WO2004006991A1 - 多孔質膜 - Google Patents
多孔質膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004006991A1 WO2004006991A1 PCT/JP2003/008758 JP0308758W WO2004006991A1 WO 2004006991 A1 WO2004006991 A1 WO 2004006991A1 JP 0308758 W JP0308758 W JP 0308758W WO 2004006991 A1 WO2004006991 A1 WO 2004006991A1
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- Prior art keywords
- porous membrane
- polyamide
- acid
- membrane according
- water absorption
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/022—Asymmetric membranes
- B01D2325/023—Dense layer within the membrane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/22—Thermal or heat-resistance properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/32—Melting point or glass-transition temperatures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a porous membrane, particularly a porous membrane useful as a medical separation membrane.
- Porous membranes are widely used in various fields.
- medical separation membranes especially hemodialysis membranes, include cellulose-based natural polymer membranes, polysulfone, polymethylmethacrylate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, and polyallyl ether.
- synthetic polymer membranes such as sulfone and polyester polymer alloys.
- membranes using polyamides are superior in biocompatibility and do not contain bisphenol A, which is an environmental hormone that is likely to have an adverse effect on the human body. Widely used for medical applications.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-256607 describes a permselective membrane made of a polyamide having a water content of 8 wt% or more and a heat of crystallization of 3 OmJ / mg or less.
- This publication recognizes that in a polyamide film, when the water content is high, the heat resistance when wet is reduced, which is disadvantageous in AC sterilization resistance. It states that if the glass transition temperature of T. is more than 130 ° C, AC sterilization at 121 ° C is possible.
- T. glass transition temperature of T.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a porous membrane that uses polyamide as a main material, has a very small dimensional change even in hot water treatment, and is particularly useful as a medical separation membrane that can be subjected to AC sterilization. Is to provide.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that it is possible to obtain a film having excellent hot water resistance by using a polyamide having a low equilibrium water absorption as a material of the film. .
- a medical separation membrane composed of a hollow fiber membrane mainly composed of a polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less has high dimensional stability under AC sterilization conditions. It was completed.
- the present invention is as follows.
- the porous membrane according to (1) which is a polyamide comprising a diamine component that is 1,8-octanediamine.
- the porous membrane according to (1) which is an asymmetric membrane composed of a dense layer and a support layer.
- the porous membrane of the present invention is characterized by using a polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less as a main material.
- “equilibrium water absorption” refers to a value measured by a method indicated by (i) equilibrium water absorption in [Examples] described later. Also, “using a polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less as a main material” means that the material of the porous membrane (ie, the polymer material forming the skeleton of the porous membrane) has an equilibrium water absorption of 10%. It means that it consists of the following polyamides or that the polyamides and other polymers (optional components).
- the polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less used in the present invention preferably has an equilibrium water absorption of 7% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less is, for example, a dicarboxylic acid component in which 60 to 100 mol% is terephthalic acid, and a 60 to 100 mol% of 1: 9-nonandiamine and / or 2-methyl- 1,8—octanediamine
- a polyamide comprising a diamine component.
- the amount of terephthalic acid in the dicarboxylic acid component is less than 60 mol%, or the amount of 1,9-nonandiamine and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine in the diamine component is less than 60 mol%.
- the hot water resistance of a porous membrane using such a polyamide tends to decrease.
- the amount of terephthalic acid in the dicarboxylic acid component is preferably from 75 to 100 mol%, more preferably from 90 to 100 mol%.
- the obtained polyamide has more excellent heat resistance, mechanical properties, etc. The dimensional stability is further improved.
- the dicarboxylic acid components other than terephthalic acid include, for example, malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, 2-methylazivic acid, trimethyladipic acid, pimelic acid, and 2,2-dimethyl Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as glutaric acid, 3,3-getylsuccinic acid, azelainic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, dimeric acid; 1,3-cyclopentene dicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, etc.
