WO1999025069A1 - Procede et dispositif d'entrelacement, et support d'enregistrement dans lequel on a enregistre un programme de production de motifs d'entrelacement - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif d'entrelacement, et support d'enregistrement dans lequel on a enregistre un programme de production de motifs d'entrelacement Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999025069A1 WO1999025069A1 PCT/JP1998/005027 JP9805027W WO9925069A1 WO 1999025069 A1 WO1999025069 A1 WO 1999025069A1 JP 9805027 W JP9805027 W JP 9805027W WO 9925069 A1 WO9925069 A1 WO 9925069A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
- H03M13/2789—Interleaver providing variable interleaving, e.g. variable block sizes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/23—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using convolutional codes, e.g. unit memory codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
- H03M13/2703—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques the interleaver involving at least two directions
- H03M13/271—Row-column interleaver with permutations, e.g. block interleaving with inter-row, inter-column, intra-row or intra-column permutations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
- H03M13/2767—Interleaver wherein the permutation pattern or a portion thereof is stored
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interleaving method, an interleaving device, and a recording medium on which an interleaving pattern creation program is recorded.
- the present invention relates to an interleaving technique for improving the capability of an error correction code for a burst error, and more particularly, to an interleaving method for increasing the randomness of the data to improve the effect of the interleaving.
- the present invention relates to a method, an interleaving device, and a recording medium recording an interleave pattern creation program. Background art
- a turbo encoder using an error-correcting code with a high capability recently proposed is composed of a plurality of encoders, and an interleaver (interleaver) is used to reduce the correlation between redundant sequences between the encoders. (Means for performing a bing process). This interleaver has become very important in determining the performance of the one-button code.
- turbo coding using such an interleaver there is a demand for a method of executing an in-line re-live process suitable for a transmission system such as the mobile communication system described above.
- the interleaving method aims at randomizing the bit order of the input bit sequence and the bit order of the output bit sequence. This aspect can be used as a scale to evaluate the ability of the interleaving method.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block-in-band re-moving method which is a conventional inter-leaving method.
- one frame of data 100 is composed of 1152 bits.
- the array 110 has an N x M (N rows and M columns) buffer into which M bits are written in the row direction, for example, as shown in the row vector 115 of the hatched area A, and the hatched area.
- the interleaving method is realized by reading out N bits in the column direction as in the column vector 120 of section B. When this interleaving method is evaluated from the above viewpoint, (1) continuous 2-bit input does not separate more than N bits in the output sequence 130 after interleaving.
- a first object is to provide an interleaving method that improves the effect of interleaving compared to the case of reading and writing in chronological order.
- an interleaving method is directed to an interleaving method for inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length, wherein the data of the data sequence is Writing data to one interleaver, reading data from the first interleaver in units of columns or rows, executing a first step of writing data to a plurality of second interleavers for each column or row, Data from each of the two interleavers, and writing the data to one or more third interleavers as needed. From each of the interleavers resulting from repeating the second step one or more times, or from the first interleaver. The data is read out from each of the binary data resulting from the above steps and a data sequence is output.
- the above invention may be configured as follows.
- a first step of writing a data sequence in one direction to a first interleaver is executed, Read out data from the interleaver in units of columns or rows, and write the read data in one direction to a second interleaver having a capacity different from that of the first interleaver in units of columns or rows.
- the above-described interleaving method may be configured as follows.
- an interleaving method for inputting a data sequence of a unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length a first method of writing the data sequence in one direction to a first interleaver.
- Executing the step reading data from the first interleaver in units of columns or rows, and writing the read data unidirectionally to a second interleaver having a capacity different from that of the first interleaver.
- the data is read from the interleaver generated by executing the third step of writing to the capacity interleaver, and the data sequence is output.
- the fourth step of executing the second step and the third step by regarding the interval generated by executing the third step as the first interval is performed.
- the data is read out from the interleaver generated by repeating once or multiple times, and the data sequence is output.
- the above-described interleaving method may be configured as follows.
- a plurality of interleaving patterns are registered in a table in advance, and the input data is referred to by referring to the table. Any one of the plurality of interleaving patterns is applied to the stream for output, and the output is further applied to any of the plurality of interleaving patterns for output.
- the table pre-registers at least an interleaving pattern obtained by the interleaving method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
- the process of further changing the order is repeated. Since it is applied, it is possible to improve the effect of the evening reverberation as compared with the case where the reading and writing are performed once in order of time.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide an interleaving method that can flexibly cope with various types of interleaving while reducing the amount of data required for interleaving.
- the present invention provides an input method using an interleaving pattern in an interleaving method for inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length.
- the interleaving pattern description of the first unit and the interleaving pattern description of the second unit are used. This is a method for creating an in-between leave pattern description.
- the present invention also creates an interleave pattern description of a predetermined length unit by using the above-described method of creating an interleave pattern description a plurality of times.
- the interleave pattern description is an interleave pattern table or an interleave pattern equation that describes an interleave pattern.
- the interleaving method of the present invention may be configured as follows. In an interleaving method of inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length, an interleaving pattern description of a first unit and an interleaving pattern description of a second unit are used. Then, an interleaving pattern description of the third unit is created, and an interleaving process is performed using the created interleaving pattern description.
- the interleaving method of the present invention may be configured as follows. In an interleaving method of inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length, the interleaving pattern description of the first unit and the interleaving pattern description of the second unit are used. Then, an interleaving destination in the series of the third unit is calculated, and an interleaving process is performed based on the calculation result.
- the present invention also provides an interleaved pattern description of the first unit and an interleaved pattern of the second unit using the interleaved pattern description created by the interleaved pattern description creating method having the above configuration.
- a description is created and calculated from the created interleaved pattern description of the first unit and the generated interleaved pattern description of the second unit, thereby interleaving the data series of the third unit. Perform processing.
- the present invention also provides the interleaving method, wherein the interleaving pattern description is an interleaving pattern table or an interleaving pattern equation that describes an interleaving pattern.
- the conventional pattern table requires a memory of 100 bits. However, according to the present invention, a 100-bit 'interleave' pattern table is used.
- the 900-bit 'interleave' pattern table is represented by a 20-bit 'interleave.pattern.table X 50-bit' interleave 'pattern table, so that fixed-length interleave' Patterns • 1000 and 900 bits of in-leaving can be performed without increasing the table.
