WO2000001929A1 - Systeme de production d'energie a cycles combines - Google Patents

Systeme de production d'energie a cycles combines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000001929A1
WO2000001929A1 PCT/JP1999/003536 JP9903536W WO0001929A1 WO 2000001929 A1 WO2000001929 A1 WO 2000001929A1 JP 9903536 W JP9903536 W JP 9903536W WO 0001929 A1 WO0001929 A1 WO 0001929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power generation
oil
gas turbine
fuel
combined cycle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/003536
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsuyoshi Okada
Tomoyoshi Sasaki
Makoto Inomata
Yoshinori Mashiko
Original Assignee
Jgc Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Jgc Corporation filed Critical Jgc Corporation
Priority to BR9911673-1A priority Critical patent/BR9911673A/pt
Publication of WO2000001929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000001929A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/103—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with afterburner in exhaust boiler
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system that performs, for example, crude oil, heavy oil generated from a refinery, or residual oil, to perform cycle power generation.
  • the residual oil generated at refineries is used in heavy oil and oil-fired power plants after adjusting the sulfur concentration and viscosity.
  • This oil-fired power plant uses heavy oil as a heat source for the boiler, generates high-pressure steam, and operates a steam turbine.
  • HHV heating value
  • Thermal efficiency is limited.
  • gas turbine power generation a combined cycle power generation system that combines turbine drive by gas combustion and steam turbine drive by heat recovery of high-temperature exhaust gas has been developed.
  • the gas turbine is turned by the combustion gas obtained by burning the fuel gas to generate electricity, and the exhaust heat is recovered from the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine to generate steam, and the steam turbine is turned to generate power. It achieves a thermal efficiency of about 48% in terms of higher calorific value, enabling effective use of energy.
  • high-boiling fractions such as residual oils and heavy oils generated at refineries have the above-mentioned characteristics despite the fact that there is an oil component that can be sufficiently used as gas turbine fuel by processing. According to the technology of the report, all of these are used as fuel for steam turbine boilers, and high-boiling fractions are not used to the fullest extent, leaving room for further improvement in energy efficiency.
  • the present invention has been made under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combined cycle power generation system that can convert atmospheric pressure residual oil into electric energy with high efficiency.
  • the present invention relates to a combined cycle power generation system in which a steam turbine is driven by exhaust gas of a gas turbine, and a normal pressure residue oil obtained by distilling a feed oil by a normal pressure distillation means is used as a light component and a heavy component.
  • a first separating unit for separating the light component into gaseous components; and a gas configured to drive the light component obtained by the first separating unit as a fuel.
  • the boiler unit is configured to control the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine and the first separation unit.
  • a steam turbine power generation unit configured to generate the steam using the obtained heavy component as a source.
  • the first separation means is a vacuum distillation means, a catalytic cracking means that catalytically cracks atmospheric residual oil with a catalyst, a thermal cracking means that thermally decomposes atmospheric residual oil, or decomposes atmospheric residual oil by reacting with hydrogen. Hydrocracking means.
  • the first separation means may be a solvent extraction means for extracting the atmospheric residual oil with a solvent.
  • the light oil obtained by the solvent extraction means, the deoiled oil is a metal which is an impurity. It is used as gas turbine fuel after gas turbine power generation.
  • the present invention may have the following configuration.
  • the first separation means is a vacuum distillation means.
  • the heavy fraction obtained by the vacuum distillation means is a solvent extraction means for solvent extraction, a thermal decomposition means, or a hydrogenolysis means for decomposing by the reaction with hydrogen.
  • the heavy component and the light component are further separated by the second separating means composed of any of them, and the light component obtained by the second separating means is used as the fuel for the gas turbine.
  • the first separation means is a hydrocracking means, and the heavy matter obtained by the hydrocracking means is further separated into heavy and light parts by a second separation means comprising catalytic cracking means.
  • the light components obtained by the separation means 2 are used as fuel for the gas turbine.
