WO1998007449A2 - Polymere gallensäure-resorptionsinhibitoren mit gleichzeitiger gallensäure-adsorberwirkung - Google Patents
Polymere gallensäure-resorptionsinhibitoren mit gleichzeitiger gallensäure-adsorberwirkung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998007449A2 WO1998007449A2 PCT/EP1997/004049 EP9704049W WO9807449A2 WO 1998007449 A2 WO1998007449 A2 WO 1998007449A2 EP 9704049 W EP9704049 W EP 9704049W WO 9807449 A2 WO9807449 A2 WO 9807449A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alkylene
- alkyl
- compounds according
- nhr
- phenylene
- Prior art date
Links
- 0 C*1ccccc1 Chemical compound C*1ccccc1 0.000 description 3
- JLKACFJRSJMYJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCC(N)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O Chemical compound CC(CCC(N)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O JLKACFJRSJMYJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLXCJZTXFRRTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCC(N)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)OS(C)(=O)=O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O Chemical compound CC(CCC(N)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)OS(C)(=O)=O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O SLXCJZTXFRRTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCC(O)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O Chemical compound CC(CCC(O)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDNUHJGGXXPBNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCC(O)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)OS(C)(=O)=O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O Chemical compound CC(CCC(O)=O)C(CCC1C(C(C2)C(C)(CCC(C3)OS(C)(=O)=O)C3C3)C3O)C1(C)C2O QDNUHJGGXXPBNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[n]1cncc1 Chemical compound C[n]1cncc1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F246/00—Copolymers in which the nature of only the monomers in minority is defined
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to polymers with bile acid absorption inhibitor and simultaneous bile acid adsorber effect, a process for their preparation and the use of these polymers as medicaments.
- Bile acids and their salts are natural detergents and have an important physiological function in fat digestion and fat absorption. As end products of the choiesterin metabolism, they are synthesized in the liver, stored in the gallbladder and released from there as part of the bile into the intestine, where they exert their physiological effect. The major part (approx. 85-90%) of the secreted bile acids (approx. 16 g / day) is resorbed from the intestinal wall via the enterohepatic circulation, preferably in the terminal lieum, and transported back to the liver, ie recycled. Only 10-15% of the bile acids are excreted in the faeces.
- a reduction in the amount of bile acid by post-synthesis of bile acids from cholesterol can be compensated to a certain extent via a control loop system.
- a decrease in the liver cholesterol level leads to an increase in the absorption of cholesterol from the blood serum and thus lowers the cholesterol level in the blood serum.
- the enterohepatic circulation can be interrupted and the serum cholesterol level in the blood can be reduced by suppressing the bile acid reabsorption by means of suitable inhibitors or bile acid adsorbers in the intestine. Too high a serum cholesterol level is considered to be of concern in medicine because it leads to atherosclerosis and thus the risk of heart attack increases. Therefore, there are many therapeutic approaches for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
- One of these approaches is to interrupt the enterohepatic cycle. With this approach, all diseases can also are treated in which an inhibition of bile acid reabsorption in the small intestine appears desirable.
- Non-absorbable polymers have been used therapeutically for some time to bind bile acids.
- insoluble, mostly crosslinked polymers are used for this purpose, which contain quaternized nitrogen centers and act in a similar way to anion exchangers.
- These polymers bind part of the bile acid anions present in the intestine via predominantly ionic interactions and transport them out of the intestine.
- Commercial products of this type contain e.g. the active substances cholestyramine and colestipol. For example, they are used to treat hypercholesterolemia.
- Bile acid absorption inhibitors (receptor blockers):
- Bile acid receptor sites in the terminal ileum are blocked by molecules which, like the bile acids, can interact with the receptors but, unlike the bile acids, are not absorbed. Due to this receptor blockade, the bile acids can no longer be absorbed and are then excreted with the faeces. Examples of polymeric bile acid receptor blockers can be found in EP 0 549 967. This describes bile acid polymers and oligomers in which bile acid molecules are laterally linked to a polymer backbone.
- the previously known adsorbers are not selective enough and also bind vitamins (eg vitamin K) and other physiologically important substances, so that deficiency symptoms (eg avitaminoses) can occur.
- bile acid molecules or low-molecular bile acid absorption inhibitor molecules are bound covalently or via a spacer group to a polymer molecule, so that they are no longer self-absorbable but still retain their absorption-inhibiting effect.
- the polymer is too large to be absorbed.
- the polymer also contains bile acid adsorbent centers, e.g. B. quaternized nitrogen centers in the molecule.
- Polymers of this type therefore have a dual effect. On the one hand, they act as polymeric bile acid absorption inhibitors due to the covalently firmly bound receptor blocker units and, on the other hand, as bile acid adsorbers.