- the description method of the interleaved pattern according to the present invention may be configured as follows.
- an interleaving method for inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length a method for preparing a description of the interleave pattern when interleaving input data using an interleaving pattern
- An interleave pattern description language for defining an interleave pattern is interpreted, and an interleave pattern description creation method according to claim 9 is used to create an interleave pattern description based on a result of the interpretation.
- the present invention interprets an interleave pattern description language that defines an interleave pattern, and performs interleaving using the interleaving method according to claim 13 based on the interpreted result.
- the description method of the interleaved pattern according to the present invention may be configured as follows. Description of the interleaving pattern when interleaving input data using an interleaving pattern in an interleaving method that inputs a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputs an interleaved sequence of the unit length In the creation method, when a certain unit length is given, first, the first-stage interleave pattern description is determined, and then, the interleave pattern description corresponding to each of the vertical and horizontal interleavers after the first stage is determined. Any stage or An interleaving pattern description is generated by repeating until interleaving becomes impossible.
- the method for creating a description of an interleaved pattern according to the present invention may be configured as follows.
- the generated interleave pattern description is inspected, and if the inspection fails, some or all of the parameters are changed, the interleave pattern description is regenerated, and this is repeated until the inspection passes. Is repeated to finally generate an interactive pattern description that has passed the inspection.
- the generated interleaved pattern description is an interleaved pattern table, an interleaved pattern equation, or an interleaved pattern description language.
- the present invention provides a method of applying an interleaving method to a transmission system device, a turbo encoder, and the like, an apparatus such as the transmission system device and an encoder, and an interleaving pattern creating program suitable for a certain object.
- a third object is to provide a recording medium on which is recorded.
- an interleaved pattern creating method is configured as follows. Description of the interleaving pattern when input data is interleaved using an interleaving pattern in an interleaving method that inputs a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputs an interleaved sequence of the unit length.
- the number of rows or columns of the block interleaver corresponding to the unit length is determined using an interleave pattern list suitable for a predetermined application target. , Determined number of rows Alternatively, the step of determining the number of columns or the number of rows from the number of columns is repeated until the specified number of columns or rows is defined in the instantaneous pattern list. Create the interleave pattern for the order.
- the number of rows or columns of the block interleaver corresponding to the unit length is determined by a predetermined number, and A first step of determining the number of rows using the determined number of columns, or determining the number of columns using the determined number of rows, as an interleaving pattern corresponding to the number Is performed, and the number of rows or columns of the block interleaver corresponding to the predetermined number of rows or columns is determined by using a predetermined interleave pattern list suitable for the application target.
- the second step of determining the number of columns from the determined number of rows, or the second step of determining the number of rows from the determined number of columns, is described above in which the interleaving pattern corresponding to the number of rows or the number of columns is predetermined.
- the interleaving pattern corresponding to the previous row or column is sequentially created from the obtained interleaved pattern corresponding to the last row and column, and as a result, the unit length of theinterval is obtained. Create a leave pattern.
- the present invention further checks the created interleave pattern of the unit length, and re-creates the interleaved pattern of the unit length based on the result of the check.
- turbo coding is applied as an adaptation target, and the number of rows in the first stage is set to seven.
- transmission is to be applied, and the number of columns in the first stage is the number of slots in one frame. According to the above invention, it is possible to obtain an interleaved pattern suitable for turbo coding, transmission, and the like.
- the present invention provides an interleaving apparatus for performing interleaving for inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length, comprising one or more interleaving units.
- the table pre-registers at least an interleaving pattern by the interleaving method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
- the interleaving pattern is based on the interleaving pattern creating method according to claim 21.
- an interleaving destination of an input data sequence is calculated, and an interleaving process is performed based on the calculation result, and data is output.
- a recording medium on which a program according to the present invention is recorded to achieve the above object is provided with an interleaving pattern in an interleaving method for inputting a data sequence of a certain unit length and outputting an interleaved sequence of the unit length.
- the program determines in advance the number of rows or columns of the block interleaver corresponding to the unit length.
- the appropriate interleave for the intended application Using the pattern list, and determining the number of columns or rows from the determined number of rows or columns until the defined number of columns or rows is defined in the interleaved pattern list.
- An interleaved pattern of the unit length is created from the interleaved pattern obtained by repeatedly executing the pattern.
- a predetermined number of The number of rows or columns of the block interleaver corresponding to the unit length is determined, the interleave pattern corresponding to the number is set as a predetermined interleave pattern, and the number of rows is determined using the determined number of columns.
- a first step of determining the number of columns using the determined number of rows is performed, and the number of rows or columns of the block-in receiver corresponding to the determined number of rows or columns is determined in advance. The number of columns is determined from the determined number of rows, or the number of rows is determined from the determined number of columns.
- the program further checks the created interleave pattern of the unit length, and, based on the result of the check, again executes the interleave pattern. Recreate the unit length interleave pattern.
- an interleaved pattern creating program of the present invention is recorded.
- the program is turbo encoding as an adaptation target, and the number of rows in the first row is seven.
- the program is transmitted as an adaptation target, and the number of columns in the first row is the number of slots in one frame.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional interleaving method.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an interleaving method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an interleaving method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an interleaving method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an interleaving method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an interleaving method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an interleaving method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a first case of symbol-based in-leaving.
- FIG. 10 shows the second case of interleaving in symbol units.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a third case of interleaving in symbol units.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving process.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the interleaving processing according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the interleaving process according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the interleaving process according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the interleaving process according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the definition of an interleaved pattern description language.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining an example of the definition of the interleave pattern description language.
- FIG. 25 illustrates an example of an interleaved pattern description language definition.
- Figure 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of the definition of interleaving and pattern description languages.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining an implementation in the case of being defined by an interleaved pattern description language.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining an implementation in the case of being defined by an interleaved pattern description language.
- Fig. 29 is a diagram for explaining the realization in the case where it is defined in an in-leaved pattern description language.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining an implementation in the case of being defined by an interleaving pattern description language.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining an implementation in the case of being defined by an interleaved pattern description language.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a flow of a procedure for generating an interleave pattern.
- Fig. 33 is a flowchart showing the procedure for determining the generated leave pattern.
- FIG. 34 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a turbo encoder.
