Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
  • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
  • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
  • H02M3/06—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
  • H02M3/07—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
  • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
  • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
  • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
  • G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
  • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
  • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
  • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
  • G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current  wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
  • G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
  • G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
  • G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
  • G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
  • G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
  • G05F3/22—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations wherein the transistors are of the bipolar type only
  • G05F3/222—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations wherein the transistors are of the bipolar type only with compensation for device parameters, e.g. Early effect, gain, manufacturing process, or external variations, e.g. temperature, loading, supply voltage
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
  • Y10S323/901—Starting circuits
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
  • Y10S323/908—Inrush current limiters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a power supply device such as a series regulator and a constant voltage power supply, and a semiconductor integrated circuit device constituting the power supply device.
• FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the internal configuration of a conventionally used power supply device.
• This conventional power supply includes switches 1 and 2, constant current sources 3, 4 and 5 to which a power supply voltage Vcc is applied via switch 2, a resistor R 1, and a pnp transistor T. rl, ⁇ ⁇ 2, Tr 3, Tr 6, TR 8, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ type transistors Tr 4, Tr 5, Tr 7, output terminal 6, and voltage dividing output voltage of output terminal 6 And resistors R 2 and R 3.
• the transistor Trl has the base connected to the switch 1, the emitter connected to the constant current source 3, and the collector connected to the ground.
• the transistors Tr 2 and Tr 3 have their emitters connected to the constant current source 4, and have their bases connected to the emitters of the transistors Tr 1 and Tr 6, respectively.
• the collectors of transistors Tr4 and Tr5 are connected to the collector of.
• the transistors Tr 4 and Tr 5 have their emitters grounded and their bases connected to each other. Also, the transistor Tr 4 has its collector connected to the base, and the transistor Tr 5 has its collector connected to the pace of the transistor Tr 7.
• the emitter is connected to the constant current source 5, the base is connected to the connection node of the resistors R2 and R3, and the collector is grounded.
• the collector is connected to the resistor R1, and the emitter is grounded.
• the power supply voltage Vcc is applied to the emitter via the switch 2, the base is connected to the resistor R1, and the collector is connected to the output terminal 6. Is done.
• the resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal 6, and the resistor R3 is grounded. Also, when the contact point a of the switch 1 is connected, the base of the transistor Tr 1 is grounded, and the contact point of the switch 1 is connected.
• Voltage VBG is applied to the base of transistor Tr1.
• the output terminal 6 is connected to a capacitor Co that serves as a phase compensation capacitor whose other end is grounded.
• the constant voltage, sources 3, 4, and 5 and transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, ⁇ r4, ⁇ r5, and Tr6 make the totality of transistor Trl
• a comparator 11 is formed in which the input is a positive-phase input, the base of the transistor Tr6 is a negative-phase input, and the output is a connection node in which the collectors of the transistors Tr3 and Tr5 are connected to each other. That is, the voltage VBG is applied to the positive-phase input of the comparator 11 via the switch 1, and the output voltage of the output terminal 6 is divided by the resistors R2 and R3 to the negative-phase input. This is a negative feedback circuit in which the voltage is fed back.
• the switch 2 In this power supply, the switch 2 is connected, and the power supply voltage Vcc is applied to the constant current sources 3, 4, 5, the resistor R1, and the emitter of the transistor Tr8.
• the switch 1 is connected to the contact b, and the input voltage VBG is applied to the base of the transistor Tr1.
• the transistor Tr1 By setting the base potential of the transistor Tr1 to VBG in this manner, the transistor Tr1 is turned off, and the emitter of the transistor Tr1 is shifted from the base of the transistor Tr2 to the emitter of the transistor Tr1.
• the emitter current of the transistor Tr3 becomes larger than the emitter current of the transistor Tr2.
• the collector current of the transistors Tr 4 and Tr 5 is equal to the emitter current of the transistor Tr 2
• the size is,
• the present invention provides a soft start in which the output voltage is gradually increased by gradually increasing the voltage input at the time of startup to reduce the inrush current at the time of startup. It is intended to provide a power supply device having functions.
• a power supply device compares a detection voltage obtained by dividing an output voltage from an output circuit with a reference voltage by a comparator, and uses a comparison output of the comparator to In a power supply device that controls a detection voltage output from the output circuit to be equal to the reference voltage, a voltage that gradually increases at the time of start-up is output, and the output voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage that exceeds the reference voltage.
• a soft start circuit for cutting off the reference voltage up to the voltage.
• FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an internal structure of the power supply device according to the first embodiment.
• FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the voltage of each part of the power supply device of FIG.
• FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an internal structure of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
• FIG. 4 is a time chart showing the voltage of each part of the power supply device of FIG. 3,
• FIG. 5 is an example of a circuit diagram showing the internal structure of the comparator.
• FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the internal structure of a conventional power supply device. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION ⁇ First embodiment>
• FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the internal structure of the power supply device of the present embodiment.
• the same elements and portions as those of the power supply device of FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
• the power supply shown in FIG. 1 is composed of pnp-type transistors Trl, Tr2, Tr3, Tr6, and Tr8, ⁇ -type transistors Tr4, Tr5, and Tr7, and a resistor.
• a power supply composed of R 1, R 2, R 3, switches 1 and 2, constant current sources 3, 4 and 5, and an output terminal 6 is supplied with a power supply voltage Vcc via switch 2.
• This is a power supply device in which a constant current source 7 to which is applied, a pnp transistor Tr 9, a capacitor C s, a discharge circuit 8, a switch 9, and a clamp circuit 10 are newly provided.
• the emitter is connected to the emitter of the transistor Tr1, the base is connected to the capacitor Cs, and the collector is grounded.
• the capacitor C s has one end grounded and the other end connected to the switch 9.
• the contact c is connected to the constant current source 7, and the contact d is connected to the discharge circuit 8.
• the clamp circuit 10 is connected between the base of the transistor Tr9 and the base of the transistor Tr1.
• the output terminal 6 is connected to a capacitor Co serving as a phase compensation capacitor whose other end is grounded.
• the comparators are controlled by transistors Trl, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4, ⁇ r5, and Tr6 and constant current sources 3, 4, and 5. 1 1 is configured. Further.
• Fig. 2 (when the power supply unit is turned on) means that switches 1, 2, and 9 are connected in this way.
• the OFF state shown in Fig. 2 (when the power supply unit is turned off) ) Means when switches 1, 2, and 9 are reversed.
• Fig. 2 (a) the broken line indicates the power supply voltage.
• the solid line represents the state of the output voltage Vo.
• the broken line indicates the base voltage of the transistor Tr1
• the solid line indicates the base voltage of the transistor Tr9.
• the power supply voltage Vcc is applied to the constant current sources 3, 4, 5, 7, the resistor R1, and the emitter of the transistor Tr8, and the base of the transistor Tr1 is connected to the power supply voltage Vcc. Voltage VBG is applied. Further, since the contact c of the switch 9 is connected, a current flows from the constant current source 7 to the capacitor C s, and the capacitor C s is charged. In this way, at the moment when each switch is switched from the initial state to the ON state, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), since the base voltage of the transistor Tr 9 is 0, the transistor T The transistor r 9 is turned on, and the base voltage of the transistor Tr 2 becomes V BE (the voltage V BE is the base-emitter voltage of the transistor Tr 9).
• the output current from the comparator 11 is supplied to the transistor Tr 7. Flows.
• the transistor Tr7 drops the base voltage of the transistor Tr8 by the resistor R1 by flowing a collector current obtained by amplifying the output current.
• An emitter current corresponding to the voltage drop due to the resistor R1 flows through the transistor Tr8, and the emitter current flows through the resistors R2 and R3, thereby generating an output voltage Vo. .
• the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 is determined by the transistor Tr1, so that the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 is constant. Therefore, the output current flowing through the transistor Tr7 is constant, and the output voltage Vo is constant as shown in FIG. Further, the current continues to flow through the capacitor C s from the constant current source 7, but the clamp circuit 10 limits the base voltage of the transistor Tr 9 so that it does not exceed a predetermined value. The charging operation of the capacitor Cs stops, and the base voltage of the transistor Tr9 also becomes constant at a predetermined value as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
• This clamp circuit 10 uses a pnp transistor in which the emitter is connected to the base of the transistor Tr9, the base is connected to the base of the transistor Tr1, and the collector is grounded.
• the charging current I flowing to the capacitor Co can be obtained from the following equation using the time obtained using the above equation.
• Co is the capacitance value of the capacitor Co
• Vmax is the value when the output voltage Vo is constant.
• the charging current I becomes smaller as the time ⁇ becomes longer.
• the time ⁇ may be set to about 100 ms to several 10 ms. Also, this time can be lengthened by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor C s or decreasing the charging current i flowing from the constant current source 7.
• start-up charging current This start-up charging current I flows when the output voltage Vo increases, as shown in FIG. 2 (c).