- the invention therefore relates to vinyl copolymers consisting of units of the formula
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are hydrogen or CH 3 ;
- R 4 , R 5 are hydrogen, (C r C 6 ) alkyl, (C r C 6 ) acyl; d 0.01 to 1.00; e 0 to 0.99; f 0 to 0.99; where d + e + f must be 1;
- H is a bond, -CH 2 -, -Ar-, -Ar-CH 2 -, where Ar is phenylene, naphthylene m 1 to 18; n 1 to 18;
- R 7 -OH, -O- (C r C e ) alkyl, -NH 2 ;
- crosslinker selected from the group consisting of:
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are hydrogen or CH 3 ;
- R 4 , R 5 are hydrogen; d 0.01 to 1.00; e 0 to 0.99; f 0 to 0.99; where d + e + f must be 1;
- H is a bond, -CH 2 -;
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are hydrogen; R 4 , R 5 are hydrogen; d 0.01 to 1.00; e 0 to 0.99; f 0 to 0.99; where d + e + f must be 1;
- H is a bond, -CH 2 -;
- Physiologically compatible acid addition salts are understood as meaning compounds which are readily soluble, soluble and slightly soluble in water as defined in the "German Pharmacopoeia” (9th edition 1986, official edition, German Pharmacist Publishing House Stuttgart), page 19.
- the hydrochlorides and sulfates of the compounds are preferred.
- ammonium center is understood to mean a positively charged nitrogen atom (quaternized).
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the polymers consisting of units of the formula I.
- the cholate-containing monomers were synthesized as described in the examples.
- Attachment of a linker to cholic acid and subsequent polymer-analogous reaction with a polymer containing cholic acid is first mesylated with methanesulfonyl chloride in a basic medium.
- the Mesyl group is a good leaving group and enables the attachment of side chains, eg a triethylene glycol unit, through nucleophilic substitution.
- the free hydroxyl group of the triethylene glycol unit is then selectively activated by reaction with tosyl chloride.
- the tosyl leaving group formed in this way enables polymer-analogous reaction with polymers containing amino groups, for example polyallylamine or polyvinylamine. (Example 1d).
- the degree of substitution can be adjusted by changing the ratio of polyamine: cholic acid derivative.
- Cholic acid is first converted into the active ester with p-nitrophenol.
- the amido ether is then obtained by reaction with 2-methoxyethylamine (Example 3b). This is linked to an amino group-containing polymer as described in Method 1 via a linker.
- An acrylic-substituted cholic acid derivative is reacted by radical copolymerization with a vinyl (preferably acrylic) monomer (see Example 5). Any ester groups still present in the cholate residue can be selectively saponified under basic conditions.
- Allylamine (hydrochloride) and other radically polymerizable vinyl amines can be polymerized directly with acrylic-substituted cholic acid derivatives (Examples 11, 16).
- an acrylic-substituted cholic acid derivative in alcoholic solution at pH 9-10 in a Michael addition with an amino group-containing polymer, e.g. a polyamine.
- the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical preparations which contain one or more of the active compounds according to the invention and optionally further lipid-lowering agents.
- the active compounds according to the invention are suitable for use as lipid-lowering drugs.
- the active compounds according to the invention are used, for example, as pharmaceutical preparations, food additives, formulation auxiliaries, detergents, medications for influencing the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, medications for influencing lipid absorption, medications for influencing serum cholesterol levels, medications for concentration-dependent inhibition of bile acid absorption in the gastrointestinal medication used to prevent arteriosclerotic symptoms.
- Adduct of triethylene glycol with cholic acid Adduct of triethylene glycol with cholic acid:
- Example 1a 6.1 g (12.5 mmol) of Example 1a were suspended in 25 ml (150 mmol) of triethylene glycol and dissolved by briefly heating to 100 ° C. 4.0 g (100 mmol) of magnesium oxide were added and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 5 h. After standing overnight, 100 ml of methylene chloride were added and the precipitate formed was suction filtered and washed with methylene chloride. The organic phase was washed with 200 ml of 2N aq. Hydrochloric acid extracted and then concentrated. Crude yield: 7.2 g.
- Example 3b 4.1 g (9.9 mmol) of Example 3b were dissolved in 20 ml of pyridine. At 0 ° C 0.92 ml methanesulfonyl chloride was added and the mixture for 30 min at 0 ° C and 1 h at room temperature. touched. Ice was added to the mixture. Then 20 ml of conc. Sulfuric acid stirred in. The mixture was stirred for a further 5 minutes. The resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and then taken up in dichloromethane. This solution was extracted with water. The organic phase was evaporated after drying over sodium sulfate. Crude yield: 4.7 g. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate). Yield: 2.9g (54%) Example 3c.
- Example 9a To a solution of 55 mg (77 ⁇ mol) Example 9a and 17 mg (77 ⁇ mol) trimethylammonium propyl methacrylate chloride in 3 ml water were added 0.52 mg free radical initiator VA 044 (from Wako). The mixture was degassed and then stirred at 45 ° C for 70 h. The mixture was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in 10 ml of water and purified by ultrafiltration (membrane 5000 ⁇ ). After freeze-drying, 66 mg of Example 9b were obtained.
