WO2000015938A1 - Panneau en verre - Google Patents
Panneau en verre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000015938A1 WO2000015938A1 PCT/JP1999/004893 JP9904893W WO0015938A1 WO 2000015938 A1 WO2000015938 A1 WO 2000015938A1 JP 9904893 W JP9904893 W JP 9904893W WO 0015938 A1 WO0015938 A1 WO 0015938A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- layer
- low
- glass sheet
- film layer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
- B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66304—Discrete spacing elements, e.g. for evacuated glazing units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
Definitions
- Glass panel Technical field-The present invention relates to a glass panel comprising at least three sheet glasses for providing an air space and a vacuum layer side by side and separating an outdoor space and an indoor space.
- this type of glass panel for example, it is composed of three sheets of glass, a vacuum layer is formed between the center glass and one side of the glass, and the center glass and the glass of the other side are formed.
- the gap was formed in an air layer so as to have a low heat transmission coefficient.
- a glass panel having a low heat transmission coefficient and excellent heat insulation performance can be obtained by the action of the air layer and the vacuum layer.
- the conventional glass panel usually has a high emissivity of the glass, for example, when the glass panel is used for window glass of a general building, the heat of the indoor space in the winter is in the form of infrared rays. In this way, there was an inconvenience that the light was transmitted between the three glasses and was radiated to the outdoor space.
- the emissivity is the ratio of the amount of heat re-radiated from the plate glass to the total amount of heat applied to the plate glass when heat is radiated again from the plate glass that has been heated to high temperature by receiving heat rays.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to provide a glass panel having high heat insulating properties and capable of shielding heat rays such as infrared rays. Disclosure of the invention
- At least one of the sheet glass G and the outside sheet glass in contact with the outdoor space or the inside sheet glass in contact with the indoor space is vacuum.
- Surface in contact with layer S and in contact with vacuum layer S Is characterized by having a low emissivity film layer M.
- the outdoor side glass sheet and the indoor side glass sheet is configured so as to be in contact with the vacuum layer and to have a low emissivity film layer on the surface in contact with the vacuum layer
- the low-emissivity film layer can reflect infrared light, and in addition to the heat insulation effect of the air layer and the vacuum layer, can also suppress the emission of infrared light from the heated indoor space to the outdoor space.
- the heat insulation effect can be further improved.
- the glass panel of the present invention has a function of preventing the plate glass itself from becoming hot. That is, the low-emissivity film layer has a property of easily absorbing near-infrared rays as compared with a sheet glass having no low-emissivity film layer that reflects far-infrared rays well. Therefore, the glass sheet on which the low-emissivity film layer is formed is more likely to have a high temperature when receiving solar radiation than the glass sheet on which the low-emissivity film layer is not formed.
- the glass sheet provided with the low emissivity film layer constitutes the glass sheet in the center of the glass panel, once the glass sheet is once heated by solar radiation, the space on both sides of the glass sheet is insulated. Therefore, the amount of heat is not transmitted to any of the spaces, and only the plate glass becomes high in temperature. As a result, the temperature difference between the glass sheet and the glass sheet facing through the vacuum layer becomes excessive, causing a large distortion and, in some cases, inconvenience such as breakage.
- the temperature of the glass sheet provided with the low emissivity film layer increases. Even so, the heat of the plate glass is easily dissipated into the air in the outdoor space or the indoor space, and the above-described inconvenience can be prevented.
- the outdoor side glass sheet and the indoor side glass sheet only needs to be in contact with the vacuum layer and have a low emissivity film layer.
- the configuration of the other glass sheet is arbitrary as long as one of the glass sheets has the present configuration.
- the low emissivity film layer is in contact with the vacuum layer or air. Contact with the layer is optional.
- the low-emissivity film layer M can be formed of a thin film containing tin oxide mixed with fluorine as a main component.
- the low-emittance film layer may be, for example 5 0 0-7 0 0 on the surface of ° was heated in C glass sheet, tin tetrachloride (S n C 1 4) or dimethyl tin Axis opening Lai de ((CH 3) 2 S n C 1 2) - those vaporizing an organic compound of tin, such as nitrogen gas transport can be by Installing blown by gas, this time, more reducing the emissivity and the addition of fluorine to the membrane It can be done.
- the conductive electrons in the film have a function of reflecting infrared rays, and the emissivity is about 0.20 to 0.15, so that a glass panel excellent in heat insulation can be formed.
