WO2001008473A1 - Compresse de refroidissement pour jambe de cheval - Google Patents
Compresse de refroidissement pour jambe de cheval Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001008473A1 WO2001008473A1 PCT/JP2000/004828 JP0004828W WO0108473A1 WO 2001008473 A1 WO2001008473 A1 WO 2001008473A1 JP 0004828 W JP0004828 W JP 0004828W WO 0108473 A1 WO0108473 A1 WO 0108473A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- cooling sheet
- cooling
- water
- aluminum
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K13/00—Devices for grooming or caring of animals, e.g. curry-combs; Fetlock rings; Tail-holders; Devices for preventing crib-biting; Washing devices; Protection against weather conditions or insects
- A01K13/006—Protective coverings
- A01K13/007—Leg, hoof or foot protectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
- A61F7/10—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
Definitions
- the present invention is intended to prevent and / or treat periosteitis and flexor tendonitis mainly by applying it to the lower leg of a limb after training or racing of a competitive horse and cooling the metacarpal bone and flexor tendon for a long time.
- the competition horses who can challenge extreme speeds are generally between the ages of three and six years old, and while still in their growth stages, they are trained and raced to near physiological limits.
- a horse weighing 400 to 500 kg is expected to apply a load of several tons to one limb.
- the impact received by the hooves is lower than the upper legs (the human shin).
- the calf and there are many disorders such as fractures, periosteitis and tendonitis.
- Horse bone growth begins at the distal phalanx, which makes up the hooves, the ossification progresses to the upper leg, and it is said that bone matures only at the end of the 5-year-old spine.
- Tubular periosteitis is seen when an immature, young 3-year-old horse is trained for the first race and is thought to be caused by excessive force on the dorsal aspect of the canal.
- Tendonitis occurs in the forelimbs and hindlimbs, but more often in the forelimbs than in the hindlimbs, and is said to be an incurable disease.
- Tendonitis occurs when tendon fibers rupture due to overextension of the tendon during running.
- An object of the present invention is to equip the lower leg of a horse's limb to cool the metacarpal and / or tendon tendon for a long time, and to prevent and / or treat periosteitis and tendonitis. cold To provide a rejection sheet. More specifically, when applied to horse limbs, it must have appropriate adhesiveness and peelability, have appropriate cooling power and sustained cooling effect, and be able to cool horse limbs simply and safely. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling tool that can.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, formed a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing a highly water-absorbent resin, water, and an oily component on one surface of a nonwoven fabric support having water retention.
- the cooling sheet When the cooling sheet is applied to the horse's limb, the water in the cooling sheet evaporates during application, and the heat of vaporization causes a rapid decrease in skin temperature immediately after application, even without the addition of a cooling stimulant.
- the cooling effect lasts for about 6 hours, and the cooling sheet has sufficient adhesive strength at the time of application, and the oily component emerges on the surface of the adhesive layer during application, making it easy to complete at the end of the cooling treatment.
- the present invention has been completed based on these findings.
- the present invention relates to a cooling sheet to be attached to a lower leg of a horse limb,
- (b) Contains 60 to 85% by weight of water (the ratio indicates% by weight based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer), and further includes polyhydric alcohols, oily components, polyacrylates, highly water-absorbent resins, and aluminum
- a cooling sheet for affixing to the lower leg of a horse limb a cooling sheet for affixing to the lower leg of a horse limb
- a cooling sheet containing 60 to 85% by weight of water, 5 to 15% by weight of a polyhydric alcohol, 1 to 5% by weight of an oily component, 3 to 8% by weight of a polyacrylate, 0.5 33% by weight of superabsorbent resin, 0.5-4% by weight of light anhydrous silicic acid, 0.33-0.15% by weight of aluminum salt, and 0.5-1.5% by weight of oxy
- a cooling sheet containing an acid and comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided on the support (the ratio of each component is represented by% by weight based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer).
- the cooling sheet is formed by covering the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with a water-impermeable film. It is supplied in a state of being cut, and is used after being cut into a size of about 20 to 400 111 on a long side and about 14 to 30 cm on a short side.
