WO1999055165A1 - Produit alimentaires pourvu d'une peau a base de proteines et d'hydrocolloides - Google Patents

Produit alimentaires pourvu d'une peau a base de proteines et d'hydrocolloides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999055165A1
WO1999055165A1 PCT/EP1999/002795 EP9902795W WO9955165A1 WO 1999055165 A1 WO1999055165 A1 WO 1999055165A1 EP 9902795 W EP9902795 W EP 9902795W WO 9955165 A1 WO9955165 A1 WO 9955165A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
skin
foodstuff
composition
protein
hydrocolloid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1999/002795
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ben Rudolf De Haan
Anthonius Cornelis Van Den Burg
Original Assignee
Dsm N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dsm N.V. filed Critical Dsm N.V.
Priority to JP2000545381A priority Critical patent/JP2002512053A/ja
Priority to CA002330011A priority patent/CA2330011A1/fr
Priority to EP99920780A priority patent/EP1083798A1/fr
Priority to AU38230/99A priority patent/AU3823099A/en
Publication of WO1999055165A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999055165A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
    • A23J3/22—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by texturising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
    • A23L13/62—Coating with a layer, stuffing or laminating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
    • A23L13/65—Sausages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
    • A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
    • A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
    • A23P20/105—Coating with compositions containing vegetable or microbial fermentation gums, e.g. cellulose or derivatives; Coating with edible polymers, e.g. polyvinyalcohol

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to elongate, tubular or cylindrical foodstuffs, such as sausages, that comprise an edible proteinaceous composition that is encapsulated in or enveloped by a skin, the skin comprising a protein and a hydrocolloid.
  • the foodstuff is intended to be (substantially) collagen free, and can be prepared by coating a skin- forming material onto the proteinaceous composition, and then hardening the material so that it forms a skin and so encapsulates the proteinaceous composition.
  • a collagen paste is used to cover the sausage filling or batter, and the paste heated to form a skin.
  • collagen is a meat-derived product that is obtained from the bones or hides of cows or pigs.
  • BSE Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
  • the replacement of collagen is not simple because it provides several desirable properties to sausage skins.
  • the collagen is responsible for customer-expected qualities such as a cracking or snapping sound when the sausage is broken in half, and the skin splits (in Germany this is referred to as "Knackmaschine"). It can also provide a high viscosity for the composition that is to be formed into the skin.
  • One of the aims therefore of the present invention is not only to replace collagen, but to find a collagen substitute that can still provide the desired properties in foodstuffs (such as the snapping or cracking sound "Knackmaschine").
  • the replacement of collagen has been proposed before, but not because of the recent trend towards vegetarian foods.
  • EP-A-0513922 refers to oil-in-water emulsions for cheeses, sausages, fruits, vegetables and flower bulbs having emulsifiers and anti- fungal agents (e.g. natamycin).
  • US 4582710 refers to potato skin substitutes prepared by making a slurry of alginate, caseinate and carrageenan which is spread onto a surface and dried. The resulting film is treated with calcium chloride to strengthen it before being moulded into shells or potato skin shapes to hold moist cooked or mashed potato.
  • a generally elongate (e.g. tubular or cylindrical) foodstuff comprising an edible proteinaceous composition (substantially) encapsulated (or enveloped) by a (hardened) skin comprising a protein and a hydrocolloid.
  • the combination of the protein and the hydrocolloid can therefore entirely replace the collagen previously used in skins of sausages.
  • These components can together provide desirable physical properties (such as a snapping or cracking sound on breakage) in the (skin of the) foodstuff that collagen has for many years provided. It will therefore follow that the entire foodstuff, namely the proteinaceous composition and/or skin, can be free of meat, meat-derived substances, and in particular, collagen.
  • a second aspect of the present invention relates to an edible liquid skin-forming material comprising a protein and a hydrocolloid, the material having a viscosity that allows it to be coated onto and so adhere to a proteinaceous composition to envelop and form a coat around the composition, the coated material being hardenable by chemical or physical means into a hardened edible skin that encapsulates (substantially) the composition.
  • a third aspect of the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a 3
  • the method comprising: a. coating an edible proteinaceous composition with a liquid skin-forming collagen-free material (such as of the second aspect) comprising a protein and a hydrocolloid to form a liquid coat that envelops the composition; and b. chemically or physically treating the material (e.g. in situ) to harden the material so that it forms a hardened edible skin (substantially) encapsulating the composition.
  • a liquid skin-forming collagen-free material such as of the second aspect
  • a hydrocolloid such as of the second aspect
  • the foodstuff may be a sausage. Included within this are German-type sausages (e.g. various wurst, saveloy, frankfurters, knackwurst, bockwurst), British-type sausages (e.g breakfast or barbecue sausages) and Italian-type sausages (e.g. salami).
