WO2000068134A1 - Hydraulic-driven fork lift - Google Patents
Hydraulic-driven fork lift Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000068134A1 WO2000068134A1 PCT/JP2000/002944 JP0002944W WO0068134A1 WO 2000068134 A1 WO2000068134 A1 WO 2000068134A1 JP 0002944 W JP0002944 W JP 0002944W WO 0068134 A1 WO0068134 A1 WO 0068134A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydraulic
- turning
- vehicle body
- speed
- controller
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D11/00—Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like
- B62D11/24—Endless track steering specially adapted for vehicles having both steerable wheels and endless track
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/08—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
- B62D7/09—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07572—Propulsion arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine-type fork lift employing a hydraulic drive system.
- a clutch type and a torque converter type are mainly used, but other engine type forklifts using a hydraulic drive system are also common.
- Engine-powered forklifts that use this hydraulic drive system are available in one-pump, one-motor and one-motor, two-motor and one-pump configurations, and are characterized by high efficiency and no need for a front differential.
- the turning system is rear-wheel turning.
- the brake system is a type that attaches a drum brake to the front quad, just like a normal forklift, and has problems in terms of cost and space. Moreover, it was not possible with a type in which a hydraulic motor was attached to the front wheel directly. Disclosure of the invention
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulically driven fork lift that can improve the mobility and reduce the turning radius by employing a two-pump two-motor type. It is in.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulically driven forklift capable of using a hydraulic brake of a hydraulic drive system for a service brake.
- a hydraulically driven forklift of the present invention is provided with a pair of left and right front wheels and a pair of left and right rear wheels on a vehicle body, and a front end of the vehicle body.
- This is a hydraulically driven fork lift provided with a mast and a fork on the side, and each front wheel is interlocked with a drive shaft on the hydraulic motor mounted on the vehicle body, and connected to the vehicle body side.
- Each rear wheel is characterized by being provided so as to be able to turn around the longitudinal axis with respect to the vehicle body side.
- the speed control in forward and backward traveling is performed by changing the direction of the oil flow of both hydraulic pumps by the change lever to change the rotation direction of each hydraulic motor, and
- the speed of the engine and the flow rate of oil in the hydraulic pump are controlled by the accelerator pedal, so that the speed of the hydraulic motor can be changed.
- the turning control is based on the steering wheel angle and the rear wheel angle (rotation angle), etc., to control the number of rotations (same number and difference) and to control the rotation direction for the left and right front wheels. Control (same direction and reverse direction)
- a two-pump two-motor hydraulic drive system (HST system) is used as the drive system for the fork lift, and the left and right front wheels, which are the drive wheels, are controlled separately.
- HST system two-pump two-motor hydraulic drive system
- the mobility can be improved and the turning radius can be reduced.
- the power transmission section can be simplified and the degree of freedom in layout can be increased.
- low fuel consumption can be expected by optimal control of the engine.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the change of the traveling speed at the time of turning is performed by controlling the number of revolutions of the hydraulic motor in accordance with the steering angle of the handle.
- the traveling speed during turning can be automatically changed by controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor in accordance with the steering angle of the handle without changing the rotation speed of the engine.
- the structure can be simplified and In addition, the traveling speed during turning can be set arbitrarily regardless of the accelerator pedal.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the change of the traveling speed at the time of turning is performed by controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor in accordance with the turning angle of the rear wheel.
- the traveling speed during turning can be automatically changed by controlling the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor according to the turning angle of the rear wheel without changing the rotation speed of the engine.
- the traveling speed during turning can be set arbitrarily regardless of the accelerator pedal.
- the hydraulic pump is of an electric control type in which a swash plate angle is controlled by a traveling command signal from a controller. Then, by inputting a detection signal from a detecting means for detecting the amount of depression of the brake pedal to the controller, a running command signal is output from the controller to the hydraulic pump.
- the detection means detects the amount of depression and a detection signal is input to the controller, and the controller travels from the controller to the hydraulic pump according to the detection signal.
- the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pump can be controlled. That is, it is possible to play by controlling the speed at which the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pump returns to 0 ° according to the brake pedal depression amount. At that time, the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pump was 0 just before the stroke of the brake pedal.
- the brakes are set so that the brakes can be operated at the same time.
- the hydraulic brake provided by the hydraulic drive system can be used effectively as a service brake, which makes it possible to save cost and space, and also allows the hydraulic motor to be mounted directly on the front wheels. Can be made possible.
