of a hydrogen gas vehicle using hydrogen gas as a fuel with hydrogen gas using a fuel filling device, wherein the fuel filling device reduces the supply amount of hydrogen gas.
- Flow control valve to adjust and cooling hand to cool hydrogen gas And a step of cooling the hydrogen gas that has passed through the flow control valve using a cooling means, and then filling the hydrogen gas into a fuel tank.
- the fuel filling device includes a control unit for controlling the supply amount of the hydrogen gas, and the control unit controls the flow rate based on the data in the storage unit storing the temperature history database and the data in the temperature history database.
- the control section controls the hydrogen gas supply flow rate by adjusting the valve opening.
- the temperature history database stores the temperature inside the fuel tank before filling, the temperature of the hydrogen gas filling the fuel tank, and the opening of the flow control valve. It contains data indicating the relationship between the temperature and the temperature in the fuel tank at the time of filling, and a method of performing filling using this fuel filling device can be employed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fuel filling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of an overfilling prevention valve applicable to the fuel filling device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a fuel filling device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an overfilling prevention valve applicable to a fuel filling device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of a fifth embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a fuel filling device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing control means of the fuel filling device shown in FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a procedure of an example of a fuel filling method according to the present invention;
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a procedure of an example of the fuel filling method of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining another example of the fuel filling method of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an overfilling prevention valve used in a conventional fuel filling device.
- hydrogen gas and compressed natural gas is referred to as “fuel gas”, and hydrogen gas vehicles and compressed natural gas vehicles are collectively referred to as “automobiles”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an overfilling prevention valve that can be applied to the fuel filling device shown in FIG.
- the heat exchanger 4 is provided on the secondary side of the overfilling prevention valve 20, and is capable of cooling fuel gas by a refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 4 by a cooling medium supply means (not shown). You can do it. Further, a refrigerant flow path 6 for supplying a part of the refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 4 to the overfill prevention valve 20 is provided between the heat exchanger 4 and the overfill prevention valve 20. ing.
- a refrigerant which is chemically inert and does not react with fuel gas and ignite or explode even if it leaks out of the heat exchanger 4 due to an accident or failure is preferable.
- Used for Specific examples include ethylene glycol, dichloromethane, methanol, liquid nitrogen, and liquid argon.
- One end of a communication pipe 11 such as a flexible hose is connected to an end of the fuel gas supply path 3.
- the other end of the connecting pipe 11 can be connected to a fuel gas supply path 14 connected to a fuel tank 13 of a car 12 via a coupler (not shown).
- the fuel gas supply path 14 is provided with a check valve V3. Leakage of the fuel gas in the fuel tank 13 to the outside is prevented by the check valve V3.
- the overfilling prevention valve 20 includes a fuel gas flow path 21, a valve section 22 that opens and closes the fuel gas flow path 21 by a valve 30, and a fuel gas charging pressure.
- a valve body displacement means 23 for displacing the valve body 30 based on the above, and a temperature adjusting section 24 for adjusting the temperature of the valve body displacement means 23.
- the valve body displacement means 23 is a spring in the present embodiment, and will be described below as a spring 23.
- the fuel gas flow path 21 is connected to the fuel gas supply path 3.
- the valve part 22 includes a valve stem 31 having a valve body 30 and a valve box 33 having a sliding hole 32 in which the valve stem 31 is slidably accommodated.
- the sliding hole 32 communicates with the fuel gas flow path 21.
- the valve body 30 is formed at a position corresponding to the valve chamber 34 formed in the sliding hole 32.
- a branch path 44 branched from the fuel gas supply path 3 on the secondary side of the overfilling prevention valve 20 is connected to the biston storage section 43.
- the fuel gas in the fuel gas supply path 3 on the secondary side is supplied between the piston 42 in the piston storage section 43 and the valve section 22 through the branch path 44.
- the temperature adjustment section 24 opens the control valve 52 when the detected value of the temperature sensor 50 exceeds a preset temperature range, and closes the control valve 52 when the temperature falls below the preset temperature range. With such control, the temperature of the spring 23 can be maintained in a predetermined set temperature range.
- valve section 22 and the spring 23 operate in the same manner as the conventional overfill prevention valve 120 shown in FIG. 5. Is omitted.
- the fuel filling device 1 opens and closes the fuel gas passage 21 by the overfilling prevention valve 20 force fuel gas passage 21 and the valve element 30 as described above.