  • German-type sausages e.g. various wurst, saveloy, frankfurters, knackwurst, bockwurst
  • British-type sausages e.g breakfast or barbecue sausages
  • Italian-type sausages e.g. salami
  • the proteinaceous composition may comprise meat, meat substitutes, plant and/ or fish products.
  • Meats include poultry (chicken, turkey), lamb, pork, beef and veal.
  • Plants and plant products can include vegetables such as potato, legumes, nuts, onion, carrot, soy, peas, pulses, beans or cereal or cereal-type products, such as wheat, oats or barley, soy and/or wheat fibres or products derived from any of these vegetables, such as protein.
  • the composition may alternatively or in addition comprise single celled organisms, for example fungi that find use as meat-substitutes which include organisms of the genus Fusarium (such products are sold under the name QuornTM) or of the order Mucor les as described in the European patent application no. 98307450.1 filed on 15 th September 1998 in the name of Gist-Brocades B.V.
  • the proteinaceous composition may have been (at least partially) cooked or may require cooking (before eating), depending on the type of foodstuff being prepared.
  • the protein in the skin may be milk derived, or lactoproteins, such as casein, whey, vegetable derived, such as soy, cereal derived, for example from maize, corn, wheat, such as gluten, or egg derived (e.g. ovoprotein).
  • lactoproteins such as casein, whey, vegetable derived, such as soy, cereal derived, for example from maize, corn, wheat, such as gluten, or egg derived (e.g. ovoprotein).
  • the protein is a non-fibrous one: in some circumstances soy protein may not be used, especially if the hydrocolloid is a polysaccharide such as starch.
  • the hydrocolloid is preferably a polysaccharide. Suitable hydrocolloids include pectin, pectinate, carrageenan, xanthan, alginate, alginic acid, polygalacturonate, glacturonic acid, galacturonate, mannuronic acid, mannurate, gellan gum and/ or carboxy ethylcellulose. Carrageenan is less preferred and can be omitted if required.
  • the skin-forming material is hardenable (e.g. cured, cross-linked or set) by 4 chemical (which is preferred) or physical means.
  • Chemical means include contact with a hardening, e.g. cross-linking agent a gel-forming agent.
  • Physical means may comprise heating.
  • the material is adapted to be hardened after it has been coated onto the proteinaceous material. Either chemical or physical means can be sufficient, for example there is no need to use physical means (e.g. drying/first before an additional (e.g. chemical) hardening.
  • the protein may be cross-linkable, and can therefore assist in the hardening.
  • the protein may thus be a heat-sensitive protein, such as one that denatures (or solidifies, or becomes water-insoluble) when heated, for example egg albumin or whey protein.
  • the hydrocolloid can fulfill this role and it is hardenable.
  • the hydrocolloid is the hardenable component, although best results have been achieved when both the protein and the hydrocolloid are hardenable (e.g. cross-linkable).
  • the protein and hydrocolloid will not cross react (with each other).
  • the hydrocolloid is preferably cross-linkable and/or gellable. It can be hardenable by either chemical or physical means.
  • Hardening may be by cross-linking that is non-reversible (e.g. physical or covalent linking) or, preferably, by a reversible technique (e.g. ionic linking).
  • cross-linking that is non-reversible (e.g. physical or covalent linking) or, preferably, by a reversible technique (e.g. ionic linking).
  • the hydrocolloid is relatively stable at very high temperatures, and does not decompose, as "off-flavours" or decolouration are usually to be avoided.
  • the hydrocolloid is preferably heat stable at temperatures up to 60 °C, for example 80 °C, and optimally up to 100 °C.
  • Some hydrocolloids may be employed that are heat stable up to 120 °C, especially if high temperatures are employed at some stage during the process (for example, sterilization, which will be discussed later).
  • the material is preferably free of any solid fats, as these have a tendency to melt at higher temperatures, and/ or liquid fats which can adversely affect viscosity and coating behaviour.
  • the skin may initially be wrinkled after hardening. For some foodstuffs, such as those that do not require cooking before consumption, this is desirable. However, for those that do need cooking first the skin is preferably able to become relatively smooth, such as being expandable or contractable, to provide a smooth 5 outer coat if necessary. The smoothing or expansion of the skin may thus occur during heating, for example on cooking. Thus for some foodstuffs the skin (or casing) can be relatively elastic.
  • the skin should be able to contain (within it) the proteinaceous composition.
  • the composition can thus be in a form whereby it would not retain its shape (over time) if it was not encapsulated or enveloped by the skin. In other words, the skin will often be required for the foodstuff to maintain its desired shape.
  • the (hardened) skin should completely envelop the proteinaceous composition: it should not be sticky or tacky to the touch. Thus the skin should be or feel dry (once hardened) .
  • the skin will not generally be heat-sealable once hardened, as it is intended to be an integral part of the foodstuff rather than edible packaging. This also means that the skin is suitably not soluble in hot water (indeed some foodstuffs may be boiled before consumption).