- Alicyclic dicarboxylic acid isophthalic acid, 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-phenylenedioxydiacetic acid 1,1,3-phenylenedioxydiacetic acid, diphenic acid, dibenzoic acid, 4,4, -oxydibenzoic acid, diphenylmethane 1,4,4,1-dicarboxylic acid
- Diphenylsulfone may contain an aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as 1,4′-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4,1-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, etc., and these may be one kind or two or more kinds. .
- the amount of 1,9-nonandiamine and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine in the diamine component is preferably 75 to 100 mol%, and 90 to 100 mol%. More preferably, it is 100 mol%.
- the amount of 1,9-nonandiamine and / or 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine in the diamine component is in such a preferable range, the resulting polyamide has low water absorption, It becomes more excellent in heat resistance and the like, and the dimensional stability of the target porous membrane during hot water treatment is further improved.
- NMD A MOD A (molar ratio) is from 100: 0 to: L 0:90 The ratio is preferably 95: 5 to 20:80, more preferably 90:10 to 40:60.
- diamine components other than 1,9-nonandiamine and 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine include, for example, 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, 1,10-decanediamine.
- Linear aliphatic diamines such as, 1, 1 1-dendcandamine and 1,12-dodecandamine; 2-methyl-1,5-pentendiamine; 3-methyl-1,5-pentendiamine; Branched-chain diamines such as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, 2,4,4-trimethyl-11,6-hexanediamine and 5-methyl-11,9-nonandadiamine; cyclohexanediamine , Methylcyclohexanediamine, isophoronediamine, bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, norbornanedimethylamine, tricyclodecanedimethylamine Alicyclic diamines such as P-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, xylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylether and other aromatic diamines; And these may be one kind or two
- the terminal blocking agent for the purpose of controlling the molecular weight, it is preferable that 10% or more of the molecular chain terminal groups are blocked by a terminal blocking agent, and the terminal group blocking rate is 40% or more. Is more preferably, more preferably 60% or more, and particularly preferably 70% or more.
- the terminal blocking agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a monofunctional compound having reactivity with the amino group or carboxyl group at the terminal of the polyamide.
- a monocarboxylic acid or a monoamine is preferred from the viewpoint of reactivity and safety of the sealed terminal, and a monocarboxylic acid is more preferred from the viewpoint of easy handling.
- acid anhydrides such as anhydrous hydrofluoric acid, monoisocyanates, monoacid halides, monoesters, monoalcohols, and the like can also be used.
- the monocarboxylic acid that can be used as an end capping agent is not particularly limited as long as it has reactivity with an amino group.
- acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid Aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, normitic acid, stearic acid, vivalic acid, and isobutylic acid; alicyclic monocarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; benzoic acid, toluic acid, and Examples thereof include aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as mono-naphthylene carboxylic acid,?
- acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, cabroic acid, caprylic acid, lactic acid, tridecyl acid, tridecyl acid, myristinic acid, palmitic acid, Stearic acid and benzoic acid are particularly preferred.
- the monoamine used as the terminal blocking agent is not particularly limited as long as it has reactivity with a carboxyl group.
- examples thereof include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, and stearylamine.
- Aliphatic monoamines such as cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, etc .
- Aromatic monoamines such as aniline, toluidine, diphenylamine, naphthylamine, or any of these; And mixtures thereof.
- butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, stearylamine, cyclohexylamine, and aniline are particularly preferred from the viewpoints of reactivity, high boiling point, stability of the sealed terminal, and price.
- the polyamide can be produced by any method known as a method for producing a crystalline polyamide.
- acid chloride and diamine It can be produced by a melt polymerization method or an interfacial polymerization method; a melt polymerization method using dicarboxylic acid and diamine as raw materials, a solid phase polymerization method, a melt extruder polymerization method, or the like.
- phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, or a salt thereof is used in order to increase the rate of polycondensation and to prevent degradation of the polyamide produced during polymerization. It is preferable to add a phosphorus-based catalyst such as an ester to the reaction system.
