WO2003008526A1 - Composition de degraissage utilisable pour le degraissage et/ou la decontamination de surfaces solides - Google Patents
Composition de degraissage utilisable pour le degraissage et/ou la decontamination de surfaces solides Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003008526A1 WO2003008526A1 PCT/FR2002/002524 FR0202524W WO03008526A1 WO 2003008526 A1 WO2003008526 A1 WO 2003008526A1 FR 0202524 W FR0202524 W FR 0202524W WO 03008526 A1 WO03008526 A1 WO 03008526A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- degreasing
- composition according
- composition
- surfactant
- foam
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(O)=O BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium(iv) oxide Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Pu+4] FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940093635 tributyl phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 37
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 7
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-YPZZEJLDSA-N americium-241 Chemical compound [241Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylsulfonio)acetate Chemical compound C[S+](C)CC([O-])=O PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHWSWLZMLAMQTK-UHFFFAOYSA-J [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Pu+4] Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Pu+4] GHWSWLZMLAMQTK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N americium atom Chemical compound [Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009376 nuclear reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003608 radiolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
- G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/025—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions acidic pickling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/085—Iron or steel solutions containing HNO3
-
- C11D2111/16—
-
- C11D2111/42—
Definitions
- the invention relates to a degreasing composition, as well as to a degreasing gel and foam which comprise said composition.
- the invention also relates to a method for degreasing and / or decontaminating a surface using said composition, said gel and / or said degreasing foam.
- the present invention finds for example, but is not limited to, an application in the degreasing of surfaces, in particular of metallic surfaces such as apparatuses, components, grounds, etc. of a factory for reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuels. These surfaces are, or may be, in contact with one or more fatty substances which may be contaminated. It is therefore necessary to regularly clean these surfaces for the purpose of sanitation and / or radioactive decontamination.
- one of these substances is a solvent called tributylphosphate (TBP) which is used in the extraction cycles of radioactive metals such as uranium and plutonium. During these extraction cycles, this solvent acquires a particularly important radiochemical activity, since it can contain up to a few tens of grams. uranium and / or plutonium per liter. This solvent can then become a high activity solvent (HA solvent) or a very high activity solvent (THA solvent).
- HA solvent high activity solvent
- THA solvent very high activity solvent
- the presence of these HA and THA solvents on some of the components of irradiated fuel reprocessing plants such as mixer-settlers, extraction columns, etc. often leads to the formation of particularly organophilic metal surfaces which promote fatty deposits later. These fatty deposits are almost insensitive to rinsing with conventional aqueous solutions used in reprocessing and therefore require specific treatment.
- fatty substances likely to be found on these surfaces are the degradation products of TBP obtained by radiolysis of the solvent, such as dibutylphosphoric acid (HDBP), monobutylphosphoric acid (H 2 MBP) and the salts and complexes of these acids with metals such as uranium, plutonium and metal cations which may be present during the reprocessing of nuclear waste and in particular of spent fuel.
- HDBP dibutylphosphoric acid
- H 2 MBP monobutylphosphoric acid
- These surfaces can also be contaminated by uranium and plutonium oxides as well as nitrates compounds of these elements.
- Document FR-A-2 781 809 [1] describes degreasing compositions which can be used to degrease a metal surface having been in contact with a solvent such as TBP and / or its HDBP and H 2 MBP derivatives and their salts and complex, which includes a basic medium such as sodium hydroxide, combined with two nonionic surfactants.
- a solvent such as TBP and / or its HDBP and H 2 MBP derivatives and their salts and complex, which includes a basic medium such as sodium hydroxide, combined with two nonionic surfactants.
- This degreasing composition thus uses a basic medium which promotes a chemical attack on the fats to be eliminated by the conventional saponification reaction.
- This medium of the two surfactants makes it possible to reduce the sodium hydroxide concentration and to improve the spreading of the solution.
- the use of a basic medium has the drawback, in the nuclear field, of leading to the formation of hydroxides of radioactive metals, in particular plutonium hydroxide, which risks re-depositing on the metal surface. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out additional treatments to dissolve these hydroxides, for example by acid treatments.
- soda has the disadvantage of being not very compatible with vitreous matrices for packaging ultimate waste from the reprocessing of nuclear fuels.
- the present invention specifically relates to a degreasing composition which makes it possible to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above, thanks to the use of an acid medium.
- the liquid degreasing composition comprises an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid, containing:
- At least one first nonionic emulsifying surfactant consisting of a polyethoxylated fatty alcohol
- At least one second nonionic wetting surfactant consisting of a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
- the originality of this composition lies in the use of an inorganic acid, solvent which is little or not used in detergency.