- the temperature control unit is equipped with a valve unit 22 for adjusting the temperature of the spring 23 and a spring 23 for displacing the valve 30 based on the filling pressure of the fuel gas.
- the part 24 always keeps the temperature of the spring 23 within a predetermined set temperature range, and ensures that the overfill prevention valve 20 operates according to the set pressure. This prevents inconveniences such as the overfill prevention valve 20 operating at a pressure significantly deviating from the set pressure. Therefore, filling can be performed with the filling pressure as set.
- the heat exchanger 4 for cooling the fuel gas is provided in the fuel gas supply path 3, the fuel gas is cooled without increasing the energy required for the temperature adjustment by the temperature adjustment unit 24. be able to. As a result, even for a gas such as hydrogen gas whose temperature easily rises in the fuel filling device, the temperature before fuel gas filling can be lowered, and the temperature of the fuel tank 13 can be reliably maintained at or below the set temperature. . Thereby, the filling speed of the fuel gas can be increased and the filling can be performed in a short time. Further, since the temperature adjusting section 24 can cool the spring 23 using the refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant supply source to the temperature adjusting section 24 is supplied to the heat exchanger 4. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare the fuel supply device separately from the refrigerant supply source, and the configuration of the fuel filling device 1 can be simplified.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of an overfilling prevention valve that can be applied to the fuel filling device shown in FIG.
- the second embodiment is suitable for compressed natural gas or the like whose temperature is lowered by the Joule-Thomson effect.
- the fuel filling device 60 shown in FIG. 3 does not have the heat exchanger 4 and is overfilled. Except that the prevention valve 61 has the configuration shown in FIG. 4, it has the same configuration as the fuel filling device 1 of the first embodiment.
- the overfilling prevention valve 61 displaces the fuel gas flow path 21, the valve section 22 for opening and closing the fuel gas flow path 21 with the valve element 30, and the valve element 30 based on the fuel gas charging pressure. And a temperature adjusting section 62 for adjusting the temperature of the spring 23.
- the temperature adjuster 62 includes a temperature sensor 63 for detecting the temperature of the spring 23, a heater 64 for heating the spring 23, and a switch provided on an electric wire 65 for supplying power to the heater 64. And a control unit 67 for controlling power supply and stop to the heater 64 by operating the switch 66 based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 63.
- the temperature adjusting section 62 supplies power to the heater 64 by operating the switch 66 when the detected value of the temperature sensor 63 falls below a preset set temperature range. By controlling the switch 66 to stop the power supply to the heater 64 when the temperature reaches the temperature, the temperature of the spring 23 can be maintained in a predetermined set temperature range. can do.
- the overfilling prevention valve 20 includes the fuel gas flow path 21 and the valve portion 2 that opens and closes the fuel gas flow path 21 with the valve element 30. 2, a spring 23 for displacing the valve element 30 based on the filling pressure of the fuel gas, and a temperature adjusting unit 62 for adjusting the temperature of the spring 23.
- the temperature of the spring 23 is always maintained within a predetermined set temperature range, and the overfill prevention valve 20 operates reliably according to the set pressure. For this reason, inconveniences such as the overfilling prevention valve 20 operating at a pressure significantly deviating from the set pressure are prevented. Therefore, even in the case of fuel gas, such as compressed natural gas, whose temperature tends to decrease in the fuel filling device, it can be filled with the specified filling pressure.
- fuel gas such as compressed natural gas
- the temperature of the valve body displacement means can be reliably maintained within a predetermined set temperature range. This prevents inconveniences such as the overfilling prevention valve operating at a pressure significantly deviating from the set pressure.
- the fuel filling device 1 shown here measures a hydrogen gas supply path 3 that supplies hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage tank 2, a flow rate regulating valve V1 that regulates the supply amount of hydrogen gas, and a flow rate of hydrogen gas.
- the outer package 206 is made of a rigid material such as metal such as stainless steel or plastic such as acrylic resin. It is preferable that the outer casing 206 has an airtight structure, but it is not always necessary to have a strict airtight structure, and the inert gas vaporized in the heat exchanger 4 is exposed inside the outer casing 206. It is only necessary to prevent leakage more than the generated amount so that the pressure can be maintained.
- the hydrogen gas flow path 2 21 of the heat exchanger 4 is formed in a coil shape or provided with a heat radiating plate on the outer periphery so as to increase the heat exchange efficiency between the hydrogen gas and the liquid inert gas. It is preferable to configure.