- an inching operation using a brake pedal can be performed in the same manner as a normal torque converter type forklift vehicle.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view of a hydraulically driven forklift.
- Figure 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the wheel portion of the hydraulically driven fork lift.
- Fig. 3 is a system configuration diagram of a hydraulically driven forklift.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view illustrating the steering state of the hydraulically driven forklift.
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention, and is a system configuration diagram of a hydraulically driven forklift.
- FIG. 6 is a control explanatory diagram of the hydraulically driven forklift. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the fork lift 1 is provided with a pair of left and right front wheels (drive wheels) 3A and 3B at the front of the vehicle body 2, and a pair of left and right rear wheels (redirect wheels) 4A and 4B at the rear. Is provided. And up at the front of body 2 Is provided with a driver's seat 5.
- a mast 6 that can expand and contract in the vertical direction is attached via a connecting shaft 7 in the vehicle width direction so as to be rotatable in the front and rear direction, and a tilting lever that rotates in the front and rear direction.
- a tosylinder 8 is provided between the vehicle body 2 and the mast 6.
- the mast 6 includes a pair of left and right outer frames 9 on the vehicle body 2 side and a pair of left and right inner frames 10 guided by the outer frames 9 and capable of moving up and down. And a lift cylinder 11 is provided between them.
- a lift bracket 12 that is guided by the inner frame 10 and that can be moved up and down is provided, and a pair of left and right forks 1 is provided on the lift bracket 12 through a pair of upper and lower fingers. Three are provided.
- the driver's seat 5 includes a seat 15 and a handle 16 positioned in front of the seat 15.
- a head guide 19 is disposed above the driver's seat 5 via a front pipe 17 and a rear pipe 18 erected from the main body 2 side.
- a countdown 20 is provided behind the seats 15, on the main body 2.
- the pair of left and right front wheels 3A, 3B are connected to the rims 3a of the hydraulic motors 21A, 21B rotating flanges (an example of a drive shaft) 22A, 22B. By directly mounting via 3 A and 23 B, they are linked to hydraulic motors 21 A and 2 IB.
- the mounts of the hydraulic motors 21 A and 21 B are fixed to the vehicle body 2, that is, to the front frame.
- An engine 25 is provided on the vehicle body 2 side, and a pair (plurality) of hydraulic pumps (HST tandem pumps) 26 A and 26 B are directly attached to the engine 25.
- the mounting method is rubber mounting with the engine 25 and the frame.
- One hydraulic pump 26 A, 26 B corresponds to the pressure motor 21 A, 21 B, that is, a two-pump, two-motor type hydraulic drive system (HST system).
- the corresponding hydraulic pumps 26A, 268 and hydraulic motors 218, 21B are connected via pipes (such as hydraulic hoses) 27A, 27B.
- a pair of left and right rear wheels 4 A, 4 B are provided to be able to turn around the longitudinal axes 29 A, 29 B with respect to the vehicle body 2, respectively.
- Reference numeral 30 denotes an electric change lever
- 31 denotes a controller
- 32 denotes an electric accelerator pedal
- 33 denotes an electric brake pedal. The operation of the first embodiment will be described below.
- Figures 1, 2, and 4 show normal forward and backward travel.
- the left and right front wheels 3A, 3B and the left and right rear wheels 4A, 4B are oriented in the front-rear direction.
- the forward / backward traveling is performed by the change lever 30.
- the forward / backward traveling signal 51 is input to the controller 31.
- the traveling commands 52 and 53 through the controller 31 cause the hydraulic pump 26 to travel. Switch the direction of oil flow of A and 26B, and change the rotation direction of hydraulic motor 21A and 21B.
- the turning control is performed by an operator sitting in seat 15 of driver's seat 5.
- the traveling speed is changed by operating the handle 16 or the like.
- the inclination of the hydraulic pumps 26 A and 26 B is changed by the position signal 61 based on the cutting angle (rotation angle) of the handle 16. This can be done by controlling the plate and controlling the number of rotations 58, 59 and the direction of rotation of the hydraulic motors 21A and 21B.
- the left and right rotation speeds 58 and 59 are made different by the left and right rotation in the same direction (for example, 58> 59).
- the left and right rotation speeds 58 and 59 are the same. In this case, the turning radius can be minimized.
