Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
  • A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
  • A61K9/7038—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer
  • A61K9/7046—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/7053—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene
  • A61K9/7061—Polyacrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/465—Nicotine; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
  • A61P25/34—Tobacco-abuse

Definitions

• Nicotine-containing transdermal therapeutic systems have been described both on the market and in many patents. Examples include: EP-A 708 627, EP-A 366240, EP-A 720 474, US-A 5,364,630, WO 95/24172, WO 94/04109, WO 00/33812, WO 88/01516. Furthermore, reference is made to the market leading TTS products Nicotinell ® (in the USA Habitrol ® ), Nicorette ® (in the USA Nicotrol ® ) and Nicoderm ® .
• Nicotine is quite volatile. This complicates those manufacturing processes that
• Nicotine is a strong plasticizer or solvent for polymers and
• the softening properties of nicotine prove to be particularly problematic for the use of acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives, since they already have a lower glass transition temperature in pure form, to which they owe their high spontaneous tackiness to human skin. This leads to a critical soft consistency even at low concentrations of nicotine, which results in lubrication, stringing and, in general, inadequate machine and manual handling of the adhesive films.
• nicotine-resistant polymers have a relatively high molecular weight and / or should be distinguished by a glass transition temperature which is relatively high for pressure-sensitive adhesives.
• the polymers commonly used for TTS production this is least the case for the acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives to be processed with solvents.
• the object of the present invention was to provide a thin and highly flexible nicotine TTS which has significantly improved wearing properties compared to conventional nicotine TTS. Furthermore, the structure of the system should be made as simple as possible and production using a solvent-based coating should be made possible.
• a transdermal therapeutic system which contains nicotine and optionally other active substances and / or auxiliary substances which attack the central nervous system and which comprises a backing layer (1) which is impermeable to nicotine and the other active substances and auxiliary substances and preferably also to water vapor, one directly to the back layer bordering nicotine-containing matrix intermediate layer (2), a further nicotine-containing matrix layer (3) and a removable protective film (4) and is characterized in that all matrix layers are made up of solvent-based (meth) acrylate copolymers, the Thickness of these layers (ie only the matrix layers together with the back layer, i.e. without the protective film (4)) does not exceed a total of 250 ⁇ m. Solvent-based (meth) acrylate copolymers are therefore used in the transdermal therapeutic systems according to the invention without the need to add strengthening layers of foreign polymers or supporting bodies such as paper and nonwoven.
• (meth) acrylate copolymers is understood to mean copolymers of acrylates and / or methacrylates, that is to say alkyl esters whose alkyl radical appropriately contains 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4, carbon atoms. Such copolymers can also be produced with the additional use of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid.
• the property "can be processed with solvent” means that the (meth) acrylate copolymers are soluble or swellable in organic solvents to such an extent that they can be poured out without problems.
• (Meth) acrylate copolymers which have this ability preferably those which do not have a molecular weight above about 400 kDa
• a sharp limit cannot be assigned here, since the solubility of (meth) acrylate copolymers can be influenced, for example, by adding certain auxiliaries.
• the transdermal therapeutic system is advantageously loaded with nicotine to the extent that it contains at least 1.5 mg nicotine per cm 2 of application area.
• the system is designed such that 0.7 to 1.4 mg and preferably 1.0 to 1.4 mg of nicotine per cm 2 of skin are released within 24, preferably within 16 hours.
• the nicotine-containing matrix intermediate layer (2) is advantageously based on a polymer from the group of (meth) acrylate copolymers, preferably butyl methacrylate (2- dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) -methyl methacrylate copolymer, especially one with a molar ratio of 1: 2: 1, or a butyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
• the nicotine-containing matrix layer (3) is the adhesive layer on the skin side (adhesive layer).
• This is preferably constructed on the basis of acrylate copolymers which still contain unesterified carboxyl groups, which originate from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and e.g. B. have an acid number of 20 to 100 mg KOH per g of polymer and which can be neutralized in whole or in part by one or more basic additives.
• Such copolymers are particularly resistant to plasticizers and, if they are - preferably partially - neutralized, have very good release properties for the nicotine.
• These transdermal therapeutic systems can surprisingly be made thin and have an astonishingly high degree of flexibility even in comparison with similarly thin competitive products. It is surprising that the invention makes it possible for the first time to produce such thin and yet highly flexible nicotine TTS, the flexural strength of which is not more than 2 cN x cm 2 .
• Additives to the carboxyl group-containing acrylate copolymers are, for example, alkali metal hydroxides, preferably potassium hydroxide, or basic polymers, preferably the already mentioned butyl methacrylate (2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) methyl methacrylate copolymer.