- liquid inert gas a gas that is gaseous at room temperature, is chemically inert, and can prevent ignition or explosion of hydrogen gas by diluting hydrogen gas is used.
- liquid nitrogen, liquid argon and the like are exemplified, but liquid nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of price and supply stability.
- Reference numeral V3 is a check valve provided in the hydrogen gas supply path 14 of the hydrogen gas vehicle 12 so that the fuel in the fuel tank 13 can be prevented from leaking to the outside. .
- a liquid inert gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 4 to sufficiently lower the temperature of the heat exchanger 4 and to reduce the temperature of the liquid inert gas by vaporization.
- the generated inert gas is released into the exterior body 206, and the exterior body 206 is released.
- the air inside 6 is expelled, and the inside of the outer package 206 is made an inert gas atmosphere.
- the hydrogen gas that has passed through the flow control valve V 1 is introduced into the hydrogen gas flow path 222 of the heat exchanger 4.
- the liquid inert gas is introduced into the vessel 220 of the heat exchanger 4 by the liquid inert gas supply path 222, and this liquid inert gas is combined with the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas circulation path 222 and heat.
- the exchange cools the hydrogen gas.
- the hydrogen gas cooled by the heat exchanger 4 is charged into the fuel tank 13 through the shut-off valve V2, the communication pipe 11 and the hydrogen gas supply path 14.
- the liquid inert gas be supplied to the heat exchanger 4 from the liquid inert gas supply path 222 to the container 220 in accordance with the amount reduced by the vaporization. Accordingly, the amount of the liquid inert gas in the container 220 can be maintained at a predetermined value or more, and the pressure of the inert gas in the outer package 206 can be maintained at a predetermined value or more.
- the internal pressure of the exterior body 206 is maintained at a positive pressure.
- a detection signal corresponding to the detection value is sent to the control unit 225, and the detection signal is responded to the detection signal.
- the same control signal is sent to the exhaust valve 227, and the exhaust valve 227 is closed according to the control signal.
- the inert gas released from the heat exchanger 4 stays in the outer casing 206, and the internal pressure of the outer casing 206 can be increased.
- a detection signal corresponding to the detected value is sent to the control unit 225, and a control signal corresponding to the detected signal is output to the exhaust valve 227.
- the inert gas obtained by vaporizing the liquid inert gas by heat exchange with hydrogen gas can be discharged into the outer casing 206 of the fuel filling device 1. Therefore, the exterior body 206 can be kept in an inert gas atmosphere, and the concentration of hydrogen gas / oxygen gas in the exterior body 206 can be always kept low. Therefore, the explosion of hydrogen gas can be prevented.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the fuel filling device 230 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6 the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 5 indicate the same components as those in FIG. 5, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the heat exchanger 4 is connected to a supply path 222 and a discharge path 231 of the liquid inert gas. Also, piping from the liquid inert gas discharge path 2 3 1
- An evaporator 2 33 is connected to the pipe 2 32, and the evaporator 2 33 has an inert gas discharge path provided with a discharge valve 2 3 4. 2 3 5 is connected.
- the evaporator 233 increases the contact area with the gas inside the outer casing 206 by means of a radiator plate, etc. It is a device that warms and vaporizes the active gas. Then, the inert gas vaporized by the evaporator 233 is released into the exterior body 206 through the inert gas discharge path 235.
- the discharge valve 234 has a predetermined opening so that the discharge amount of the liquid inert gas from the evaporator 233 can be adjusted.
- the evaporator 233 for example, one that constantly evaporates a fixed amount of liquid inert gas and discharges the obtained inert gas into the outer package 206 may be used.
- the liquid inert gas is controlled to be vaporized in an amount corresponding to the decrease in the internal pressure. Is also good.
- the evaporator 23 3 and the exhaust valve 227 are linked so that the amount of inert gas vaporized by the evaporator 233 and the amount of inert gas discharged from the exhaust valve 227 are balanced. Can also be controlled.
- the inert gas obtained by vaporizing the liquid inert gas by heat exchange with hydrogen gas is obtained. Since the gas is released into the outer casing 206, the outer casing 206 is maintained in an inert gas atmosphere, and the fuel filling device 230 has an internal pressure explosion-proof structure. it can. Therefore, an inexpensive and safe fuel filling device 230 can be realized with a relatively simple structure.