  • the skin is preferably (at least partially) elastic or expandable because the foodstuff will often be subjected to heating, such as in pasteurization, sterilization and, for some foodstuffs, cooking. It is preferred that during one or more of these processes the skin remains intact, in other words it does not split or burst.
  • the skin should therefore be relatively strong, and if in a smooth state may be under tension although a wrinkled skin may provide more scope for expansion.
  • the foodstuff will often be consumed with the skin still present: it is not designed to be removed before eating.
  • the skin is usually cellulose-free or free of plastics unlike packaging films.
  • the skin After hardening the skin it may be subjected to additional processing so that the foodstuff has certain desirable physical characteristics.
  • the skin may be relatively brittle. This may allow the skin to break or split if the foodstuff is bent: the foodstuff can be designed to be snapped, e.g. before eating. These properties are particularly desirable in certain types of sausages where the proteinaceous composition is already cooked. Here the breaking or splitting of the skin can result in a snapping or cracking sound which can be characteristic of certain sausages (the so-called "Knacktechnik").
  • the skin-forming material may comprise 5 to 25, such as 10 to 6
  • this value may fall to be from 2 to 10%, such as from 4 to 9%, optimally from 5 to 7% w/w.
  • the skin-forming material may have a water content of from 50 to 95%, such as from 70 to 90%, optimally from 80 to 87%.
  • the skin, produced after hardening may have a (lower) water content of from 40 to 80%, such as from 50 to 70%, optimally from 50 to 60%.
  • the foodstuff may have a diameter of from 5 to 150mm, such as from 18 to 80mm, optimally from 10 to 50mm.
  • the skin is relatively thin (e.g. from 0.1 to 2.0mm, optimally from 0.5 to 1.0mm), and so usually does not contribute significantly to the overall diameter of the foodstuff.
  • the proteinaceous composition is provided in the form of a cylinder or tube, or other elongate form, it may have a diameter within the same range as that specified for the foodstuff.
  • the length of the foodstuff is at least two, such as at least four, and optimally at least six times its diameter.
  • the skin is preferably porous so that it allows air and/or water to escape or pass therethrough. This can assist in drying and may avoid the skin bursting if subjected to heat (as water inside the skin will evaporate). The skin may thus allow the foodstuff to "breathe".
  • the skin-forming material may contain a number of additional ingredients other than just the protein and hydrocolloid. These may include a plasticiser or an anti-spoiling agent such as glycerol (such as from 10 to 20%), potassium sorbate (such as from 1 to 3%), or a preservative or pH-adjusting agent, such as lactic acid. If the skin is to be chemically hardened by a cation then an (e.g. lactic) acid can be included as it can compete for the cation with the hydrocolloid, and therefore (the acid) can be used to adjust the speed or degree of hardening.
  • a plasticiser or an anti-spoiling agent such as glycerol (such as from 10 to 20%), potassium sorbate (such as from 1 to 3%), or a preservative or pH-adjusting agent, such as lactic acid.
  • an (e.g. lactic) acid can be included as it can compete for the cation with the hydrocolloid, and therefore (the acid) can be used to adjust the speed or degree
  • an antimicrobial agent can thus be included, such as an antifungal (or anti-microbial) agent (e.g. sorbate, benzoate, especially an alkali metal salt thereof), for example at from 0.1 to 2.0%.
  • an antifungal (or anti-microbial) agent e.g. sorbate, benzoate, especially an alkali metal salt thereof
  • a preferred anti-mycotic agent is natamycin: this may be provided at from 0.01 to 0.2% w/w, for example from 0.2 to 0.15, optimally from 0.05 to 0.10% w/w.
  • the skin-forming material can be white or yellow in colour, a colour in between these hues, or another colour obtainable with the use of one or more colourants.
  • the material may be cream coloured, although this may darken during processing. If not coloured the skin-forming material can be clear, transparent or colourless. This is often preferred if the encapsulated protein composition is to be at least partly visible through the skin.
  • the material is preferably an aqueous composition, and may be in the form of an emulsion, suspension or slurry. Suitably this will be an oil-in-water emulsion, and may therefore have an oil or fat phase, and an emulsifier.
  • This emulsifier may comprise a protein. Both the aqueous phase and emulsifier may be provided for example by milk, or other milk-derived (dairy) product.
  • the skin-forming material can be coated onto the proteinaceous composition, it is preferably flowable and/or pumpable. It may also be extrudable, since in preferred processes the composition is co-extruded with the skin-forming material.
  • the proteinaceous composition may additionally contain other edible components, for example flavouring ingredients, flavour enhancers, texture enhancers or components that improve mouthfeel.
  • flavouring ingredients for example flavouring ingredients, flavour enhancers, texture enhancers or components that improve mouthfeel.
  • flavour enhancers for example, salt, sugar, herbs, spices etc.
  • the protein is present at from 2 to 30%, such as from 5 to 25%, optimally from 8 to 20% by weight (of the skin-forming composition). It is suitably water soluble.