• switch 1 is connected to contact a, switch 9 is connected to contact d, and switch 2 is disconnected. Turn off. At this time, the capacitor Cs is discharged by the discharge circuit 9, and the base voltage of the transistor Tr9 becomes 0 as shown in FIG. 2 (b). In addition, the capacitor Co is discharged through the resistors R2 and R3, and the output voltage Vo decreases as shown in Fig. 2 (a).
• the transistor Tr9 performs the same operation as described above, and the transistor Tr9 in FIG.
• the base voltage gradually increases and becomes constant when V BG + V BE is exceeded.
• the output voltage Vo does not reach 0 as shown in FIG. 2 (a)
• the base voltage of the transistor Tr3 is lower than the base voltage of the transistor Tr2. Therefore, the base current does not flow through the transistor Tr7. Therefore, the capacitor Co is discharged through the resistors R2 and R3, and the output voltage Vo continues to decrease.
• the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 becomes higher than the base voltage of the transistor Tr3, the same operation as that described above is performed again as shown in FIG. 2 (a).
• the output voltage Vo starts to rise.
• the base voltage of the transistor T9 exceeds VBG, the output voltage Vo becomes constant.
• a pnp transistor is used as the clamp circuit 10
• the circuit is not limited to the circuit using the element described above, and a circuit that performs the same operation using another element may be used.
• the discharge circuit 8 can be realized by grounding the other end of the resistor having one end connected to the contact d of the switch 9, but the present invention is not limited to such a circuit.
• such a power supply device may be a one-chip semiconductor integrated circuit device S. In this way, when a single-chip semiconductor integrated circuit device is used, the capacity can be made variable by externally connecting the capacitor C s, and the setting of the magnitude of the charging current at startup can be changed. it can. Second embodiment>
• FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the internal structure of the power supply device of the present embodiment.
• the same elements and portions as those of the power supply device of FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
• the power supply shown in FIG. 3 includes pnp transistors Tr1, Tr2, Tr3, Tr6, and Tr8; npn transistors Tr4, Tr5, and Tr7; R 2 and R 3, switches 1 and 2, constant current sources 3, 4 and 5, and output terminal 6, a capacitor C s, a discharge circuit 13, and a switch Switches 14 are the newly installed power supply units.
• the capacitor Cs has one end grounded and the other end connected to a connection node between the emitter of the transistor Tr1 and the base of the transistor Tr2.
• the switch 14 is connected to a connection node between the emitter of the transistor Tr 1 and the base of the transistor Tr 2, the contact e is connected to the constant current source 3, and the contact f is Connected to discharge circuit 13.
• the output terminal 6 is connected to a capacitor Co that serves as a phase compensation capacitor and whose other end is grounded.
• the comparator 11 includes transistors Trl, Tr2, Tr3, Tr4, ⁇ r5, and Tr6, and constant current sources 3, 4, and 5. Is configured.
• the constant current source 3, the discharge circuit 13, the switch 14, and the capacitor C s constitute a soft start circuit 15.
• the power supply voltage Vcc is applied to the constant current sources 3, 4, 5, the resistor R1, and the emitter of the transistor Tr8, and the base of the transistor Trl is also charged.
• Pressure VBG is applied.
• the contact e of the switch 14 is connected, a current flows from the constant current source 3 to the capacitor C s, and the capacitor C s is charged. In this way, at the moment when each switch is switched to the ON state from the initial state, as shown in FIG. 4 (), since the base voltage of the transistor Tr 2 is 0, the transistor Tr The base of 2 is grounded.
• the voltage output from the output terminal 6 is 0, so that the transistor Tr6 becomes conductive and the base of the transistor Tr3 is grounded. Therefore, the voltages input to the transistors Tr 2 and Tr 3 are equal. Thereafter, when the capacitor C s is charged, the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 gradually increases, so that the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 becomes higher than the base voltage of the transistor Tr3. The emitter current flowing through the transistor Tr2 becomes smaller than the emitter current flowing through the transistor Tr3.
• the collector current flowing through the transistors Tr 4 and Tr 5 is equal to the emitter current flowing through the transistor Tr 2 and its current value.
• the output current from the comparator 11 is supplied to the transistor Tr 7 by the collector current. Flows.
• the transistor Tr7 causes the resistor R1 to drop the base voltage of the transistor Tr8 by flowing a collector current obtained by amplifying the output current. Then, an emitter current corresponding to the voltage drop due to the resistor R1 flows through the transistor Tr8, and the emitter current flows through the resistors R2 and R3. Thus, an output voltage Vo is generated.