- the cooling sheet wherein the support comprises a super absorbent fiber and a polyester fiber, or is a non-woven fabric having a water retention property containing the polyester fiber;
- One or more oxycarboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of citric acid and lactic acid, and the above-mentioned cooling sheet which is preferably tartaric acid; the polyhydric alcohol being glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and dicarboxylic acid
- the cooling sheet is provided, which is a mixture with one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of cooling test 1 in which the lower leg of a horse's forelimb was cooled using the cooling sheet of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of a cooling test 2 in which the cooling sheet of Example 1 was affixed to the lower leg of a horse's forelimb, and water was further applied from above the fixed bandage.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of a cooling test 3 in which the cooling sheet of Example 3 was affixed to the lower leg of a horse's forelimb, and the fixed bandage was further wetted with water.
- the affected part is cooled by utilizing heat of vaporization taken away by evaporation of water, so that the larger the amount of water contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the greater the cooling effect, and this cooling effect is sustained.
- 60 to 85% by weight, preferably 65 to 75% by weight, particularly preferably 72 to 74% by weight of water can be incorporated into the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. If the amount is less than 60% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient cooling power, and if the amount exceeds 85% by weight, the adhesive strength, shape retention, and usability during drying may be reduced.
- a polyhydric alcohol in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the cooling sheet, 5 to 15% by weight of a polyhydric alcohol can be blended for the purpose of adjusting the evaporation rate of water and preventing deterioration of usability during drying.
- polyhydric alcohols it is preferable to incorporate glycerin, which enhances the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer and exhibits strong moisturizing properties, in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight. If the blending amount of glycerin is less than 3% by weight, the moisturizing effect cannot be sufficiently exerted, so that the drying may be fast, and the cooling may not be maintained for a long period of time. It can also cause skin irritation. On the other hand, if the amount is more than 1% by weight, the adhesive force is too strong at the time of peeling, and a large amount of hair is pulled out, which may cause folliculitis.
- one or more polyhydric alcohols selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol are blended by weight. Since these materials have a lower viscosity than glycerin, they can disperse the water-soluble polymer raw material in a small amount, and have less moisturizing power than glycerin, so that the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer after evaporation of water is smaller than that of glycerin. It has the characteristic of not strengthening. If it is less than 2% by weight, it may be insufficient for the above purpose, and if it is more than 5% by weight, it may be separated from the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer over time.
- an oil component is mixed into the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for the purpose of weakening the adhesive force at the time of peeling.
- the type of the oil component is not particularly limited as long as it can achieve the above-mentioned purpose, and examples thereof include hydrocarbons such as light liquid paraffin, squalane, and liquid polyisobutylene, olive oil, apogado oil, and safflower oil. Vegetable oils, esters such as diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl palmitate and isopropyl myristate can be used.
- Light liquid parasol as an oily component that is easy to emulsify and is inexpensive and does not irritate Fins can be suitably used.
- polyacrylate sodium polyacrylate and / or partially neutralized polyacrylic acid can be used. If the amount of the polyacrylate is less than 3% by weight, the shape retention may be deteriorated. If the amount exceeds 8% by weight, the viscosity may increase during the preparation and it may be difficult to prepare uniformly.
- starch / acrylic acid graft polymer partial sodium salt (starch acrylate: acrylic acid to starch) Partial sodium salt of a polymer obtained by graft polymerization of a small amount of methylene bisacrylamide and trade name, such as Sunwet IM100 (Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)) Crosslinking of sodium acrylic acid polymer partial sodium salt Objects and the like can be used. If the amount of the superabsorbent resin is less than 0.5% by weight, the above purpose may not be achieved. If the amount exceeds 3% by weight, the viscosity of the adhesive plaster decreases and the uniform adhesive Layers may not be obtained.
- 0.5 to 4% by weight, preferably 2 to 3% by weight, of light caffeic anhydride is added to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- light caffeic anhydride By blending light anhydrous silicic acid, the stringiness caused by the aqueous solution of polyacrylate is reduced to improve the spreadability.At the same time, after forming into a sheet, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is removed from the support before aging. Exudation can be prevented.