- the supply amount of the liquid inert gas from the liquid inert gas supply path 222 to the heat exchanger 4 is increased, and excess liquid inert gas is discharged through the liquid inert gas discharge path 231. Therefore, the flow rate of the liquid inert gas in the heat exchanger 4 can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency between the liquid inert gas and the hydrogen gas can be improved. Therefore, the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger 4 can be improved.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the fuel filling device 240.
- the same reference numerals as those used in FIGS. 5 and 6 mean that they are the same as those in FIGS. 5 and 6, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the heat exchanger 2241 includes a first heat exchange section 242 for cooling hydrogen gas with the intermediate medium M, and a second heat exchange section for cooling the intermediate medium M with the liquid inert gas. And 2 heat exchange sections 2 4 3.
- the first heat exchange section 242 includes a first container 242a for storing the intermediate medium M, and a hydrogen gas flow path 242b provided in the first container 242a. .
- the hydrogen gas flow path 2 42 b is connected to the hydrogen gas supply path 3.
- the second heat exchange section 243 includes a second container 243 a for storing the intermediate medium M, and a liquid inert gas flow path 243 provided in the second container 243 a. Is provided.
- the liquid inert gas flow path 2 43 b is connected to the liquid inert gas supply path 222 and the liquid inert gas discharge path 23 1.
- the first container 242a and the second container 243a are airtightly provided to the outside.
- the intermediate medium M a fluid that is liquefied by cooling with a liquid inert gas and that does not solidify is desirable.
- a liquid inert gas for example, methanol, dichloromethane, florinate, or the like can be used.
- the intermediate medium M is placed in a vapor-liquid equilibrium in the first container 242a and the second container 243a.
- the upper part of the first container 242 a and the lower part of the second container 243 a are connected by a first communication path 244. Further, the upper part of the second container 243 a and the upper part of the first container 242 a are connected by a second communication path 245.
- the heat exchanger 24 1 introduces the liquid intermediate medium M in the second container 24 43 a into the first container 24 42 a through the first communication path 24 44, Through the second communication path 245, the gaseous intermediate medium M in the first container 242a can be introduced into the second container 243a.
- the intermediate medium M in the heat exchanger 241 passes between the first vessel 2424a and the second vessel 2443a via the first and second communication paths 2444 and 2445. Circulating You.
- the intermediate medium M is cooled by the liquid inert gas flowing through the liquid inert gas circulation path 2443 b in the second container 2443 a, and is cooled through the first communication path 2444. It moves to the first container 242 a, where the hydrogen gas flowing in the hydrogen gas flow path 242 b is cooled.
- the intermediate medium M vaporized by the heat obtained from the hydrogen gas moves through the second communication path 245 to the second container 243a, where it flows through the liquid inert gas flow path 243b. Recooled by liquid inert gas and liquefied again.
- This heat exchanger 24 1 is provided with a pressure indicating controller 24 6 for measuring the pressure of the gas phase of the intermediate medium M.
- the pressure indicating controller 24 6 When the medium M is vaporized and the pressure of the gaseous phase of the intermediate medium M exceeds a specified value, the control valve 247 provided in the liquid inert gas supply path 222 is opened, and the gaseous phase of the intermediate medium M is opened. When the pressure falls below a specified value, the control valve 247 is controlled to close. Thus, when the pressure of the gas phase of the intermediate medium M becomes equal to or higher than the specified value, the liquid inert gas is caused to flow through the liquid inert gas flow path 2 43 b to cool the intermediate medium M and reduce the pressure of the gas phase. Lower. When the pressure of the gas phase of the intermediate medium M becomes lower than the specified value, the regulating valve 247 is closed to stop the flow of the liquid inert gas, and the cooling of the intermediate medium M is stopped.
- the pressure of the gas phase of the intermediate medium M can be maintained within a predetermined range. That is, the temperature of the intermediate medium M under the gas-liquid equilibrium can be maintained within the predetermined range.
- a liquid inert gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 241 containing the intermediate medium M, and the intermediate medium M is cooled by the liquid inert gas. Since the temperature can be adjusted within a predetermined range and the hydrogen gas can be cooled using the intermediate medium M, the cooling temperature of the hydrogen gas can be adjusted with high accuracy.
- the heat exchanger 4 is installed in the exterior body 206.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat exchanger 4 can be installed outside the exterior body 206. In this case, the same effect can be obtained by introducing the inert gas vaporized by the heat exchange into the outer casing 206.
- an oxygen concentration meter or a hydrogen concentration meter may be attached to the exterior body 206 to monitor the concentration of oxygen or hydrogen in the exterior body 206.