- Example 9a Nitrogen was bubbled through a solution of 741 mg (1.0 mmol) of Example 9a in 3.5 ml of methanol for 30 minutes. The solution was then heated to 60 ° C. 10 mg of VA 044 radical initiator (from Wako) were added. The mixture was then stirred at 60 ° C. for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. It was then diluted with water and purified by ultrafiltration (membrane 5000 A). To exchange the counterion Br “ - Cl " , it was then washed twice with dilute aqueous NaCl solution and then twice with water. After freeze-drying, 456 mg were obtained.
- VA 044 radical initiator from Wako
- the product was isolated by ultrafiltration in water (membrane 5000A) and subsequent freeze-drying. Yield: 90 mg.
- the bovine bile assay adsorption test measures the polymer's ability to adsorb bile acids.
- the samples were prepared as follows:
- aqueous solution which contains the following salts in the concentrations given below:
- HPLC system from Kontron, consisting of three pumps and
- Enzyme solution 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 0.5 units / ml
- the batches are mixed and incubated for 2 hours at room temperature.
- HPLC system from Kontron, consisting of three pumps and mixing chamber, autosampler, UV detector and evaluation unit with software MT2.
- Mobile phase mobile phase A: ammonium carbamate buffer 0.019 M, with
- TDC Taurodeoxycholate
- GDC Glycodesoxycholate
- TCDC Taurochenodeoxycholate
- Rat intestine perfused in vivo examines the ability of the polymers to block bile acid reabsorption in the area of the ileum.
- Rat intestine perfused in vivo The in vivo investigation was carried out as in FGJ Poelma et al. (J. Pharm. Sci. 78 (4), 285-89, 1989) - modifications of the test are given.
- taurocholate and taurocholic acid or cholate and cholic acid are used synonymously.
- the bile duct is dissected and a catheter is integrated (PE 50, Intramedic®).
- PE 50 Intramedic®
- an adapter for holding 100 ⁇ l disposable pipette tips was attached.
- the bile is collected in these pipettes and filled into balanced Eppendorf reaction vessels at certain intervals.
- the bile, as well as the medium samples are weighed out and aliquots are measured in the scintillation counter.
- 10 ⁇ l sample are pipetted into a Sarstedt sample vessel, 58 x 22 mm, mixed with 10 ml Quickszint 212 (Zinsser GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and counted in a Beckman 2800 ß counter after 30 min.
- Wistar rats from our own breeding with an average body weight of 230-290 g are used as test animals.
- the test animals are not starved before anesthesia (urethane 1 g / kg ip).
- the animals are anesthetized on a temperature-controlled (constant 37 ° C) operating table (Medax), sheared on the abdominal side and then the abdominal wall is opened to the animals with an approx. 7 cm long incision.
- a Luer adapter Feinmechanik Hoechst
- the small intestine is tied in and tied further 13-14 cm to the beginning of the small intestine.
- the contents of this intestinal segment are carefully rinsed out with 37 ° C warm isotonic saline.
- the test solution is later instilled in this segment, the end of the jejunum beginning of the ileum.
- the pump tubing is connected to the intestinal segment with two Luer adapters and the residual solution is filled in via a three-way valve (Pharmascal K 75a) and a 2 ml disposable syringe (Chirana) the medium is pumped at 0.25 ml / min
- a three-way valve Pharmascal K 75a
- a 2 ml disposable syringe Chirana
- the medium is pumped at 0.25 ml / min
- the bovine bile assay adsorption test shows that the polymers according to the invention have a significantly greater ability to adsorb bile acids than the substance of Example 15 from EP 0 549 967.
- the polymers according to the invention have a similarly high ability to adsorb bile acids as cholestyramine.
- the polymers according to the invention show an absorption-inhibiting effect of 36% to 60%.
- cholestyramine shows a smaller absorption-inhibiting effect of 25%.
- the polymers according to the invention are thus also superior in their action to cholestyramine since, in addition to their great ability to adsorb bile acids, they are themselves well bound to the bile acid receptor and thus show a resorption-inhibiting effect.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10510319A JP2000517356A (ja) | 1996-08-19 | 1997-07-25 | 併発胆汁酸吸着作用を有する高分子量胆汁酸吸収阻害剤 |
CA002263671A CA2263671A1 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1997-07-25 | Polymer bile acid resorption inhibitors with simultaneous bile acid adsorbing effect |
EP97940028A EP0918544A2 (de) | 1996-08-19 | 1997-07-25 | Polymere gallensäure-resorptionsinhibitoren mit gleichzeitiger gallensäure-adsorberwirkung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19633268.0 | 1996-08-19 | ||
DE19633268A DE19633268A1 (de) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Polymere Gallensäure-Resorptionsinhibitoren mit gleichzeitiger Gallensäure-Adsorberwirkung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1998007449A2 true WO1998007449A2 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
WO1998007449A3 WO1998007449A3 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP1997/004049 WO1998007449A2 (de) | 1996-08-19 | 1997-07-25 | Polymere gallensäure-resorptionsinhibitoren mit gleichzeitiger gallensäure-adsorberwirkung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0918544A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000517356A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2263671A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19633268A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998007449A2 (de) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2263671A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
JP2000517356A (ja) | 2000-12-26 |
WO1998007449A3 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
DE19633268A1 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
EP0918544A2 (de) | 1999-06-02 |
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