WO2004033527A1 - 脂肪族ポリエステルの製造方法 - Google Patents
脂肪族ポリエステルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004033527A1 WO2004033527A1 PCT/JP2003/012881 JP0312881W WO2004033527A1 WO 2004033527 A1 WO2004033527 A1 WO 2004033527A1 JP 0312881 W JP0312881 W JP 0312881W WO 2004033527 A1 WO2004033527 A1 WO 2004033527A1
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- cyclic ester
- water
- proton concentration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- C08G63/08—Lactones or lactides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an aliphatic polyester such as polyglycolic acid by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester such as dalicolide. More specifically, a purified cyclic ester is used as a starting material, and water is added to the cyclic ester. And adjusting the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester to control at least one of the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and yellowness of the aliphatic polyester.
- Aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolic acid and polylactic acid are attracting attention as biodegradable polymer materials that have low environmental impact because they are degraded by microorganisms or enzymes that exist in nature such as soil and the sea. . Aliphatic polyesters are also used as medical polymer materials such as surgical sutures and artificial skin because of their biodegradability and absorbability.
- polydalicholic acid has excellent gas barrier properties, such as oxygen gas barrier properties, carbon dioxide gas barrier properties, and water vapor barrier properties, and also has excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength. Or, composite applications with other resin materials, etc. are being developed for applications.
- Aliphatic polyesters can be synthesized, for example, by the dehydration polycondensation of ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acids such as glycolic acid / lactic acid.
- ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acids such as glycolic acid / lactic acid.
- a method has been adopted in which a bimolecular cyclic ester of ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid is synthesized, and the cyclic ester is subjected to ring-opening polymerization.
- ring-opening polymerization of glycolide, a bimolecular cyclic ester of glycolic acid And polyglycolic acid is obtained.
- Ring-opening polymerization of lactide, a bimolecular cyclic ester of lactic acid yields polylactic acid.
- Cyclic esters generally contain impurities such as free carboxylic acid compounds such as ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid and linear ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid oligomer used as raw materials, and water. Since impurities such as water have an adverse effect on the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters, it has been proposed to use cyclic esters from which impurities have been removed during ring-opening polymerization.
- alcohols such as higher alcohols have been used as molecular weight regulators in the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters (for example, US Pat. No. 3,442,8). 7 No. 1).
- cyclic esters contain impurities such as water, ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid and low molecular weight oligomers, which act as initiators, chain transfer agents, catalyst deactivators, etc. It is pointed out that these impurities should be removed because they inhibit ring polymerization.
- a method for producing an aliphatic polyester by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester having a water content of 80 ppm or less and an acid value of 0.10 mg KOH / g or less has been proposed (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. — 1 5 8 3 7 1 publication).
- This document states that reducing the amount of water in the cyclic ester increases the rate of polymerization, resulting in a polymer of high molecular weight.Also, the presence of alcohol in the polymerization system suppresses the effect of water. It is described that a high quality aliphatic polyester can be produced.
- a method for producing an aliphatic polyester by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester wherein the amount of the hydroxyl compound to be added to the reaction system is determined based on the amount of the free carboxylic acid compound contained in the cyclic ester.
- a manufacturing method has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent No. 3075665). This reference discloses, as a free carboxylic acid compound, "-hydroxycarboxylic acid or a linear monohydroxycarboxylic acid oligomer used in the production of a cyclic ester. It is stated that 12 to 18 monovalent linear saturated aliphatic alcohols are preferred.
- the document states that if a cyclic ester contains impurities such as water and a free carboxylic acid compound, the polymerization reaction is adversely affected, and a polymer having a target molecular weight is produced even under the same polymerization conditions. It has been pointed out that targeting is not possible. According to the literature, it is difficult to control the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester when the water content is high.Therefore, in order to control the molecular weight with high precision, the water content in the cyclic ester is reduced to 100 ppm or less. It is stated that it is preferable to do so.
- a cyclic ester from which impurities such as water and a free carboxylic acid compound have been removed is used, and alcohols, especially high-grade compounds, are used as molecular weight regulators.
- alcohols especially high-grade compounds
- technology for producing cyclic esters such as glycolide with high purity has been developed, and it has become relatively easy to produce and obtain cyclic esters having a low content of impurities such as moisture.
- aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolic acid are produced on an industrial scale, problems associated with the use of higher alcohols as molecular weight regulators are expected to become apparent.