- the flow rate of the liquid inert gas supply path 222, the amount of vaporization of the evaporator 233, the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 227, etc. If the supply amount of the liquid inert gas is increased before the concentration of hydrogen or hydrogen is increased, and oxygen and hydrogen are diluted and discharged with the inert gas, safety can be further improved.
- FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- the fuel filling device 1 shown here supplies a supply path 3 for supplying hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage tank 2, a flow control valve V1 for adjusting the supply amount of hydrogen gas, and measures and integrates the flow rate of hydrogen gas. It is provided with an integrating flow meter F "I, a shut-off valve V2 provided in the supply path 3, and a heat exchanger 4 (cooling means) for cooling hydrogen gas.
- the supply path 3 on the primary side (upstream side in the hydrogen gas flow direction) and the secondary side (downstream side) of the flow control valve V1 has first and second thermometers 16 and 1 for detecting hydrogen gas temperature, respectively. Is provided.
- the supply path 3 on the secondary side of the heat exchanger 4 has a filling gas thermometer 18 (filling gas temperature detecting means) that detects the temperature of the charged hydrogen gas, and detects the pressure of the charged hydrogen gas.
- Pressure gauge 19 pressure detecting means.
- the heat exchanger 4 is provided with a hydrogen gas flow pipe 4 a through which hydrogen gas flows, and the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas flow pipe 4 a can be cooled using a refrigerant.
- a chiller using ethylene glycol as a refrigerant can be used.
- a circulation path for circulating the refrigerant is connected to the heat exchanger 4.
- a plate-fin type heat exchanger using air as a refrigerant may be used.
- hydrogen gas is directly cooled by a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen or chlorofluorocarbon, or a heat exchanger that cools another refrigerant with liquid nitrogen or chlorofluorocarbon and cools the hydrogen gas with the refrigerant is used. You may.
- these components do not necessarily need to be housed in the fuel filling device.
- the flow control valve is placed separately near the hydrogen gas storage tank 2, the hydrogen gas whose temperature has increased through the flow control valve However, the air is cooled before reaching the heat exchanger, and the cooling energy in the heat exchanger can be saved.
- the other end of the communication pipe 11 can be connected to a supply path 14 in the hydrogen vehicle 12 via a coupler (not shown).
- Reference numeral V3 is a check valve provided in the supply path 14 of the hydrogen vehicle 12 so as to prevent the fuel in the fuel tank 13 from leaking to the outside.
- the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the hydrogen vehicle 12 that has visited the fuel filling device 1 for fuel filling.
- shutoff valve V2 is opened, and hydrogen gas from the storage tank 2 is introduced into the supply path 3.
- the supply flow rate of this hydrogen gas can be adjusted to an appropriate value by the flow control valve V1.
- the hydrogen gas is cooled by the refrigerant.
- the hydrogen gas is cooled by ethylene glycol as a refrigerant.
- the hydrogen gas cooled by the heat exchanger 4 is filled into the fuel tank 13 through the communication pipe 11 and the supply path 14.
- the temperature control of the fuel tank 13 is easier than the conventional filling method of measuring the temperature of the fuel tank during the filling operation. Therefore, fuel can be charged by simple operation.
- FIG. 9 shows a seventh embodiment of the fuel filling device of the present invention.
- the control means 15 is provided with a storage section 3 22 in which a temperature history data base 3 2 1 is stored, and a hydrogen gas supply by adjusting the opening of the flow control valve V 1. It has a control section 322 for controlling the flow rate, a display section 324 for displaying the detected value and the calculation result, and an input section 325 for inputting the set value and the like.
- the temperature history database 3 2 1 contains the temperature T 1 in the fuel tank 13 before filling (temperature in the tank before filling), the temperature T 2 (filling gas temperature) of the hydrogen gas filling the fuel tank 13 and And the data indicating the relationship between the opening speed ⁇ of the flow control valve V1 and the temperature in the fuel tank at the time of filling.
- the temperature history database 3 21 sets the pre-filling tank temperature ⁇ 1, the filling gas temperature ⁇ 2, and the opening speed ⁇ of the flow control valve V1 to predetermined values, respectively, and actually sets This includes the result of conducting a fuel filling test to the fuel tank and examining the temperature change in the fuel tank at that time.
- the pressure in the tank becomes zero to the design pressure (for example, 35 ⁇ a).
- the fuel tank it is preferable to use a fuel tank having a capacity of 150 liters, which is normally used for hydrogen vehicles.