  • the protein will often provide the skin-forming material with the desired viscosity.
  • the material may be in the form of a paste or thick liquid, especially if it is to be extruded.
  • the material will thin, in other words have a reduced viscosity, when subjected to increased shear conditions. The viscosity will be sufficient to allow the material to adhere to the composition once it has been coated thereon, and to envelop the composition: these properties are usually required at least until the material has been hardened to form the skin.
  • the hydrocolloid may be present at from 1 to 5%, such as from 2 to 4%, such as 2.5 to 3.5%. In many applications however the hydrocolloid may be present at from 0.1 to 4.5%.
  • the ratio of protei hydrocolloid (by weight) is from 2:1 to 9:1, such as from 3:1 to 7:1.
  • the skin-forming material is hardened in the process of the present invention. This may be achieved chemically or physically, and if achieved chemically then this can 8 be by means of a cross-linking or gel-forming agent.
  • This (hardening) agent is suitably provided externally, rather than being present in the proteinaceous composition.
  • This agent may comprise monovalent or polyvalent cations, such as a divalent cation. Suitable cations include calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, aluminium, sodium, potassium or ammonium. Alkaline earth metal cations, in particular calcium, are preferred.
  • a source of the agent such as a desired cation.
  • the hardening (cross-linking or gel-forming) agent may be provided in a liquid, for example an aqueous liquid.
  • This liquid can be brushed, sprayed, coated or otherwise contacted with the skin-forming material.
  • the skin-forming material when coated on the proteinaceous composition
  • the skin-forming material is dipped, immersed in or passed through, the (e.g. aqueous) liquid comprising the agent.
  • This (aqueous) liquid may thus contain the cations at a concentration of from 1 to 10, such as from 3 to 7, optimally from 4 to 6% (w/w).
  • the aqueous liquid may have a pH of from 3 to 7, such as from 5 to 6. The aqueous liquid will thus act to harden (e.g.
  • the hardening process may be quite rapid, for example it may take from 0.1 to 10 seconds, such as from 1 to 5 seconds, so it can be almost instantaneous, especially if using contact with a chemical hardening agent.
  • the hydrocolloid preferably comprises an alginate or alginic acid. Hardening may thus take place using a chemical, e.g. ion exchange, technique.
  • the hydrocolloid when present in the skin-forming material may be water-soluble. However, during the hardening process it may be made water-insoluble or converted to a water-insoluble form.
  • This may be achieved by cation exchange, for example replacing a cation which renders the hydrocolloid water-soluble by a cation which renders it water-insoluble.
  • cation exchange for example replacing a cation which renders the hydrocolloid water-soluble by a cation which renders it water-insoluble.
  • an alkali metal cation such as sodium
  • an alkaline earth metal cation such as calcium
  • the proteinaceous composition may be provided, or formed into, a shape similar or the same as the eventual foodstuff to be prepared. As will be appreciated, this can be elongate or tubular, for example a cylinder or tube.
  • the composition can then be coated with a skin-forming material.
  • the composition and/or the skin-forming material are extruded, for example co-extruded, such as simultaneously and/or 9 continuously. This may provide a particularly efficient process whereby the proteinaceous composition is extruded into an elongate or tubular form: simultaneously the skin-forming material can be extruded, in a fashion whereby it surrounds, encapsulates or coats the proteinaceous composition.
  • Suitable continuous or co-extrusion machines are available from Stork Protocon-Langen B.V., Industrielaan 63, P.O. Box 292, 5340 AG Oss, The Netherlands.
  • a continuous co-extrusion (sausage) machine where the skin-forming material and proteinaceous composition are supplied simultaneously or continuously to a co-extrusion nozzle, so that the material is coated or "spun” onto a continuous or endless tube of the proteinaceous material (suitably of uniform diameter).
  • the then coated proteinaceous material can be subjected to hardening.
  • the then coated proteinaceous composition is immersed or dipped in the aqueous liquid that comprises the chemical hardening (e.g. cross-linking or gel-forming) agent.
  • the continuous tube that then comprises the coated proteinaceous composition can be transported into the aqueous liquid by a (continuously moving) conveyor or track.
  • the tube may transport the tube not only into the aqueous liquid, but keep it immersed in the liquid for a desirable time to ensure hardening, and then transport the then-hardened skin containing the proteinaceous composition out of the aqueous liquid.
  • the foodstuff can be crimped or cut into the desired shape or lengths. Before or after this the foodstuff can be subjected to heating, sterilization or pasteurization. In addition the foodstuff can be subjected to one or more flavour enhancing techniques, for example one that may result in (new or further) cross-linking, such as aldehyde cross-linking.