- Alcohols are used as molecular weight regulators because their hydroxyl groups contribute to molecular weight regulation. Among them, higher alcohols are widely used. The reason is that the higher alcohol has a low hydroxyl group concentration, so that the measurement error is small and there is an advantage in the polymerization preparation operation. For example, when an aliphatic polyester such as polydalicholic acid is produced on a small scale, the amount of alcohol used as a molecular weight regulator is extremely small, but as the molecular weight of alcohol increases, the amount used increases. The weighing accuracy and handling are improved. In addition, higher alcohols have a boiling point higher than the ring-opening polymerization temperature, and stable polymerization operations can be expected.
- lauryl alcohol also called “dodecanol” or “dodecyl alcohol”
- dodecyl alcohol are expensive and viscous, so they can be introduced into the polymerization reaction system (eg, syringes). There was a problem that it was easily left in ⁇ and the mouth was large. Furthermore, when higher alcohols are used for the production of aliphatic polyesters on an industrial scale, (1) the amount of use is increased, and (2) higher alcohols are stored or introduced into a polymerization apparatus.
- the tanks and measuring devices used temporarily must be large-sized, (3) Since flammable, safety measures must be taken for the devices used, and (4) Cleaning the devices after using the devices There are many problems that lead to an increase in the production cost of aliphatic polyester, such as the necessity of (5) the necessity of treating the cleaning liquid used for cleaning the equipment.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aliphatic polyester such as polyglycolic acid by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester such as glycolide, and using water as a molecular weight modifier to improve physical properties such as melt viscosity and molecular weight.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel manufacturing method that can be controlled accurately. The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that in a method for producing an aliphatic polyester by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester, the water content is as high as 60 ppm (weight basis) or less.
- the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and yellowness of the aliphatic polyester are adjusted. It has been found that at least one physical property can be controlled.
- the yellowness (Y I) is reduced in a range where the melt viscosity and the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester are low, so that a polymer with suppressed coloring can be obtained.
- the present invention has been completed based on these findings.
- a method for producing an aliphatic polyester by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester water is added to a purified cyclic ester having a water content of 60 ppm or less, and By adjusting the proton concentration, there is provided a method for producing an aliphatic polyester, characterized by controlling at least one physical property among the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and yellowness of the aliphatic polyester.
- a bimolecular cyclic ester of ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid, ratatone, and other cyclic compounds having an ester structure are preferable.
- the ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid that forms a bimolecular cyclic ester include glycolic acid, L- and D-lactic acid, ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, ⁇ -hydroxyisobutyric acid, ⁇ -hydroxyvaleric acid, ⁇ -hydroxyvaleric acid, and ⁇ -hydroxyvaleric acid.
- lactone examples include] 3-propiolactone,] 3-butyrolactone, pipalolataton, y -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerololataton, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -valerolorataton, and ⁇ -force prolataton.
- Examples of other cyclic compounds having an ester structure include dioxanone.
- the cyclic ester having an asymmetric carbon may be any of a D-form, an L-form, and a racemic form. These cyclic esters can be used alone or in combination of two or more. If two or more cyclic esters are used, any aliphatic copolyester can be obtained.
- the cyclic ester can be copolymerized with other copolymerizable comonomers, if desired. Examples of other comonomers include cyclic monomers such as trimethylene carbonate and 1,3-dioxane.
- glycolide which is a bimolecular cyclic ester of dalicholic acid, L- and / or D-lactide which is a bimolecular cyclic ester of L- and D-lactic acid, and a mixture thereof are preferable. And glycolide are more preferred.
- Glycolide can be used alone, but it can be used in combination with other cyclic monomers.
- a glycolic acid copolymer (copolyester) can also be produced.
- the copolymerization ratio of glycolide is preferably 60% by weight, more preferably 70% by weight or more, from the viewpoints of physical properties such as crystallinity and gasparity of the resulting copolyester. It is particularly desirable that the content be 80% by weight or more.
- the cyclic monomer to be copolymerized with glycolide lactide, ⁇ -proprolactone, dioxanone, and trimethylene carbonate are preferable.
- glycolide can be obtained by a method of depolymerizing a dalicholic acid oligomer.
- a method for depolymerizing glycolic acid oligomer include a melt depolymerization method described in US Pat. No. 2,668,162, a solid phase depolymerization method described in JP-A-2000-119269, and JP-A-Hei.
- the solution phase depolymerization method described in JP-A-9-328481 and WO 02 / 14303A1 can be used.
- Glycolide obtained as a cyclic condensate of acetoacetate reported in K. Chujo, et al., In Die Makromolekulekleche Chem, 100 (1967), 262-266, can also be used.
- a solution phase depolymerization method is preferable among the above depolymerization methods.
- a mixture containing glycolic acid oligomer and at least one kind of high-boiling polar organic solvent having a boiling point in the range of 230 to 450 ° C is subjected to atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure.
- Dimer cyclic ester that is, glycolide
- formed is distilled off together with a high boiling point polar organic solvent. Recover the glycolide from the product.