- the light silicic anhydride holds polyhydric alcohols and oily components, and functions to prevent these from floating on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and reducing the adhesive strength.
- the polymer film formed is hardened by retaining polyhydric alcohols as plasticizers.
- the oily component is raised to the surface to reduce the adhesive strength, and acts so that the hair can be easily peeled off without removing the hair at the time of peeling. If the amount of the light silicic anhydride is less than 0.5% by weight, the above purpose may not be achieved, and if it exceeds 4% by weight, the workability may be deteriorated.
- an aluminum salt is added, depending on the amount of the polyacrylate, and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of oxyacid, preferably tartaric acid. Then, the eluted aluminum is cross-linked with polyacrylate to form a gel insolubilized in water by the action of carboxylic acid such as acetic acid, citric acid or lactic acid.
- carboxylic acid such as acetic acid, citric acid or lactic acid.
- the aluminum salt include one or more aluminum salts selected from the group consisting of dried aluminum hydroxide gel, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, aluminum acetate, aluminum chloride, aluminum glycinal, and alum. Salts are selected and blended. Of these, dry aluminum hydroxide gel is particularly preferred. Polyvalent metal salts such as zinc, calcium, copper, lead, iron and tin can be used in combination with or instead of aluminum salts.
- an acid having a hydroxyl group such as an organic acid such as oxycarboxylic acid or an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid
- an organic acid such as oxycarboxylic acid or an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid
- one kind selected from lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid or the like can be used.
- Two or more oxycarboxylic acids and / or phosphoric acid can be selected and blended. Of these, it is preferable to use tartaric acid alone, or to use tartaric acid and phosphoric acid in combination.
- a preservative can be added to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as needed.
- a combination of paraoxybenzoic acid esters for example, a combination of methyl paraoxybenzoate and propyl paraoxybenzoate is effective.
- a solubilizing agent when a preservative is blended for example, a solvent that well dissolves paraoxybenzoic acid ester and is miscible with water, for example, N-methyl-2-virolidone can be used.
- a carboxyvinyl polymer or a carboxymethyl Thickeners such as sodium cellulose acetylcellulose, methylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl vinyl ether 'maleic anhydride copolymer, polyethylene oxide, and thickeners such as kaolin, ceramic, titanium oxide, Surfactants such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbin fatty acid ester, and sorbin fatty acid ester can be blended.
- the support may be a water-retentive sheet, but is preferably a non-woven fabric containing polyester fibers and a non-woven fabric containing one or more fibers selected from super-absorbent fibers. . Also, a stretchable water-retaining nonwoven fabric is preferred.
- a cooling sheet using a stretchable non-woven fabric support containing polyester fibers can maintain the cooling effect and the persistence of the effects aimed at by the present invention. By using, a higher cooling effect and sustainability of the effect can be obtained, which is more preferable.
- the superabsorbent fibers include, for example, fibrous superabsorbent resin such as starch / acrylic acid graft polymer partial sodium salt / acrylic acid polymer sodium salt crosslinked product, inner layer of acrylic fiber And a super-absorbent fiber having a two-layer structure, and a fiber in which a hydrophilic group is substituted for a part of cellulose to increase the hydrophilicity.
- polyester fibers having low hydrophilicity polyester fibers having low hydrophilicity
- Polyester fibers can be processed into superabsorbent fibers by imparting hydrophilic functional groups, and can be mixed with ordinary polyester fibers. Since the nonwoven fabric having such a composition can absorb and retain water only when brought into contact with water, it is extremely suitable for producing the cooling sheet of the present invention. It is.
- the method for producing the cooling sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a paste of the kneaded adhesive is applied in a uniform thickness on one side of the support, and a water-impermeable film is further laminated thereon. Can be manufactured. Alternatively, it can be produced by applying a plaster body on a water-impermeable film in a uniform thickness, and then laminating a support thereon.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is about 0.8 to 2.5 mm.
- Means for kneading and coating are not particularly limited, and means usually used in the field of pharmaceutical production can be used.
- the cooling sheet of the present invention is attached so that the surface of the adhesive layer contacts the lower leg of a horse limb whose body temperature has risen after training or after a race, preferably the lower leg of a forelimb.