  • a preferred process of the invention can thus comprise:
  • composition (b) coating the composition with the skin-forming material so that it forms a liquid coat that envelops the composition, for example by (co-) extruding the material and/or composition;
  • Sodium caseinate (100g) was dissolved in water (850g). After dissolving and deaeration, potassium sorbate (20g) was added and mixed until completely dissolved. The solution was heated to 80 °C and slowly sodium alginate (30g) was added, the mixture being slowly stirred until all components had dissolved. The clear solution was then cooled down (by forced cooling) to ambient temperature.
  • the solution was transferred into a plastic bucket, closed with a lid, and stored at room temperature until use.
  • Whey protein 200g was dissolved in water (75 Og). After dissolving and deaeration potassium sorbate (20g) was added and mixed until completely dissolved. Sodium-alginate (30g) was then added slowly to the solution, and the mixture slowly stirred until all components had dissolved. The clear solution was then force-cooled to ambient temperature.
  • the solution was transferred into a plastic bucket, closed with a lid, and stored at room temperature until use.
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that, instead of whey protein, Lucerne protein was used (220g).
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that instead of whey protein, soy protein was used (180g).
  • Example 5 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that instead of whey protein, wheat gluten was used in the same quantity and sodium pectinate (35g) was substituted 12 for the alginate.
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except that instead of whey protein, zein (maize) protein was used in the same quantity and a mix of xanthan (10g) and carboxymethyl cellulose (15g) used instead of sodium alginate.
  • zein (maize) protein was used in the same quantity and a mix of xanthan (10g) and carboxymethyl cellulose (15g) used instead of sodium alginate.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that after adding sodium alginate, xanthan (10g) was also added to and dissolved in the mixture.
  • Example 8 The same procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that after adding sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose (20g) was also added to the mixture and dissolved by stirring.
  • Example 2 was repeated, except that instead of sodium alginate, pectin (40g) was used and stirred in slowly to the mixture.
  • Example 2 The protocol of Example 2 was followed with the exception that, as an extra step, the mixture was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding lactic acid, before cooling.
  • Example 11 The procedure of Example 2 was followed with the exception that after dissolving the whey protein and alginate, sodium chloride was added to give a final amount of 150g per kg of mixture.
  • Example 12 Manufacture of sausages using skin-forming material
  • Example 1 The solution prepared in Example 1 was used to form sausage skins in a continuous co-extrusion sausage making machine produced and marketed by Stork 13
  • Protocon-Langen B.V. The Netherlands.
  • the machine employed was a continuous sausage (co-extrusion system) where the sausage filling (or proteinaceous composition) was forced (by a pump) through a circular orifice and so extruded into a tube or cylinder. At this stage the diameter of the proteinaceous composition was 14mm.
  • the skin-forming material (solution from Example 1) was supplied separately via a tube from a pump into a nozzle extruder surrounding the moving tube of edible proteinaceous material. In this way the tube of proteinaceous composition was completely covered by the skin-forming material in a co-extrusion technique.
  • the tube of coated proteinaceous composition was then passed through a bath containing 5% (w/w) of calcium chloride in water. This was achieved by using a continuously moving track to support the tubular coated composition and transport it into and out of the calcium chloride bath.
  • the coating of skin-forming material had hardened to form a skin
  • the elongate product was then passed to a rotating crimper having a series of jaws that clamped around the continuous product as a drum containing the jaws rotates, thereby crimping and cutting the tube into sausages 10cm in length.
  • the sausages were then dried in a continuous drier, and the skins further hardened with aldehydes using "liquid smoke".
  • the product was dried again, to produce a foodstuff that had a homogenous, well dried skin that completely covered the proteinaceous composition contained inside.
  • the sausage produced had a relatively brittle and slightly rippled skin, with a firm filler that allowed the sausage to be broken in half or into smaller pieces.
  • the skin made a cracking sound when it split.
  • Example 10 The skin-forming materials of Examples 2 to 11 were all used to make sausages using the same continuous co-extrusion sausage making machine of Example 12.
  • the mixture of Example 10 resulted in sausages having a slightly more flexible skin, because the lactic acid present in the skin competed for the calcium ions in the CaCl 2 bath, and so a lesser degree of hardening took place.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un produit alimentaire allongé, tubulaire ou cylindrique, comme une saucisse. Ce produit comprend une composition protéinique comestible encapsulée dans une peau dépourvue de collagène, durcie et comestible contenant une protéine (par exemple, de la caséine) et un hydrocolloïde (par exemple, de l'alginate). L'invention traite également d'un procédé de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire de ce type. Ce procédé consiste à recouvrir la composition protéinique d'un matériau formant peau, puis à durcir ce matériau à l'aide de moyens chimiques ou physiques. Le traitement chimique consiste à exposer ce matériau à un agent de réticulation ou de gélification, ce qui peut se traduire par un durcissement par réticulation ou par gélification par la protéine et/ou l'hydrocolloïde. La composition protéinique et le matériau formant la peau sont coextrudés en continu et transmis dans un bain contenant un agent de réticulation ou de gélification.