- high-boiling polar organic solvents examples include di (2-methoxyethyl) phthalate and other phthalates / bis (alekoxyazoleki restenolates), diethylene glycol / resin benzoates and other anorexylene glyco-1-resibenzoates, penzinolebutinorefs
- Aromatic carboxylic acid esters such as tallate dibutyl phthalate, tricresylpho
- aromatic phosphate esters such as sulphate and polyalkylene glycol ethers such as polyethylene dialkyl ether.
- the oligomer is usually used in a ratio of 0.3 to 50 times (weight ratio) with respect to the oligomer. .
- polypropylene dalicol polyethylene glycol, tetraethylene dalicol, or the like can be used as a solubilizing agent for the oligomer together with the high boiling point polar organic solvent.
- the depolymerization temperature of the glycolic acid oligomer is usually 230 ° C or higher, and preferably 230 to 320 ° C.
- the depolymerization is carried out under normal pressure or reduced pressure. It is preferable to depolymerize by heating under reduced pressure of i 0.1 to 90.0 kPa (l to 900 mbar).
- cyclic ester a purified cyclic ester having a water content of 60 ppm (weight basis) or less, preferably 50 ppm or less, more preferably 40 ppm or less is used. If the water content in the cyclic ester of the starting material is too high, even if water is added as a molecular weight regulator, the range of the melt viscosity and molecular weight of the polymer that can be controlled is suppressed.
- the content of the hydroxycarboxylic acid compound contained as an impurity in the cyclic ester is preferably as low as possible.
- the content of ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid in the cyclic ester is preferably at most 200 ppm (by weight), more preferably at most 150 ppm, further preferably at most 130 ppm, particularly preferably at most 100 ppm.
- the cyclic ester usually contains a linear ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid oligomer. Most of this oligomer is a linear ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid dimer.
- the content of the linear ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid oligomer in the cyclic ester is preferably not more than 2,000 ppm, more preferably not more than 1,500 ppm, further preferably not more than 1,200 ppm, particularly preferably not more than 1,200 ppm. , 000 ppm or less.
- Cyclic esters such as glycolide and lactide undergo hydrolysis and polymerization reactions during storage due to trace amounts of water contained as impurities, resulting in ⁇ -hydroxyl.
- the contents of boric acid and linear ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid oligomers tend to increase. Therefore, the cyclic ester immediately after purification has a water content of 50 ppm or less, an ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid content of 100 ppm or less, and a linear ⁇ -hydroxycarbonic acid oligomer content of 1,000 ppm. It is desirable that:
- the purification of the cyclic ester can be performed by a combination of recrystallization treatment and drying treatment of the crude cyclic ester according to a conventional method.
- This ring-opening polymerization method is substantially a ring-opening polymerization method using bulk.
- the ring-opening polymerization is carried out in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature usually in the range of 100 to 270 ° C, preferably 120 to 260 ° C.
- the catalyst is not particularly limited as long as it is used as a ring-opening polymerization catalyst for various cyclic esters.
- a catalyst include, for example, tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), anorenium (Al), antimony (Sb), zirconium (Zr), and zinc (Zn).
- examples thereof include oxides, chlorides, carboxylate salts, and alkoxides of metal compounds.
- preferred catalysts include, for example, tin halides (eg, tin dichloride, tin tetrachloride, etc.), and organic tin carboxylates (eg, tin octanoate such as tin 2-ethylhexanoate).
- Tin compounds titanium compounds such as alkoxytitanate; aluminum compounds such as alkoxyaluminum; zirconium compounds such as dinoleconidumacetinoleacetone; antimony halide; and the like, but are not limited thereto. Not something.
- the amount of catalyst generally may be the small amount of the cyclic ester, based on the cyclic ester, usually from 0.0001 to 0.5 wt 0/0, preferably from 0.001 to 0.1 wt. / 0 is selected from the range.
- water contained as an impurity in the cyclic ester Prior to ring-opening polymerization, water contained as an impurity in the cyclic ester The content of the separated hydroxycarboxylic acid compound is measured, and the total amount of protons of the impurities is calculated based on each content.
- the water content in the cyclic ester is measured using a Karl Fischer moisture meter.
- ⁇ -Hydroxycarboxylic acid and linear hydroxycarponic acid contained in the cyclic ester are quantified by gas chromatography analysis after converting each hydroxyl group into an alkyl ester group.
- the total proton concentration of impurities contained in the cyclic ester is calculated based on the total amount of the hydroxycarboxylic acid compound and water contained as impurities in the cyclic ester.
- impurities for example, in the case of glycolide, a trace amount of water and a hydroxycarboxylic acid compound composed of glyconoleic acid and a linear glycolic acid oligomer are contained as impurities.