  • the first separation means is a pyrolysis means, and the heavy fraction obtained by this pyrolysis means is further separated into a heavy fraction and a light fraction by a second decomposition means comprising a vacuum distillation means, The light components obtained by the separation means are used as fuel for the gas turbine.
  • one of the light fraction obtained by the first separation means or the light fraction obtained by the second separation means is used as the main fuel of the gas turbine, and the other is gaseous. It can be used as auxiliary fuel for turbines.
  • solvent extraction means the debris obtained by the solvent extraction means is pulverized and mixed with water to form a slurry, and the formed slurry is used as boiler fuel for a steam turbine power generation unit. .
  • the combined cycle power generation system of the present invention in an aspect other than the above includes a reduced-pressure distillation unit configured to perform a reduced-pressure distillation of an atmospheric residue obtained by distilling a feedstock with an atmospheric distillation unit; Gas cracking means for catalytically cracking the light components by means of a catalyst; and a gas turbine power generator comprising the gas turbine, wherein the gas turbine is configured to drive the light components obtained by the catalyst decomposition means as fuel. And a boiler section for generating steam for driving the steam turbine and the steam turbine. The boiler section is provided by the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine and the reduced-pressure distillation means. And a steam turbine power generation unit configured to generate the steam using the obtained heavy component as a heat source.
  • reaction with hydrogen Hydrorefining means for performing desulfurization may be provided, and the light fraction obtained by the vacuum distillation means may be desulfurized by the hydrorefining means, and then catalytically cracked by the catalytic cracking means. .
  • the boiler section includes an exhaust heat recovery boiler and a fuel combustion boiler, in which high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is used as a heat source of the exhaust heat recovery boiler, and heavy components are used as a heat source of the fuel combustion boiler.
  • the steam turbine power generation section includes a first steam turbine power generation section in which the steam turbine is driven by the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler, and a second steam turbine power generation section in which the steam turbine is driven by the steam generated in the fuel combustion boiler. And a steam turbine power generation section.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a combined cycle power generation system for implementing the first embodiment of the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a boiler section
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a combined cycle power generation system for carrying out a second embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a combined cycle power generation for carrying out a third embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a system
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a combined cycle power generation system for implementing a fourth embodiment of the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a combined cycle power generation system for implementing the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a combined cycle power generation system for carrying out a sixth embodiment of the method of the present invention
  • Schematic diagram illustrating an example of FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a combined cycle power generation system for carrying out the seventh implementation of embodiment of the present invention method.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes an atmospheric distillation means, and in the subsequent stage, treatment of light oil obtained by the atmospheric distillation means 1 is performed.
  • a process (not shown) and a process for treating the atmospheric residual oil obtained by the atmospheric distillation means 1 to which the present invention is applied are provided.
  • the process for treating the atmospheric residual oil includes a vacuum distillation means 10 serving as a first separation means composed of a heating furnace 11 and a vacuum distillation tower 12, and a gas turbine provided at a subsequent stage of the vacuum distillation means 10.
  • a power generation unit 20 and a steam turbine power generation unit 30 are provided, and an exhaust gas treatment facility (FGT) 4 provided after the steam turbine power generation unit 30 for desulfurizing and denitrifying exhaust gas.
  • FGT exhaust gas treatment facility
  • the vacuum distillation column 12 is configured so that the pressure inside the column is reduced to a predetermined pressure by a vacuum device, and normal pressure residue oil heated to a predetermined temperature in the heating furnace 11 is supplied from the center of the column. Then, distillation is performed under a predetermined pressure, and light and heavy components in the atmospheric residue are separated by utilizing the difference in boiling point. Light components are recovered from the top of the column, and heavy components are recovered from the bottom of the column. It is configured to collect minutes.
  • the gas turbine power generation section 20 includes a gas turbine 21 and a generator 22, and reacts fuel oil with oxygen (or air) and burns the fuel oil. By being guided, the turbine 21 is rotated to generate electric power by the generator 22. Further, the gas turbine 21 is configured so that the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 21 is supplied as a heat source to a boiler section 31 of a steam turbine power generation section 30 described later.