PCT/EP1999/002795 1998-04-24 1999-04-26 Produit alimentaires pourvu d'une peau a base de proteines et d'hydrocolloides WO1999055165A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000545381A JP2002512053A (ja) 1998-04-24 1999-04-26 蛋白および親水コロイドを含有する皮を有する食品
CA002330011A CA2330011A1 (fr) 1998-04-24 1999-04-26 Produit alimentaires pourvu d'une peau a base de proteines et d'hydrocolloides
EP99920780A EP1083798A1 (fr) 1998-04-24 1999-04-26 Produit alimentaires pourvu d'une peau a base de proteines et d'hydrocolloides
AU38230/99A AU3823099A (en) 1998-04-24 1999-04-26 Foodstuff with skin containing protein and hydrocolloid

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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GB2346063A (en) * 1999-01-30 2000-08-02 Bioprogress Tech Int Inc An edible vegetarian casing for food products comprising plasticised gellan gum
WO2002015715A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-02-28 W. Ruitenberg Czn. N.V. Composition et procede de revetement d'aliments
WO2002094224A1 (fr) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique Compositions biocompatibles en tant que supports ou excipients pour des formulations pharmaceutiques et nutriceutiques et pour la protection des aliments
FR2826238A1 (fr) 2001-06-22 2002-12-27 Sonjal Sas Procede de preparation de produits alimentaires enrobes d'un materiau a base de proteine et d'hydrocolloide
EP1326500A1 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2003-07-16 Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. Produit alimentaire enrobe a composants contrastants
NL1019890C2 (nl) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Tno Vochtwerende barrière.
FR2837354A1 (fr) 2002-03-19 2003-09-26 Sofral Soc Fr D Alimentation S Boyau vegetal et procede de realisation d'un tel boyau
FR2842708A1 (fr) * 2002-07-26 2004-01-30 Heysham Internat Ltd Produit alimentaire enrobe, composition, procede et appareil pour sa fabrication
ES2244347A1 (es) * 2004-03-04 2005-12-01 Carnicas Serrano S.L. Envoltura vegetal y procaedimiento de aplicacion asociado para la fabricacion industrial de productos carnicos embutidos.
NL1026392C2 (nl) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-14 Nug Nahrungs & Genussmittel Vezels omvattend vleesvervangingsproduct en werkwijze voor de bereiding daarvan.
FR2873897A1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-10 Sonjal Sas Soc Par Actions Sim Aliment proteine comprenant une masse de viande hachee
US7045160B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2006-05-16 Dsm N.V. Mucorales fungi for use in preparation of foodstuffs
NL1029272C2 (nl) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-19 Stork Townsend Bv Werkwijze voor het door coextrusie bereiden van voedselproducten, in het bijzonder worst, en door deze werkwijze verkregen voedselproducten.
NL1029931C2 (nl) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-13 Stork Townsend Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het in twee fasen aan een luchtstroom onderwerpen van gecoextrudeerde voedselproducten.
WO2010119404A1 (fr) * 2009-04-14 2010-10-21 Institut De Recerca I Tecnologia Agroalimentàries Procédé pour préparer des produits alimentaires et produit alimentaire de type saucisse obtenu par ledit procédé
NL2009121C2 (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-07 Marel Townsend Further Proc Bv Stabilized meat products.
WO2014007630A3 (fr) * 2012-07-04 2014-02-27 Marel Townsend Further Processing B.V. Produits carnés stabilisés
RU2509470C2 (ru) * 2008-06-20 2014-03-20 Фмк Корпорейшн Пищевой продукт, имеющий оболочку
WO2016027261A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 Freddy Hirsch Group Boyau pour produits alimentaires
WO2016120594A1 (fr) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 Marlow Foods Limited Champignons comestibles
EP3732980A1 (fr) 2019-04-30 2020-11-04 Viscofan, S.A. Film comestible et procédé de fabrication
WO2021248047A1 (fr) * 2020-06-04 2021-12-09 Trophic Llc Produits alimentaires ressemblant à de la viande de muscle entier et aux fruits de mer
FR3119516A1 (fr) 2021-02-09 2022-08-12 Sonjal Procédé de préparation d’un gel d’enrobage de mêlée de saucisse comprenant un traitement à haute pression
US11470873B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2022-10-18 Marel Meat B.V. Method and device for subjecting co-extruded food products to an airflow in two phases
WO2023153929A1 (fr) 2022-02-11 2023-08-17 Hanze Food B.V. Composition liante pour lier un enrobage d'alginate à un aliment végétarien ou végétalien
WO2023161794A1 (fr) * 2022-02-23 2023-08-31 Dante Renzini S.R.L. Procédé de production d'une saucisse à manger avec les doigts