- Most of the linear dalicholate oligomers contained in purified dalicholide are glycolic acid dimers.
- lactide water, lactic acid, and linear lactic acid oligomers are contained as impurities.
- the proton concentration (mol%) based on these hydroxycarboxylic acid compounds is calculated based on the respective contents, molecular weights, and the number of hydroxyl groups (usually one).
- Proton concentration of water (mol. / 0) is calculated on the basis of the content and the molecular weight of moisture.
- the proton concentration is calculated as mol% based on the total amount of cyclic ester and impurities.
- All pro ton concentrations of impurities contained in the cyclic ester is preferably 0. 0 1 to 0.5 mole 0/0, more preferably 0. 0 2 to 0.4 mole 0/0, and particularly preferably 0. 0.3 to 0.35 mol%.
- the total proton concentration of impurities has a limit in reducing the amount of hydroxycarboxylate by purification, and it is difficult to extremely reduce the concentration. If the total proton concentration of impurities is too high, it is difficult to accurately control the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and the like by using water-added mash.
- water is added to a purified cyclic ester having a water content of 60 pm or less to adjust the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, so that the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and yellow color of the aliphatic polyester to be produced are adjusted. Control at least one of the physical properties of the degree.
- all the protons in the cyclic ester Preferably the concentration of 0. 0 9 mole 0/0 exceed 2. Less than 0 mol%, and more preferably adjusted to 0.1 to 1. In the range of 0 mol%.
- the melt viscosity is a physical property required for setting molding conditions of an aliphatic polyester, and is also used for predicting a mechanical strength of a molded product. Therefore, producing an aliphatic polyester having a target melt viscosity is an important issue from the viewpoint of production technology.
- the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester is also a property related to the setting of molding conditions and the mechanical strength of the molded product.
- the degree of yellowness of the aliphatic polyester is an index indicating the quality of the aliphatic polyester, and is also an important physical property in producing a desired color tone.
- the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester and the physical properties to be controlled are determined in advance.
- the amount of water to be added to the cyclic ester so that the total proton concentration corresponds to the target value of the physical property to be controlled based on the relationship between Polyester (for example, polydaricholic acid) can be produced.
- the melt viscosity not only the melt viscosity but also the molecular weight such as the weight average molecular weight can be controlled by adjusting the total proton concentration of the cyclic ester by adding water under the same polymerization conditions.
- the use of water as a molecular weight modifier can significantly suppress the amount of volatile components generated that affects the melt viscosity.
- the melt viscosity, molecular weight, and yellowness of the aliphatic polyester can be controlled. Therefore, by performing a regression analysis such as a simple regression analysis or a multiple regression analysis based on a database between the total proton concentration of cyclic esters and their physical properties, a linear model or a nonlinear model (bilog model ⁇ semilog) Mo (Dell) relation can be easily created, whereby the amount of water added can be adjusted so that the total proton concentration corresponds to the target physical property value.
- a linear model or a nonlinear model (bilog model ⁇ semilog) Mo (Dell) relation can be easily created, whereby the amount of water added can be adjusted so that the total proton concentration corresponds to the target physical property value.
- the These relations model it is desirable that multiple correlation R and multiple determination R 2 is selected the highest model.
- Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ester is carried out using a polymerization vessel.
- an arbitrary force such as being carried out in an extruder S, usually a method of bulk ring-opening polymerization in a polymerization vessel
- a polymer is formed.
- the polymerization temperature is lower than the crystallization temperature of the polymer, the polymer precipitates during the polymerization reaction, and finally a solid polymer is obtained.
- the polymerization time varies depending on the ring-opening polymerization method, the polymerization temperature, and the like.In the ring-opening polymerization method in a container, the polymerization time is usually 10 minutes to 100 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 50 hours, and more preferably. Is 1 to 30 hours.
- the polymerization conversion is usually 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, and more preferably 99% or more.To reduce residual unreacted monomers and increase production efficiency, full conversion is required. Is most preferred.
- the cyclic ester after adding water 1 to the purified cyclic ester to adjust the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, the cyclic ester is heated and melted in the presence of a catalyst.
- a method of ring-opening polymerization of an ester is preferred. This polymerization method is a bulk ring-opening polymerization method.
- the cyclic ester after adding water to the purified cyclic ester to adjust the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, the cyclic ester is heated and melted in a melting tank in the presence of a catalyst, and then the molten state is added. More preferably, the cyclic ester is transferred to a polymerization apparatus provided with a plurality of tubes whose both ends can be opened and closed, and ring-opening polymerization is carried out in each tube in a sealed state to precipitate a produced polymer.
