US2558706A - Combing machine - Google Patents

Combing machine Download PDF

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US2558706A
US2558706A US571231A US57123145A US2558706A US 2558706 A US2558706 A US 2558706A US 571231 A US571231 A US 571231A US 57123145 A US57123145 A US 57123145A US 2558706 A US2558706 A US 2558706A
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combed
detaching
combing
fibers
roll
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US571231A
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Odus C Hinson
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Terrell Machine Co
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Terrell Machine Co
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Priority to NL83196D priority Critical patent/NL83196C/xx
Priority to FR962520D priority patent/FR962520A/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/14—Drawing-off and delivery apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D01G19/06—Details
    • D01G19/14—Drawing-off and delivery apparatus
    • D01G19/16—Nipper mechanisms

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to liber combing machines, and in particular to cotton combing machines operating on the principles of the well-known Heilmann comber. contemplates a comprehensive reorganization of the structure, functions, and motions of the entire machine,'in the effort to produce substantial improvement in its emciency.
  • this machine is of course designed to operate upon cotton fibers having average staple lengths varying throughout the range customarily used in the production of combed yarns; this range is usually between 111g inches and 11%; inches, although for nner yarns special cottons having an average staple length on the order of 11/2 inches are occasionally combed with it.
  • a leading object of the invention is to increase the production of the comber in terms of pounds of combed cotton produced per hour.- whereby material savings to the mill and in the initial cost of the machines and floor space required, and in the power, upkeep and attendance will be effected.
  • Another leading object of the invention is to improve the quality of the combed sliver produced by the machine, so as to make the yarn spun from such sliver cleaner and stronger than heretofore, such improvement residing not only in more complete removal of short fibers and neps and trash while retaining more of the long fibers, but also in the attainment of more uniform ber density in the combed sliver at all points in its length, whereby better drawing and a reduction in the drawing and doubling processes will be attained.
  • Further objects are to simplify the machine, both for the purpose of reducing the cost of building the machine itself, and for the purpose of facilitating its operation, its setting and adjustment, and its servicing; and to eliminate or reduce wear and thus the need for repairs and replacement of parts. Still further objects are to provide improved facilities for salvaging and disposing 4of the waste produced in the operation of the machine; and to prevent or reduce ,to a minimum the. production of fly.
  • the invention is based on the principle of making the combed sliver uniform in thickness or liber density at all points in its length in the act of piecing up at the detaching roll. This is attained byoverlapping the successive combed tufts each for more than half its length in such manner that the desired uniform thickness or ber density is secured at this location, and preferably through making the combed web, lap, or sheet of the thickness of two, three,
  • combed tufts are necessarily sharply tapered oi and thinned down bythe nature of the detaching action, and only these feathered end-portions of reduced fiber density are brought into 1overlapping relation in prior machines, the re'- sulting combed web in prior machines is of single ply construction and maximum thickness or density at midlength of each combed tuft, and of 2-ply nature but of greatly reduced ber density throughout the zones of overlap between each two successive combed tufts. This variation in ber density is. what gives the combed web in the pan of the prior Heilmann type combers its conspicuous and characteristic transversely barred or striped appearance.
  • eachv tuft for more than half its length onto the preceding and following tufts which is employed according to the invention to create the predetermined consistent 2, 3, or more, ply thickness of the combed web, makes the beginning of each combed tuft add and the ending thereof detract a much lesser percentage to or from the thickness of the combed web than in prior arrangements, imparting an inherent and visible uniform density to the combed web which persists throughout all subsequent processes into the finished yarn, giving more uniform and stronger yarn and stronger cloth, with greatly reduced doubling and drawing, and with marked reduction in end breakage in all processes.
  • my multiply combed lap is formed of combed tufts which preferably are subjected to a draft on the order of .20 or more times by the action of the detaching rolls.
  • the top comb is able to do a more complete job of removing the neps and foreign matter from the tail portions ofthe bers making up the combed lap.
  • the half-lap subjects each fiber to a'greater number of strokes before release, making it possible to use fewerand hence coarser needles in the standard number of rows on the half-lap, reducing clogging and failure to comb properly.
  • the needles can be made thicker and stronger, and thus can be made longer, which in turn permits the increase in the weight of the supply lap while still effecting proper combing thereof.
  • a novel pneumatic waste salvage disposal system is provided, continuously removing all waste and fly produced in the combing and detaching actions and depositing it directly in the waste bin; improved means for examining the waste to determine the percentage of ⁇ ber being removed in the combing is also provided, all as set forth hereinafter.
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation of the left-hand end of the machine of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical section through one of the comber heads at line 3-3in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 3, showingin detail the swing frame and its working parts and their relation to the combing cylinder and the detaching rolls, and the actuation of the nippers and the top comb.