  • the steam turbine power generation section 30 includes a boiler section 31, a turbine 32, and a generator 33, and fuel oil and high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine 21 generate water in the boiler section 31. It is used as a heat source for heating, and is configured such that the steam obtained in the boiler section 31 rotates the turbine 32 to generate electric power in the generator 33.
  • a feed oil such as a crude oil is subjected to atmospheric pressure distillation by atmospheric pressure distillation means 1. And separated into light oil and atmospheric residue.
  • the light oil is subjected to, for example, a hydrorefining process or a gasoline production process in a not-shown treatment process, thereby obtaining LPG, gasoline, kerosene, petroleum, light oil, or the like.
  • the atmospheric residue is heated to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace 11, and then distilled under reduced pressure in a reduced-pressure distillation column 12 under predetermined conditions, and light (VGO) obtained from the top of the column is
  • the fuel is supplied to the gas turbine 21 as fuel, and the vacuum residue (VR), which is a heavy component obtained from the bottom of the tower, is supplied to the boiler 31 as fuel.
  • the gas turbine 21 rotates to generate power using the light components as fuel, and the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 21 is fed to the boiler section 31. Is done.
  • the steam turbine power generation section 30 the heavy component and the high-temperature exhaust gas are used as heat sources of the boiler section 31, and the turbine 32 rotates to generate power.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the boiler section 31.
  • the boiler section 31 is used for heating water with the above-mentioned high-temperature exhaust gas.
  • a combustion boiler 31b for heating water, and the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 31a and the combustion boiler 31b is guided to the turbine 32 of the steam turbine power generation unit 30. It is configured. If heavy components were calcined in the heat recovery boiler 31a, combustion residues would adhere to the heat transfer surface of the heat recovery boiler 31a, lowering the heat recovery rate. It is preferable that the location where the steam is generated by the steam and the location where the steam is generated by burning the heavy components be different.
  • the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 31a and the steam generated by the combustion boiler 31b may be supplied to separate turbines instead of supplying to a common turbine.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the steam-bin power generation unit 30 is sent to an exhaust gas treatment facility or an exhaust treatment facility 4, where SOX is recovered as stone, and NOX is recovered as ammonia and recovered as nitrogen. .
  • the atmospheric residue is distilled under reduced pressure to further separate into light and heavy components. It is characterized by the fact that vacuum distillation is performed in this way for the following reasons. In other words, when petroleum is heated to a certain temperature or more, it is thermally decomposed and its quality is degraded.The boiling point at normal pressure is high because this system uses residual oil from Jojo distillation. To prevent this, distillation must be performed at a low temperature, and the pressure inside the distillation column must be reduced so as to vaporize the oil at a relatively low temperature.
  • the light components obtained by vacuum distillation preferably have a viscosity of not more than 20 sct at 130 ° C., especially not more than 10 sct in order to obtain good spray characteristics in the gas turbine 21.
  • the heavy fraction vacuum residue
  • the viscosity of vacuum residue is less than 50 sct at 300 ° C, especially 30 sc It is desirable to set it to sct or less.
  • the light partial pressure residual oil viscosity depends on the reduced pressure distillation conditions of the reduced pressure distillation column 12, so that conditions such as distillation pressure and distillation temperature may be determined so that these viscosities fall within a predetermined range.
  • the atmospheric residue is heated to a predetermined temperature in the heating furnace 11 so as to satisfy this condition, and the inside of the vacuum distillation column 12 is depressurized by the decompression equipment. Further, the fluidity of the vacuum residue is reduced when the vacuum residue is cooled. Therefore, the vacuum residue is supplied to the boiler section 31 without cooling after distillation under reduced pressure.
  • the atmospheric residue is distilled under reduced pressure
  • the atmospheric residue having a high boiling point can be separated into a light component and a heavy component with high thermal stability.
  • these viscosities can be adjusted to a predetermined range, and when cooled, they become extremely hard-to-migrate substances and are difficult to be supplied as fuel. Is flooded into the boiler section 31 while maintaining high fluidity at high temperatures, so there is no risk of causing a problem in transportability. For this reason, low-usability atmospheric pressure residual oil can be used as fuel for the gas turbine power generation unit 20 and the steam turbine power generation unit 30.