- hypophosphorous acid derivatives are preferred from the viewpoint of the quality of the generated polyamide, and sodium hypophosphite is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of price and ease of handling.
- the addition amount of these phosphorus-based catalysts is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of dicarboxylic acid and diamine. It is particularly preferred that it is between 0.07 and 1% by weight.
- the amount of the above terminal capping agent varies depending on the reactivity, boiling point, reaction apparatus, reaction conditions, etc. of the terminal capping agent used, but is usually 0 to the total number of moles of dicarboxylic acid and diamine. It can be used in the range of 1 to 15 mol%.
- the polyamide used in the present invention preferably has a high glass transition point when dried, and preferably has a glass transition point of 60 ° C or higher, more preferably 80 ° C or higher, and 100 ° C or higher. Particularly preferably, it is C or more.
- the glass transition point is 60 ° C or higher, the target porous film has better heat resistance, and the dimensional stability during hot water treatment is further improved.
- the glass transition point was observed near the glass transition temperature when the temperature was raised from 30 ° C to 200 ° C by 10 ° C using DSC (Metra Co., Ltd .: DSC 30). The two inflection points were measured and set as the intermediate temperature.
- the polyamide used in the present invention has an intrinsic viscosity measured at 30 ° C in concentrated sulfuric acid.
- [7?] Is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 3.0 d 1 / g, more preferably in the range of 0.6 to 2.0 d 1 / g, and 0.8 to 1. Particularly preferred is a range of 8 dl / g. If the intrinsic viscosity [??] is lower than the above range, the mechanical strength of the target porous membrane tends to decrease. In addition, the intrinsic viscosity [] is higher than the above range In such a case, the solubility in a solvent at the time of preparing a film-forming stock solution described later decreases, or the viscosity of the film-forming stock solution increases, and the film-forming property tends to decrease.
- the limiting viscosity [7?] is determined by dissolving the polyamide in concentrated sulfuric acid and adjusting the concentration to 0.
- the method for producing the porous membrane of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the porous membrane can be suitably produced by the following method.
- a film-forming stock solution comprising a polymer and a solvent, or a film-forming stock solution in which additives are further added as necessary, is prepared.
- the polymer used here may be only a polymer having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less, and another polymer may be added as needed.
- the concentration composition of the polyamide in the film forming stock solution may be within a range in which a film can be formed and the film has performance, and is preferably 5 to 50% by weight.
- the concentration of the polyamide is preferably 10 to 30% by weight.
- polymer when another polymer is added for the purpose of imparting hydrophilicity, improving biocompatibility, improving viscosity, etc., it may be added in an amount of 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0 to 10% by weight, in the film-forming raw material. You may get.
- the polymer include polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol monoester, a copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, and a water-soluble derivative of cellulose. , Polysorbate, polymethoxyl acrylate, polyhydroxyethyl methyl acrylate, and the like.
- the solvent may be any solvent that dissolves the polymer or the polymer and the additive.
- NMP N-methyl-1-pyrrolidone
- DMAc N, N-dimethylacetamide
- DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
- DMF dimethylformamide
- NMMO N-methylmorpholine oxide
- the additive is added for adjusting the phase separation temperature and viscosity of the film forming stock solution and improving the film forming property, and examples thereof include water.
- the concentration range of water is from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0 to 5% by weight, in the film forming stock solution.
- a salt or the like may be added for the purpose of controlling the dissolution state of the film forming solution and improving the film forming property.
- the type of the salt include lithium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium acetate, and lithium nitrate.
- the amount of the salt may be added as needed depending on the combination of the polymer, the solvent, and the additive.