- the temperature history database 3 21 can be arbitrarily input and updated using input means such as a keypad.
- the tank temperature before filling T 1 is the temperature inside the fuel tank 13 before filling with fuel.
- the temperature T 1 in the tank before filling is usually the environment in which the hydrogen vehicle 12 runs. It is considered to be affected by the temperature in.
- the temperature of the environment in which the hydrogen vehicle 12 can be used is assumed to be in the range of 140 to 50 ° C
- the temperature T 1 in the tank before filling is also in the range of 40 to 50 ° C. It can be considered that
- the filling gas temperature T 2 is the temperature of the hydrogen gas filling the fuel tank 13, and can be determined according to the cooling capacity and setting of the heat exchanger 4.
- the filling gas temperature T2 has a lower limit of the minimum cooling temperature of 120 ° C and an upper limit of the upper limit. Can be assumed in the range of 10 ° C.
- the opening speed ⁇ of the flow control valve V 1 indicates how much the opening degree is increased within a predetermined time based on the pressure of the storage tank 2.
- a predetermined period of time causes the opening to close from a closed state (zero opening).
- the distance that the spindle has moved in the direction to increase the opening can be defined as the opening speed ⁇ .
- the travel distance of the spindle can be expressed as a percentage of the total travel distance of the spindle.
- a spindle moving distance (%) per 30 seconds can be cited.
- the opening degree of the flow control valve can be used instead of the opening speed of the flow control valve.
- the “opening degree of the flow control valve” in the present invention may be an opening speed that is a speed for increasing the opening degree, or may be the opening degree itself.
- the number of the storage tanks 2 may be plural, and the present invention can be applied to a method of sequentially switching from a low-pressure storage tank to a high-pressure side and filling.
- FIGS. 9 to 12 a seventh embodiment of the fuel filling method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12 by taking as an example the case where the fuel filling device 10 is used.
- control unit 3 23 performs the following arithmetic processing (1) to (3) to determine the opening speed ⁇ of the flow control valve V1.
- the temperature at the time when hydrogen gas is charged into the hydrogen vehicle 12 is predicted from the past temperature data in the temperature history data base 3 2 1.
- the temperature at the time of filling may be measured directly using a thermometer (temperature detection means).
- a detection signal based on the detection value may be input to the control unit 3223.
- the temperature in the tank before filling ⁇ 1 is considered to be affected by the temperature in the environment in which the hydrogen vehicle 12 runs, the temperature in the tank before filling ⁇ 1 should be predicted based on the above predicted or measured temperature. Can be. For example, the tank temperature before filling ⁇ 1 can be considered to be almost the same as the above temperature.
- the pre-filling tank internal temperature T 1 is predicted to be 20 ° C out of the nine assumed temperatures.
- the predicted temperature at the time of filling does not correspond to any of the nine assumed temperatures
- the value closest to the predicted value from the nine assumed temperatures (preferably higher and more than the expected value) (Close value) and set this as the tank temperature T 1 before filling.
- the data may be complemented based on the data on the assumed temperature before and after the predicted value, and the temperature in the tank before filling may be determined based on the complemented data.
- the temperature of the hydrogen gas filling the fuel tank 13 is determined based on the settings of the heat exchanger 4 and the like.
- the temperature of the hydrogen gas to be charged is assumed to be 5 steps at 5 ° C in the range of 110 to 10 ° C according to the setting of the heat exchanger 4. .
- This example relates to a case where the heat exchanger 4 is fully operated, and the filling gas temperature T 2 is set at 110 ° C. which is the lowest cooling temperature among the five stages of temperatures. If the temperature of the actually charged hydrogen gas (actual filling temperature) does not correspond to any of the above five levels, the value closest to the actual filling temperature (preferably Should be higher than the actual filling temperature and the closest value), and this should be used as the filling gas temperature T2. Further, the data may be complemented based on data on the assumed temperature before and after the actual filling temperature, and the filling gas temperature T2 may be determined based on the complemented data.
- the opening speed ⁇ is assumed to have the following three stages.
- the opening speed ⁇ is represented by the distance that the spindle has moved in a direction of increasing the opening from a state in which the opening of the flow control valve V1 is closed (opening opening) in 30 seconds.
- the spindle travel distance is expressed as a percentage of the total travel distance of the spindle.
- Fig. 12 shows that the temperature in the tank before filling 2 1 is 20 ° C and the filling gas temperature T 2 is 110 ° C.