- nitric acid which is part of the acids used in nuclear fuel reprocessing plants.
- concentration of nitric acid in the aqueous solution is chosen so as to be able to dissolve in it sufficient quantities of the first and second nonionic surfactants.
- the nitric acid concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.1 to 5 mol. L "1 .
- the surfactants used are soluble in the nitric acid solution and are chosen so as to allow high solubilization of the TBP, while leading to a solution having an appropriate cloud temperature and a controlled foaming effect.
- the first nonionic emulsifying surfactant is a polyethoxyl fatty alcohol, for example corresponding to the formula:
- n is an integer ranging from 6 to 15 and R 1 is an alkyl group of 11 to 13 carbon atoms.
- a surfactant of this type mention may be made of the product marketed by Goldschmidt (France) under the names RE OPAL X 1207 L. It statistically comprises 6 to 15 oxyethylenated units per molecule and a carbon chain comprising statistically 11 to 13 carbon atoms.
- This nonionic surfactant has a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 12.5.
- nitric medium In 5 M nitric medium, its solubility is several tens of grams at 25 ° C., for example of the order of 80 gL "1. In more concentrated nitric medium, for example 15 M, the solubility is lower, by 1 'order of 10 gL "1 .
- the second nonionic wetting surfactant used in the composition of the invention makes it possible to reduce the foamability of the surfactant system and to increase the micellization capacity of the surfactant system; it is chosen from the family of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and of propylene.
- These non-ionic surfactants are known for their good wetting properties and they also have a cloud point, which makes it possible to set a cloud temperature above which the system becomes perfectly non-foaming, by adjusting their concentration in the composition. This property is advantageous in terms of safety because it provides a simple means of controlling untimely foaming during application on an industrial scale.
- Degreasing a surface consists in particular in dissolving in the micelles formed by the association of surfactants in the aqueous solution, the substance (s) present on the surface to be degreased.
- These micelles are formed in particular with fatty alcohol, saturated or unsaturated, polyethoxyl and contain (the) fatty substance (s) solubilized (s).
- Micelles are dynamic particles that form and disintegrate constantly in the solution.
- the concentration of one of the surfactants of the composition according to the invention is too low, in particular relative to the amount of fatty substance (s) to be dissolved, the micelles can dissociate and release the substance (s) ( s) oily (s) which then redeposit (s) on degreased surfaces.
- the dissociation of the micelles is visible and results in the formation of a cloud in the solution.
- This dissociation can occur when the composition according to the invention is saturated with fatty substance (s), and / or from a certain temperature.
- the saturation of the composition according to the invention with a fatty substance can be demonstrated by measuring the "cloud point" of this composition.
- the cloud point is expressed in degrees Celsius (° C).
- the cloud point of a nonionic surfactant corresponds to a partial dehydration of the hydrophilic chain, and this results, if the temperature of the cloud point is reached, by the phase separation, that is to say the demixing surfactant. If the cloud point reaches room temperature, this can lead to redeposition of the fatty substance on the degreased surfaces at room temperature. It is therefore preferable for the cloud point of the composition to be higher than the temperature used for degreasing, for example around 20 ° C., when the degreasing is carried out at ambient temperature or a temperature above 20 ° C. A high cloud point also indicates a high capacity for dissolving a fatty substance.
- the measurement of the cloud point therefore makes it possible in particular to measure the degreasing efficiency of the composition according to the invention.
- This degreasing efficiency can also be measured by measuring the wettability of this surface.
- the concentration of the second wetting surfactant of the composition is chosen to obtain a cloud point higher than the temperature at which the degreasing will be carried out.
- the second wetting surfactant preferably consists of a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide comprising from 1 to 8 ethylene oxide units and from 3 to 12 propylene oxide units.
- ANTAROX FM 33 As an example of a block copolymer of this type which can be used in the invention, mention may be made of the product sold by Rhodia under the name ANTAROX FM 33.
- the proportion of each of the surfactants is determined according to the following criteria:
- concentrations are preferably chosen such that the total concentration of surfactants in the composition is in the range from 1 to 20 gL "1 .
- the mass ratio of the first emulsifying surfactant (s) to the second wetting surfactant (s) is from 2 to 10, preferably about 4.
- a third surfactant can be added to the degreasing composition of the invention, constituted for example by a phosphoric ester, in order to reduce the foamability of the surfactant system.