- FIG. 35 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a mobile radio transceiver.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating an example of dinterleaving.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of dinterleaving.
- FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating the creation of an interleaved pattern suitable for turbo coding.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the details of the process of determining the interleaving pattern.
- FIG. 40 is a table showing a list of predetermined interleave patterns used in the process of determining interleave patterns.
- Figure 41 shows an interleaved 'no', 'turn multistage' interface. It is a figure which shows the detail of the preparation process by the re-bing method.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining one step in the process of creating an interleave pattern.
- FIG. 43 is a specific example of the creation process of FIG.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining another example of the process of creating an interleaved pattern.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram for explaining the check of the created interleaved pattern.
- FIG. 46 is a flowchart illustrating the creation of an interleave pattern suitable for a transmission line interleaver.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing details of the process of determining the interleaving pattern.
- FIG. 48 is a table showing a list of predetermined interleaving patterns used for creating an interleaving pattern.
- FIG. 49 is a diagram showing details of the creation process by the interleaving and the multi-turn interleaving method.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating an example of an apparatus that performs interleaving.
- FIG. 2 and 3 show an interleaving method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the interleaving method of the present invention is applicable not only to a 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver but also to a general N ⁇ M interleaver.
- each of the 16 column columns 220, etc. is composed of 72 bits, and this column vector 220, etc. is read out and read.
- the output 130 of FIG. 1 next to “0” is “16”. Therefore, in the input data, these two bits are 16 bits apart. Examining all the bits in the same way shows that the two consecutive output bits are at least 16 bits apart in the input sequence.
- the above scale (2) is 16 bits.
- the scale (2) is 128 bits, and it can be seen that the method of the first embodiment has improved the interleaving ability.
- Fig. 3 shows a method of repeating the interleaving in one more step.
- the data is sequentially read in the column direction with respect to the 3 ⁇ 3 interleaver 285 and the like, and the output, that is, the data 295 that has been interleaved is taken out.
- the scale (2) is 384 bits, and it can be seen that the interleaving ability can be improved by performing repeated interleaving.
- FIG. 4 shows an interleaving method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 72 ⁇ 16 interleave bits 3 10 are read out in the column direction.
- the row vector 3 15 of the 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 310 is read in the second embodiment.
- the 6 bits are read out and written in the row direction to the 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 320, 330, etc. in the same manner.
- the columns such as the 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 320 are sequentially read, and the data is returned to the respective rows of the 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 310.
- another 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 335 may be used in place of the previous 72 ⁇ 16 interlinometer.
- the data arrangement in each column in the 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 310 is the same, but the arrangement of each column is different.
- the in-leaving ability is evaluated from the viewpoint of the above scale (1).
- the input data "0" and "1" are 72 bits apart in the interleaved data.
- the above scale (1) is found to be 72 bits.
- the above scale (1) is 288 bits, which indicates that the capability of the interleaving was able to be improved.
- FIG. 5 shows an interleaving method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. You.
- the present embodiment is a method in which the first and second embodiments are combined and the respective interleaving methods are repeated.
- each of the 4 columns is composed of 4 bits.
- the two bits of the column such as the 2 ⁇ 2 interleaver 420 are sequentially read out for each column, and the data is returned to the respective columns of the 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 410.
- another 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 440 may be used in place of the previous 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 410.
- two bits of a column such as a 2 ⁇ 2 interleaver 445 are sequentially read out column by column, and data is returned to each row of the 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 410 or 440.
- another 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 470 may be used in place of the previous 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 4 i0 or 4 40.
- the buffer of the 4 ⁇ 4 interleaver 411 or 440 or 470 is read in the column direction, and the interleaved data 480 is read. Take out.
- the scales (1) and (2) can be simultaneously improved, and the interleaving ability can be further improved.
- the buffer of the same N ⁇ M buffer size is used. Even with interleaving, a continuous 2-bit input can be separated by more than 2 N bits in an interleaved output sequence that is sufficiently controlled, and a continuous 2-bit output can be separated by 2 in the input sequence. It can be separated by M bits or more. For example, in the case of interleaving with a buffer size of 8x8, the output sequence after reinterleaving can be separated more than 2x8 bits by 3 repetitions, and the output of 2 consecutive bits is In the input sequence, it can be separated by 2 X 8 bits or more.
- the present invention can be used for randomizing a burst error generated in a burst error transmission path or a burst error recording medium. It can also be used as an interleaving method applied to evening-both coding.
- FIG. 6 shows the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of interleaving similar to FIG. However, in the example of FIG. 2, in the first interleaving step, the input sequence is divided into a plurality of 16-bit blocks, but the blocks remain in chronological order.
- the example of Fig. 7 In the mouthpiece, pseudo-random 'interleaving is performed, and writing is performed to the 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 700.
- pseudo-random 'interleaving is performed, and writing is performed to the 72 ⁇ 16 interleaver 700.
- bit-by-bit interleaving method has been described.
- interleaving can be performed in the same manner in the symbol unit.
- this example will be described as a sixth embodiment.
- the block interleaver of 4 symbols x 8 symbols in Fig. 9 is interleaved in the manner already described for bit-wise interleaving, and the symbols of the interleave are converted into bits and the interleaving is performed. The value is '660', and reading is performed.
- the first object is achieved, and the process of writing or reading the buffer once is performed. After performing the above, it is possible to improve the interleaving effect compared to the case where reading and writing are performed one time at a time by repeatedly applying the process of changing the order.
- Such an interleaving method is referred to as a multiple interleaving method.
- the rearrangement in the interleaving is performed in units of bits or symbols.
- the above-described method describes a method of writing data to a buffer or the like and reading the data.
- the method includes information for changing the order by interleaving as a pattern (hereinafter referred to as an interleaving pattern), and refers to the information. It is also possible to rearrange. Interleaving is processed in bit units, symbol units, etc., but the following shows an example in which it is performed in bit units for simplification.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which 16-bit sequence interleaving is performed.
- interleaving is performed in units of bits by referring to an interleaving pattern table.
- the input 16-bit sequence 670 to be interleaved is represented by the bits (or the bits) in the input sequence according to the order stored in the interleave 'pattern' table 680. The order of symbols, etc.) is changed.
- the order shown in the in-leave pattern table shown there is 0, 8, 4, 12, 12, 2, ... in the vertical order as shown by arrows. read out.