- 5 shows a change over time in the temperature in the fuel tank 13 during filling.
- the design temperature of the fuel tank 13 is set to 85 ° C, so the temperature in the tank must be 85 ° C or less.
- the above (1) to (3) are performed, and when the opening speed ⁇ 2 of the flow regulating valve V1 is selected, a control signal corresponding to the opening speed ⁇ 2 is sent to the flow regulating valve V1. Sent out. In the flow control valve V1, based on this control signal, the opening increases at the opening speed ⁇ 2.
- the temperature in the fuel tank 13 at the time of filling shows a temporal change close to that shown in Fig. 12 (b), the temperature in the tank is kept below the design temperature.
- the temperature change data shown in Fig. 12 (a) to Fig. 12 (c) are based on the assumption that the tank pressure at the start of filling is zero.
- the hydrogen vehicle 12 that visits the fuel filling device 10 for fuel filling has a non-zero amount of hydrogen gas in the fuel tank 13 and the hydrogen gas remains in the fuel tank 13.
- the amount of fuel that can be newly charged is smaller than when the pressure in the tank at the start of filling is zero, so that the temperature rise at the time of filling can be kept low.
- the filling pressure relative to the design pressure of the tank 13 is less than 100% (for example, if the filling amount is 50%)
- the following filling method is used. A method is possible.
- the hydrogen gas pressure (filling start pressure) at the start of hydrogen gas filling is almost equal to the pressure in the fuel tank 13 (residual gas pressure), and this pressure must be detected by the pressure gauge 9. Can be.
- This filling method selects either ⁇ rapid filling '' for the purpose of shortening the filling time as much as possible or ⁇ mass filling '' for the purpose of keeping the tank temperature low and increasing the filling amount. it can.
- the opening of the flow control valve V1 is always the largest. May be selected.
- a relatively low opening speed ⁇ is selected instead of the highest opening speed ⁇ within a range not exceeding the design temperature.
- the temperature in the tank before filling is 20 ° C and the temperature T 2 of the filling gas is -10 ° C, the temperature in the tank becomes the design temperature.
- ⁇ 3 which is a relatively small opening speed of the flow control valve V1.
- the time required for filling is longer than in rapid filling, but the filling speed is lower, so that the tank temperature can be kept low.
- Rapid filling is preferably used when the amount of residual hydrogen gas in the tank is large and the amount of hydrogen gas to be filled is small. This is because when the filling amount is small, the temperature rise in the tank becomes small even if the filling speed is high.
- Filling is preferably used when the amount of residual hydrogen gas in the tank is small and the amount of hydrogen gas to be filled is large. If the filling volume is large, the temperature in the tank This is because it is easy to rise.
- the choice between rapid filling and full filling may be made by the user (the user of the automatic hydrogen storage system 12) or by the employee (the operator of the fuel filling device 1). Also, during busy periods when there are many users, it is preferable to select rapid filling to shorten the filling time per user. As a result, the number of users can be increased.
- the filling method of the above embodiment the data indicating the relationship between the tank temperature before filling T1, the filling gas temperature T2, the opening speed ⁇ of the flow control valve V1, and the tank temperature during filling is used.
- the opening speed ⁇ is selected and the opening speed ⁇ is selected based on this.
- the filling method of the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to obtain the tank temperature at the time of filling based on a calculation formula obtained from these data. It is possible.
- the flow control valve can be provided on the secondary side of the heat exchanger. In this case, the effect of suppressing the temperature is reduced, but the effect of controlling the temperature of the hydrogen gas and adjusting the flow rate can be obtained as in the method of the above embodiment.
- the fuel filling device of the present invention includes a fuel gas flow path, a valve section that opens and closes the fuel gas flow path by a valve element, and a fuel gas filling method.
- An overfilling prevention valve including a valve body displacing means for displacing the valve body based on pressure and a temperature adjusting unit for adjusting the temperature of the valve body displacing means is provided. Even when there is a large difference from the operating temperature of the filling prevention valve, the temperature of the valve body displacement means is maintained in the set temperature range by the temperature adjustment unit. Therefore, the overfill prevention valve operates reliably according to the set pressure. This is particularly effective when filling is performed continuously.
- the temperature adjustment unit can cool the valve body displacement unit using a refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger. This makes it easier to supply the refrigerant to the temperature adjustment unit.
- the hydrogen gas is cooled and then charged into the fuel tank of the vehicle. be able to. This suppresses a rapid rise in the temperature of the hydrogen gas and allows the hydrogen gas to be rapidly filled.