  • the light components are used as fuel for the gas turbine power generation unit 20, while the heavy components and the high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine 21 are used as heat sources for the steam turbine power generation unit 30. Since the power generation is performed in the cycle, power generation efficiency can be further improved. Furthermore, if the system is installed in a refinery, a compact and highly efficient combined enterprise of a petroleum refinery and a power plant will be possible, and the energy efficiency of the petroleum refinery and the power plant will be maximized.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the residual oil at normal pressure is extracted with a solvent and separated into deaerated oil, which is a light component, and deaerated residue, which is a heavy component.
  • a solvent extraction means 50 as a first separation means comprising a solvent extraction tower 51 and a solvent evaporating section 52 and a solvent extraction means 50 are provided at a subsequent stage.
  • a demetallizing means including a hydrometallizer 53, a gas turbine power generator 20 and a steam turbine power generator 30 provided downstream of the hydrometallizer 53, and steam An exhaust gas treatment facility (SRU) 4 provided at the subsequent stage of the turbine power generation section 30; the gas turbine power generation section 20 and the steam turbine power generation section 30; It is configured similarly to.
  • SRU exhaust gas treatment facility
  • the solvent extraction tower 51 supplies the normal pressure residual oil and a solvent such as propane, and brings the normal pressure residual oil and the solvent into countercurrent contact with each other while rotating the stirring blades 51a. It is configured to separate light and heavy components in the residue oil into light components that dissolve in the solvent and heavy components that do not dissolve in the solvent due to the difference in solubility in the solvent.
  • the solvent evaporator 52 is configured to separate light components from the solvent by, for example, distillation.
  • the hydrodemetallizer 53 supplies the deaerated oil together with a high-pressure hydrogen gas into a treatment tower provided with a catalyst bed made of a catalyst having a high demetallizing ability, for example. The portion of the gravel oil where the metal is bound is cut with hydrogen.
  • the degreasing oil from which the metal has been removed is guided to a low-pressure drum, and the pressure is rapidly reduced, thereby separating the gas component from the liquid component and obtaining degreasing oil for a gas turbine.
  • a catalyst having a desulfurization function may be allowed to coexist in the hydrogenation demetallization device 53.
  • Atmospheric residue in this embodiment is a solvent countercurrent contacting in a solvent extraction tower 5 1
  • the light fraction is separated into light and heavy debris, which is recovered with the solvent from the top of the tower, and the debris is recovered from the bottom of the tower.
  • the solvent containing the light components is supplied to a solvent evaporator 52, where the solvent is removed, and the resulting deoiled oil (DAO) is supplied to a hydrometallizer 53.
  • DAO deoiled oil
  • the degreasing oil is supplied as fuel to the gas turbine 21 while the degreasing oil recovered from the bottom of the solvent extraction column 51 is removed.
  • the debris is pulverized in a slurry treatment section 13, mixed with water to form a slurry, and supplied as a heat source to the boiler section 31 together with the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine 21, and the above-described embodiment is performed.
  • power generation is performed in the gas turbine power generation unit 20 and the steam turbine power generation unit 30.
  • hydrodemetallizer 53 is used in this system is that if more deoiled oil is to be obtained, metal impurities are present in the light components, and if the metal components are mixed into the light components, This causes corrosion of the gas turbine 21.
  • This embodiment is characterized in that the residual oil at normal pressure is further separated into de-oiled oil and de-residue by solvent extraction.However, the extraction efficiency of de-oiled oil is high. It is possible to recover more fuel of the gas turbine 21 as compared with the separation method.
  • solvents such as propane, isobutane, n-butane and n-pentane are used, and the type of these solvents is selected depending on the properties of the residual oil at normal pressure. What is important is the temperature and solvent ratio. These temperature and solvent ratio are determined according to the properties of the atmospheric residue in consideration of the recovery rate of DAO and the selectivity to the solvent.