- the hydraulic motor 21 A, 21 regardless of the accelerator pedal 32
- the upper limit of B rotation speeds 58 and 59 is automatically controlled. In other words, up to the rotation speeds 58 and 59 of the hydraulic motors 21 A and 2 IB set at the time of a sharp turn can be controlled by the accelerator pedal 32, but they must not exceed the set value. You. To do that,
- the two-pump two-motor type hydraulic drive system (HST system) is used as the drive type of the fork lift 1, and turning is performed by the front wheels 3A and 3B. It is not necessary to steer with rear wheels 4A and 4B. However, when turning In this case, turning of the tires occurs, but in this case, the use of the turning caster type can follow the forward and backward movement and turning by the front wheels 3A and 3B.
- a hydraulic drive system (HST system) with two pumps and two motors is used as the drive type of the fork lift 1, and the left and right front wheels 3A and 3B as drive wheels are used. By controlling them separately, mobility can be improved and the turning radius can be reduced.
- the power transmission section can be simplified and It can increase the degree of freedom in layout. Furthermore, in addition to the high efficiency that is characteristic of the hydraulic drive system, the front differential is not required, and low fuel consumption can be expected by the optimal control of the engine.
- Such a forklift 1 is generated by an operator sitting in the seat 15 of the driver's seat 5, for example, by operating a lift lever and operating the lift cylinder 11.
- the fork 13 can be moved up and down along the mast 6 via the lift bracket 12 and the like, so that the intended fork work can be performed.
- the tilt lever 18 to operate the tilt cylinder 18, the master 6 can be rotated (tilted) around the connecting shaft 7, so that the lift bracket 12 and the like can be moved. Can change the attitude of forks 1 through 3.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 the overall configuration and the like are the same as those of the first embodiment described above (FIGS. 1, 2, and Same as 4).
- a rotation sensor 134 is attached to the center of rotation of the electric brake pedal 33.
- the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B are The swash plate angle is controlled by running command signals 52 and 53 from 31 and the electric control system is used.
- the rotation sensor 34 is an example of detecting means for detecting the amount of depression of the brake pedal 33, and a stroke sensor or the like may be employed as the detecting means. Then, by inputting the brake signal (detection signal) 62 from the rotation sensor 34 to the controller 31, a travel command is issued from the controller 31 to the hydraulic pumps 26 A and 26 B. It is configured to output signals 52 and 53.
- the stop and the like can be performed by inputting the brake signal 62 to the controller 31 in accordance with the amount of depression of the brake pedal 33 (stepping allowance).
- the hydraulic brake of the hydraulic drive system works when the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pump is set to ⁇ °. Therefore, the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B of electric control are used, and they are electrically linked with the brake pedal 33.
- the brake pedal 33 When the brake pedal 33 is depressed, the swash plates of the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B are depressed. Control the angle to be 0 °.
- the swash plate angle of the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B becomes 0 ° as soon as the brake pedal 33 is depressed, sudden braking is applied, and the feeling differs greatly from the ordinary fork lift. Will be.
- control is performed by the following system to achieve the same feeling as ordinary forklift.
- the brake pedal 33 when the brake pedal 33 is depressed, the amount of depression is detected by the rotation sensor 34, and the brake signal 62 is input to the controller 31.
- the controller 31 In response to the brake signal 62, the controller 31 outputs drive command signals 52, 53 to the hydraulic pumps 26A, 26B, respectively. Accordingly, the swash plate angles of the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B are controlled. That is, braking is performed by controlling the speed at which the swash plate angle is returned to 0 ° according to the amount of stepping on the brake pedal 3.
- the swash plate angles of the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B were set to 0 ° just before the stroke of the brake pedal 33, and the hydraulic motor was set on the stroke Also activate the parking brake built in 21A, 2IB. Then, the swash plate angles of the hydraulic pumps 26 A and 26 B are changed according to the depression of the accelerator pedal 32 by the hydraulic drive system of the automobile type. Is set so that the swash plate angle slowly returns to 0 ° when you release.
- the brake circuit has the highest priority.
- the hydraulic brake provided in the hydraulically driven system can be effectively used for the service brake, and can be suitably configured in terms of cost and space. It is also possible to use hydraulic motors 21 A and 21 B attached directly to A and 3 B. In addition, the inching operation using the brake pedal 33 can be performed in the same manner as a normal torque converter type forklift vehicle.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a control example (brake characteristics). That is, (A) in FIG. 6 shows the output range of the brake potentiometer. Here, the brake starts to work at 1.5 V, and the motor decelerates at MAX at 3.5 V. When the brake voltage is between 3.5 and 4.5 V, the characteristics are the same as at 3.5 V. If the brake voltage is 0.5 V or less, or 4.5 V or more, determine that there is an error (disconnection) and stop immediately. Brake voltage is 1.5 V or more when key switch is on In the case of, it is judged that the brake return is poor, and the vehicle cannot travel until the brake voltage is less than 1.5 V.