- a heat exchanger for cooling the hydrogen gas using the liquid inert gas as a refrigerant is provided.
- the heat exchanger is an inert gas obtained by vaporizing the liquid inert gas by heat exchange with the hydrogen gas. Can be used to discharge the fuel into the fuel-filling device.
- the hydrogen gas can be cooled by a liquid inert gas such as liquid nitrogen and then charged into the fuel tank of the vehicle. This suppresses a rapid rise in the temperature of the hydrogen gas and allows the hydrogen gas to be quickly filled.
- a liquid inert gas such as liquid nitrogen
- the inside of the fuel filling device is set to an inert gas atmosphere, and the explosion of the hydrogen gas can be prevented.
- Configuration, safe for rapid filling of hydrogen gas The explosion-proof structure of the fuel filling device can be made simpler, and the size and price of the fuel filling device can be reduced.
- the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section for cooling hydrogen gas with an intermediate medium.
- a second heat exchange section that cools the intermediate medium with the liquid inert gas, so that the liquid inert gas is supplied to the second heat exchange section containing the intermediate medium. Since the intermediate medium is cooled by the active gas to control the temperature to a constant temperature, and the intermediate medium can be used to cool the hydrogen gas, the cooling temperature of the hydrogen gas can be accurately controlled.
- the fuel filling apparatus of the present invention includes a heat exchanger for cooling hydrogen gas, so that low-temperature hydrogen gas is filled in the fuel tank. Can be.
- the temperature of the fuel tank can be reliably maintained below the set temperature.
- the fuel tank temperature can be easily controlled, so that the fuel can be filled with a simple operation.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03807908A EP1593905A2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | Apparatus and method for filling a fuel tank with a compressed gas like hydrogen by controlling flow and temperatrure |
AU2003266493A AU2003266493A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | Apparatus and method for filling a fuel tank with a compressed gas like hydrogen by controlling flow and temperature |
US10/529,130 US7406987B2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | Apparatus and method for filling fuel |
CA002493502A CA2493502A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | Apparatus and method for filling fuel |
DE03807908T DE03807908T1 (de) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum füllen eines kraftstofftanks mit einem druckgas wie wasserstoff durch steuerung von strom und temperatur |
JP2005501000A JPWO2004033955A1 (ja) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | 燃料充てん装置および方法 |
US12/054,273 US20080289720A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2008-03-24 | Apparatus and method for filling fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002-279230 | 2002-09-25 | ||
JP2002279230A JP2004116619A (ja) | 2002-09-25 | 2002-09-25 | 燃料充てん装置および方法 |
JP2002291341A JP2004125087A (ja) | 2002-10-03 | 2002-10-03 | 燃料充てん装置 |
JP2002-291341 | 2002-10-03 | ||
JP2002295151A JP2004132401A (ja) | 2002-10-08 | 2002-10-08 | 燃料充てん装置 |
JP2002-295151 | 2002-10-08 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/054,273 Continuation US20080289720A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2008-03-24 | Apparatus and method for filling fuel |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004033955A1 WO2004033955A1 (ja) | 2004-04-22 |
WO2004033955A2 true WO2004033955A2 (ja) | 2004-04-22 |
WO2004033955A3 WO2004033955A3 (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2003/004131 WO2004033955A2 (ja) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-09-24 | 流量や温度調整による水素ガスなどの圧縮ガスで燃料タンクを充填する燃料充填装置および方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7406987B2 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP2063166A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004033955A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050058416A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1675494A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003266493A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2493502A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE03807908T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004033955A2 (ja) |
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JP2018507995A (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2018-03-22 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | タンクに加圧ガスを充填する方法 |
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JP4753696B2 (ja) | 2005-11-29 | 2011-08-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 水素充填装置 |
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JP2008267496A (ja) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-11-06 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp | 水素ガス冷却装置 |
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- 2003-09-24 KR KR1020057002933A patent/KR20050058416A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-09-24 US US10/529,130 patent/US7406987B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-24 CN CNA038195712A patent/CN1675494A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
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US20080289720A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
CN1675494A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
JPWO2004033955A1 (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
KR20050058416A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
AU2003266493A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP1593905A2 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
EP2072884A1 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
US7406987B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 |
CA2493502A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
WO2004033955A3 (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
US20060016512A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
DE03807908T1 (de) | 2006-06-22 |
AU2003266493A8 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP2063166A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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