- a rectangle that is large enough to cover the lower leg of a horse's limb for example, a rectangle with a long side of 20 to 40 cm and a short side of about 14 to 30 cm It is preferable to cut it into pieces.
- the affected part is rapidly exchanged for heat by the heat capacity of the water in the adhesive layer and the support and cooled.
- the water held by the support is more likely to evaporate than the water in the adhesive layer
- the water in the support evaporates and the lower leg is cooled, and then the water in the adhesive layer is removed. It evaporates slowly and can cool the limbs continuously for about 6 to 8 hours. If necessary, water can be sprayed from the support side for a certain period of time to increase the cooling efficiency.
- the cooling sheet of the present invention facilitates handling such as transportation and storage by covering the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with a water-impermeable film.
- a water-impermeable film for example, a film prepared from a material such as polyester, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylene, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyamide is preferable. It is also possible to laminate these films with an aluminum foil, deposit aluminum, or use a film in which a silicon film is laminated on the surface of the film. Such means are widely used in patches such as cataplasms for humans, and it is easy to adopt appropriate means.
- the cooling sheet of the present invention is preferably applied to the lower leg of a horse's limb. It is also possible to use. It can also be applied to humans.
- Example 1 Example 1
- Example 1 Production of cooling sheet
- a cooling sheet having the components shown in Table 1 (unit:% by weight based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) was prepared by the following method. Table 1
- Light Keiic anhydride (Aerosil 200) was dispersed in purified water. Light flow in advance After dissolving polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (Nicol HCO-60) and sorbin fatty acid ester (Nicol SP-10) in kinetic paraffin, add a liquid in which sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Sunrose F30HC) is dispersed, and stir. did. Next, dry aluminum hydroxide gel, sodium polyacrylate (Aronbis M), partially neutralized polyacrylic acid (Alonbis AH105), and superabsorbent resin (Sanjet IM 1000) are dispersed in glycerin and propylene glycol. The mixed solution was added and kneaded.
- Nicol HCO-60 polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil
- Nicol SP-10 sorbin fatty acid ester
- the cooling sheet thus produced was placed in a composite laminate bag made of paper, aluminum foil, and plastic film, sealed and stored until used.
- the cooling sheets of Comparative Examples 1, 3 and 4 were manufactured using the components shown in Table 1 in the same manner as the cooling sheets of Examples 1 and 2.
- Example 3 The cooling sheets of Examples 3 and 4 were prepared by the same method as in Example 1 above, except that a mixture of dipropylene glycol and 1,3-butylene glycol (Example 3) or dipropylene glycol was used instead of propylene glycol.
- a plaster was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using (Example 4), and was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained plaster was spread on a nonwoven fabric of polyester fiber.
- the cooling sheet of Comparative Example 2 was manufactured as follows. Light caustic anhydride (Aerosil 200) was dispersed in purified water, and a liquid in which sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Sunrose F30HC) was previously dispersed in propylene glycol was added and stirred. Next, dry aluminum hydroxide is added to concentrated glycerin and propylene glycol. Mugel, a liquid in which polyacrylic acid sodium (Aronbis M), partially neutralized polyacrylic acid (Alonbis AH105), and a highly water-absorbent resin (Sanjet IM100) were dispersed and kneaded.
- the cooling sheet thus produced was placed in a composite laminate bag made of paper aluminum foil and plastic film, sealed and stored until use.
- Test example 1 Shape retention test
- Test example 3 Cooling test 1
- the cooling sheet of Example 1 was attached to the lower leg of the horse's right forelimb, and a temperature sensor was set between the limb surface and the cooling sheet. In addition, a bandage with air permeability was rolled over the cooling sheet and fixed. A temperature sensor was fixed on the left limb by wrapping a bandage in the same position as the right limb. The sensor was connected to a recorder fixed on the back of the horse, and the skin surface temperature of both limbs was measured at 1 minute intervals for about 8 hours. The skin surface temperature of both limbs and the control skin surface temperature were determined. The results are shown in Figure 1. The cooling sheet of Example 1 had a sufficient cooling effect for a long time, and a significant cooling effect was observed between the sheet and the control. Test example 4: Cooling test 2
- the cooling sheet of Example 1 was attached to the lower leg of the horse's right forelimb, and a temperature sensor was set between the surface of the limb and the cooling sheet.