- the input 16-bit sequence is sequentially replaced with the 0th bit of the input sequence as the 0th output sequence and the 1st bit with the 8th output sequence. Then, the interleaved bit sequence is output.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show an example in which a 16-bit sequence 670 is interleaved. That is, an interleave table showing the conversion of a 4-bit sequence, an evening table A and an interleave pattern table B are prepared, and from these two 4-bit interleave pattern tables, Generate an interactive pattern table 680 indicating the conversion of the 16 (4 ⁇ 4) bit sequence. Then, using the generated 16-bit sequence interleaving 'pattern' table, the input 16-bit sequence 670 is interleaved.
- table A prepared in advance defines the writing direction of table C, or table B defines the vertical direction of writing direction of table C.
- i is an address indicating the position of the bit in the sequence, and is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
- the addresses indicating the position of the sequence are i, j, k, ... ⁇ And an integer greater than or equal to 0.
- a [i] denotes the ith element of Table A. "is the remainder operator, i% LA means the remainder of dividing i by LA, and , I ZL A means the integer part of the result of dividing i by LA (the number obtained by truncating the decimal part) The same applies to the following equation.
- Table B shall specify the vertical direction of table C.
- the interleaved 'pattern' table C680 is generated by writing the result in the horizontal direction to the interleave pattern table C680.
- table C When interleaving, table C is read out sequentially in the vertical direction, and in-leaving of the input sequence is performed with reference to it ((1) in Fig. 13). This permutes the order of the bits in the sequence according to the order stored in the interleave pattern table C680.
- the reading direction does not necessarily need to be downward.
- the writing direction does not necessarily have to be rightward.
- the reading direction can be set to the upward direction, that is, the direction opposite to the direction shown in the figure.
- FIG. 13 it is assumed that the table A specifies the writing direction of the table C or the table B specifies the vertical direction of the writing direction of the table C, but the relation between the tables A and B can be interchanged. Interleave pattern ⁇ Tables A and B may be the same pattern or different patterns.
- FIG. 14 illustrates another operation that achieves a result similar to the example of FIG.
- table A defines the horizontal pattern of table C
- table B defines the vertical direction of table C. This result is written vertically to Table C.
- the interleaving, pattern, and tables A and B may be switched.
- Tables A and B may be the same pattern or different patterns. If tables A and B are identical, only one of tables A or B may be used.
- table C When interleaving, table C is read out sequentially in the same (longitudinal) direction, and the input sequence is interleaved with reference to it ((1) in Fig. 14).
- FIG. 15 shows an example in which 15-bit interleaving is performed instead of the 16-bit interleaving shown in FIGS. 13 and 14.
- Table C describes a 16-bit interleaving pattern, so when interleaving 15 bits, Table C must be written vertically. It reads in order, and if it reads more than 15 numbers, it discards them and performs 15-bit interleaving ((1) in Figure 15). As shown in Figure 15, by skipping over 15 when reading table C, 15-bit interleaving can be performed. By disabling the writing of 5 or more, it is possible to create a table C that describes a 15-bit interleaving pattern and perform interleaving based on this. In other words, in FIG. 15, using Table A storing the 4-bit interleaved pattern and Table B storing the 4-bit interleaved pattern, 15 ( ⁇ 4 X
- a pattern having a certain interleave length can be represented by a plurality of combinations of patterns having smaller interleave lengths, and the amount of memory for fixed-length patterns can be reduced.
- the 900-bit 'interleave' turn 'table is represented by a 20-bit' interleave 'pattern' table X 50-bit 'interleave. It is possible to interleave 1000 bits and 900 bits without increasing the leave 'pattern' table, and to perform interleaving corresponding to the interleaving length.
- an eighth embodiment will be described.
- FIGS. 16 and 17 show the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of a 16-bit sequence from which a result similar to that of the example of FIG. 13 is obtained.
- the interleave pattern shown in Figure 13 • Table C is not created.
- Table A storing the 4-bit interleaving pattern
- Table B storing the 4-bit interleaving pattern
- the destination of the bits in the sequence is calculated ((1) in Figure 16).
- Interleaving is performed based on the results ((1) in Fig. 16).
- the formula for calculating the j-th interleaving destination for the first element in the series from the direct tables A and B is similar to the formula in Fig. 14.
- Tables A and B may be interchanged. Also, the interleaving 'pattern' tables A and B may be the same pattern or different patterns. If tables A and B are identical, only one of tables A or B may be used. 0,
- the interleave 'pattern equation (710, 720) is used to specify the interleave. Then, the interleaving pattern equation is calculated at the time of interleaving (1 in FIG. 17) to perform interleaving (2 in FIG. 17).
- the j-th interleaving destination for the i-th element in the 16-bit sequence is calculated by using both the equation a describing the 4-bit interleaving pattern and the equation b in sequence. . After all,.
- equations a and b may be interchanged.
- the interleaved pattern equations a and b may be the same or different. If equations a and b are the same, only one of equations a or b may be used.
- a 16-bit interleave is calculated from the provided 4-bit equation, the calculation result is first written to a table, and an interleave 'pattern' table is created. It is also possible to perform interleaving afterwards. This is the same as the seventh embodiment in which interleaving is not specified by a table but specified by an expression.
- A B
- two interleaving' pattern 'tables but another interleaving is performed.
- the ninth embodiment is an example in which the processing described in the seventh embodiment or the eighth embodiment is repeatedly used a plurality of times. A ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 18 shows two 2-bit interleaving turns.
- the operation to generate the interleaved 'pattern table D 7 30 is, for example,
- Tables A and B may be interchanged. Interleave No ,. Turns' Tables A, B, and C may be the same pattern or different patterns. In the case of the same pattern, only one of the tables may be used. If tables A and B are identical,
- the reading direction and the writing direction do not necessarily have to be the same direction. It does not have to be the direction shown in the figure.
- FIG. 19 shows two 2-bit interleaving patterns by repeatedly combining the processing shown in FIG. 16 according to the eighth embodiment with a plurality of times.
- Tables A and B and a 4-bit interleaving pattern In this example, 16-bit interleaving is performed using table C.