- the cyclic ester after adding water to the purified cyclic ester to adjust the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, the cyclic ester is heated and melted in a melting tank in the presence of a catalyst, and then the molten state is melted. After proceeding the ring opening polymerization of the cyclic ester in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, the produced polymer is taken out and the polymer is cooled once. After solidification, it is also preferable to employ a method in which solid-state polymerization is continued at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the polymer. By controlling the polymerization temperature in a closed system, it is possible to produce a polymer having the target properties such as melt viscosity in a stable and reproducible manner.
- the melt viscosity measured at a temperature of 240 ° C. and a shear rate of 121 sec 1 is obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester (for example, a cyclic ester containing glycolide or dalicollide as a main component). It is possible to obtain a polyglycolic acid of preferably 50 to 6,000 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 100 to 5,000 Pa ⁇ s.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably at least 500,000, more preferably at least 800,000, and particularly preferably at least 100,000. Can be produced. The upper limit of the weight average molecular weight is about 500,000.
- an aliphatic polyester having a yellowness (YI) of about 4 to 20 can be obtained, and the yellowness can be controlled by adjusting the molecular weight.
- a polymer having a yellowness (Y I) of 10 or less can be obtained by setting the weight average molecular weight to 200,000 or less, and further to 180,000 or less.
- water is used as a molecular weight regulator in a method for producing an aliphatic polyester by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ester.
- water adversely affects the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters as impurities, and particularly adversely affects the polymerization rate, molecular weight, and melt viscosity. It is only taught to reduce.
- the effect of water in the cyclic ester on the molecular weight and melt viscosity of the aliphatic polyester does not imply that water can be used as a molecular weight regulator. Since water has a lower molecular weight than higher alcohols, its measurement accuracy is low. In addition, water has a boiling point lower than the ring-opening polymerization temperature, and it is difficult to accurately adjust the water concentration in the reaction system. Furthermore, the water content in the cyclic ester and the melt viscosity of the aliphatic polyester There is no exact correlation between degree and molecular weight. Therefore, the prior art does not suggest that water acts as a molecular weight modifier and has excellent practical performance.
- the production method of the present invention can be automated or semi-automated by connecting the raw material supply means, the polymerization reactor and the like to the analysis means and the information processing device.
- the cyclic ester to be supplied to the dissolving tank is automatically sampled, the amount of impurities contained therein is analyzed, the analysis result is input to the information processing device, and the arithmetic means is used based on the relational expression as described above.
- the control operation signal is generated by comparing the calculated melt viscosity with the target total viscosity corresponding to the target, and calculating the amount of water according to the difference. Then, a method of supplying necessary amounts of water and cyclic ester to the dissolution tank can be adopted.
- a property value such as a melt viscosity of the aliphatic polyester formed can be predicted from the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, a polymer having a desired property value such as a melt viscosity can be obtained.
- the blend ratio of the polymer obtained in each batch can also be determined to obtain Example
- lactide impurities were quantified in the same manner as for glycolide.
- the total concentration of protons in the cyclic ester is calculated based on the total amount of the hydroxycarboxylic acid compound and water contained in the cyclic ester.
- the proton concentration (mol%) based on the hydroxycarboxylic acid compound is calculated based on the respective contents, molecular weights, and the number of hydroxyl groups.
- the proton concentration based on water is calculated based on the total amount and molecular weight of the water content of impurities contained in the cyclic ester, the water content in the atmosphere of the treatment tank and the like, and the added water. .
- Dry air was flowed into the monomer dissolution tank in advance, and the relative humidity of the atmosphere was determined with a hygrometer.
- the absolute temperature was calculated from the temperature of the atmosphere, and the water content in the tank was calculated from the absolute temperature and the tank volume.
- the polymer sample is placed in a dryer at 120 ° C and brought into contact with dry air to remove moisture. The amount was reduced to less than 100 p. Then, it was sufficiently dried in a dryer.
- the melt viscosity was measured using a Capillograph 11C manufactured by Toyo Seiki equipped with a capillaries (lmm ⁇ i »X 10mmL). The heating to the set temperature 240 ° C device, introducing a sample of about 20 g, was held for 5 minutes, the melt viscosity was measured at a shear rate of 121 sec one 1.
- Standard light C 2 using TC-1800 manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Technical Center. It was measured by the reflected light measurement method under the conditions of the visual field and the color system.
- the instrument was calibrated with a standard white plate (No. 88417). The measurement is carried out three times by filling the sample in a dedicated Petri dish (3 cm in diameter, 1.3 cm in height) so that the fine powder does not enter into it, placing it on the measurement stage, changing the position of the sample, and performing the measurement three times. The average was calculated. YI (yellow index) value indicating yellowness was used as the color tone.