• the carboxyl-containing acrylate copolymer is cross-linked by aluminum or titanium ions.
• the TTS according to the invention there is also expediently at least one strongly water-binding auxiliary, preferably a polymer containing carboxyl groups or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
• auxiliary preferably an auxiliary from the group of the sodium or calcium salts of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose or cross-linked polyacrylic acid, this auxiliary being expediently in powder form in one or more of the Matrix layers are dispersed.
• the content of the water-binding component in the matrix is generally 1 to 10% (m / m), preferably 2 to 4% (m / m).
• active substances and / or auxiliaries which attack the central nervous system are those which have already been described in the prior art in connection with nicotine for transdermal therapeutic systems, e.g. B. stability-promoting agents such as conventional antioxidants, preferably vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate.
• this new formulation is associated with a nicotine-TTS dispensing performance at least equivalent or even superior to the products on the market per area and time. This is confirmed by further comparative examinations, which are also described below.
• FIG. 1 A shows a typical system structure for a matrix TTS according to the invention.
• a matrix intermediate layer (2) follows a back layer (1), which is preferably impermeable to water vapor. This is followed by an adhesive matrix layer (3).
• the pressure-sensitive adhesive surface of (3) is covered with a protective film (4) which is removed before the TTS is used.
• FIG. T.B a system structure as shown in FIG. T.B can also be useful.
• the matrix intermediate layer (2) which is not designed over the entire surface is z. B. introduced by printing.
• the pressure-sensitive adhesive matrix layer (3) is at the edge in direct connection with the back layer (1) and thus forms a final outer edge opposite the intermediate matrix layer (2).
• Polymers which are suitable for thickening the volatile constituent have already been named in DE-A 43 32 094. Such polymers are preferably not pressure sensitive, since pressure sensitive polymers are practically not commercially available without solvents and are difficult to process in pure form.
• Polymers based on methacrylic acid or its esters have proven to be particularly suitable for the present invention.
• Typical representatives of this polymer group such as the Eudragit ® types, in particular Eudragit ® E, or Plastoid ® B, both products from Röhm GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany, have only a moderate thickening effect in solution. This is desirable because in this way the polymer content of the solution can be kept relatively high initially, generally between 20 and 40% (m / m). In the course of the establishment of equilibrium in the further course, the solution can rapidly solidify to form a cohesive polymer film of sufficient thickness and strength.
• polymethacrylates show good Anchoring properties on sheet-like supports made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which in turn represent the preferred material for backing layers of TTS.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• the active ingredient content of the nicotine solution used can, in addition to the polymer it contains, also be reduced if necessary by adding further auxiliaries. This can be useful for coordinating the nicotine entry into the system per area, but also for setting a suitable viscosity for the coating with this solution. Furthermore, such additives can improve the tackiness and, after the system has reached equilibrium, increase the adhesion of the individual layers in the composite. Such additives may preferably, but without being exhaustive: triglycerides of saturated fatty acids (eg Miglyol ® 812) (.
• a mixed acid triglyceride of fractionated coconut fatty acids from Degussa, Germany monoglycerides of fatty acids (for example, glycerol monolaurate or glycerol monooleate), esters of methanol, Ethanol, isopropanol or propylene glycol with fatty acids (e.g. isopropyl palmitate) as well as hard and soft resins in the form of derivatives of abietic acid.
• Films with low nicotine permeability are preferred as suitable materials for the back layer of the TTS.
• These are, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, e.g. B. Hostaphan ® from Mitsubishi (PET) or thermoplastic acrylonitrile copolymers such as those obtained by graft polymerization of 73-77 parts of acrylonitrile and 23-27 parts of methyl acrylate in the presence of 8-18 parts of butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer with 70% Butadiene (parts and percentages are based on weight) are obtained and sold under the name Barex ® (formerly: brand of Vistron Corp., Cleveland, Ohio, USA; now BP), (see M. Th. Schuler in Kunststoffe-Plastics, 9/1974, pages 13-20). These films can be painted for cosmetic reasons. If necessary, aluminization can be applied to protect the nicotine-containing matrix layers from light. Comparative tests on flexibility
• the DIN 53362 determination method of the flexural strength (Cantilever method) of plastic foils and textile fabrics was used and for this purpose a measuring device from Richard Hess MBV GmbH, 47663 Sonsbeck, which complies with the standard , Germany used.
• a strip-shaped sample of the product to be tested is pushed freely into the room over an edge. With increasing overhang length, the flat product bends down under the influence of its own weight. The overhang length at which a predetermined bending angle of 41 ° 30 'is reached is noted and, depending on the weight of the sample, converted into a measured value for bending strength in the unit [cN x cm 2 ].