- the low-emissivity film layer M is formed by a thin film having at least one set of a composite layer formed by sandwiching a silver layer between transparent dielectric layers. Can be formed.
- the thin film By forming the low-emissivity film layer by at least one set of composite layers in which the silver layer is sandwiched between the transparent dielectric layers, for example, the thin film reflects infrared rays during solar radiation well. However, the amount of transmitted infrared light to the indoor space can be kept low.
- the emissivity of the low emissivity film layer M obtained in this manner is approximately 10 to 0.05, and exhibits excellent heat insulating performance.
- the emissivity of the low emissivity film layer M is further reduced.
- the emissivity when two sets of the above composite layers are stacked is about
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a glass panel according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an effect of the glass panel according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a glass panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a result of a temperature rise test of the glass panel according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram relating to a temperature rise test result of the glass panel according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram relating to a temperature rise test result of the glass panel according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram relating to a temperature rise test result of the glass panel according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of the glass panel according to the present invention.
- the glass panel is used, for example, as a window glass that separates an outdoor space from an indoor space.
- the glass panel is composed of, for example, three sheet glasses G, and the air layer K and the vacuum layer S are formed by these sheet glasses G, and the low emissivity film layer M is formed on the surface of the sheet glass G. By doing so, a good heat insulating effect can be achieved.
- the three glass sheets G constituting the glass panel are, in order from the one located on the outdoor space side, the first glass sheet Gl, the second glass sheet G2, and the third glass sheet. Called glass G3. That is, in the present embodiment, the outdoor side glass sheet described in the claims is the first glass sheet G1, and the indoor glass sheet is the third glass sheet G3.
- the thicknesses of these plate glasses G1 to G3 can be freely selected, but generally, for example, those having a thickness of about 3 mm are often used.
- an air layer K is formed between the first glass sheet G1 and the second glass sheet G2, and a vacuum layer S is formed between the second glass sheet G2 and the third glass sheet G3. It is.
- a sealing member P1 is provided between a peripheral edge E of the first glass sheet G1 and a peripheral edge E of the second glass sheet G2, and a drying agent is filled therein to enclose dry air. It has a structure. By providing the air layer K, heat insulation, sound insulation and the like can be improved.
- One of the vacuum layer S is is formed by setting the pressure between the sandwiched sky in the second glass sheet G 2 and the third glass sheet G 3 below 1 0- 2 T orr.
- Such a vacuum layer S exhibits an extremely excellent heat insulating and sound insulating effect. Moreover, it is sufficient to provide a space having a width smaller than that of the air layer K, and the thickness of the glass panel can be reduced as a whole.
- the pressure between the second glass sheet G 2 and the third glass sheet G 3 is reduced inside a decompression container or the like, and in this state, the second glass sheet This is performed by fusing the peripheral portion E of G2 and the peripheral portion E of the third plate glass G3 with low melting point glass P2 or the like.
- the low emissivity film layer M is formed on the outermost sheet glass G contacting either the outdoor space or the indoor space, and the sheet glass G contacting the vacuum layer S. .
- the low-emittance film layer M for example, on the surface of 5 0 0 ⁇ 7 0 0 ° was heated in C glass sheet, tin tetrachloride (S n C l 4) or dimethyl tin Jikurorai de
- Those ((CH 3) 2 S n C 1 2) or the like is vaporized organic compound of tin, formed by blowing the carrier gas such as nitrogen gas. It can also be obtained by pressurizing the tin organic compound with compressed air dissolved in an organic solvent, spraying it in a mist, and spraying. it can. At this time, the emissivity can be further reduced by adding fluorine to the film. To do so, it is a compound that contains fluorine and is easily vaporized, for example, hydrogen fluoride
- the appropriate thickness of the fluorine-containing tin oxide film thus obtained is about 0.2 to 1. ⁇ ⁇ — (2000 to 10000 angstroms).
- a transparent and conductive film is formed, and infrared rays are reflected by conduction electrons in the film, so that the emissivity of the sheet glass becomes about 0.20 to 0.15.
- the low-emissivity film layer ⁇ is formed on both surfaces of the third glass sheet G3, particularly on a surface that is in contact with the vacuum layer S, that is, on a surface that is not in contact with an outdoor space or an indoor space. If the low-emissivity film layer ⁇ is formed on a surface in contact with an outdoor space or an indoor space, the low-emissivity film layer ⁇ is peeled off by contact with another object. Or the glossiness of the surface of the flat glass G is lost, and the original characteristics of glass, such as reflecting light and reflecting the scenery, cannot be utilized.