- This phosphoric ester can correspond to the formula C 5 H 17 OOP (OR 2 ) 2 in which R 2 is a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a third surfactant of this type mention may be made of the product marketed by Quarré
- the foamability of the surfactant system can also be reduced by adding to the composition 0 to 0.5 gL "1 of tributyl phosphate (TBP) to take advantage of the high anti-foaming power due to the hydrophobicity of the molecule. TBP.
- TBP can therefore be used at very low concentrations as an anti-foaming agent for very specific applications linked to untimely foaming during the application of the treatment, in particular during the transfer of the liquid compositions into the pumping organs of the plant. It can also be incorporated from the manufacture of the composition.
- This solution has the advantage, in the case of an application to nuclear reprocessing, of not requiring the addition of a chemical additive of composition different from those already present in the equipment.
- the liquid degreasing composition of the invention is particularly advantageous because it allows the simultaneous solubilization of fats (TBP, HDBP, H 2 MBP as well, a priori as the U and Pu complexes of DBP and MBP) and of oxides in especially uranium or plutonium oxides as well as nitrates compounds derived from these elements and insoluble in soda medium. It also makes it possible to ensure the solubilization of any corrosion products of the metal surface, by carrying out the treatment in a single step.
- the liquid degreasing composition of the invention can be used in this form and used in various ways, for example in the form of soaking baths or by spraying.
- One can also use the liquid degreasing composition of the invention in the form of a foam by associating it with a gaseous phase.
- one or more additives chosen from those described in FR-A-2 679 458 [2] can be added to the foam.
- Both the foam and the degreasing liquid can be used for degreasing and / or decontaminating a surface, by bringing the surface into contact with the foam or the liquid in order to extract therefrom the products contaminating this surface.
- the formulation can be used in the form of foam and circulated for cleaning the enclosure.
- the proposed formulation and the proportions indicated are compatible with the use of the product in the form of foam. However, we will place our in the upper range of the concentrations indicated for the two main surfactants.
- the foamability of the system can also be reinforced or altered by adding third-party products such as, for example, those described in reference [2]. Thus, destabilization may be obtained by adding Amonyl 675 SB marketed by SEPPIC (sulfo betaine) up to 1.5% by mass.
- SEPPIC sulfo betaine
- the stability of the foam can be reinforced by the addition of a viscosant, for example xanthan gum in mass proportions of less than 0.2%.
- the implementation of the foam can also be carried out as described in references [2] and [3].
- the contacting can be carried out by circulating the foam in the enclosure. It is also possible to spray the foam using an applicator, for example a foam cannon, or else to use the techniques described in documents FR-A-2 679 458 [2] and FR-A-2 773 725 [ 3] to generate and apply the foam.
- the degreasing composition in the form of gel, by adding to it an appropriate inorganic viscosifying agent such as alumina or silica.
- the gel can be applied to the surface to be decontaminated using an applicator, for example with a brush or by spraying with a lance.
- an applicator for example with a brush or by spraying with a lance.
- the gel can be applied to the surface to be decontaminated by spraying with a spray gun, by soaking and draining, by packaging or even by means of a brush. It can then be removed from the surface by peeling it off with a simple water rinse, for example by means of a water jet.
- the gel is applied by spraying with a gun, for example under a pressure (AIRLESS compressor) at the level of the injector ranging from 500 to 1000 N.cm "2.
- the invention also relates to a decontamination process and / or degreasing a surface which consists in bringing the surface into contact with a liquid composition, a foam or a gel in accordance with the invention, in order to extract from this composition, this foam or this gel, the products contaminating this surface .
- contaminating products can be one or more of the following products: tributyl phosphate (TBP), dibutylphosphoric acid (HDBP), monobutylphosphoric acid (H 2 MBP) and their salts and complexes of uranium, plutonium and radioactive metals, and oxides and nitrates of uranium and plutonium.
- TBP tributyl phosphate
- HDBP dibutylphosphoric acid
- H 2 MBP monobutylphosphoric acid
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the evolution of the apparent solubility of TBP, S TBP (in gL “1 ) as a function of the concentration of nitric acid in the medium (mol.L “ 1 ), in the case of a solution nitric acid alone and in the case of a composition of degreasing according to the invention consisting of HN0 3 containing 8 gL "1 of RE OPAL and 2 gL " 1 of ANTAROX.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating for comparison the evolution of the apparent solubility of TBP, S TB p (in gL “1 ) as a function of the NaOH concentration (mol.L “ 1 ) of a composition comprising the same surfactants at the same concentrations as the composition of FIG. 1, replacing HN0 3 with NaOH.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are curves illustrating the degreasing kinetics of a degreasing composition of the invention in 1 M nitric medium (FIG. 3) and of a degreasing composition of the invention in 5 M nitric medium (FIG. 4), or the evolution of the contact angle A c (°) as a function of the soaking time t (s).