  • Fig. 5 is a View in vertical section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the drives for the detaching.
  • Fig. 8 is a. section on line 8-8 of Fig-5, giving details of the differential gearing driving the de taching rolls.
  • Fig. 9 is a section on line 9--9 of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is an elevation ofthe planetary gear plate of the differential gearing of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 11 is a section on line II-II of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic showing of the relationship of the successive combed tufts which form the multiply combed lap.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram showing how the multiply combed lap is produced.
  • Fig. 14 is a side elevation of the .improved nipper jaws, combing cylinder, and feed roll, on an enlarged scale.
  • Fig. 15 is a detail in side elevation showing the quick release pressure means for weighting the detaching rolls.
  • Fig. 16 is a view of certain of the parts of Fig. 5 in front elevation.
  • an outstanding feature of novelty is the use of the rocking movement of small amplitude of rockshaft I3 Vto swing the swing frame II back and forth, and
  • the swing frame I I of each head comprises two pendent arms 2
  • of the nippers, the cushion plate, so-called, is
  • a housing 9, generally rectangular in plan, which wholly surrounds the stripping brush 5, includes the lower half of the combing cylinder, and approaches closely to the surface of such cylinder at the rear of the machine and to the periphery of bottom detaching roll 1 at the front of the machine, whereby all vily produced by the combing action is carried down and away Y from these rolls by a, downwardly traveling air y the comber. as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, where they.
  • Two downwardly inclined brackets 39 extend rearwardly from cross-memn .ber 29 at each end thereof, having hubs 4I in To actuate the nippers, an arm 5 ⁇ I is xed on the end of shaft 43 outside one -bracket 39, the upper end of which arm is pivotcd at 53 to a clevis 55 on one end of a threaded link ⁇ 51 passing through a bearing 59 on a fixed part 6I of the frame of the machine, with adjustable stopfnuts 63 applied to the rearward end ofv the link and with an expanding coil spring 65 confined between the bearing 59 and stop-nuts 3.1 located at an intermediate point in the length of link 51.
  • spring B5 tends to hold the upper end of arm 5I from moving rearwardly while its lower end attached to shaft 43 moves rearwardly, thus rotating shaft 43 and arms 45 counter-clockwise to force top nipper yjaw 41 yieldingly downward against bottom jaw 3 I, as shown in Figs. 4 and 14, to grip the intervening lap while the fringe of fibers protruding from the jaws is combed by the needles 3 of the needle segment of combing cylinder I.
  • stop-nuts 53 bring up against bearing 59,causing link 51 to detain the upper end of arm 5I while the lower end thereof moves forward, thus causing a reverse rotation of shaft 43 which lifts top nipper jaw 41 well away from bottom jaw 3 I, as shown in Fig. 3, permitting feeding of the uncombed lap.
  • Adjustment of lower jaw 3I in such plane by means of screws 33 and 31 is provided to insure Vsuch grip.
  • the fibers forming the fringe protruding from the closed jaws are gripped much closer than heretofore to the path of the needle points on combing cylinder thereby exposing more of the length of each fiber to the combing action of these needles before being released and drawn forward by the detaching rolls, and also retaining more of the desired full-length fibers which arrive at the nipper jaws in oblique relation to the direction of feed, thus resulting in both more complete removal of short fibers, neps and trash, and in better parallelizing of the fibers, helping to make possible efficient combing of a double-weight lap, coupled with greater economyof bers of usable length.
  • the top comb which should enter the fringe forward of the point where the half-lap needles terminate their action, can do so at points near the tails of the fibers thus combed, with important results which will be referred to later herein.
  • the nipper jaws close well before the swing frame I I reaches its extreme rearward position of Fig. 4, and the leading rows of needles 3 of the half-lap enter the fringe held by the jaws while the latter are movingrr rearward and before they have reached their point of closest approach to the path of the needles.
  • the needles enter the fringe to a progressively increasing depth, .during the passage of the rst quarter of the half-lap, the leading rows making a shallow penetration and the following rows penetrating to full depth as the swing frame dwells at back center while the remaining three-quarters of the half-lap passes and combs the fringe.
  • the cleaning out and untangling of the fibers is effected more gradually and progressively.
  • the half-lap is extended to encompass one-third of the circumference of combing cylinder I, so that the combing is prolonged throughout this fraction of the machines cycle.
  • the usual 17 rows of needles are prefer- 'tightly and fed through the nipper jaws.
  • the fibers are gripped by the nipper jaws closer to the path of the needles and thus with the standard rate of feed of the stock of approximately l each fiber is subjected to a greater number of strokes of the-half-lap before being drawn forward by the detaching rolls.
  • This factor coupled with the gradual and prolonged nature of the combing action,l makes it possible to effect thorough combing even of a lap of increased thickness with fewer and hence coarser needles having less tendency to clog and thus to fail to comb properly.