- a stock solution is prepared by mixing a polymer and a solvent (these and any additives that may be added as needed) at a high temperature (usually 60 to 150 ° C). Then, for the prepared membrane-forming stock solution, for example, in the case of a hollow fiber, a hollow forming agent such as a coagulating solution or a non-coagulating solvent (a solvent that does not coagulate the membrane-forming stock) is injected into the inside from a double annular nozzle. The film is extruded from a double annular nozzle while being introduced into a coagulation liquid as needed to form a film. The coagulation liquid may be brought into contact with the stock solution only on the inside of the hollow fiber, only on the outside, or on both sides. In the case of a flat membrane, a membrane can be formed by casting a stock solution on a cast plate and immersing it in a coagulation solution.
- a hollow forming agent such as a coagulating solution or a non-coagulating solvent (a solvent that does not
- any liquid can be used without particular limitation as long as it has a function of coagulating a polymer as a film material and is miscible with the solvent of the film forming stock solution.
- the type of the coagulating liquid include water; a mixture of water and a water-soluble solvent such as NMP, DMAc, DMSO, DMF, and NMMO.
- salts such as lithium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium acetate, and lithium nitrate; PVP, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol monoester, copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, An aqueous solution containing polymers such as vinyl alcohol, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, a water-soluble derivative of cellulose, polysorbate, polymethoxyethyl acrylate, and polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate can also be used.
- a gas such as nitrogen or air or a non-coagulable solvent such as hexane can be used outside the hollow fiber.
- a gas such as nitrogen or air or a non-coagulating solvent such as hexane can be used inside the hollow fiber.
- the membrane is washed with water, dried and heat-treated as necessary. Then, it is incorporated into a module by a known method and used as various industrial or medical films.
- the main material (polymer) in the porous membrane of the present invention is a polyamide having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less (for example, a dicarboxylic acid component in which 60 to 100 mol% is terephthalic acid; 100% by mole of a diamine component consisting of 1,9-nonandiamine and / or a diamine component of 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine), and other polymers such as PVP, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol monoester, and the like.
- a polymer may be included.
- the content of the polyamide is preferably 50 to 100% by weight, more preferably 60 to 100% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 100% by weight of all the polymers constituting the porous membrane. More preferably, it is 100% by weight.
- the porous membrane of the present invention may be a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane.
- a hollow fiber is used as a medical separation membrane.
- Membranes are preferred.
- the thickness is preferably in the range of 3 to 200 m from the viewpoints of ensuring spinnability and mechanical strength and permeability of the membrane, and 10 to 100 m. 0, more preferably in the range of 10 to 400 m. More preferably, it is within the box.
- the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is preferably in the range of 40 to 500 Ojm, more preferably 40 to 3000 m, and still more preferably 100 to 1000 m.
- the thickness is preferably in the range of 3 to 2000 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to: I000 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 10 to 400 ⁇ m.
- the porosity (%) of the porous membrane of the present invention is preferably from 20 to 90%, more preferably from 60 to 90%, from the viewpoint of the permeability and mechanical strength of the membrane.
- the porosity (%) here is a value calculated by the following equation.
- W w weight of water film W D is the weight of the dry film
- the water density / 0 E represents the specific gravity of the polymer constituting the porous Shitsumaku.
- the size of the pores varies depending on the use of the porous membrane, but the average pore size is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 50 m, and preferably in the range of 0.3 to 3 zm. Is more preferred.
- the average pore diameter is defined as an electron micrograph (maximum magnification: 6 000 times) of a cross section perpendicular to the film forming direction (the direction of extrusion or casting of the film forming stock solution). This is a value obtained by drawing a vertical straight line, measuring the length of all holes on the straight line passing through the holes, and averaging the measured lengths.
- the structure of the porous membrane of the present invention may be a homogeneous (porous structure) membrane or an asymmetric (porous structure) membrane. And a support layer having high permeability while having mechanical strength, and also serving as a support for the dense layer, and is a medical separation membrane composed of a hollow fiber membrane.
- the inner layer is a dense layer and the outer layer is a support layer.
