US3811491A - Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip Download PDF

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Publication number
US3811491A
US3811491A US00337022A US33702273A US3811491A US 3811491 A US3811491 A US 3811491A US 00337022 A US00337022 A US 00337022A US 33702273 A US33702273 A US 33702273A US 3811491 A US3811491 A US 3811491A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
casting
strip
cast
molten material
speed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00337022A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Gerding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ltv Steel Co Inc
Jones and Laughlin Steel Inc
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Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp filed Critical Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp
Priority to US00337022A priority Critical patent/US3811491A/en
Priority to FR7405854A priority patent/FR2219812B1/fr
Priority to CA192,758A priority patent/CA1018731A/en
Priority to DE19742407917 priority patent/DE2407917A1/de
Priority to AU65920/74A priority patent/AU481930B2/en
Priority to NL7402673A priority patent/NL7402673A/xx
Priority to JP49023741A priority patent/JPS5820696B2/ja
Priority to GB917574A priority patent/GB1471915A/en
Priority to IT48844/74A priority patent/IT1004344B/it
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3811491A publication Critical patent/US3811491A/en
Assigned to JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED reassignment JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). , DELAWARE, EFFECTIVE JUNE 22, 1981. Assignors: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA., NEW J&L STEEL CORPRATION, A CORP. OF DE., (CHANGED TO), YOUNGTOWN SHEET & TUBE COMPANY, A CORP. OF OH. (MERGED INTO)
Assigned to LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC., reassignment LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC., MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 19, 1984, (NEW JERSEY) Assignors: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED, A DE. CORP. (INTO), REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION, A NJ CORP. (CHANGEDTO)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • B22D11/062—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires the metal being cast on the inside surface of the casting wheel