- An amorphous polymer is obtained to dissolve the polymer sample in the solvent used for molecular weight measurement. That is, about 5 g of a sufficiently dried polymer is sandwiched between aluminum plates, placed on a 275 ° C heat press, heated for 90 seconds, and then subjected to a pressure of 2 MPa.
- Detector Differential refractometer (Refractive Index; RI)
- a 70% by weight aqueous solution of glycolic acid is charged into a jacketed stirring tank (also referred to as a “reactor”), and the medium in the can is heated to 200 ° C by circulating heating medium oil in the jacket while stirring at normal pressure. Then, the condensation reaction was carried out while distilling the generated water out of the system. Next, while maintaining the inner temperature of the can at 200 ° C, while gradually reducing the inner pressure of the can to 3 kPa, low-boiling substances such as generated water and unreacted raw materials are distilled off, and glycolic acid oligomers are formed. Got.
- the glycolic acid oligomer prepared above was charged into a SUS 304 jacketed stirring tank, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether was added as a solvent, and polyethylene glycol was added as a solubilizing agent.
- the mixture of the glycolic acid oligomer and the solvent was subjected to a depolymerization reaction under heating and reduced pressure to co-distill the produced glycolide and the solvent.
- the distillate was condensed in a double tube condenser circulating hot water. The condensate was received in a room temperature receiver. In order to keep the amount of the solvent in the reaction solution constant, a solvent corresponding to the amount of the distilled solvent was continuously supplied to the reaction tank.
- the solubilizing agent was changed from polyethylene dalicol to octyl tetratriethylene glycol.
- a condensate was obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that the condensate was replaced.
- the condensate was received in a receiver with hot water circulated through the jacket.
- the condensate in the receiver (2) was separated into two layers, the upper layer being a solvent and the lower layer being a glycolide liquid. If the depolymerization reaction continues after the formation of the two-liquid layer and co-distillation continues, the glycolide cooled by the condenser will pass through the solvent layer as droplets, and will be deposited on the lower glycolide layer. It was condensed.
- the upper solvent layer was continuously returned into the reactor.
- the pressure in the reaction system was temporarily returned to normal pressure, liquid glycolide was withdrawn from the bottom of the receiver, the pressure was returned to the original value, and the depolymerization reaction was continued. This operation was repeated several times.
- the recovered liquid glycol solid ified when cooled to room temperature.
- the glycolide was recrystallized using 2-propanol, and then dried under reduced pressure.
- the purity of glycolide as measured by DSC was 99.9%.
- the operation from depolymerization to solid-liquid separation of dalicollide was repeated a required number of times, and the collected solid was recrystallized at one time and dried under reduced pressure.
- Synthesis Example 1 the procedure was the same as in Synthesis Example 1 except that the solvent was changed from diethylene dalicol dibutyl ether to triethylene glycol butyl octyl ether, and the solubilizing agent was changed from polyethylene glycol to polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether. To obtain glycolide. Further, in Synthesis Example 1, while glycolide recovered from the depolymerization reaction system was purified by recrystallization, purification was performed using a tower-type purification apparatus. After the depolymerization, the crude glycolide solid-liquid separated was continuously charged at a constant rate into the raw material crystal charging port provided at the lower part of the tower-type purification device.
- the glycolide was stirred while being raised by a stirrer installed inside the tower-type purification device, and was purified by countercurrent contact between the falling melt of the purified crystal component and the rising coarse glycolide crystal in the purification device. Crystals after purification were continuously taken out at a constant speed from an outlet provided at the upper part of the purifier.
- the recovered purified glycolide had a purity of at least 99.9% by DSC measurement. 12881
- the amount of water added was determined in consideration of the amount of moisture (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the container. That is, the total proton concentration was calculated by adding 0.11 g of water contained in the atmosphere in the container.
- the vessel was sealed, steam was circulated through the jacket with stirring, and the contents were heated until the temperature of the contents reached 10 ° C.
- the contents became a uniform liquid during heating.
- the contents were transferred to a device made of metal (SUS 304) pipe with an inner diameter of 24 mm.
- This device consists of a main body in which the pipe is installed and upper and lower plates made of metal (S US 304). Both the main body and the upper and lower plates have a jacket structure, and the heat medium oil circulates in this jacket. It has a structure to do.
- the resulting polymer When polymerization is performed without measuring the content of impurities in glycolide (Comparative Examples 1 to 3), the resulting polymer (ring-opened polymer) has a large amount of volatile matter, and has a low melt viscosity and low weight average molecular weight. You can see that. Therefore, even if the set proton concentration is adjusted, the desired melt viscosity and weight average molecular weight cannot be obtained, and the amount of the residual monomer also fluctuates. In particular, when water is not added (Comparative Example 1), the amount of volatile components in the polymer increases. When a higher alcohol was added (Comparative Example 3), the resulting polymer had a low melt viscosity and a high volatile content.