- the outermost layer may be made dense, that is, a dense layer (inner layer) -support layer (intermediate layer) -dense layer (outer layer) may be formed. is there.
- the structure of the support layer constituting the asymmetric membrane is, for example, from the dense layer which is the inner layer to the outer side.
- a mesh-like inclined structure in which the hole diameter increases there are a mesh-like uniform structure in which the hole diameter is substantially uniform over the entire film thickness direction, and a finger void structure having finger-like coarse holes.
- a mesh-like inclined structure is preferable.
- the thickness of the dense layer is preferably about 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m.
- the average pore size of the dense layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 2000 nm, more preferably in the range of 5 to 500 nm.
- the average pore diameter of the dense layer is defined as the average pore diameter in the electron micrograph (maximum magnification: 60,000 times) of a cross section perpendicular to the film forming direction (the extrusion direction or casting direction of the film forming stock solution).
- the surface of the dense layer may have substantially no irregularities or irregularities.
- the structure of the dense layer is a portion that affects the fractionation property. It is preferable that the projections are formed to have irregularities due to a plurality of projections.
- the average roughness of the surface of the dense layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 1 Onm, and more preferably in the range of 3 to 1 Onm.
- the average roughness described here is obtained by tapping the shape of the surface (observation area is 5 m square) using an atomic force microscope (for example, Dimension 3100 manufactured by Digital Instruments). In this mode, measurement is performed at a measurement frequency of 0.5 Hz, and the obtained measurement data is obtained by analysis using the data processing software attached to the device. In other words, switch the measurement software of the device to Ofline mode, smooth out large undulations using the Modif y / F 1 atten instruction, and then use the Ana 1 ysis / Section instruction to measure the measurement data. The cross-sectional shape is obtained from, and the roughness (Ra) at a plane direction length of 5 zm calculated at that time is defined as the average roughness.
- Ra roughness
- the average pore size of the support layer is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m, and 0.3 ⁇ 3 More preferably, it is within the range of m.
- the average pore diameter is defined as a value that is perpendicular to the film surface in an electron micrograph (maximum magnification: 6000 times) of a cross section perpendicular to the film forming direction (the extrusion direction or casting direction of the film forming stock solution). A straight line is drawn, and for all the holes on the straight line in the support layer, the length of the portion where the straight line has passed through the hole is measured, and the measured length is averaged.
- the surface of the support layer may have pores having an average pore size of 0.01 to 100 m formed by a part of the structure of the support layer in order to maintain high diffusion transparency. More preferably, it has pores having an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 10 zm.
- the average pore diameter of the pores on the surface of the support layer described here is the average value of the longest and shortest pores measured in an electron micrograph of the surface (maximum magnification: 6000 times).
- the porous membrane of the present invention has high fractionability and high permeability, and is particularly useful as a medical separation membrane, and is particularly useful as a hemodialysis membrane.
- a high rejection rate of albumin and a high permeability of urea can be achieved at the same time, and preferably, a high rejection rate of albumin and urea and / or? 2- microglobulin ( 2 ) High transparency of MG).
- the albumin rejection can preferably achieve 90% or more, more preferably 97% or more, and still more preferably 99% or more.
- the urea clearance can achieve 125 mL / min or more, more preferably 175 mL / min or more, and still more preferably 185 mL / min or more.
- the clearance of MG can preferably achieve 35 mL / min or more, more preferably 45 mL / min or more.
- the performances shown here (high albumin rejection rate, high urea permeability, high /? 2 —MG permeability) are all described in the examples described later, (iV) urea clearance,? 2 — Measured by the method for measuring MG clearance and albumin rejection.
- the porous membrane of the present invention has good hot water resistance, since the main material, polyamide, has lower water absorption than the conventional porous membrane of this type. Therefore, especially for medical separation membranes The following excellent characteristics appear under AC sterilization conditions.