- FIG. 5 is a histogram illustrating the effect of the degreasing compositions of the invention and the effect of a solution of pure nitric acid or of a solution of pure sodium hydroxide on the decontamination in americium of metal surfaces, expressed in surface activity 241 Am (Bq / cm 2 ) before and after decontamination.
- nitric acid concentration of a degreasing composition of the invention comprising 8 gL "1 of the first surfactant, REWOPAL X1207 L, and 2 gL " 1 of the second surfactant ANTAROX FM 33 is studied. So tests are carried out on the solubilization of TBP in nitric acid solutions whose nitric acid concentrations vary from 0.5 to 5 M, which contain the amounts given above of surfactants, by adding TBP in the composition up to 'at the onset of a persistent disorder.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the evolution of the apparent solubility S TB p (in gL “1 ) as a function of the concentration of HN0 3 (in mol.L “ 1 ). It is thus noted that in both cases the maximum apparent solubility is observed for an acid concentration of the order of 1 mol.L “1 , and that the gain due to the addition of surfactants to the composition of the invention is by a factor of 12 compared to the nitric medium alone.
- TBP is dissolved in the micelles formed by the combination of surfactants in the composition. These micelles appear for surfactant concentrations higher than the critical micelle concentration (CMC).
- CMC critical micelle concentration
- the hydrophobic core of the micelle acts as a microreactor allowing the solubilization of organic solvents. The apparent solubility resulting from the incorporation of the organic matter in the micelles is then much higher than the true solubility of TBP in the reference medium, as it appears from FIG. 1.
- composition No. 1 1 M nitric acid, REWOPAL
- a stainless steel blade 304 L initially clean is covered with a deposit composed of a mixture of TBP, HDBP and H 2 MBP in the following mass proportions: TBP 70%, HDBP 18%, H2MBP 12%.
- An indirect measurement of initial contact angle is then carried out using a Krùss K12 type blade tensiometer. The evolution of the contact angle is then followed after soaking the blade in the degreasing composition. A zero contact angle corresponds to perfect degreasing.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the evolution of the contact angle A c (in °) as a function of the soaking time t
- FIG. 4 illustrates the evolution of the contact angle A c (in degrees) as a function of the soaking time t (in seconds) for several tests carried out with composition No. 2.
- the initial mass of the deposit was 45 + 4 mg.
- Example 3 Reduction of foaming by adding a third-party product
- the presence of TBP has a strong anti-foaming power.
- the anti-foaming power of TBP is evaluated. This evaluation is carried out using a column filled with solution into which air is introduced through a frit to form a foam. The experiment is stopped when a predefined maximum time is reached (here 280 seconds) or when the maximum height available on the column is reached (here 26 cm). The maximum height of foam obtained or the time necessary to obtain it is determined (Table 1, 3rd column) as well as the time taken by the foam to fall from a height equal to half the maximum height reached (Table 1, 4th column). These tests are carried out with compositions no. 1 and no. 2 of the previous example by adding 0.6 or 0.05 gL "1 of TBP to them.
- Example 4 Decontamination of metal parts contaminated with americium 241
- the parts contaminated with americium-241 are immersed in the following degreasing compositions:
- Composition No. 3 HN0 3 5M, ANTAROX 2 gL "1 ,
- REWOPAL 8 gL -1 Composition No. 4 HN0 3 0.5 M, ANTAROX 2 gL "1 ,
- the tests are carried out with different initial activity levels in 241 Am.
- the final surface activity is then determined in 241 Am (in Bq / cm 2 ) of the parts after this treatment.
- the results obtained are given in the form of a histogram in FIG. 5, which also indicates the initial surface activity of the parts in 241 Am (in Bq / cm 2 ).