- FIG. 19 first, the j-th place where the 4-bit i d (0 ⁇ id d 4) -th bit is replaced is calculated with reference to tables A and B ((1) in FIG. 15). This operation is, for example,
- interleaving is performed by changing the order of the bits in the 16-bit sequence ((3) in Fig. 19).
- Tables A and B may be interchanged.
- the interleaving 'no,' turn 'tables A, B, and C may be the same pattern or different patterns. In the case of the same pattern, only one of the tables may be used. If tables A and B are identical,
- an interleaved 'pattern' table can be created.
- FIG. 20 is an example in which the process of FIG. 17 of the eighth embodiment in which the interleaving is defined by an equation is repeated.
- Figure 21 shows an example of defining interleaving by equations and tables, creating an interleaving 'pattern' table based on the interleaving, and performing interleaving.
- the equation a describing the 2-bit interleaving pattern and the 2-bit interleaving 'pattern table B from the table B have a 4-bit interleaving equation d, that is,
- FIG. 22 shows a modification of FIG. 13 in which a 16-bit table is created from a plurality of 4-bit tables.
- Tables A 0 to A 3 define the writing direction of table C and table B specifies the writing direction of table C), and create a re-table C 770 (see (2) in FIG. 22). Then, reinterleaving is performed by referring to table C ((2) in Fig. 22).
- Tables A0 to A3 and B may be interchanged.
- Inter Leave pattern ⁇ Table 8 0 to A3 and B may be the same pattern or different patterns.
- the read direction need not necessarily be downward. Also, the writing direction does not necessarily have to be rightward.
- the interleave pattern recognition language is recognized and the interleave of the above-described seventh to ninth embodiments and the like is performed.
- interleaving patterns are created and interleaving is performed.
- FIGS. 23 to 26 are diagrams illustrating the definition of the interleaved pattern description language.
- FIGS. 27 to 31 show that if an expression written in the interleaved pattern description language defined in FIGS. 23 to 26 is given, that language is recognized and the above-described seventh to ninth implementations are performed. This is an example in which an interleaving pattern is created using any one of the forms or combinations, and interleaving is performed.
- Figure 32 Interleave 'no. It is a figure explaining performing automatic creation of a turn.
- FIG. 33 is a flowchart for explaining a flow for determining an evening live pattern.
- FIG 23 illustrates Interleave's pattern description language definition 1: L [NxM].
- L CNxM] means Nx M block interleaver. This interleaver means that an L-bit sequence is interleaved by an N XM block interleaver. As an example, a state is shown in which a sequence of bits is interleaved by a block interleaver of L [NxM].
- Figure 24 illustrates Definition 2: R ⁇ A ⁇ .
- R ⁇ A ⁇ If so, it means that the A bits are sorted in reverse order.
- R ⁇ 6 ⁇ indicates that the 6-bit sequence is sorted in reverse order.
- Figure 25 illustrates Definition 3: L [N1xMKN2xM2, ...].
- L [Nl x Ml, N2 x M2, ⁇ ] means that multiple sequences (each sequence has L bits) are interleaved by the corresponding receiver. I do. As an example, when it is described as 6 [3X2, 2x3], it is shown that two 6-bit sequences are interleaved, respectively.
- Figure 26 illustrates Definition 4: L [N1 [N2xM2] xM1].
- L CN 1 xM 1 [N2 XM2]] is written, the L bit is interleaved by an N 1 XM 1 block interleaver, and then N 1 horizontal arrays (M 1 bit) is interleaved by an N 2 XM 2 block interleaver.
- the 6-bit sequence 780 is a 4x4 block 'interleaver A 790
- Interleaver F 800 is used to summarize the results of interleavers BE.
- the interleaving description language described above is used to generate an interleaving pattern. It can be used to perform input sequence interleaving with reference to it.
- Figure 27 shows an example in which the interleave pattern description language implements the interleave pattern creation request expressed as 16 [4 [2 X 2] X 4 [2 X 2]] by the interleave method described above. Is shown.
- the first-stage interleaver is a 4 ⁇ 4 block interleaver that performs 16-bit interleaving.
- Each horizontal array (4 bits) of the first stage interleaver is interleaved by a 2 ⁇ 2 interleaver.
- Each vertical array (4 bits) of the first stage interleaver is interleaved by a 2 ⁇ 2 interleaver.
- Figure 27 illustrates how this is achieved.
- the input 16-bit sequence 810 is written to a 4 ⁇ 4 block interleaver A 820 (1 in FIG. 27).
- they are read out horizontally from interleaver A 820 and reinterleaved by 2 ⁇ 2 interleavers B to E, respectively (2 in FIG. 27).
- This is written into the interleaver F830 ((3) in Fig. 27), then read out in the vertical direction, and reinterleaved by the 2X2 interleavers G to J ((2) in Fig. 27). ).
- Figure 24 shows the interleave processing request expressed as 16 [4 [2X2] X4 [2X2]] in the interleave 'pattern description language, similar to that of Figure 23. Example realized by interleaving method Is shown.
- the process up to the creation of the in-leaf leave pattern described by the processes (1) to (4) in FIG. 28 is the same as the process from (1) to (4) in FIG. Thereafter, the described interleaving can be performed by referring to the created interleave 'north' table 850 to perform interleaving ((2) in Fig. 28).
- FIGS. 29 and 30 show that when an expression written by the above-described interleaved pattern description language is given, the language is recognized, and the seventh to ninth embodiments or a combination thereof are used.
- This is an example of creating an interleaving pattern and performing interleaving.
- FIG. 29 shows a request for creating an interleaved pattern (or a request for interleaving processing) described as 16 [4 [2 X 2] x 4 [2 x 2]]. This indicates that the interleaving process described in (1) is repeatedly used.
- Fig. 29 in order to realize the interleaved pattern expressed in the interleaved pattern description language, first, the interleaved 'pattern tables A to D are used to create the interleaved' pattern tables E and F. (1 and 2 in Figure 25). Next, an interleave pattern table G860 is created by performing calculations using the interleave 'pattern' tables E and F ((3) in Fig. 29). If the request is to perform interleaving, the interleaving is performed using this interleaving pattern table G ((2) in Fig. 29).
- FIG. 30 shows a request for creating an interleave pattern (or an interleave processing request) also described as 16 [4 [2 X 2] x 4 [2 x 2]], for example, as shown in FIG. This is achieved by repeating the processing described in.