Definitions

  • lnside-The-Ring casting it is meant the process in which a rotating drum and inside ring surface are cooperatively utilized as casting surface to form a solid two-sided strip casting from a molten pool of source material.
  • a rotating drum and inside ring surface are cooperatively utilized as casting surface to form a solid two-sided strip casting from a molten pool of source material.
  • the rotating drum extends into a predetermined portion of the molten pool which is contained on the inside surface of the ring and also produces a one-sided casting. Because the respective onesided castings are contiguous to each other, the two castings are continuously joined at the respective hot sides at the nip of the casting created between the drum and ring.
  • FIGURE illustrates an embodiment of the apparatus which is suitable for accomplishing the method of my invention.
  • the apparatus provides for the use of an infinitely variable drive unit and differential gearing system in combination with an Inside-The- Ring casting device in order to effect the desired casting surface speed control.
  • the top surface may be placed in tension during strip formation due to the partial unbending of the top strip (that portion initially cast onto the drum surface) as it is joined onto the bottom strip (that portion initially cast onto the ring surface) unless the top strip is cast in a manner that material is provided in such an amount or rate the undesired stretching or tension does not occur.
  • the welding interface provides the necessary driving contact, it also follows that the lower portion of the top strip and the upper portion of the bottom strip must travel at equal speeds.
  • the strip welding will create an undesirable state of tension due to the fact that the top surface of the top strip contains less material than the bottom surface of the top strip. This is again due to geometrical considerations.
  • the creation of a state of tension is undesirable because this leads to the formation of cracks and tears on the top surface of the resultant cast strip. This tendency would be greater with increasing strip thicknesses.
  • the invention minimizes the occurrence of tensile and compressive related surface defects by the expedient of controlling the relative speed of the casting surface members in a manner which avoids the creation of undesirable tensile or compressive forces on the top surface of the as formed strip.
  • the drum to travel at a speed which is less than that of the inside surface of the casting ring by a slight, but controlled amount.
  • This procedure is controlled so that the lower portion of the top strip moving at a rate which is greater than that of the upper portion of the bottom strip.
  • such greater speed will not be sufficient to result in the formation of undesirable compressive forces and subsequent wrinkles.
  • such strip speed difference is designed to compensate for the fact that additional material is needed for the top surface of the strip in order to match the amount of material which is created during the casting of the bottom strip so that the top of the top strip will not be stretched as it is continuously bent from the drum. This would result in the creation of a state of compression of a lesser amount than that resulting from equal drum and ring surface speeds, but of some finite amount so as to modify the effects from unbending the top strip.
  • This degree of speed mismatch may conveniently be defined as rotating the first casting surface (drum) at a surface speed which is less than that of the second casting surface (inside of the ring) and will result in a greater strip speed for the bottom surface of the strip which is cast by the first casting surface than that portion of the resultant strip were it cast by the second casting surface.
  • the relative surface speed of the first casting member would cause a strip cast upon the surface of the member to travel at a speed which is greater than if any corresponding portion of the strip were cast by the second casting member.
  • the invention is applicable in a method for the continuous casting of molten material where the molten material is caused to pass through a gap or opening between two casting surfaces which are rotating or moving in the same direction. It has been discovered, in such casting methods, that surface defects can be minimized by causing the casting surface which has the shorter radius of rotation to rotate at a surface speed which is less than that of the casting surface which has the longest radius of rotation. In the event that the strip thickness is desired to be changed during the casting process, the surface speed of at least the casting surface having the shorter radius can be varied in order to compensate for the new set of casting conditions.
  • the method has particular utility for the continuous casting of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloy such as steel, copper, aluminum, etc.
  • the FIGURE depicts a preferredembodiment of an apparatus which is suitable for conducting the above described method.
  • the apparatus generally comprises two contiguously positioned rotary casting members which are driven in the same direction and at different surface speeds in combination with means for delivery molten material into the gap created between the respective casting surfaces.
  • Motor 18 drives drive pulley 17 which is connected to pulley 15 by belt 16.
  • Spur gear 13 is employed to drive spur gears 12 and 22.
  • Spur gear 22 causes drive shaft 23, supported by pillow block bearing assemblies 24 and 25, to rotate and to thereby rotate drive rolls 26 and 27 and ring drive pinion 28.
  • Drive rolls 26 and 27 rotate against the underside of ring 3 and both support the ring and assist in causing it to rotate.
  • Ring 3 is also supported by idler roll 19 which is mounted on shaft 20 which in turn is supported by two pillow block bearing assemblies, 21 and one which is not shown.
  • Ring drive pinion 28 meshes with ring gear 29 which is attached to side of ring 3 in order to drive the ring without consequent slippage.
  • ring 3 will be driven to a constant degree which is a function of the output of motor 18.
  • spur gear 12 is connected to input shaft ll which is connected to infinitely variable drive unit and differential gearing system 10.
  • Unit 10 comprises an infinitely variable mechanical speed changer unit in combination with differential gearing.
  • One input of the differential is driven at a nominal constant speed while the other input is driven by the variable output of the speed changer.
  • the output of the differential is the average of the two inputs, and the speed changer is geared down so that the differential adds the accurately adjustable trimming speed from the speed changer to a constant base speed which is the other input to the differential.
  • a common shaft drives both the constant input of the differential and the mechanical speed changer
  • the output speed of unit 10 can be modulated up and down by modulating the speed of the common shaft.
  • Adjusting means 33 may be employed to adjust the ratio of the speed changer and to thereby vary the output speed of unit 10. Adjustments of this nature are suitably accomplished in order to compensate for changes in strip thickness (strip thickness is a function of the gap created between the two casting surfaces which comprise drum 4 and ring 3.) It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the ratio of drum speed to ring speed can be made to vary automatically with strip thickness by an appropriate mechanism so that a constant amount of compression on the top surface may be realized even if the strip thickness is changed during operation.
  • Infinitely variable drive unit and differential gearing system and adjusting means 33 are conventional and thus are not depicted in greater detail in the FIGURE. Suitable apparatus are commercially available and are described in greater detail in Book 3074 which is entitled P.I.V. Variable Speed Drives at pages 50-55 and is published by the FMC Corpora tion, Link-Belt Enclosed Drive Division.
  • the controlled output from unit 10 is transmitted by output shaft 9 to drive sprocket 8 which drives chain 7 in order to turn drive plate sprocket 6.
  • Drum drive shaft 5, connected to drive plate sprocket 6, is employed to support and cause casting drum 4 to rotate at the desired surface speed.
  • drum 4 and the inside surface of casting ring 3 are caused to rotate in the same direction and at controlled speeds which are slightly different.
  • Cast strip 1 is continuously cast between casting drum 4 and the inside surface of the casting ring 3.
  • a pool of molten material 2 serves as the source of casting material and is fed by feeding device 34.
  • aconvenient type of feeding device is a tundish.
  • tundish feeding systems are conventional in the art, the drawing does not provide greater detail.
  • Infinitely variable drive unit and differential gearing system 10 is mounted upon housing 30 which in turn is pivotally mounted upon the assembly which houses counter shaft 14. Such arrangement permits the height of casting drum 4 to be adjusted and also facilitates removal of casting drum 4 for servicing and maintenance of the casting apparatus.
  • Apparatusfor the continuous casting of molten material comprising: I a v a.
  • a first rotary casting member having a surface adapted to cast molten material;
  • a second rotary casting member having a surface adapted to cast molten material, a larger radius of rotation than that of said first rotary casting member, and positioned contiguous to said-first rotary casting member so as to form a gapbetween said casting surfaces;
  • drive means connected to said rotary casting members for causing rotation of said members in the same direction and for causing said first rotary casting member to rotate at a surface speed which is less than that of said second rotary casting member and which would also cause a strip castupon the surface of said first casting member to travel at a speed greater than if any corresponding portion of the strip were cast by said second casting member.
  • said drive means comprise an infinitely variable drive unit and differential gearing system.
  • said drive means further comprise-adjusting means for varying the relative surface speeds of said rotary casting members so as to compensate for differences in said gap between said casting surfaces.
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of molten material as recited in claim 5 in combination with feeding means for providing molten material for casting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US00337022A 1973-03-01 1973-03-01 Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip Expired - Lifetime US3811491A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00337022A US3811491A (en) 1973-03-01 1973-03-01 Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip
FR7405854A FR2219812B1 (ja) 1973-03-01 1974-02-13
CA192,758A CA1018731A (en) 1973-03-01 1974-02-18 Method of and apparatus for continuously casting molten material
DE19742407917 DE2407917A1 (de) 1973-03-01 1974-02-19 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen giessen von geschmolzenem material
AU65920/74A AU481930B2 (en) 1973-03-01 1974-02-22 Method ofan apparatus for continuously casting molten material
NL7402673A NL7402673A (ja) 1973-03-01 1974-02-27
JP49023741A JPS5820696B2 (ja) 1973-03-01 1974-02-28 ヨウユウザイリヨウオ レンゾクチユウゾウスル ホウホウ オヨビ ソウチ
GB917574A GB1471915A (en) 1973-03-01 1974-02-28 Method and apparatus for continuously casting molten material
IT48844/74A IT1004344B (it) 1973-03-01 1974-03-01 Procedimento ed apparecchio per mi nimizzare i difetti superficiali di un nastro metallico ottenuto median te colata ad anello