- FIG. 6B shows the deceleration time when the accelerator pedal is released and the brake pedal is depressed.
- FIG. 6 (C) shows a case where the brake pedal is depressed to the position of 2.5 V two seconds after the accelerator pedal is released, and then the brake pedal is released two seconds later.
- FIG. 6 shows the characteristics when the brake pedal is depressed while the accelerator pedal is depressed. Here, 100% is when the brake pedal is not depressed.
- FIG. 6E shows the deceleration time when the accelerator pedal is released.
- the left and right rear wheels 4A and 4B employ a turning casing type in which a follow-up direction is adopted.
- one of the rear wheels 4 may be of a steering type in which the rear wheel 4 is forcibly turned by a cylinder or the like by a handle wheel, and the other rear wheel 4 may be of a turning castor type.
- the steering angle of the rear wheel 4 on the other hand is fed back to control the hydraulic pumps 26 A and 26 B, thereby reducing the rotational speeds 58 and 59 of the hydraulic motors 21 A and 2 IB. It performs straight ahead and turns under control.
- the traveling speed during turning is changed by controlling the rotational speeds 58, 59 of the hydraulic motors 21A, 2IB according to the turning angle of the handle 16.
- the traveling speed at the time of turning regardless of the turning angle of the handle 16 is controlled by the accelerator pedal 32 2.
- the control may be performed by controlling the rotation speeds 58 and 59 of 1 A and 21 B.
- the traveling speed is changed on the basis of the position signal 61 based on the turning angle of the handle 16, which is the same as the normal fork lift.
- the steering may be performed based on the turning angles of the rear wheels 4A and 4B.
- the swash plates of the hydraulic pumps 26A and 26B are controlled by the detection signals based on the angle of the rear wheels 4A and 4B (the angle of the handle 16), and the hydraulic motor This can be done by controlling the number of rotations 58 and 59 of 1 A and 2 IB and the direction of rotation.
- the turning center position is determined by the turning angles of the rear wheels 4A and 4B, and the controller 31 is controlled so as to match the turning center position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Non-Deflectable Wheels, Steering Of Trailers, Or Other Steering (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00922994A EP1118581A1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-08 | Hydraulic-driven fork lift |
US09/743,226 US6554084B1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-08 | Hydraulically driven forklift |
TW089124104A TW505611B (en) | 2000-05-08 | 2000-11-14 | Hydraulic-driven fork lift |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11/126499 | 1999-05-07 | ||
JP11/126500 | 1999-05-07 | ||
JP11126500A JP3140009B2 (ja) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | 油圧駆動式フォークリフト |
JP11126499A JP3140008B2 (ja) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | 油圧駆動式フォークリフト |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000068134A1 true WO2000068134A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
Family
ID=26462676
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/002944 WO2000068134A1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-08 | Hydraulic-driven fork lift |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6554084B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1118581A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1126707C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000068134A1 (ja) |
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JPH0248476A (ja) | 1988-08-09 | 1990-02-19 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 多孔質無機構造体およびその製造方法 |
US6283237B1 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2001-09-04 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method and apparatus for steering articulated machines using variable speed devices |
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2000
- 2000-05-08 CN CN00801044A patent/CN1126707C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-08 WO PCT/JP2000/002944 patent/WO2000068134A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-05-08 US US09/743,226 patent/US6554084B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-08 EP EP00922994A patent/EP1118581A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
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JPH01168580A (ja) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-07-04 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | 産業車両における旋回制御装置 |
US4986387A (en) * | 1989-08-07 | 1991-01-22 | Teledyne Princeton, Inc. | Fork-lift truck having three drive wheels with third wheel steerable |
JPH1192094A (ja) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-06 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | 走行用油圧回路 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2369333B (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2004-11-10 | Nippon Yusoki Co Ltd | Cargo handling vehicle |
US6901323B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2005-05-31 | Nippon Yusoki Co., Ltd. | Cargo handling vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1126707C (zh) | 2003-11-05 |
CN1313831A (zh) | 2001-09-19 |
EP1118581A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
US6554084B1 (en) | 2003-04-29 |
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