• the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 gradually increases as shown in FIG. 4B, the base current flowing through the transistor Tr7 also gradually increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the output voltage Vo also gradually increases in accordance with the base voltage of the transistor Tr2.
• V BE is the voltage between the base and the emitter of the transistor Tr 1
• the transistor Tr 1 conducts, Since the emitter current starts to flow through the transistor Tr1, the base voltage of the transistor Tr2 becomes constant at VBG + VBE, as shown in FIG. 4 (b).
• the starting charging current I flowing to the capacitor Co can be obtained from the following equation.
• Co is the capacitance value of the capacitor Co
• Vmax is the value when the output voltage Vo is constant.
• the charging current I at start-up becomes smaller as the time ⁇ becomes longer, so the charging current I is kept within the same level or 10 times as the normal output current.
• the time may be set to about 100 ms to several 10 ms. This time can be lengthened by increasing the capacity of the capacitor C s or decreasing the charging current i flowing from the constant current source 3. In this way, by increasing the time during which the output voltage rises, the charging current at start-up can be reduced to about the same as the normal output current or to 1 It can be reduced to within 0 times. Therefore, the start-up charging current I flows when the output voltage Vo increases as shown in FIG. 4 (c).
• switch 1 is connected to contact a, switch 14 is connected to contact f, and switch 2 is disconnected. To the OFF state. At this time, the capacitor C s is discharged by the discharge circuit 13, and the base voltage of the transistor Tr 2 becomes 0 as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Also, the capacitor Co is discharged via the resistors R2 and R3, and the output voltage Vo decreases as shown in Fig. 4 (a).
• the discharge circuit 13 can be realized by grounding the other end of the resistor whose one end is connected to the contact f of the switch 14, but is not limited to such a circuit.
• a power supply device may be a one-chip semiconductor integrated circuit device. In this way, when a single-chip semiconductor integrated circuit device is used, the capacitance can be varied by externally connecting the capacitor C s, and the setting of the magnitude of the charging current at startup can be changed. Can be.
• the comparator is a comparator having a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, but is not limited to the comparator having such a circuit configuration.
• a comparator having a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 5 may be used.
• the configuration of the comparator shown in FIG. 5 will be described below. Note that in the comparator of FIG. Elements used for the same purpose as the elements constituting the comparator 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
• the comparator in Fig. 5 is composed of constant current sources 3, 4, and 5, pnp transistors Trl, Tr2, Tr3, and Tr6, and npn transistors Tr4 and Tr5.
• the power supply voltage V cc (see FIG.
• the bases of the transistors Tr 4 and Tr 5 are not connected to each other as in the case of the comparator 11 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. Further, the emitters of the transistors Tr12 and Tr13 are grounded, the collectors of the transistors TrlO and T13 are connected to each other, and the transistors Trrl and Tr12 are connected. Are connected to each other. Also, it is connected to the base of the transistor Tr 11 and the collector force S of the transistor Tr 11. As described above, the transistor Tr 4 and the transistor T rl 2, the transistor Tr 5 and the transistor T rl 3, and the transistor T rl 0 and the transistor Tr 11 are respectively a current mirror circuit. Is configured. In the comparator shown in FIG.
• the base of the transistor Tr 1 is a positive-phase input and the transistor Tr 6 is a negative-phase input.
• the output is a connection node to which the collectors of the transistors Tr11 and Tr12 are connected.
• the transistor is connected to the connection node to which the collectors of the transistors Trll and Tr12 are connected.
• the base of Tr 7 (see Fig. 1 or 3) is connected.
• the power supply device of the present invention since the voltage input to the comparator is gradually increased and the soft start circuit that cuts off the reference voltage until the voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage is provided, The comparison output from the comparator does not change drastically, and when a capacitive load is connected to the output side of the comparator, the charging current at start-up flowing through this load is reduced to suppress a decrease in the comparison output. be able to. Further, since the capacitor is provided so as to be connected to the outside of the one-chip semiconductor integrated circuit device, the magnitude of the charging current at startup can be set by changing the capacity of this capacitor.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26511440

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (16)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2000
  • 2000-06-28 JP JP2000193756A patent/JP3807901B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-07-07 KR KR1020017016326A patent/KR100722065B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-07-07 WO PCT/JP2000/004576 patent/WO2001004721A1/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2000-07-07 EP EP00944360A patent/EP1249749A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-07-07 US US09/979,086 patent/US6525517B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-07 CA CA002374934A patent/CA2374934C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events