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JP4574427B2 (ja) * 2005-04-21 2010-11-04 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 可食性被膜組成物及びその応用

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CH313774A (de) * 1953-01-16 1956-05-15 Winterberg Alexander Ing Dr Verfahren zur konservierenden Umhüllung von Nahrungsmitteln, pharmazeutischen, kosmetischen und ähnlichen Erzeugnissen
DE1213211B (de) * 1962-11-15 1966-03-24 Wolff & Co Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung nahtloser, essbarer, zweischichtiger Kunstdaerme auf Alginatbasis
GB1040770A (en) * 1963-11-20 1966-09-01 Unilever Ltd Foodstuffs
US3682661A (en) * 1970-01-02 1972-08-08 Albin F Turbak Edible vegetable protein casing
GB1544155A (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-04-11 Fuji Oil Co Ltd Method for preparing protein-coated film
EP0244661A2 (fr) * 1986-04-18 1987-11-11 Naturin GmbH & Co Feuille comestible en collagène contenant du gluten, spécialement du gluten de froment, son procédé de préparation et l'application de la feuille à l'emballage d'aliments
US4861603A (en) * 1986-09-03 1989-08-29 Fuji Oil Company, Limited Food filled soybean protein casing
US5620757A (en) * 1989-05-23 1997-04-15 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Edible film and method of making same
DE4309528A1 (de) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-29 Wolfgang Metzger Folie oder Folienschlauch aus Casein, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
EP0709030A1 (fr) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-01 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Enveloppes pour saucisses à base d'amidon thermoplastique et leur procédé de fabrication

Cited By (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7045160B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2006-05-16 Dsm N.V. Mucorales fungi for use in preparation of foodstuffs
GB2346063A (en) * 1999-01-30 2000-08-02 Bioprogress Tech Int Inc An edible vegetarian casing for food products comprising plasticised gellan gum
WO2002015715A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-02-28 W. Ruitenberg Czn. N.V. Composition et procede de revetement d'aliments
NL1016018C2 (nl) * 2000-08-25 2002-03-01 Ruitenberg Czn N V Werkwijze voor het bereiden van een eetbaar omhuld voedingsmiddel.
CN1311758C (zh) * 2000-08-25 2007-04-25 W·鲁滕伯格Czn.公司 包敷食物用的组合物和方法
US7323202B2 (en) 2000-08-25 2008-01-29 W. Ruitenberg Czn. N.V. Composition for forming a casing and method of use
JP2011103896A (ja) * 2000-08-25 2011-06-02 W Ruitenberg Czn Nv 食材をコーティングするための組成物および方法
JP2004506435A (ja) * 2000-08-25 2004-03-04 ダブリュー．　ルイテンバーグ　シーゼットエヌ．　エヌ．ブイ． 食材をコーティングするための組成物および方法
JP4748921B2 (ja) * 2000-08-25 2011-08-17 ダブリュー． ルイテンバーグ シーゼットエヌ． エヌ．ブイ． 食材をコーティングするための組成物および方法
EP1326500A1 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2003-07-16 Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. Produit alimentaire enrobe a composants contrastants
EP1326500B1 (fr) * 2000-10-10 2009-12-02 Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. Produit alimentaire enrobe a composants contrastants
WO2002094224A1 (fr) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique Compositions biocompatibles en tant que supports ou excipients pour des formulations pharmaceutiques et nutriceutiques et pour la protection des aliments
FR2826238A1 (fr) 2001-06-22 2002-12-27 Sonjal Sas Procede de preparation de produits alimentaires enrobes d'un materiau a base de proteine et d'hydrocolloide
WO2003001919A1 (fr) * 2001-06-22 2003-01-09 Sonjal Procede de preparation de produits alimentaires enrobes d'un materiau a base de proteine et d'hydrocolloide
WO2003063620A3 (fr) * 2002-02-01 2003-11-20 Tno Couche de separation resistante a l'humidite
WO2003063620A2 (fr) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Couche de separation resistante a l'humidite
NL1019890C2 (nl) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Tno Vochtwerende barrière.
FR2837354A1 (fr) 2002-03-19 2003-09-26 Sofral Soc Fr D Alimentation S Boyau vegetal et procede de realisation d'un tel boyau
WO2004010801A2 (fr) 2002-07-26 2004-02-05 Palga International Produit alimentaire enrobe, composition, procede et appareil pour sa fabrication
FR2842708A1 (fr) * 2002-07-26 2004-01-30 Heysham Internat Ltd Produit alimentaire enrobe, composition, procede et appareil pour sa fabrication
WO2004010801A3 (fr) * 2002-07-26 2004-04-01 Heysham Internat Ltd Produit alimentaire enrobe, composition, procede et appareil pour sa fabrication
ES2244347A1 (es) * 2004-03-04 2005-12-01 Carnicas Serrano S.L. Envoltura vegetal y procaedimiento de aplicacion asociado para la fabricacion industrial de productos carnicos embutidos.