• Strips cut from finished TTS were used as test specimens.
• the length of the test specimens had to be limited to the length available from commercial products, in deviation from the 250 mm length specification in the DIN specification (the actual lengths of the test specimens were between 40 and 70 mm).
• the protective film of the adhesive layer was removed from the test specimens before the measurement.
• the adhesive layer was made in accordance with the above. DIN regulation powdered with talc until it no longer stuck.
• the flexural strength of each test specimen was determined in both directions, ie in a first measurement with the backing layer facing upwards and in a second measurement with the backing layer pointing downwards. This was in view of the fact that a TTS should typically be flexible in both directions when worn on the skin.
• a new nicotine TTS according to Example 1 according to the invention was compared with three nicotine TTS on the market and also with two estradiol-containing ones Products available on the market that served as a positive reference for high flexibility and comfort for the user.
• Nicotine-TTS A refers to the product Nicorette®, a brand of Pharmacia & Upjohn GmbH, Nicotine-TTS B on Nicoderm ® CQ, a brand of SmithKline Beecham Consumer Healthcare LP (USA), Nicotine-TTS C on Nicotine
• Estradiol-TTS E refers to Dermestril ® , a trademark of Rottapharm srl (Monza, Italy), and Estradiol-TTS F to Fem7®, a trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
• Direction A means a measurement of the test specimen with the TTS back layer facing downwards.
• direction B measurements were carried out with the backing layer on top.
• the nicotine TTS according to the invention has a significantly lower flexural strength than the TTS compared with the
• the flexural strength of the nicotine TTS according to the invention is also very significantly below that of the nicotine TTS A. Both systems differ only insignificantly in thickness (nicotine TTS A approx. 238 ⁇ m, nicotine TTS according to the invention approx. 218 ⁇ m)
• This is coated by a coating unit on a sheet of 19 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate with a basis weight of 54 g / m 2 .
• the coating product is immediately laminated together in process step 2 with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the composition according to Table 3 and a layer thickness of 144 g / m 2 .
• the product obtained is heated to 60 ° C for 10 minutes and then wound on a roll. This product is further processed in the usual way by slitting and punching into TTS immediately or even after intermediate storage.
• the adhesive layer according to Table 3 is produced in a conventional, solvent-containing coating process with subsequent Drying.
• a mixture of ethyl acetate, methanol and acetylacetone was used as the solvent.
• the coating was carried out on a siliconized protective film made of polyethylene terephthalate (100 ⁇ m Hostaphan ® film).
• the TTS obtained has an active substance content of approximately 1.75 mg nicotine per cm 2
• the thickness of the system according to the invention is only approximately 218 ⁇ m (without
• the inventive nicotine TTS of Example 1 was in a pharmacokinetic study in humans (healthy 6 male subjects successively invention that and apply the comparator product - cross-over design) with a nicotine TTS D (Nicotinell ® TTS Novartis Consumer Health Care SA, Basel Switzerland).
• the areas shown in FIG. 2 below the plasma level curve demonstrate a superiority of the inventive nicotine TTS in the order of magnitude of 140%, based on TTS of the same area. This corresponds to a release rate of approx. 1 mg nicotine per cm 2 in 24 hours, compared to the value of 0.7 mg per cm 2 declared in 24 hours for nicotine TTS D.
• Example 2 A printing method is known from EP-B 0 303025, by means of which nicotine can be introduced into the individual TTS. With the help of this principle, with the aid of a printing unit from Tampoprint, the active ingredient solution according to Table 4 was directly printed onto a surface of a pressure-sensitive adhesive of the composition according to Table 5. Approx. 25 mg nicotine solution was printed on an adhesive surface of approx. 6 cm 2 . The weight per unit area of the PSA layer according to Table 5 was 144 g / m 2 . i
• the printed adhesive layer was immediately covered with a
• Back layer made of polyethylene terephthalate (15 ⁇ m Hostaphan film) covered and mechanically laminated together. The printed areas were punched out of this composite with a round punch. It was a
• Diameter of the die cut of about 4 mm excess (corresponding to about 8 cm 2 area) compared to the diameter of the printed area.
• a system according to FIG. 1B was thus produced. During storage, the nicotine was balanced within all layers of the TTS.
• the adhesive layer according to Table 5 is produced in a conventional, solvent-containing coating process with subsequent drying.
• a mixture of ethyl acetate, methanol and acetylacetone was used as the solvent.
• the coating was carried out on a siliconized protective film made of polyethylene terephthalate (100 ⁇ m Hostaphan ® film).

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• 2001
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