- the desired melting point is achieved. It can be seen that a ring-opened polymer having a viscosity, a weight average molecular weight, a small amount of volatile components, and a low yellowness (YI) can be obtained.
- Impurities of dalycolide (mouth D) in another mouth prepared according to Synthesis Example 1 were determined to be 6 O p pm glycolic acid, 460 ppm of glycolic acid dimer, and 21 ppm of water. there were. Therefore, the total proton concentration of the impurities was 0.062 mo 1%.
- This device consists of a main body in which the pipes are installed and upper and lower plates made of metal (SUS 304). Both the main body and the upper and lower plates have a jacket structure, and heat medium oil is supplied to this jacket. It has a structure to circulate.
- the total proton concentration was set to 0.13mo 1% by adding water in order to obtain a ring-opened polymer having a melt viscosity of about 3.6 OOPas.
- Table 2 a ring-opened polymer having a melt viscosity of 3,490 Pa ⁇ s was obtained.
- Example 1 except that 0.43 g of water (considering 0.05 g of moisture contained in the atmosphere in the container) was added to adjust the total proton concentration to 0.22mo 1%. Performed similarly to 5. The reason for adjusting the total proton concentration to 0.22 mo 1% by adding water was to obtain a ring-opened polymer having a melt viscosity of about 1,800 Pa ⁇ s. However, a ring-opened polymer of 1,920 Pas was obtained. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 5 Except for adding 1.16 g of water (considering 0.11 g of water (moisture) contained in the atmosphere in the container) to adjust the total proton concentration to 0.47 mO 1%, The procedure was as in Example 5. The reason that the total proton concentration was adjusted to 0.47 mo 1% by adding water was to obtain a ring-opened polymer having a melt viscosity of about 260 Pa ⁇ s, but as a result, the melt viscosity was increased. A ring-opened polymer of 26 OP a ⁇ s was obtained. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 4 The same procedure was performed as in Example 5, except that no water was added. Taking into account the amount of water (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the dissolution tank, 0.08 g, the total proton concentration was 0.09mo 1 ° / 0 . Table 2 shows the results. Table 2
- Examples 7 and 8 show that when water is used as a molecular weight modifier, yellowness (YI) is remarkably improved in a region where the melt viscosity and the weight average molecular weight are relatively small. It is a tendency.
- a ring-opened polymer having a low melt viscosity and a small yellowness (YI) is suitable as a polymer for injection molding.
- Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the heating medium oil at 200 ° C was circulated through the main body of the polymerization apparatus and the jackets of the upper and lower plates and kept for 5 hours. Table 3 shows the results.
- Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9, except that no water was added. Considering the amount of water (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the dissolution tank of 0.09 g, the total proton concentration was 0.09 mol%. Table 3 shows the results. Table 3
- Example 9 corresponds to Example 7 in which the polymerization temperature was changed from 170 ° C to 200 ° C and the polymerization time was changed from 7 hours to 5 hours, but the amount of volatile matter was small. A ring-opened polymer with low yellowness (YI) was obtained.
- Comparative Example 5 corresponds to Comparative Example 4 in which the polymerization temperature was changed from 170 ° C to 200 ° C and the polymerization time was changed from 7 hours to 5 hours. Ring-opened polymer with high yellowness (YI).
- Impurities of another lot of glycolide (Lot E) produced according to Synthesis Example 1 were determined to be glycolic acid 50 ppm, glycolic acid dimer 360 ppm, and water 33 ppm. Therefore, the total proton concentration of the impurities was 0.060 mo 1%. 22,500 g of this glycolide, 0.68 g (30 ppm) of dichloride tin dihydrate, and 2.11 g of water [moisture (moisture) contained in the atmosphere in the container 0.34 g), and adjusted to a total protein concentration of 0.13 mol%, in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 4 shows the results.
- Example 10 The same glycolide used in Example 10 was placed in an aluminum can, purged with dry nitrogen, covered, and left at room temperature. Four weeks later, the can was opened in a dry box, and a portion of the glycolide was taken out and analyzed.
- the glycolide contained 100 ppm of glycolic acid, 1,000 ppm of glycolic acid dimer, and 21 ppm of water.
- the total proton concentration of impurities was changed to 0.115mo 1%.
- 0.17 g of water was used to adjust the total proton concentration (set proton concentration) to 0.13mo 1% [moisture (moisture) content of the atmosphere in the dissolution vessel was 0.1%. 35 g] was performed in the same manner as in Example 10. Table 4 shows the results.