- the chip-shaped resin was injection molded into a strip of 73. Omm x 12.5 mm wide x 2. Omm thick. This was heated in hot water at 128 ° C for 2 hours, and then left standing in water at 25 ° C for 2 days. The weight before and after the hot water treatment was measured.
- the hydrated hollow fiber was cut to a length of 20 cm, left in hot water at 121 ° C for 20 minutes (AC sterilization), and the length of the fiber was measured again.
- the hollow fiber membrane before and after standing in hot water at 121 ° C for 20 minutes was cut with a force razor, the cross-sectional shape was observed with an optical microscope, and the inner diameter and film thickness were measured.
- Inner diameter change rate [%] (Li, a—Li, b) / Li, b 100
- Film thickness change rate [%] (Lt, a—Lt, b) / Lt, b 100
- Li a: Inner diameter of hollow fiber before standing with hot water (AC sterilization)
- Terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component NMD A and MOD A as a diamine component
- the hollow fiber 1 was extracted from the obtained hollow fiber bundle and cut into a length of 20 cm.
- the hollow fiber 2 is extracted from the remaining hollow fiber bundle and modularized by a known method.
- the hollow fiber 3 was extracted from the remaining hollow fiber bundle, and the inner diameter, the film thickness and the average roughness of the inner surface of the dense layer were measured, and the film structure was observed.
- Observation of the film structure with a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Science Systems, S-350 ON) revealed that the inner layer was a dense layer, and the outer layer also served as a support for the dense layer.
- the support layer had a network-like inclined structure in which the pore size increased outward, and pores with an average pore size of 1.0 zm were formed on the outer surface of the support layer.
- the average roughness of the inner surface of the dense layer was 5.lnm. Details of membrane structure (structure of support layer, Table 3 shows the average pore diameter of the outer surface of the support layer, the average roughness of the inner surface of the dense layer, and the dimensions of the hollow fiber (outer diameter, inner diameter, and film thickness).
- the hollow fiber 1 and the module 2 were left standing (AC sterilization) in water at 121 ° C for 20 minutes. Using the hollow fiber 1 after the hot water treatment (AC sterilization), the fiber length, inner diameter, and film thickness were measured.
- the membrane performance (clearance of urea,? 2 -MG clearance and rejection of albumin) was measured using module 1 before and after hot water treatment (AC sterilization) and module 2 after the treatment. At this time, there was no hemolysis or thrombus that would cause a problem in practical use.
- Table 4 shows the membrane performance before and after the hot water treatment (AC sterilization) and the rate of change in the dimensions (yarn length, inner diameter-membrane thickness) due to the hot water treatment. Adhesion between the hollow fiber membranes did not occur due to hot water treatment (AC sterilization).
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the equilibrium water absorption of a polyamide obtained from a dicarboxylic acid component (terephthalic acid), a diamine component (NMDA, MOD A) and a terminal blocking agent (benzoic acid) in the molar ratios shown in Table 1 was measured. Next, using this polyamide, each component shown in Table 2 was blended at a predetermined weight% to prepare a membrane-forming stock solution, and a hollow fiber bundle was produced from this membrane-forming stock solution. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the details of the membrane structure (structure of the support layer, average pore diameter of the outer surface of the support layer, average roughness of the inner surface of the dense layer) were obtained for the hollow fiber and the module obtained from the hollow fiber bundle.
- a dicarboxylic acid component terephthalic acid
- NMDA, MOD A diamine component
- a terminal blocking agent benzoic acid
- Table 3 shows the dimensions (outer diameter, inner diameter, and film thickness) of the hollow fiber and the membrane performance (clearance of urea, / 5 2 -MG clearance and albumin rejection) before and after hot water treatment (AC sterilization), hot water Table 4 shows the rate of change of the dimensions (thread length, inner diameter, film thickness) due to the treatment (AC sterilization), and the presence or absence of hemolysis or thrombus. Adhesion between hollow fiber membranes did not occur due to hot water treatment (AC sterilization).