- the low-emissivity film layer ⁇ ⁇ is formed only on the plate glass G in contact with the vacuum layer S and with the outdoor space or the indoor space, and is in contact with the vacuum layer S. However, it is not formed on the glass sheet G that does not contact the outdoor space or indoor space.
- the reason why the low-emissivity film layer ⁇ is formed on the glass sheet G in contact with the vacuum layer S is that heat is generally less transmitted through the vacuum layer S than through the air layer ⁇ .
- the emissivity film layer ⁇ suppresses infrared heat transfer because the vacuum layer S has a greater effect than the air layer ⁇ .
- the thermal resistance of the air layer ⁇ is R k
- the thermal resistance of the vacuum layer S is R s
- the easiness of infrared heat transfer between normal glass sheets (thermal conductance) is C n
- the low emissivity film layer M is applied.
- the thermal conductance C 1 when the air layer K has the low-emissivity film layer M is C 1 -1 // (1 / (1 / R k + ) + 1 / (1 / R s + C n)), while the thermal conductance C 2 when the low emissivity film layer M is in the vacuum layer S is
- a low-emissivity film layer M is formed on a surface of the second plate glass G2, which is in contact with the vacuum layer S.
- the temperature of the second plate glass G2 rises and the amount of deformation increases.
- the conduction electrons in the film easily absorb near-infrared rays having a wavelength of about 1 to 2 ⁇ m. Since this near-infrared ray accounts for about 50% of the energy of sunlight radiated to the ground, it absorbs solar radiation more easily than soda lime float glass without a film, and the temperature rise during sunlight increases. is there.
- the low-emissivity film layer M is formed on the third glass sheet G3 in contact with the vacuum layer S, the near-infrared light absorbed by the low-emissivity film layer M in summer etc. Even if the third glass sheet G3 is heated, the retained heat is released into the indoor space, so that the temperature of the third glass sheet G3 does not rise so much. Then, since the vacuum layer S exists between the second glass sheet G 2 and the second glass sheet G 2, the second glass sheet G 2 is heated. The thermal expansion of the second glass sheet G2 does not become excessive.
- the glass panel of the present invention exhibits a good infrared shielding function even in the nighttime in winter.
- far-infrared rays radiated from indoor furniture and the like tend to transmit from the third glass sheet G3 to the first glass sheet G1.
- the low-emissivity film layer M is formed on the third glass plate G3 in contact with the indoor space, far-infrared rays only pass through the third glass plate G3. Then, the light is reflected back to the indoor space. Further, the far infrared rays are not absorbed by the second glass sheet G2 or the like, and as a result, the temperature drop in the indoor space can be suppressed.
- the vacuum layer S is provided on the indoor space side.
- the vacuum layer S may be provided on the first sheet glass G1 which is in contact with the outdoor space.
- the flow of heat from the indoor space to the outdoor space is the same as in the example shown in FIG. (Effect)
- the glass panel of the present invention in which the low-emissivity film layer M is provided on the inner surface of the sheet glass G in contact with the outdoor space or the indoor space and the vacuum glass S in contact with the vacuum layer S can be used between the outdoor space and the indoor space.
- the glass panel of the present invention in which the low-emissivity film layer M is provided on the inner surface of the sheet glass G in contact with the outdoor space or the indoor space and the vacuum glass S in contact with the vacuum layer S can be used between the outdoor space and the indoor space.
- Low-emittance film layer M according to the present invention, tin tetrachloride on the glass sheet G heated as previously described (S n C 1 4), dimethyl tin Axis opening Lai de ((CH 3) 2 S n C 1 2 ) other, monomethyl tin Torikurorai de (CH 3 S n C l 3 ), monobutyltin Suzuto Li Kurorai de (C 4 H 9 S n C 1 3) an organic compound of tin, such as, in the vapor or atomized spray It is obtained by doing.
- a higher infrared reflection function can be obtained by appropriately mixing a fluorine compound such as hydrofluoric acid (HF), trifluoroacetic acid (CF 3 COOH), or chlorofluorocarbon.
- HF hydrofluoric acid
- CF 3 COOH trifluoroacetic acid
- chlorofluorocarbon chlorofluorocarbon.