WO2006009426A1 (fr) * 2004-06-11 2006-01-26 Nug Nahrungs- Und Genussmittel Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh Produit de substitution de viande comprenant des fibres et procede de preparation de ce dernier
NL1026392C2 (nl) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-14 Nug Nahrungs & Genussmittel Vezels omvattend vleesvervangingsproduct en werkwijze voor de bereiding daarvan.
FR2873897A1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-10 Sonjal Sas Soc Par Actions Sim Aliment proteine comprenant une masse de viande hachee
NL1029272C2 (nl) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-19 Stork Townsend Bv Werkwijze voor het door coextrusie bereiden van voedselproducten, in het bijzonder worst, en door deze werkwijze verkregen voedselproducten.
US8703221B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2014-04-22 Stork Townsend B.V. Method for preparing food products by co-extrusion, in particular sausage, and food products obtained with this method
WO2006135238A3 (fr) * 2005-06-17 2007-03-22 Stork Townsend Bv Procede de preparation de produits alimentaires par coextrusion, en particulier preparation de saucisses et produits alimentaires obtenus au moyen dudit procede
EP2260726A3 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2013-05-01 Stork Townsend B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour soumettre des produits alimentaires coextrudés à un flux d'air en deux phases
NL1029931C2 (nl) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-13 Stork Townsend Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het in twee fasen aan een luchtstroom onderwerpen van gecoextrudeerde voedselproducten.
EP2260727A3 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2013-05-01 Stork Townsend B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour soumettre des produits alimentaires coextrudés à un flux d'air en deux phases
EP2260729A3 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2013-05-01 Stork Townsend B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour soumettre des produits alimentaires coextrudés à un flux d'air en deux phases
EP2260728A3 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2013-05-01 Stork Townsend B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour soumettre des produits alimentaires coextrudés à un flux d'air en deux phases
WO2007032678A1 (fr) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-22 Stork Townsend B.V. Procede et dispositif pour soumettre des produits alimentaires coextrudes a un flux d'air en deux phases
US11470873B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2022-10-18 Marel Meat B.V. Method and device for subjecting co-extruded food products to an airflow in two phases
RU2509470C2 (ru) * 2008-06-20 2014-03-20 Фмк Корпорейшн Пищевой продукт, имеющий оболочку
US8980349B2 (en) 2008-06-20 2015-03-17 Fmc Corporation Food product having a casing
ES2350558A1 (es) * 2009-04-14 2011-01-25 Institut De Recerca I Tecnologia Agroalimentaries Procedimiento de elaboracion de productos alimenticios y producto alimenticio embutido obtenido mediante dicho procedimiento.
WO2010119404A1 (fr) * 2009-04-14 2010-10-21 Institut De Recerca I Tecnologia Agroalimentàries Procédé pour préparer des produits alimentaires et produit alimentaire de type saucisse obtenu par ledit procédé
NL2009121C2 (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-07 Marel Townsend Further Proc Bv Stabilized meat products.
WO2014007630A3 (fr) * 2012-07-04 2014-02-27 Marel Townsend Further Processing B.V. Produits carnés stabilisés
US10117440B2 (en) 2012-07-04 2018-11-06 Marel Townsend Further Processing B.V. Stabilized meat products
WO2016027261A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 Freddy Hirsch Group Boyau pour produits alimentaires
WO2016120594A1 (fr) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 Marlow Foods Limited Champignons comestibles
AU2016211049B2 (en) * 2015-01-27 2019-12-19 Marlow Foods Limited Edible fungi
AU2016211049C1 (en) * 2015-01-27 2023-10-26 Marlow Foods Limited Edible fungi
EP3732980A1 (fr) 2019-04-30 2020-11-04 Viscofan, S.A. Film comestible et procédé de fabrication
US11700866B2 (en) 2020-06-04 2023-07-18 Umaro Foods, Inc. Food products resembling whole muscle meat and seafood
WO2021248047A1 (fr) * 2020-06-04 2021-12-09 Trophic Llc Produits alimentaires ressemblant à de la viande de muscle entier et aux fruits de mer
WO2022171372A1 (fr) 2021-02-09 2022-08-18 Sonjal Procédé de préparation d'un gel d'enrobage de mêlée de saucisse comprenant un traitement à haute pression
FR3119516A1 (fr) 2021-02-09 2022-08-12 Sonjal Procédé de préparation d’un gel d’enrobage de mêlée de saucisse comprenant un traitement à haute pression
WO2023153929A1 (fr) 2022-02-11 2023-08-17 Hanze Food B.V. Composition liante pour lier un enrobage d'alginate à un aliment végétarien ou végétalien
NL2030910B1 (en) 2022-02-11 2023-08-18 Hanze Food B V Bonding composition for a vegetarian or vegan foodstuff
WO2023161794A1 (fr) * 2022-02-23 2023-08-31 Dante Renzini S.R.L. Procédé de production d'une saucisse à manger avec les doigts

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AU3823099A (en) 1999-11-16
EP1083798A1 (fr) 2001-03-21
CA2330011A1 (fr) 1999-11-04

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