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00337022A US3811491A (en) 1973-03-01 1973-03-01 Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3811491A true US3811491A (en) 1974-05-21

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Family Applications (1)

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US00337022A Expired - Lifetime US3811491A (en) 1973-03-01 1973-03-01 Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3811491A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5820696B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA1018731A (ja)
DE (1) DE2407917A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2219812B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1471915A (ja)
IT (1) IT1004344B (ja)
NL (1) NL7402673A (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895673A (en) * 1974-07-31 1975-07-22 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Gas cover for casting machine
EP0041277A2 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous casting apparatus
US5137075A (en) * 1987-10-13 1992-08-11 Ltv Steel Company, Inc. Continuous casting apparatus and method
CN100540179C (zh) * 2004-09-20 2009-09-16 北京航空航天大学 一种快速凝固制备非晶薄带的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2093511C (en) * 1991-08-08 1999-09-21 Koji Sumitani Process for producing dialkylnaphthalene
JP3175744B2 (ja) * 1992-02-03 2001-06-11 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 ジメチルナフタレンの製造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2383310A (en) * 1939-03-16 1945-08-21 Clarence W Hazelett Continuous casting apparatus and process
US2450428A (en) * 1944-03-23 1948-10-05 Clarence W Hazelett Strip forming apparatus
GB1177758A (en) * 1966-02-08 1970-01-14 Fed Republic Of Germany Continuous Casting of Sheet or Strip Metal
US3627025A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-12-14 Schloemann Ag Travelling-belt-type apparatus for the continuous casting of metal strip

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2383310A (en) * 1939-03-16 1945-08-21 Clarence W Hazelett Continuous casting apparatus and process
US2450428A (en) * 1944-03-23 1948-10-05 Clarence W Hazelett Strip forming apparatus
GB1177758A (en) * 1966-02-08 1970-01-14 Fed Republic Of Germany Continuous Casting of Sheet or Strip Metal
US3627025A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-12-14 Schloemann Ag Travelling-belt-type apparatus for the continuous casting of metal strip

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895673A (en) * 1974-07-31 1975-07-22 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Gas cover for casting machine
EP0041277A2 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous casting apparatus
EP0041277A3 (en) * 1980-06-04 1982-01-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous casting apparatus
US4434836A (en) 1980-06-04 1984-03-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous casting apparatus
US5137075A (en) * 1987-10-13 1992-08-11 Ltv Steel Company, Inc. Continuous casting apparatus and method
CN100540179C (zh) * 2004-09-20 2009-09-16 北京航空航天大学 一种快速凝固制备非晶薄带的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1018731A (en) 1977-10-11
NL7402673A (ja) 1974-09-03
AU6592074A (en) 1975-08-28
JPS501036A (ja) 1975-01-08
DE2407917A1 (de) 1974-09-05
JPS5820696B2 (ja) 1983-04-25
FR2219812A1 (ja) 1974-09-27
FR2219812B1 (ja) 1977-06-10
GB1471915A (en) 1977-04-27
IT1004344B (it) 1976-07-10

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF PA.;YOUNGTOWN SHEET & TUBE COMPANY,A CORP. OF OH. (MERGED INTO);NEW J&L STEEL CORPRATION, A CORP. OF DE., (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004510/0801

Effective date: 19851018

AS Assignment

Owner name: LTV STEEL COMPANY, INC.,

Free format text: MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 19, 1984, (NEW JERSEY);ASSIGNORS:JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL, INCORPORATED, A DE. CORP. (INTO);REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION, A NJ CORP. (CHANGEDTO);REEL/FRAME:004736/0443

Effective date: 19850612