- the film thickness is 0.2 to 1.
- O m 2000 to 10000 angstroms).
- the emissivity of the glass sheet G obtained in this way is about 0.20 to 0.15.
- the low emissivity film layer M can also be obtained by sputtering.
- an oxide film of tin oxide, zinc oxide, or the like is formed as a first layer on the surface of the sheet glass G, and then the same oxide film as described above is stacked as a second layer on silver. I do.
- the first layer is formed to a thickness of 0.01 to 0.05 / xm (100 to 500 angstroms)
- the silver layer is formed to a thickness of 0.005 to 0.02 /. zm (50 to 200 angstroms)
- the second oxide film is formed to a thickness of about 0.01 to 0.05 / m (100 to 500 angstroms).
- the emissivity of the low emissivity film layer M thus obtained was 0.10 to 0.05.
- the outer layer is formed, and the low emissivity film layer M is formed on the plate glass G in contact with the vacuum layer S.
- FIG. 4 and 5 show the results when the air space K is on the outdoor space side and the vacuum layer S is on the indoor space side.
- FIG. 4 shows a case where the low-emissivity film layer M is formed on the heat source side of both surfaces of the second glass sheet G2, and
- FIG. 5 shows the low emissivity film layer M on the inner surface of the third glass sheet G3 in contact with the vacuum layer S.
- the case where the emissivity film layer M is formed is shown. That is, FIG. 5 shows a glass panel according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a glass panel for comparison.
- the temperature of the first flat glass G1 and the temperature of the third flat glass G3 are not so different between FIG. 4 and FIG. Absent.
- the first glass sheet G1 and the third glass sheet G3 absorb the infrared rays of solar radiation to some extent, so that the temperature of the outdoor space with which they come in contact, or the indoor space, respectively. It becomes high temperature compared to the temperature of.
- the first flat glass G1 and the third flat glass G3 heat themselves, the amount of heat obtained radiates sequentially to the air in the outdoor space or the indoor space, so that the first flat glass G1 and the third flat glass G3 The temperature only rises to about 40 ° C.
- the degree of heating greatly differs depending on the formation position of the low emissivity film layer M.
- the degree to which the second glass sheet G2 is heated increases. This is based on the characteristics of the low emissivity film layer M and the heat insulating properties of the glass panel.
- the low emissivity film layer M has a characteristic that it reflects the far infrared rays well, but absorbs the near infrared rays to some extent. Therefore, the amount of heat absorbed by the glass sheet G on which the low-emissivity film layer M is formed is larger than the amount of heat absorbed by the glass sheet G without forming the low-emissivity film layer M.
- the space on both sides sandwiching the second glass sheet G2 is the dry adiabatic air layer K and the vacuum layer S. There is no escape for heat, and the second glass sheet G 2 becomes hotter.
- the temperature of the second glass sheet G2 rises to 49.9 ° C.
- the temperature rises only to 44.4 ° C.
- the thermal expansion of the second glass sheet G2 becomes larger than the thermal expansion of the first glass sheet G1 or the third glass sheet G3, and some of the glass sheets G While there was a risk of damage, the risk of such damage is greatly reduced in the glass panel of FIG. 5 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show the results when the vacuum layer S is provided on the outdoor space side and the air layer K is provided on the roof space side.
- the glass panel shown in FIG. 7 relates to the present invention, and the glass panel shown in FIG. 6 is a comparative example.
- FIG. 6 according to the comparative example shows a case where the low-emissivity film layer M is formed on the heat source side of both surfaces of the second plate glass G2, and FIG. 7 according to the present invention shows the first plate contacting the vacuum layer S.
- Gala 5 shows a case where the low-emissivity film layer M is formed on the inner surface of the layer G1.
- the temperature of the first plate glass G1 does not show much difference between FIG. 6 and FIG.
- the temperature of the third glass sheet G3 in FIG. 6 is slightly higher than the temperature of the third glass sheet G3 in FIG. 7, but this is lower in FIG. 6 than in the second glass sheet G2.
- Emissivity This is due to the fact that the film layer M is formed and the air layer in contact with the third glass sheet G3 is heated to a higher temperature.
- the temperature of the second glass sheet G 2 rises to 51.5 ° C. in the case of FIG. 6 in which the low emissivity film layer M is formed on the second glass sheet G 2 itself, but in the case of FIG. It has only risen to 40.2 ° C.