- the decontamination factor FD is determined, ie the ratio of the initial activity to the final activity of the parts. The values obtained are given in FIG. 5.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02764987A EP1412464B1 (fr) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Composition de degraissage utilisable pour le degraissage et/ou la decontamination de surfaces solides |
JP2003514071A JP2004535509A (ja) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | 固形表面の脱脂及び/または汚染除去用脱脂組成物 |
UA2004010351A UA76161C2 (en) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Degreasing composition, foam and gel on its basis and a method for degreasing and/or decontaminating surfaces (variants) |
US10/484,277 US20040163671A1 (en) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Degreasing composition useful for degreasing and/or decontaminating solid surfaces |
DE60207723T DE60207723T2 (de) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Entfettungsmittel zum entfetten und/oder dekontaminieren der harten oberflächen |
AT02764987T ATE311431T1 (de) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Entfettungsmittel zum entfetten und/oder dekontaminieren der harten oberflächen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/09519 | 2001-07-17 | ||
FR0109519A FR2827610B1 (fr) | 2001-07-17 | 2001-07-17 | Composition de degraissage utilisable pour le degraissage et/ou la decontamination de surfaces solides |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003008526A1 true WO2003008526A1 (fr) | 2003-01-30 |
Family
ID=8865597
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002524 WO2003008526A1 (fr) | 2001-07-17 | 2002-07-16 | Composition de degraissage utilisable pour le degraissage et/ou la decontamination de surfaces solides |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040163671A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1412464B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004535509A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1244676C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE311431T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60207723T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2252507T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2827610B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2004104466A (fr) |
UA (1) | UA76161C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003008526A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2891470B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-11-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Gel aspirable pour la decontamination de surfaces et utilisation |
WO2013167150A1 (fr) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-14 | Bentley Instruments S.A.R.L. | Réactif pour la clarification d'émulsions et procédé de clarification |
CN103215141B (zh) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-29 | 西南科技大学 | 可完全消泡的放射性核素生物质泡沫去污剂及其使用方法 |
CL2014003398A1 (es) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-08-07 | Leyton Nelson Roberto Osses | Composición limpiadora que remueve y previene la incrustación y reincrustación de superficies metálicas; y metodo para remover y prevenir las incrustaciones de superficies metalicas. |
DE102015201791A1 (de) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Verfahren zum Brünieren von Wälzlagerringen |
KR102662013B1 (ko) | 2017-07-04 | 2024-04-30 | 아토테크 도이칠란트 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 | 금속 표면을 세정하기 위한 폴리옥시알킬렌 비이온성 계면활성제의 혼합물을 포함하는 세정 용액 |
AU2018357917A1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Environmentally compatible detergents for inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses |
CN111206253A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 艺康美国股份有限公司 | 用来增强污垢去除的酸性cip/cop清洗组合物 |
CN111020604A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 奎克化学(中国)有限公司 | 用于超高压喷淋的水基清洗剂及其制备方法和用途 |
CN112553634A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-26 | 哈尔滨哈飞航空工业有限责任公司 | 用于不锈钢刷涂钝化的除油膏、钝化膏及其制备方法 |
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SU926077A1 (ru) * | 1980-04-24 | 1982-05-07 | Уральский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности | Раствор дл одновременного травлени и обезжиривани биметалла "медь-сталь |
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DE3119538A1 (de) * | 1981-05-16 | 1982-12-02 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Reinigung von oberflaechen aus anodisch oxidiertem aluminium und dessen legierungen |
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DE19914811A1 (de) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Enzym- und bleichaktivatorhaltige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
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FR2796392B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-15 | 2003-09-19 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Composition nettoyante comprenant un polymere hydrosoluble ou hydrodispersable |
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ATE332955T1 (de) * | 2000-05-24 | 2006-08-15 | Procter & Gamble | Gewebeweichmacherzusammensetzung mit geruchskontrollmittel |
ES2270974T3 (es) * | 2001-03-26 | 2007-04-16 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Procedimiento para limpiar una superficie dura. |
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2001
- 2001-07-17 FR FR0109519A patent/FR2827610B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-07-16 AT AT02764987T patent/ATE311431T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-16 CN CNB028182081A patent/CN1244676C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-16 JP JP2003514071A patent/JP2004535509A/ja active Pending
- 2002-07-16 UA UA2004010351A patent/UA76161C2/uk unknown
- 2002-07-16 RU RU2004104466/04A patent/RU2004104466A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-16 EP EP02764987A patent/EP1412464B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-16 ES ES02764987T patent/ES2252507T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-16 DE DE60207723T patent/DE60207723T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-16 US US10/484,277 patent/US20040163671A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-16 WO PCT/FR2002/002524 patent/WO2003008526A1/fr active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE311431T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
DE60207723T2 (de) | 2006-08-03 |
EP1412464B1 (fr) | 2005-11-30 |
FR2827610B1 (fr) | 2005-09-02 |
JP2004535509A (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
CN1555408A (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
RU2004104466A (ru) | 2005-07-10 |
EP1412464A1 (fr) | 2004-04-28 |
DE60207723D1 (de) | 2006-01-05 |
US20040163671A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
CN1244676C (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
FR2827610A1 (fr) | 2003-01-24 |
ES2252507T3 (es) | 2006-05-16 |
UA76161C2 (en) | 2006-07-17 |
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