  • the viscosity of the debris in consideration of the fluidity of the debris, it is desirable that the viscosity of the debris be set to 50 sct or less at 300 ° C., particularly 30 sct. ,.
  • the viscosity of the residue is determined by the solvent extraction rate. Since the viscosity can be adjusted by the agent ratio, the temperature and the like, these are determined so that the viscosity of the debris is within a predetermined range.
  • the configuration may be such that the hydrodemetallization unit 53 is not used, or a combination of a carbon adsorption unit and a desalination unit instead of the hydrodemetallization unit 53 may be used. Is also good.
  • the residual oil at normal pressure is subjected to solvent extraction, degreasing oil can be separated with high efficiency and efficiency, and the efficiency of gas turbine power generation can be increased. Further, by performing solvent extraction under predetermined conditions, the viscosity of the debris can be adjusted, and the debris can be used as fuel for the turbine power generator 30. As a result, combined cycle power generation using normal pressure residual oil as a raw material becomes possible, and normal pressure residual oil can be effectively used for power generation, and high power generation efficiency can be obtained.
  • the process for treating normal-pressure residual oil includes a catalytic cracking device 6 serving as a catalytic cracking means, which is a first separation means for catalytically cracking the normal-pressure residual oil with a catalyst, and a gas provided at a subsequent stage.
  • a turbine power generation unit 20 and a steam turbine power generation unit 30 and an exhaust gas treatment facility 4 provided downstream of the steam turbine power generation unit 30 are provided.
  • the electrical section 30 and the exhaust gas treatment facility 4 are configured in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
  • the catalytic cracking device 6 is provided with: a normal pressure residue oil heated from, for example, around 300 ° C. in a heating furnace 11 from the lower side of a riser 61 Is passed at high speed along with the carrier flow, for example, oil vapor and water vapor, at a high speed, and a large-diameter disengager 62 connected to the upper end of the riser 61 takes advantage of the sudden increase in cross-sectional area.
  • the steam is then separated into catalyst and steam, and the cracked oil, which is the steam, is distilled in a rectification column (normal pressure distillation column) 63.
  • the atmospheric residual oil is decomposed in the presence of a catalyst, and gasoline, gas oil and kerosene in the decomposed oil are separated from SLO (slurry oil): by a difference in boiling point.
  • gasoline is supplied to the rectification tower 6 3 PT / JP9
  • Light oil and kerosene corresponding to light components (cracked oil) obtained by the catalytic cracking means are recovered from the middle stage of the rectification column 63 and supplied to the gas turbine 21 as fuel.
  • the SLO corresponding to the heavy fraction (heavy oil) obtained by the catalytic cracking means is recovered from the bottom of the rectification column 63, and the catalyst mixed as fine solids by a filtration device (not shown) After being separated, it is supplied as a heat source to the boiler section 31 together with the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine 21.
  • power generation is performed in the gas turbine power generation section 20 and the steam turbine power generation section 30. Done.
  • the feature of this embodiment is that atmospheric residue is catalytically cracked and further separated into light and heavy components.
  • catalytic cracking unit 6 the type of catalyst is selected according to the properties of the atmospheric residue. Is done. Further, the cracking reaction in the catalytic cracking varies depending on the properties of the atmospheric residue, the type of the catalyst, the reaction conditions, and the like, and thus these parameters are appropriately determined.
  • the normal pressure residual oil is subjected to catalytic cracking, so that gasoline having a higher octane number than the normal pressure residual oil can be recovered, and is valuable as a conventional petroleum product containing a large amount of oil-refined aroma.
  • Low gas oil or kerosene can be used as fuel for the gas turbine power generation unit 20, and SLO can be used as fuel for the steam turbine power generation unit 30 after filtration.
  • gasoline production and combined cycle power generation can be performed in combination, and atmospheric residual oil can be effectively used as an energy source.
  • FIG. 1 a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the atmospheric residue is separated into light components and heavy components (reduced-pressure residues) by distillation under reduced pressure, and the light components are further subjected to catalytic cracking to obtain gasoline.