- the temperature rise of the second glass sheet G2 is suppressed, as in the cases according to FIGS. 4 and 5 described above.
- inconvenience such as breakage of the sheet glass G is further reduced.
- the low emissivity film layer M is formed on the inner surface of the glass sheet G in contact with the vacuum layer S, which is in contact with the outdoor space or indoor space.
- the temperature rise of the second plate glass G 2 can be suppressed favorably, and inconveniences such as breakage of the second plate glass G 2 occur. Can be prevented.
- the low-emissivity film layer M is provided only on the third plate glass G3 in contact with the vacuum layer S on the indoor space side.
- the low emissivity film layer M may be provided also on the first plate glass G1 that is in contact.
- the low emissivity film layer M is provided on both the third glass sheet G 3 in contact with the indoor space and the first glass sheet G 1 in contact with the outdoor space, Alternatively, no matter which side of the outdoor space is at a high temperature, the low emissivity film layer M exists in the plate glass G in contact with the space at the high temperature side. As a result, the infrared rays from the space on the high-temperature side can be reflected without entering the inside of the glass panel, and the amount of infrared rays absorbed by the plate glass G existing inside can be reduced.
- the infrared rays that have entered the inside of the glass panel without being reflected by the glass sheet in contact with the space on the high temperature side are again blocked from being transmitted by the low emissivity film layer M formed on the glass sheet G on the opposite side.
- the glass panel of this another embodiment it is possible to more reliably suppress the heat transmission and the transmission of infrared rays generated between the outdoor space and the indoor space, and to exhibit an extremely good heat ray shielding function. it can.
- the low-emissivity film layer M was formed of a thin film containing tin oxide mixed with fluorine as a main component.
- the low-emissivity film layer M can also be formed by a thin film having at least one set of composite layers formed between dielectric layers.
- Silver has good conductivity and also reflects infrared light well, but as it is, it has high reflectance of visible light and cannot obtain the transparency necessary for windows. ⁇ Tsu Te, T i O 2 of the silver layer from both sides, Z n O, sandwiched between transparent dielectric layers such as S Ita_ ⁇ 2, if suppressing the visible light reflection from both sides of the silver layer, a and infrared transparent A reflective multilayer film can be obtained. Since such a multilayer film requires strict thickness control of each layer, the film is generally formed by a physical vapor deposition method or industrially by a sputtering method capable of processing a large area. It is a target.
- the thickness of the silver layer is an important parameter. Specifically, the silver layer is formed to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.02 ⁇ (50 to 200 ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the transparent dielectric layers on both sides of the silver layer may be optimized by the refractive index, and is, for example, 0.001 to 0.05 ⁇ m (100 to 500 ⁇ ). ) Set within the range.
- the emissivity of the low emissivity film layer M thus obtained is approximately ..10 to 0.05, which is superior to the emissivity of the tin oxide thin film.
- the silver layer is easily aggregated and degraded by moisture in the air, and its appearance and emissivity are deteriorated.
- the low-emissivity film layer M can have more excellent characteristics by laminating two or more composite layers as described above. In that case, the film thickness of each film forming each composite layer needs to be set more strictly than in the case where the composite layer is composed of only one layer. When two sets of the composite layers are laminated, the emissivity is about 0.02 to 0.05, and a low-emissivity film layer M with more excellent heat insulation performance can be obtained.
- conduction electrons in the silver layer slightly absorb near-infrared rays having a wavelength of about 1 to 2 ⁇ m. This near infrared region accounts for about 50% of the energy of sunlight radiated to the ground. Therefore, compared to a soda lime float glass having no low emissivity film layer M, solar radiation is more easily absorbed, and the temperature rise during sunshine is larger.
- the glass sheet G is not limited to the glass sheet G having a thickness of 3 mm described in the above embodiment, but may be a glass sheet G having another thickness.
- the type of sheet glass G can be arbitrarily selected.
- template glass ground glass (glass with a function of diffusing light by surface treatment), meshed glass or tempered glass, heat ray absorption, ultraviolet absorption It may be a sheet glass provided with a function such as heat ray reflection, or a combination thereof.
- the glass composition may be soda silicate glass (soda lime silica glass), borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, or various crystallized glasses.