- the 2-bit interleaved pattern equations a to d is used to create the 4-bit interleaved 'pattern equations e and f' (1 and 2 in Fig. 30).
- a 16-bit interleaving 'pattern equation g' is created from the 4-bit interleaving pattern equation e and f (3 and ⁇ in Fig. 30), and interleaving is performed using this (Fig. 30). 30 05).
- the same interleaving process can be performed only by reading the interleave table without having to recreate it again at the next time or another interleaver.
- FIG. 31 shows a case where an interleave processing request also described as 16 [4 [2 x 2] X 4 [2 X 2]] is performed. For example, a 4-bit interleave of 4 [2 X 2] is already performed. It is assumed that a pattern has already been retained.
- FIG. 31 a method similar to that of FIG. 29 is used.
- the system already has an interleaving pattern of 4 [2 X 2] in the form of interleaved pattern tables A and B. Therefore, without performing the processing corresponding to 4 [2 X 2] ((1) and (2) in Fig. 29), an interleave pattern is created by referring to the retained interleave pattern (Fig. 31) 1) Interleaving is performed with reference to the created inter- nal pattern table C (C in Fig. 31).
- 16 [4 [2 X 2] X 4 [2 X 2]] can be generated from the held 4 [2 X 2] interleaver.
- the method of realizing the interleaved pattern expressed in the interleaved pattern description language shown in FIGS. 27 to 31 is not limited to this.For example, these processes can be performed in combination. . Therefore, the interleaving 'pattern' can use either the interleaving 'pattern' table or the interleaving pattern equation. -T / JP98.
- an interleaving pattern of the first stage (LN1 ⁇ M1) is determined (S102).
- an interleave pattern of a plurality of second-stage interleavers corresponding to the vertical and horizontal directions of the first-stage interconnector is determined (S104).
- the in-leave pattern of the third-level inverter corresponding to the second-level interval is similarly determined (S106). This process is repeated at an arbitrary stage or until interleaving cannot be performed (S108), and an interleave pattern (may be written in an interleave pattern description language) is generated (S110). ).
- the method of determining the interleave pattern of each stage's interleaver is a factorization method, a method of determining with reference to a list, and squaring the size of the interleaving length of each stage to a real number close to it.
- a method of selecting an odd or prime number for the value of N or M of the N ⁇ M interleaver at each stage can be used. This method is called a multi-stage interleaving method.
- Fig. 33 shows a flow chart for selecting the ones suitable for use from the above-mentioned in-leave patterns generated.
- an interleaving pattern corresponding to the interleaving length is generated (S204), and the generated interleaving pattern is inspected (S206). .
- test fails, change some or all of the interleaver patterns in each stage shown in Figure 32, regenerate the interleave 'pattern, and generate a new interleave pattern. (S204). This is repeated until the test passes, to determine the final interleaving pattern to be generated. Items to be inspected include the strength of burst error resilience and the strength of randomness of interleaved bits. In particular, when it is assumed to be used as a turbo code interleaver, a code weight check and a code weight check based on a trellis end point may be performed.
- the present invention is applied to any interleaved unit such as a symbol or a unit.
- the length of the sequence to be interleaved may change with time.
- the use of the memory amount can be suppressed, and the interleaving length that does not hold the interleaved pattern can be obtained. Can respond flexibly. In other words, if this method is not used, when interleaving 100 bits, a table describing how to exchange each bit of 100 bits is required, and the interleave length (order of The larger the total number of bits, symbols, and other units to be swapped, the larger the amount of memory required to store the interleave pattern table. Also, when the interleaving length changes, it is necessary to prepare in advance a plurality of interleaving patterns corresponding to the only types of interleaving length.
- the amount of memory for storing the interleave pattern tables of each interleave length increases. For example, in an interleaver in which the interleaving length changes to 10 bits, 100 bits, 100 bits, and 100 bits, the interleave pattern is stored in the memory.
- the generated interleave pattern can be examined for its characteristics, and an interleave pattern that has been determined to have poor characteristics is added to a well-characterized interleave pattern by automatically regenerating a system. It is possible to
- FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a turbo encoder.
- the turbo encoder is configured using a recursive systematic convolutional encoder (RSC) (see Fig. 34 (b)).
- RSC recursive systematic convolutional encoder
- the outputs XI to X3 are output for the turbo encoder input d, but the correlation between the redundant bits X1 and X2 is
- the interleaver 11 is inserted before the recursive systematic convolutional encoder (RSC) 13 to reduce the number of signals.
- the turbo decoder is composed of two decoders, an interleaver, and a deinterleaver that performs the reverse processing of the interleaver.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a part of the configuration of a CDMA transceiver and the like in mobile communication.
- channel coding is performed by the channel encoder 21, then interleaving is performed by the channel interleaver 22, and pilot and symbols are time-division multiplexed into the modulated signal by the SS transmitter 23. Then, spread modulation is performed.
- the pilot RAKE combining using symbols is performed, channel ding is performed in the din taller 26, and decoding is performed in the channel and the decoder 27.
- a turbo encoder is used for the channel encoder 21 and a turbo decoder is used for the channel decoder 27.
- the tables described in FIGS. 12A and 12B can be used as the entry table used in these apparatuses.
- FIG. 36 An example of the interleaving performed by the channel deinterleaver 26 and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 and 37.
- FIG. 36 An example of the interleaving performed by the channel deinterleaver 26 and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 and 37.
- the operation to create the interleaved 'pattern' table C [i] (the i-th bit sequence C) is
- Table A defines the vertical pattern of table C, and table B defines the horizontal direction of table C.
- an interleaved 'pattern' table C is generated, and an output is obtained by referring to the interleaved 'pattern table C' for input.
- (B) of FIG. 36 It is a diagram showing a dinter leave which is the reverse process of the above.
- the generation of the DIN LEAVE 'pattern for DIN LEAVE ⁇ Table C 870 is performed by replacing the above Table A and Table B and performing the same operation.
- the input is 0, 8, 4, 2, '... 7, the output is 0, 1, 2,.
- FIG. 37 is an example in the case of LAXLB> L
- (b) of FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the dinning leave.
- the processing up to table generation is the same as in Fig. 36, but in Fig. 37 (a), L Do not read the value or write a value greater than L when generating the table.
- the arithmetic expression in (b) of Fig. 37 is as follows.