- Example 10 Comparing Example 10 with Example 11, even if the amount of impurities contained in glycolide increases during storage and the total proton concentration of impurities fluctuates, water is added as a molecular weight regulator to increase the set proton concentration. It can be seen that when adjusted, a ring-opened polymer having approximately the same level of melt viscosity, weight average molecular weight, and yellowness (YI) is obtained.
- Example 12 the amount of water to be added was determined on the assumption that the total proton concentration of the impurities was kept constant without analyzing impurities due to the time-dependent change of glycolide. A ring-opened polymer having significantly changed melt viscosity, weight average molecular weight, and yellowness (YI) was obtained.
- YI yellowness
- Example 12 if impurities are analyzed before polymerization, it is possible to obtain a ring-opened polymer having a desired value such as melt viscosity by adding water to a desired set proton concentration. It is possible.
- glycolide prepared by the same method as in Synthesis Example 1, 22,050 g (glycolic acid 50 ppm, glycolic acid dimer 380 ppm, water 20 ppm; total proton concentration of impurities 0.053 mol%) and L-lactide 450 g (lactic acid 0 ppm, lactic acid dimer 270 ppm) , Water 8 ppm; total impurity concentration 0 ⁇ 0 30 mo 1%), and 1.45 g of water to adjust the total proton concentration (set proton concentration) to 0.105mo 1%. (Considering 0.27 g of water (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the container), and circulate 170 ° C heat medium oil through the jacket of the polymerization equipment.
- Example 10 The procedure was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the temperature was kept at room temperature and kept for 24 hours. After completion of the polymerization, the yield of the formed poly (glycolic acid ZL-lactic acid) copolymer was almost 100%. This lump was pulverized by a pulverizer, and various physical properties of the pulverized substance were measured. Table 5 shows the results.
- Example 13 was repeated except that 2.06 g of water (considering 0.36 g of moisture (moisture) contained in the atmosphere in the container) was added to the mixture.
- Example 13 The same operation as in Example 13 was carried out except that no water was added. Considering 0.36 g of water (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the dissolution vessel, the total proton concentration was 0.064 mol 1%. After the completion of the polymerization, the yield of the formed polydaricholic acid lumps was almost 100%. Table 5 shows the results. Table 5
- Glycolide 21 3,375 g (glycolic acid 60 ppm, glycolic acid dimer 4 60 p pm, water 21 p pm; total impurity proton concentration 0.063 mo 1%) and L-lactide 1, 125 g (lactic acid 0 ppm, lactic acid dimer 270 ppm, water 8 ppm; total impurity protons)
- a concentration of 0.030 mol%) adjust the total proton concentration (set ton concentration) to 0.095 mol 1% with water 0.90 g [moisture (moisture) 0 in the atmosphere in the container. 27 g] was added in the same manner as in Example 12. After the completion of the polymerization, the yield of the formed poly (glycolic acid ZL-lactic acid) copolymer was almost 100%.
- Table 6 shows the results.
- Example 15 The same operation as in Example 15 was performed except that no water was added. Considering 0.27 g of water (humidity) contained in the atmosphere in the dissolution vessel, the total proton concentration was 0.069 mol 1%. After the completion of the polymerization, the yield of the formed polyglycolic acid lump was almost 100%. Table 6 shows the results. Table 6
- a cyclic ester such as glycolide is polymerized by ring-opening polymerization.
- a method for producing an aliphatic polyester such as vac acid
- the use of water as a molecular weight modifier provides a production method capable of accurately controlling physical properties such as melt viscosity and molecular weight.
- a highly purified cyclic ester is used as a monomer, and water is added to the cyclic ester to adjust the total proton concentration in the cyclic ester, whereby the melt viscosity of the aliphatic polyester, The physical properties of at least one of the molecular weight and the yellowness can be controlled.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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AU2003271126A AU2003271126A1 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | Process for producing aliphatic polyester |
US10/530,554 US7622546B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | Production process of aliphatic polyester |
JP2004542842A JP4486887B2 (ja) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | 脂肪族ポリエステルの製造方法 |
EP03751382A EP1550682B1 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | Process for producing aliphatic polyester |
DE60320282T DE60320282T2 (de) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | Verfahren zur herstellung von aliphatischem polyester |
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- 2003-10-08 JP JP2004542842A patent/JP4486887B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2003-10-08 DE DE60320282T patent/DE60320282T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-08 EP EP03751382A patent/EP1550682B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
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US7622546B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 |
EP1550682A4 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
AU2003271126A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
CN100340588C (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
EP1550682B1 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
DE60320282D1 (de) | 2008-05-21 |
EP1550682A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
JPWO2004033527A1 (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
US20060004183A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
CN1703439A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
ATE391741T1 (de) | 2008-04-15 |
JP4486887B2 (ja) | 2010-06-23 |
DE60320282T2 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
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