- the glass panel of the present invention is obtained by combining sheet glasses G having the same length and width. It may be configured or a combination of glass sheets G with different lengths and widths. The two glass sheets G can be overlapped either in a state where the edges are aligned or in a state where they are not aligned. It may be something.
- the glass panel may be configured by combining a specific sheet glass G and another sheet glass G having different thickness dimensions.
- the glass panel of the present invention is not limited to a glass plate having a flat plate shape, but may be a glass plate having a curved surface. In this case, it is useful for forming a window having a curved surface like a window glass of a car or a railway car.
- the glass panel of the present invention is used for front glass of automobiles, glass in front of a driver's cab of a railroad vehicle, glass of a passenger window, etc., not only the soundproofing and heatproofing effects but also the anti-fog effect can be obtained. It is effective and has the advantage of improving visibility and driving safety. Industrial applicability
- the glass panel of the present invention can be used for a wide variety of applications, for example, for construction and vehicles (automobile window glass, railway vehicle window glass, ship window glass) '' for device elements (for plasma display) It can be used for surface glass, doors and walls of refrigerators, doors and walls of heat insulators, etc.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/529,887 US6830791B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-08 | Glass panel |
CA 2309723 CA2309723A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-08 | Glass panel |
EP19990943229 EP1030023B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-08 | Glass panel |
DE1999624092 DE69924092T2 (de) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-08 | Glaspaneel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/260382 | 1998-09-14 | ||
JP26038298A JP3548434B2 (ja) | 1998-09-14 | 1998-09-14 | ガラスパネル |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000015938A1 true WO2000015938A1 (fr) | 2000-03-23 |
Family
ID=17347155
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/004893 WO2000015938A1 (fr) | 1998-09-14 | 1999-09-08 | Panneau en verre |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6830791B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1030023B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3548434B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100508316B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1240925C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2309723A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69924092T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW400411B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000015938A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017169353A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニット及びこれを備える建具の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (53)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001186967A (ja) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-10 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 冷凍・冷蔵庫用ガラスと該ガラスを使用したガラス物品 |
EP1394130A4 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2007-07-11 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | GLASS PANEL FOR PROTECTION AND THERMAL INSULATION |
US20030062813A1 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-04-03 | Cording Christopher R. | Energy-free refrigeration door and method for making the same |
CN100419202C (zh) * | 2002-05-07 | 2008-09-17 | Vkr控股公司 | 一种包括带有板单元的框架的板件 |
JP4109491B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-07 | 2008-07-02 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 透光性ガラスパネル |
CN100398477C (zh) * | 2004-02-23 | 2008-07-02 | 扬州大学 | 防弹防爆复层真空玻璃及其制造方法 |
EP1857520A4 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2012-10-03 | Sk Kaken Co Ltd | COMPOSITION FOR FORMING A HEAT-STORING OBJECT, HEAT-STORING OBJECT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR A HEAT-STORING OBJECT |
US7572511B2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2009-08-11 | Cardinal Cg Company | High infrared reflection coatings |
US7342716B2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2008-03-11 | Cardinal Cg Company | Multiple cavity low-emissivity coatings |
US7339728B2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2008-03-04 | Cardinal Cg Company | Low-emissivity coatings having high visible transmission and low solar heat gain coefficient |
US8082707B1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2011-12-27 | Damping Technologies, Inc. | Air-film vibration damping apparatus for windows |
DE102007020537A1 (de) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-25 | Heiko Trautz | Glasscheiben-Anordnung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US20110120049A1 (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2011-05-26 | Ano Leo | Prefabricated Building Components and Assembly Equipment |
US20090173037A1 (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2009-07-09 | Ano Leo | Prefabricated Building Components and Assembly Equipments |
USD612517S1 (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2010-03-23 | Anthony, Inc. | Door |
US8613161B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2013-12-24 | Anthony, Inc. | Refrigerator door construction including a laminated package |
CN101565971A (zh) * | 2008-11-16 | 2009-10-28 | 罗进南 | 具有低辐射率空气保温结构的维护构件及相关建材 |
FR2940272B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-02-11 | Saint Gobain | Substrat muni d'un empilement a proprietes thermiques et a couche(s) absorbante(s) |
FR2940271B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-10-21 | Saint Gobain | Substrat muni d'un empilement a proprietes thermiques et a couche(s) absorbante(s) |