- the Dinterleave method described above can be applied to the above-mentioned interleave, and can also be applied to the interleave described below.
- FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating a method of creating an interleave pattern suitable for a turbo code having an L-bit interleave length.
- the interleaving length of L bits is determined by the decision process described in detail in FIG.
- the interleave 'pattern for the turbo code is determined.
- an interleaving pattern is created based on the determined final result (S308).
- the generated interleave pattern is checked to be suitable for turbo codes having an L-bit interleave length. You can get the untaleive 'pattern.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the details of the process of determining the interactive pattern.
- Reference numeral 40 denotes a table showing a list of predetermined interleave patterns (PIP) used in the process of determining an interleave pattern.
- PIP predetermined interleave patterns
- the predefined interleave pattern list shown in FIG. 40 is a list of interleave patterns known to be suitable for turbo coding.
- N 1 is fixed at 7. Therefore, M 1 divides L by 7, and if that value is an integer, it is that value; otherwise, it is the smallest integer greater than that value.
- N Y 2 is the selected M Y 2 in dividing the M 1, the resulting value is the value if integer greater minimum integer der than that value otherwise.
- IP corresponding to the N Y 2 is defined in the table of FIG. 4 0 If so, the operation on this branch Ends. If not, move to the next step (S306).
- the number of columns MY Z (Z ⁇ 3) is the number of undefined rows in the preceding column N Y (the largest number less than or equal to the square root of Z- ) in the PIP (except 4 and 6) in Figure 40 to. 4 as excluding 6, odd number columns turbo sign-or, large as the better it is good because it is known from experience.
- number N Y 1 of the row Number of rows in front
- interleaved pattern corresponding to another number can be defined in order to finish the process earlier.
- interleaved pattern corresponding to the other number is one that was created by the same method as the preparation method according to the higher order stages shown in FIG 8. The more interleaved patterns defined in FIG. 40, the faster the processing can be completed. Even this way to increase the Intaribu 'patterns shown in FIG. 4 0, M Y Z (Z ⁇ 3) are shown in FIG. 4 0 2, 3, 5, 7,
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the details of the process of creating the interleaved pattern by the multistage interleaving method described above.
- IP interleaved pattern
- FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining one stage in the process of creating an interleaving pattern.
- FIG. 43 is a specific example of the creation process of FIG.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining the final stage of the process of creating an interleave pattern.
- each branch is determined using the N Y (Z + n bit interleaving pattern (IP) for the columns determined in the lower processing and the MY TZ + bit interleaving 'pattern (IP) for the rows).
- IP interleaving 'pattern
- N Y z NY (Z + I XMY (Z + I))
- N Y Z bits are calculated for each branch.
- the pattern [i] is created, where [i] represents the i-th element of the pattern of C '.
- A is the interleave 'no, corresponding to the column NY (Z + 1) .
- Turn (IP) row B is an interleaving pattern (IP) corresponding to M Y (Z + 1) , where takes the remainder divided by the remainder operator and takes the integer part of the result of the division (Truncate minor number) Means that.
- the pattern C 'obtained by this operation is written vertically to the memory having the capacity of vertical N Y (Z + X horizontal MY (Z + ), and it is read out vertically.
- NY 2- bit interleaved 'pattern C can be obtained.
- MY 1 ⁇ if ⁇ + ⁇ ⁇ (the Zeta + By placing the number greater than or equal to New Upsilon 2 without writing to the memory, NY (Z + 1) XM ⁇ ( ⁇ + 1 ) less when interleaved also. turn C can be obtained.
- This interleaving Bed 'pattern similarly by helical flight reading a value greater than or equal to NY Z to come and write all, read when writing Can be obtained.
- the value 15 obtained by the operation is not written into the memory.
- a 15-bit interleave pattern C can be obtained.
- the interleaved pattern (IP) for each row and column from the last stage to the second stage in Fig. 41 is obtained, and similarly, the interleaved pattern (IP) for the first to seventh rows of the first stage is obtained.
- IP interleaved pattern
- an L-bit interleave 0 turn is obtained from the interleave pattern (ip) on the first to seventh lines.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining creation of a tally pattern.
- an L-bit pattern C is created from an N-bit interleave pattern (IP) corresponding to a column and an interleave pattern (IP) corresponding to each of the N rows.
- the operation is such that N is a column and A is a row, and M is a row.
- M (n - n are B.
- an L-bit length interleaved pattern can be created (S308 in FIG. 38).
- the created interleave pattern is checked (S310).
- the L bit sequence before interleaving is compared with the L bit sequence after interleaving, and the last bit of the bit sequence before interleaving is compared. If some or all of the bits within 30 bits from the last bit are interleaved within 30 bits from the last bit after interleaving, the interleaving pattern for this interleaving is Ejected
- the interleaved pattern obtained by the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 38 is suitable for turbo coding.
- This turbo coding assumes a turbo code with a constraint length of 3. That is, as shown in Figure 34 It shows that there are two delay elements (constraint length 1 1) as shown in (16) and (17).
- Figure 46 is a flowchart explaining how to create an interleaved pattern suitable for the transmission system. From the first stage (S 402) to the higher stage (S 406) in FIG. 46, the transmission process having the L-bit interleave length is performed by the decision process described in detail in FIG. Road Interleaving pattern suitable for interleaver is determined. When the interleaving pattern is determined by completing all the processes in the branch of each decision process, an interleaving pattern is created based on the determined final result (S408).
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing details of the process of determining an interleave pattern.
- FIG. 48 is a table showing a list of predetermined interleave patterns (PIP) used in the process of determining the interleave pattern.
- PIP predetermined interleave patterns
- the interleaving pattern defined in Fig. 48 is an interleaving pattern known to be suitable for the transmission system.
- M 1 is the number of first stage this definitive string, in accordance with one frame slot number (interleaving length) are selected from among 1 6, 3 2, 6 4, 1 2 8.
- the number N 1 rows of the first stage the smallest integer greater than or equal to the value of the result of dividing the L by M 1 selected.
- M 2 is predetermined Intaribu that shown in Figure 4 8.
- N 2 is the smallest integer greater than or equal to the value of N 1 divided by the selected M 2 .
- the interleaving blanking pattern is determined all using the determined Intari part pattern To create an L-bit interleave pattern (S408). If not in the list of PIPs, go to the next step (S406) (see Figure 47).