  • LCO light cycle oil: boiling point ranges from kerosene to light oil
  • HCO heavy cycle oil
  • SLO slurry oil
  • the treatment process of the atmospheric residue according to the present embodiment includes a vacuum distillation means 10 and a subsequent stage.
  • the catalytic cracking unit 6 provided in the steam turbine power generation unit 20 and the steam turbine power generation unit 30 provided in the subsequent stage, and the sulfur as the exhaust gas recovery facility provided in the subsequent stage of the steam turbine power generation unit 30 And a collection unit 4.
  • the vacuum distillation means 10, the catalytic cracking device 6, the gas turbine power generation unit 20, the steam turbine power generation unit 30, and the exhaust gas recovery equipment 4 are configured in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
  • the atmospheric residual oil is heated to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace 11, and then vacuum-distilled under a predetermined condition in a vacuum distillation column 12, and light components obtained from the top of the column are contacted. Supplied to the decomposer 6.
  • gasoline is obtained from the upper stage of the rectification column 63, and gas oil and kerosene are obtained from the middle stage.
  • Light oil and kerosene, which are light components, are supplied as fuel to the gas bin 21.
  • the heavy fraction obtained from the bottom of the rectification column 63 is supplied as a heat source to a part of the boiler 31 together with the heavy fraction which is the vacuum residue obtained from the bottom of the vacuum distillation column 12.
  • the present embodiment is characterized in that vacuum distillation and catalytic cracking are combined, but the vacuum residue is used as a heat source for the boiler section 31, for example, as a ripening source for a fuel combustion boiler as described in FIG. Therefore, a certain degree of fluidity is required. For this reason, the distillation pressure and distillation temperature are determined so that the viscosity of the vacuum residue in the vacuum distillation column 12 falls within a predetermined range. Further, the reduced-pressure residue is cooled and then supplied to the boiler unit 31 after the reduced-pressure distillation in order to suppress a decrease in fluidity. In some cases, SLO is added to the highly viscous vacuum residue to adjust the viscosity and then supplied to the boiler unit 31.
  • the configuration may be such that the SLO from the catalytic cracking means 6 is not used as fuel for the part 31 of the boiler.
  • the atmospheric residue is decomposed by a combination of vacuum distillation and catalytic cracking, so that gasoline production and combined cycle power generation can be performed in combination, and the atmospheric residue can be reduced. It can be effectively used as an energy source, and high power generation efficiency can be obtained.
  • a hydrotreating unit is provided downstream of the vacuum distillation column 12, and the light fraction obtained in the vacuum distillation column 12 is desulfurized by the hydrorefining unit. Light components may be catalytically decomposed.
  • the hydrorefining unit here has the same configuration as the above-mentioned hydrodemetallizing unit 53, but uses a catalyst having a desulfurization function as a catalyst.
  • the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the atmospheric residue is separated into a light component and a heavy component by a reduced pressure distillation device 10 as a first separation device, and the heavy component is further separated.
  • the solvent is extracted by the solvent extraction means 50, which is the second separation means, and separated into degreasing oil, which is a light component (so-called heavy gas oil), and debris residue, which is a heavy component (so-called heavy heavy oil).
  • deoiled oil is supplied to the gas turbine 21 together with the light fraction obtained by the vacuum distillation means 10.
  • the debris is used as a heat source for the boiler 31.
  • 100% of the light fraction obtained by vacuum distillation is used as the gas turbine oil, or the light fraction is used as the main fuel (that is, 50% or more), and the deoiled oil is used as the auxiliary fuel (that is, 50% or less).
  • 100% of the deoiled oil may be used, or the deoiled oil may be used as a main fuel, and the light component obtained by the vacuum distillation means 10 may be used as an auxiliary fuel.
  • two or more gas turbines 21 may be provided, and one gas turbine may be supplied with light components obtained by distillation under reduced pressure, and the other gas turbine may be supplied with deoiled oil.
  • the solvent extraction rate is adjusted so that the viscosity of the debris is within a predetermined range. If the extraction efficiency in the solvent extraction means 50 is low, the slurry unification treatment apparatus 13 may not be provided, and the residue from the solvent extraction tower 51 may be used as it is as the fuel for the boiler section 31. .