- Table 3 shows the rate of change in dimensions (thread length, inner diameter, and film thickness) due to (AC sterilization) and the presence or absence of hemolysis or thrombus. Adhesion between the hollow fiber membranes occurred due to the hot water treatment (AC sterilization).
- Novamid X-21 polyamide (PA6 IT) consisting of diamine units consisting of hexamethylene diamine units and dicarboxylic acid units consisting of terephthalic acid units and isofluric acid units), Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Equilibrium water absorption at a glass transition point of 124 ° C) was measured. Next, a stock solution containing 13% by weight of this polyamide, 2% by weight of PVP (K-90, BASF) and 085% by weight of DMS was prepared. Using this solution, a hollow fiber bundle was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 details of the membrane structure (structure of the support layer, average pore diameter of the outer surface of the support layer, average roughness of the inner surface of the dense layer) were obtained for the hollow fiber and the module obtained from the hollow fiber bundle.
- Table 3 shows the dimensions (outer diameter, inner diameter, and film thickness) of the hollow fiber and the hollow fiber.
- the membrane performance (clearance of urea,? 2 — rejection of MG clearance and albumin) before and after hot water treatment (AC sterilization)
- hot water Table 4 shows the rate of change in the dimensions (thread length, inner diameter, and film thickness) due to the treatment (AC sterilization), and whether hemolysis or thrombus has occurred. Adhesion between the hollow fiber membranes occurred due to the hot water treatment (AC sterilization).
- Dicarboxylic acid component Diamine component Terminal blocking agent Catalyst Intrinsic viscosity Glass Obtained equilibrium water absorption Terephthalic acid NMD A MODA Physician A-ba A + Benzoic acid Phosphorous acid!] Transition point Polyamide type (%)
- Example 1 1.97 1 1 50 0.06 0.1 1.37 125 PA 9MT 11 3.2
- Example 2 1.97 1 1 50 0.06 0.1 1.37 125 PA9MT 3.2
- Example 3 1.97 1 1 50 0.06 0.1 1.37 125 PA9MT 3.2
- Example 4 1.97 1.7 0.3 85 0.06 0.1 1.22 126
- Example 5 1.97 1.3 0. 7 65 0.06 0.1 1.24 126
- Example 6 1.97 0.6. 1.30 30.06 0.1 1.00 124 PA9MT 3 . 4 oo
- Example 7 1. 97 2 0 100 0. 06 0. 1 1. 21 127 PA9T 21 3. 0
- Example 8 1. 97 1 1 50 0. 06 0. 1 0. 80 123 PA9MT 3. 3
- Example 9 1.97 1 1 50 0.06 0, 1 1.37 125 PA9MT 3.2 Comparative Example 1 18 PA6-3-T 31 12.1 Comparative Example 2 124 PA6 IT 41 10.9
- Trimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide (Trogamido T-15000, manufactured by Degussa AG)
- Polyamide consisting of diamine units consisting of hexamethylene diamine units and dicarboxylic acid units consisting of terephthalic acid units and isophthalic acid units (Novamid X-21, manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corporation)
- Example 1 Reticulated inclined structure 1 5.1 1 250 200 25
- Example 2 Reticulated inclined structure 0.6 5.2.4 220 180 20
- Example 3 finger void structure 0.2 5.20 261 198 32
- Example 4 mesh inclined structure 0.8 8.4.8 300 200 50
- Example 5 mesh inclined structure 0. 9 4.
- Example 6 Reticulated Structure 1. 7 5. 0 261 189 36
- Example 7 Finger Void Structure 0.13 2. 6 309 219 45
- Example 8 Reticulated Structure 1.
- Example 1 99.82 99.81 185 186 58 60 -8. 4 2.7 -6 1 None Wei Example 2 98. 31 98. 31 189 187 69 70 -4. 8-1. 4 1.7 None Example 3 98. 67 98. 78 181 181 72 70 -6. 0 0.