- a bandage having air permeability was wound and fixed on the cooling sheet.
- water was applied from above to wet the cooling sheet and the fixed bandage.
- a temperature sensor was wound around the left limb in the same position as the right limb and fixed in place. The sensor was connected to a recorder fixed to the back of the horse, and the skin surface temperature of both limbs was measured at 1 minute intervals for about 8 hours. The result is shown in figure 2.
- the cooling sheet of Example 1 had a sufficient cooling effect for a long time, and a significant cooling effect was observed between the sheet and the control.
- Test example 5 Cooling test 3
- the cooling sheet of Example 3 was attached to the lower leg of the horse's right forelimb, and a temperature sensor was set between the surface of the limb and the cooling sheet. Furthermore, a bandage having air permeability was wound and fixed on the cooling sheet. Further, water was applied from above to wet the bandage fixed to the cooling sheet with water. A temperature sensor was wound around the left limb in the same position as the right limb and fixed in place. The sensor was connected to a recorder fixed on the back of the horse, and the skin surface temperature of both limbs was measured at 1 minute intervals for about 8 hours. The results are shown in Figure 3. The cooling sheet of Example 3 had a sufficient cooling effect for a long time, and a significant cooling effect was observed between the sheet and the control. Industrial applicability
- the cooling sheet of the present invention can cool the lower leg of a horse's limb for a long time, and can prevent and / or treat periosteitis and tendonitis.
- INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The cooling sheet of the present invention has suitable adhesiveness and peelability when applied to a horse limb, has a characteristic that it can exert a continuous cooling power, and can perform a cooling treatment simply and safely. .
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001513224A JP4641371B2 (ja) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-19 | 馬脚冷却用シート |
AU60196/00A AU6019600A (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-19 | Sheet for cooling leg of horse |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21454799 | 1999-07-29 | ||
JP11/214547 | 1999-07-29 | ||
JP2000068195 | 2000-03-13 | ||
JP2000/68195 | 2000-03-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001008473A1 true WO2001008473A1 (fr) | 2001-02-08 |
Family
ID=26520381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/004828 WO2001008473A1 (fr) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-19 | Compresse de refroidissement pour jambe de cheval |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4641371B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU6019600A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001008473A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009292993A (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Alcare Co Ltd | 蓄熱用ゲル体及びこれを使用した保冷・保温材 |
WO2011052073A1 (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Mogi Kuninobu | 馬用血行促進装置、馬用血行促進施設、馬用血行促進方法及び包囲体 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5051878A (ja) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-05-08 | ||
JPH08276316A (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1996-10-22 | Boehringer Werkzeugmas Gmbh | 工作機械及び工作方法 |
JPH10211227A (ja) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-08-11 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 皮膚冷却用貼付剤 |
JPH10258078A (ja) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-29 | Kobayashi Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 粘着性冷却組成物及びその製法 |
-
2000
- 2000-07-19 JP JP2001513224A patent/JP4641371B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-19 AU AU60196/00A patent/AU6019600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-19 WO PCT/JP2000/004828 patent/WO2001008473A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5051878A (ja) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-05-08 | ||
JPH08276316A (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1996-10-22 | Boehringer Werkzeugmas Gmbh | 工作機械及び工作方法 |
JPH10211227A (ja) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-08-11 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 皮膚冷却用貼付剤 |
JPH10258078A (ja) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-29 | Kobayashi Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 粘着性冷却組成物及びその製法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009292993A (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-12-17 | Alcare Co Ltd | 蓄熱用ゲル体及びこれを使用した保冷・保温材 |
WO2011052073A1 (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Mogi Kuninobu | 馬用血行促進装置、馬用血行促進施設、馬用血行促進方法及び包囲体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6019600A (en) | 2001-02-19 |
JP4641371B2 (ja) | 2011-03-02 |
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