  • the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the atmospheric residue is separated into a light component and a heavy component (reduced-pressure residue) by means of a vacuum distillation means 10, and the heavy component is further separated into second and third components.
  • the second means is to decompose into light and heavy components by pyrolysis by means of pyrolysis.
  • the thermal decomposition means 80 includes a heating furnace 81, a soot drum 82, and a normal pressure distillation column 83. And The vacuum residue obtained in the vacuum distillation means 10 is heated in a heating furnace 81 to, for example, 400 to 47 ° C., and is thermally decomposed into light and heavy components. In this case, the decomposition rate is adjusted by the time during which the vacuum residue oil passes through the heating iron 81 and the heating temperature.
  • the heating drum 82 is a liquid reservoir, and the heat-treated oil that has passed through the heating furnace 81 stays in the heating drum 82 to gain time for decomposition.
  • the heat-treated oil coming out of the single-strength drum 82 is supplied to a simple atmospheric distillation column 83, where it is separated into cracked light oil, which is light, and cracked heavy oil, which is heavy.
  • the cracked light oil is supplied as fuel to the gas turbine 21 together with the light fraction obtained by the vacuum distillation means 10, and the cracked heavy oil is used as a heat source in the boiler section 31 together with the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine 21. Supplied.
  • power generation is performed in the gas turbine power generation unit 20 and the steam turbine power generation unit 30 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
  • Either the cracked gas oil or the light fraction obtained by the vacuum distillation means 10 may be used alone as a fuel for the gas turbine 21, or one of them may be used as a main fuel and the other as an auxiliary fuel. .
  • the heating temperature at heating ⁇ 81 1the heating time at the drum 82 is determined.
  • the atmospheric residue is decomposed by a combination of reduced-pressure distillation and thermal cracking, and therefore, also in this embodiment, the combined cycle power generation can be performed using the atmospheric residue as a raw material.
  • the residual oil at normal pressure can be effectively used as an energy source, and high power generation efficiency can be obtained.
  • a reduced-pressure distillation column is provided downstream of the atmospheric distillation column 83 of the heating means 80, and the decomposition residue obtained in the atmospheric distillation column 83 is further subjected to reduced-pressure distillation to separate the light fraction. It may be used as a fuel for the gas turbine 21 and supply the vacuum residue to the boiler section 31 as a heat source.
  • a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the atmospheric residual oil is separated into light components (cracked gas oil) and heavy components by pyrolysis means 80, which is the first separation means similar to the above-described embodiment.
  • cracked heavy oil is further distilled under reduced pressure by a vacuum distillation column 9 which is a second separation means, to further separate light and heavy components. That is, the atmospheric residual oil is heated in the thermal cracking means 8 ° to be thermally decomposed into cracked gas oil and cracked heavy oil, and the cracked gas oil is processed together with, for example, the light components of atmospheric distillation and recovered as fuel oil. However, this decomposed light oil may be supplied to the gas turbine 21 as fuel.
  • the cracked heavy oil is distilled under reduced pressure in a vacuum distillation tower 9 under predetermined conditions to separate light and heavy components, and the light components are supplied to a gas turbine 21 as fuel, and the heavy components are The high-temperature exhaust gas 21 is supplied to the boiler section 31 as a heat source.
  • the present embodiment is characterized in that the atmospheric residue is thermally decomposed.However, since the light components obtained in the vacuum distillation tower 9 are supplied as fuel to the gas turbine 21, the viscosity thereof is determined in consideration of the injection property. It is desirable to determine Further, since the vacuum residue is supplied as fuel to the boiler section 31, its viscosity is desirably determined in consideration of fluidity. For this reason, it is desirable that the vacuum distillation in the vacuum distillation column 9 is performed by controlling the distillation pressure and the distillation temperature so that the viscosities of the light component and the heavy component fall within a predetermined range.
  • the first separation means is a vacuum distillation means, a solvent extraction means, a catalytic cracking means, a pyrolysis method.