- Each of the hollow fibers of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had a membrane structure in which the inner layer was a dense layer and the outer layer was a support layer that also served as a support for the dense layer.
- Each of these support layers had the structure shown in Table 3.
- the hollow fibers produced in Examples 1 to 9 all used polyamides having an equilibrium water absorption of 10% or less as raw materials, so that the dimensional change rate after AC sterilization was low. Very small (has high dimensional stability), with little change in membrane performance. Furthermore, no sticking occurred between the hollow fiber membranes due to the hot water treatment (AC sterilization).
- the hollow fibers produced in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 used polyamides having an equilibrium water absorption of more than 10% as raw materials, resulting in insufficient dimensional stability after AC sterilization (dimensional change rate). is large), membrane performance is severely degraded (in practice, because the collapse and the leakage of the hollow fiber occurred frequently, urea clearance, 3 2 - could not be measured MG clearance and albumin rejection of).
- the hot water treatment (AC sterilization) caused sticking between the hollow fiber membranes.
- a porous membrane excellent in hot water resistance can be provided by using a polyamide as a material.
- the porous membrane obtained by the present invention has a very small dimensional change even in hot water treatment, and becomes a medical separation membrane that can be subjected to AC sterilization treatment.
- hemolysis and thrombus do not occur even when they come into contact with blood, they are particularly useful as a hemodialysis membrane among medical separation membranes.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2004521171A JP4287373B2 (ja) | 2002-07-12 | 2003-07-10 | 多孔質膜 |
EP03741308A EP1535636A4 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2003-07-10 | POROUS MEMBRANE |
US10/520,864 US7364660B2 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2003-07-10 | Porous membrane |
AU2003281177A AU2003281177A1 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2003-07-10 | Porous membrane |
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US (1) | US7364660B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1535636A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4287373B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1668349A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003281177A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI308160B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004006991A1 (ja) |
Cited By (9)
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JP2005314635A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-11-10 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 多孔質膜とその製造法及びこれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2006288414A (ja) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-26 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ポリスルホン系中空糸膜型血液浄化器 |
JP2006304827A (ja) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 血液浄化器 |
JP2006304825A (ja) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 血液浄化器 |
WO2007102528A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha | 性能安定性に優れた中空糸膜および血液浄化器および中空糸膜の製造方法 |
CN103721478A (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 苏州鑫帛泰纺织科研有限公司 | 多孔中空纤维织物 |
WO2016052647A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 樹脂発泡シート及び樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法 |
JP2017127864A (ja) * | 2017-01-31 | 2017-07-27 | ユニチカ株式会社 | 有機溶剤耐性を有するポリアミド限外濾過膜、及びその製造方法 |
JP2019048297A (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質膜 |
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EP2383031B1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2016-05-25 | Gambro Lundia AB | Use of a hollow fibre membrane in microdialysis |
EP1962993B1 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2010-12-29 | Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH | Device for analysing a fluidic sample by microdialysis and method of monitoring a parameter of a fluidic sample |
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JP6237232B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-27 | 2017-11-29 | 東レ株式会社 | 複合半透膜 |
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BR112021014918A2 (pt) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-09-28 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Sistema e método para desaeração |
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- 2003-07-10 AU AU2003281177A patent/AU2003281177A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-10 EP EP03741308A patent/EP1535636A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-10 CN CN03816443.4A patent/CN1668349A/zh active Pending
- 2003-07-10 US US10/520,864 patent/US7364660B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2005314635A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-11-10 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 多孔質膜とその製造法及びこれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI308160B (en) | 2009-04-01 |
AU2003281177A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
US7364660B2 (en) | 2008-04-29 |
US20050145561A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
TW200404841A (en) | 2004-04-01 |
EP1535636A4 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
CN1668349A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
JPWO2004006991A1 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
JP4287373B2 (ja) | 2009-07-01 |
AU2003281177A8 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
EP1535636A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
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