US9289079B2 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2016-03-22 | Hussmann Corporation | Door for a refrigerated merchandiser |
US8381382B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2013-02-26 | Cardinal Ig Company | Methods and equipment for assembling triple-pane insulating glass units |
US9556066B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2017-01-31 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Insulating glass units with low-E and antireflective coatings, and/or methods of making the same |
GB201200541D0 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-02-29 | Univ Nottingham | Window |
EP2829521A4 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-10-28 | Changhong Dai | GLASS CONTAINING LOW PRESSURE AIR OR VACUUM WITH SEALED EDGES HAVING A BAR FRAME AND A GROOVE |
BE1020702A3 (fr) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-03-04 | Agc Glass Europe | Panneau de vitrage comprenant des feuilles de verre associees ensemble par l'intermediaire d'espaceurs et procede de fabrication correspondants. |
US20130319598A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Cardinal Ig Company | Asymmetrical insulating glass unit and spacer system |
US9359808B2 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2016-06-07 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Triple-glazed insulating unit with improved edge insulation |
JP6282442B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-08 | 2018-02-21 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 発熱ガラスパネル及びこれを備えた発熱ガラスシステム |
US9645120B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2017-05-09 | Grant Nash | Method and apparatus for reducing noise transmission through a window |
JP6256269B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-10 | 2018-01-10 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 建築物窓用多層ガラス |
FI20145889A (fi) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-04-11 | Lammin Ikkuna Oy | Ikkunalasi ja ikkuna |
CN107074623B (zh) | 2014-10-20 | 2021-05-04 | 皮尔金顿集团有限公司 | 隔绝性窗玻璃单元 |
US9797140B1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-10-24 | Wayne Conklin | Skylight framing system |
PL3348527T3 (pl) * | 2015-09-07 | 2020-06-29 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Sposób wytwarzania dwóch lub większej liczby szyb próżniowych |
JP6558710B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2019-08-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニット及びガラス窓 |
EP3611143B1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2022-01-26 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Glass panel unit and glass window |
EP3357883B1 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2023-04-05 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Glass panel unit, glass window provided with same, and method for manufacturing glass panel unit |
FR3046415A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | Saint Gobain | Procede et installation de fabrication d'un vitrage isolant |
CN105507762B (zh) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-05-10 | 伟视幕墙(上海)有限公司 | 具有悬膜双中空的复合真空玻璃 |
EP3438398B1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2021-05-05 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Glass panel unit and fixture equipped with same |
JP6757912B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2020-09-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニットの製造方法、建具の製造方法、ガラスパネルユニットの製造装置、及びガラスパネルユニット |
CN106121459B (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2017-11-21 | 福耀(福建)巴士玻璃有限公司 | 一种夹层后镀膜中空玻璃及其制造方法 |
JP7183040B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-08 | 2022-12-05 | Agc株式会社 | 調光積層体および複層ガラス |
JP6771183B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-10-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニットおよびこれを備えたガラス窓 |
JP6775190B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2020-10-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニットおよびガラス窓 |
US11465938B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2022-10-11 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method of glass panel unit, manufacturing method of glass window, and glass panel unit |
KR101763108B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-07-31 | (주)부양소재 | 폴리카보네이트 층의 이중 창호 |
TW201936376A (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-09-16 | 美商康寧公司 | 包含低cte玻璃層的多層隔熱玻璃單元 |
JP7018612B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-13 | 2022-02-14 | Ykk Ap株式会社 | 日射調整窓 |
JP7071639B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-30 | 2022-05-19 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 窓ガラス用断熱性三層複層ガラス |
US11427052B2 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2022-08-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Glass panel integrated heaters and applications thereof |
CN211255711U (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-08-14 | 信义玻璃(营口)有限公司 | 防火夹层中空玻璃 |
EP4150271A1 (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2023-03-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hybrid solar window and ir absorbing assemblies |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4610771A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-09-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Sputtered films of metal alloy oxides and method of preparation thereof |
US5395698A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-03-07 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Neutral, low emissivity coated glass articles and method for making |
JP2645255B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-26 | 1997-08-25 | 敏正 中山 | 熱線防御機能を有する窓構造 |
JPH1087350A (ja) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 断熱複層ガラス及び真空複層ガラス |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4035608A (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1977-07-12 | Anthony's Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Multi-pane window structure |