  • the first separation means may be the same hydrocracking means as described as the hydrodemetallizer 53 in FIG. 3, and in this case, The light fraction obtained by the means is supplied to the gas turbine 21 as fuel, and the heavy fraction obtained by the hydrocracking means is supplied to the boiler section 31 as a heat source.
  • the second separation means in the subsequent stage is not limited to the solvent extraction means and the thermal decomposition means described in the fifth and sixth embodiments. It may be hydrogen 1 'arsenic decomposition means.
  • the first separation means is hydrogenation separation When it is a means, the second separation means may be a catalytic cracking means.
  • the first separation means and / or the second separation means is any of a catalytic cracking means, a thermal cracking means and a hydrocracking means, a part of the light oil obtained by the cracking means is converted into gasoline. It may be used as kerosene or diesel oil.
  • the present invention further relates to a crude oil or a crude oil or a residual oil obtained by distilling a crude oil such as a residual oil in a refinery with a atmospheric distillation means to further reduce the atmospheric residual oil to a light fraction or light oil, and a heavy fraction or heavy oil.
  • the combined use of the light components as fuel for the gas turbine power generation unit and the heavy components and the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine as heat sources for the steam turbine power generation unit perform combined cycle power generation. As a result, high-efficiency power can be obtained by effectively utilizing the residual oil at normal pressure as a source of energy.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de production d'énergie à cycles combinés, dans lequel le rendement de production d'énergie est accru lorsque la production d'énergie à cycles combinés est mise en oeuvre à l'aide l'huile résiduelle à pression normale obtenue par distillation d'huile de base à pression normale au moyen d'un dispositif de distillation à pression normale. L'huile résiduelle à pression normale obtenue par distillation de l'huile de base au moyen du dispositif (1) de distillation à pression normale est distillée à une pression réduite au moyen d'un dispositif (10) de distillation dans des conditions spécifiées, de manière à séparer l'huile résiduelle à pression réduite du pétrole brut léger. Le pétrole brut léger est chargé dans une turbine (21) à gaz comme combustible, et permet d'entraîner la turbine (21) à gaz de manière à produire de l'énergie dans une partie (20) de production d'énergie de turbine à gaz; cependant que l'huile résiduelle à pression réduite est chargée comme source de chaleur dans une partie (31) de chaudière d'une partie (30) de production d'énergie de turbine à vapeur avec des gaz d'échappement chauds émis par la turbine (21) à gaz. Une turbine (32) à vapeur est entraînée par la vapeur produite dans la partie de chaudière, de manière à produire de l'énergie dans la partie (30) de production d'énergie de turbine à vapeur. Du fait que l'huile résiduelle à pression normale peut être utilisée comme combustible de turbine (21) à gaz et d'une partie (31) de chaudière, le rendement de production d'énergie d'un système de production d'énergie par cycles combinés est accru.
PCT/JP1999/003536 1998-07-03 1999-06-30 Systeme de production d'energie a cycles combines WO2000001929A1 (fr)

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BR9911673-1A BR9911673A (pt) 1998-07-03 1999-06-30 Sistema de geração de ciclo combinado

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JP10/204448 1998-07-03
JP20444898 1998-07-03
JP11/10848 1999-01-19
JP01084899A JP4495791B2 (ja) 1998-07-03 1999-01-19 コンバインドサイクル発電システム

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RU (1) RU2221155C2 (fr)
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EP1083301A3 (fr) * 1999-09-08 2003-03-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Méthode pour la génération de puissance à haut rendement
WO2002081594A1 (fr) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-17 Jgc Corporation Procede de raffinement de petrole lourd

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IDP000024918A (id) 2001-04-26
BR9911673A (pt) 2001-10-02
JP2000080905A (ja) 2000-03-21
AR018959A1 (es) 2001-12-12
JP4495791B2 (ja) 2010-07-07
SA99200471B1 (ar) 2006-10-11
MY136973A (en) 2008-12-31
RU2221155C2 (ru) 2004-01-10

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