- Mz (Z indicates the number of stages) corresponds to the predetermined interleave pattern (PIP) shown in Fig. 48, as in the second stage. among numbers ( "1 3" and excluding “1 7"), it can be can divide N 1, and selects the largest integer having the following values the square root of N 1. However, or less than this integer N 1/4 (the square root of N 1 4), divisible If the candidate during the PIP list, a maximum integer a PIP list with the following values the square root of N 1 ( "1 3 "And” 1 7 "). N z divides the N """is a front by the selected M z, is the minimum number of values more than the result.
- N z is defined in PIP in FIG 8 (See Fig. 47.) If defined, all interleaving 'patterns are determined, so L-bit interleaving' no, using the determined interleaving 'pattern.
- the turn creation process (S408) is performed.
- an interleave pattern corresponding to another number may be defined in order to finish the process earlier.
- the determination of the interleaving patterns corresponding to the other numbers is performed in the same manner as the higher-order method shown in FIG. The more interleaved patterns defined in Fig. 48, the faster the processing can be completed.
- M Y z (Z ⁇ 2) can be changed to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,. , 9,10,11,16,20,32,64,128.
- FIG. 49 shows the details of the process of creating the interleave 'pattern by the multistage interleaving method described above.
- the interleaving 'pattern (IP) Nz and Mz finally obtained are used to find the previous stage N (Z ".
- This method is shown in Figs. Details are omitted because they have been described with reference to Fig. 43. By sequentially performing this, an L-bit interleave pattern suitable for transmission can be obtained.
- the notation differs depending on the force of the bit length being the length of the interleaving pattern and whether the interleaving unit to be interleaved is a bit or another unit.
- the interleaving method described so far is applied to the interleaver and the interleaver in the devices and the like as shown in FIGS. 34 to 35 described above.
- the multiple interleaving method is not limited to these and can be applied.
- the present invention shown in the first and second embodiments is particularly applicable to devices as shown in FIGS. 34 to 35, that is, a turbo encoder and a transmission system device. Suitable for vessels
- FIG. 50 shows an example of a device for performing interleaving or interleaving.
- the interleaver includes an input buffer 30, an output buffer 32, a memory 34, and a CPU 36.
- the input buffer 30 records the input sequence data
- the output buffer 32 records the interleaved output sequence data.
- the input buffer 30 records the interleaved data
- the output buffer 32 records the data before interleaving, which is the result of the interleaving.
- the input buffer 30 and the output buffer 32 are realized by a RAM, a shift register, and the like.
- the memory 34 In the memory 34, one or both of the above-described interleave pattern table and the program for directly calculating the interleaved destination address of the output buffer 32 are recorded. It is realized by ROM.
- the CPU 36 performs input / output instructions to the buffer, address calculations, and the like. Note that the above configuration can also be realized by an integrated circuit such as an LSI.
- the CPU 36 When the input sequence data is input to the input buffer 30, the CPU 36 reads the address of the output buffer 32 of the output destination by referring to the interactive pattern table in the memory 34, and outputs the input sequence data. Output to the address of the Knife32.
- the CPU 36 calculates the address of the output destination from the address of the input sequence data in the input buffer 30 by a program and outputs the address to the address in the output buffer 32.
- a recording medium of the present invention will be described as a fourteenth embodiment.
- the interleaving pattern and the interleaving pattern are automatically executed by executing the interleaving pattern creation method suitable for the transmission system and turbo coding described in the flowcharts in FIGS. 38 and 46 as a program on a computer. And can be used as pattern data in the aforementioned RAM and the like.
- the defined interleaving pattern shown in FIGS. 40 and 48 can be referred to from a program by storing the interleaving pattern itself on the storage device. Alternatively, only the notation may be recorded, and an evening leave pattern may be created and used each time.
- the common processing used in FIGS. 39 and 41 and FIGS. 47 and 49 can be used as a subroutine and called from another processing.
- the recording medium storing the program includes an electronic memory, a hard disk, a magneto-optical disk, a floppy disk, and the like.
- the program recorded on the recording medium is loaded onto a computer or recorded.
- the method of the present invention can be implemented to determine the interleave pattern.
- code decoding is performed so as to automatically generate an optimal interleaving pattern. It is also possible to configure a transformer, a transmitter / receiver, and the like, and it is possible to perform an optimal interleaving process in various communication situations.
- the interleaved pattern suitable for the purpose of use can be created by using the method for creating an interleaved pattern of the present invention.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/341,113 US6631491B1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-09 | Interleaving method, interleaving apparatus, and recording medium in which interleave pattern generating program is recorded |
EP98951736.2A EP0952673B1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-09 | Interleaving method, interleaving apparatus, and recording medium in which interleave pattern generating program is recorded |
JP52596599A JP3347335B2 (ja) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-09 | インタリービング方法、インタリービング装置、及びインタリーブパターン作成プログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
CA 2277474 CA2277474C (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-09 | Interleaving method, interleaving apparatus, and recording medium in which interleave pattern generating program is recorded |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP9/307599 | 1997-11-10 | ||
JP30759997 | 1997-11-10 | ||
JP10/218377 | 1998-07-31 | ||
JP21837798 | 1998-07-31 | ||
JP10/233088 | 1998-08-19 | ||
JP23308898 | 1998-08-19 |
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WO1999025069A1 true WO1999025069A1 (fr) | 1999-05-20 |
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PCT/JP1998/005027 WO1999025069A1 (fr) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-09 | Procede et dispositif d'entrelacement, et support d'enregistrement dans lequel on a enregistre un programme de production de motifs d'entrelacement |
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US (1) | US6631491B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0952673B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3347335B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100330980B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1235343C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2277474C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999025069A1 (ja) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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WO2001006662A1 (de) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-25 | Technische Universität Dresden | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur iterativen decodierung von verketteten codes |
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Also Published As
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CN1235343C (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
EP0952673B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
EP0952673A4 (en) | 2000-10-25 |
CA2277474C (en) | 2004-04-06 |
CN1246991A (zh) | 2000-03-08 |
KR100330980B1 (ko) | 2002-04-01 |
KR20000070038A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
CA2277474A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
EP0952673A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
US6631491B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 |
JP3347335B2 (ja) | 2002-11-20 |
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