US4456335A (en) * | 1978-12-20 | 1984-06-26 | Allied Corporation | Thermal-pane window with liquid crystal shade |
DE3228364A1 (de) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-02 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Solar-glaseinheit |
US4698891A (en) * | 1985-04-10 | 1987-10-13 | Ryszard Borys | Separator for insulated window glass |
US4683154A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-07-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Laser sealed vacuum insulation window |
US4786344A (en) * | 1986-10-27 | 1988-11-22 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Evacuated dual pane window structure |
US5265123A (en) | 1990-02-15 | 1993-11-23 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Expandable repeater |
WO1994024398A1 (en) | 1990-09-27 | 1994-10-27 | Parker Kenneth R | Insulating panel |
FR2704545B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-29 | 1995-06-09 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | Vitrage muni d'une couche fonctionnelle conductrice et/ou basse-émissive. |
FR2725978B1 (fr) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-11-29 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement de couches d'argent, application aux vitrages feuilletes chauffants |
JPH10120447A (ja) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-05-12 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 複層ガラス |
JPH10167766A (ja) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 断熱ガラス |
-
1998
- 1998-09-14 JP JP26038298A patent/JP3548434B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-09-07 TW TW88115422A patent/TW400411B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-08 DE DE1999624092 patent/DE69924092T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1999-09-08 CN CNB998016004A patent/CN1240925C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-08 KR KR10-2000-7004876A patent/KR100508316B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-08 EP EP19990943229 patent/EP1030023B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-09-08 CA CA 2309723 patent/CA2309723A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-08 US US09/529,887 patent/US6830791B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-08 WO PCT/JP1999/004893 patent/WO2000015938A1/ja active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4610771A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1986-09-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Sputtered films of metal alloy oxides and method of preparation thereof |
US5395698A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-03-07 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Neutral, low emissivity coated glass articles and method for making |
JP2645255B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-26 | 1997-08-25 | 敏正 中山 | 熱線防御機能を有する窓構造 |
JPH1087350A (ja) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-04-07 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 断熱複層ガラス及び真空複層ガラス |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017169353A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニット及びこれを備える建具の製造方法 |
JPWO2017169353A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-02-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ガラスパネルユニット及びこれを備える建具の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100508316B1 (ko) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1030023A4 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
EP1030023B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
KR20010031807A (ko) | 2001-04-16 |
DE69924092T2 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
CA2309723A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
JP3548434B2 (ja) | 2004-07-28 |
JP2000087656A (ja) | 2000-03-28 |
US6830791B1 (en) | 2004-12-14 |
DE69924092D1 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
TW400411B (en) | 2000-08-01 |
CN1240925C (zh) | 2006-02-08 |
CN1277650A (zh) | 2000-12-20 |
EP1030023A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2000015938A1 (fr) | Panneau en verre | |
KR102028220B1 (ko) | 응축방지 및/또는 저-e 코팅을 포함한 제품 및/또는 그 제조 방법 | |
JP5792623B2 (ja) | 少なくとも1つの反射防止膜を組み込む多重窓ガラスユニット及び多重窓ガラスユニットにおける反射防止膜の使用 | |
US9341015B2 (en) | Energy-efficient film | |
US9090500B2 (en) | Articles including anticondensation coatings and/or methods of making the same | |
US4173668A (en) | Fire-screening panel | |
JP5989802B2 (ja) | 減圧複層ガラスパネル | |
EA017986B1 (ru) | Составной стеклопакет с улучшенной селективностью | |
US20110256325A1 (en) | Coated glazing | |
KR20070114137A (ko) | 반사방지, 열 절연된 글레이징 물품 | |
JP2009526700A (ja) | 車両用板ガラス | |
GB2122919A (en) | Heat shielding lamination | |
EP2918765B1 (en) | Super-insulating multi-layer glass | |
US20220371949A1 (en) | Automotive glazing with neutral color solar control coating | |
NO810996L (no) | Infraroedtreflekterende, lysgjennomtrengelig vindu | |
JPH10120447A (ja) | 複層ガラス | |
JP2001303860A (ja) | 窓構造 | |
JP7550163B2 (ja) | 非対称真空断熱グレージングユニット | |
WO2023184307A1 (zh) | 调光窗体及其制备方法 | |
JP2023108599A (ja) | ガラス体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 99801600.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CA CN KR US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09529887 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1999943229 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020007004876 Country of ref document: KR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2309723 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2309723 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1999943229 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020007004876 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1999943229 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1020007004876 Country of ref document: KR |