  • the needles thus set farther apart in the rows, they can be made thicker and hence of increased strength permitting them to be made longer than possible heretofore. Being longer, they can penetrate through and properly comb a thicker fringe, thus aiding in making possible the use of a Supply lap of greatly increased thickness and weight.
  • the remaining two-thirds of the periphery of the combing cylinder is of smooth, polished metal and of substantially the same radius as that of the path of the needle points.
  • Feed roll 13 has coarse metal flutes, and is at least half again as large in diameter as in prior machines, to handle the double-weight lapwithout puckering. Its journals 15 are held in halfbearings formed in the end-portions of rockers 11 pivoted on screws 19 threaded into the lower portions of lugs 21, the rear extremities of these rockers being pivoted at 3
  • rod 89 is pushed rearward to disengage the shoulder at the top of reduced portion 93 from the keyhole slot to permit the rods full diameter to .descend through the circular portion of the keyhole, thus permitting the feed roll-to be lifted and rotated manually to enter the lap thereunder. This done. the tension is restored by pulling upward and forward on handlevSI to put the parts back into the relation shown in Fig. 4.
  • Ihe feed roll is actuated by means of a ratchet
  • a feed of around .20 inch of lap pernip is commonly employed. The partial unwinding of the lap from around shaft I3 during the forward swing of the nippers supplies a certain amount of slack in theV each arm 2
  • the main supply is as usual effected by the driving of lap rolls IIII.
  • the novel top comb I comprises a comb plate I
  • 1 has a hook I3I formed in its rearward end which hooks over a pin
  • top comb I5 adjustably xed in a slot in a lug
  • top comb I5 by the corresponding swinging movement of the swing frame as rockshaft I3 is oscillated.
  • the path of the needle points of the top comb intersects that of the lower nipper jaw 3
  • the combed fringe is much longer than heretofore, on the order of half again as long.
  • the top comb is set to enter the combed fringe close to the lower nipper jaw while still entering ahead of the beginning of the uncombed tail portions of such bers, so that the comb enters the fringe more than' half the length of the fibers back from the edge of the fringe.
  • the extent of combed fringe infront of the top comb is substantially longer than in prior machines, which makes possible a prolonged feeding movement of this fringe into the nip of the detach.
  • top comb The novel mounting of the top comb permits it to be easily swung up out of the way for threading up, cleaning, repairs, and other purposes.
  • the detaching rolls include a bottom roll 1 having a fluted metallic surface and of substantially double the diameter previously used, being on the order of two inches in diameter so as to give more extended support to the long combed have no bodily movement in space, except that they are yieldingly pressed down toward the surface of bottom roll 1 by spring weighting means enabling them to rise as the combed tufts enter between them and the bottom roll, such .spring means being strong enough, to insure a, rm grip on the fibers introduced by the swing frame between top roll 8 and the preceding fed-back combed tufts sufficient to draw out the bers and to detach the rear end of the combed tuft from the supply lap as the swing ⁇ frame recedes.
  • a feature of theweighting means for top detaching rolls 8, II), is the provision for instantaneously releasing the rolls from pressure and reestablishing such pressure.
  • a small stand 4 is affixed to a bracket 6 extending forwardly from the upright I9 at each side of each comber head, and a stud I2 is fixed in a hub in each stand.
  • a lever I4 On eachof these studs is pivoted a lever I4 having its upper arm pivotally connected by a bolt I6 to aclevis formed as a part of a yoke I8 which fits over needle bearings 20 positioned on the journals of top rolls 8, I8.
  • each lever I4 terminates in an eye through which extends a rod 22 screwed into a boss on a hub 24 rotating on a, rod 26 fixed in hubs in the ends of arms 2-8 which are pivotally mounted' on studs I2 just outside the -arms I4.
  • Expanding coil springs 30 on rods 22 are confined between the eyed ends of levers I4 and the bosses on the associated hubs 24, so that when arms 28 and rod 2 6 joining them are swung clockwise in Fig. 15 the springs 3
  • a hand-lever 32 which. is provided with a detent in the formof a spring-pressed plunger Working in a boss 34 on the lever and engaging within a, hole in the upper end of an extension 36 on stand 4.
  • withdrawal of the spring plunger, by means of the knob 38, from engagement with the hole in extension 36 releases lever 32 and arms 28 for counterclockwise rotation, rst under the push of spring 30 and thereafter by a, manual pull forward on handle 32,'the lock-nuts on'rod -sion 36 in front of the hole and then snapping into the hole therein to hold the parts again in working position.
  • the studs I2 also form the pivots for the hubs 48, Fig. 16, of clearer-boards (not shown) which rest by gravity on top detaching rolls 8, I0.
  • Top rolls 8, I0 are rotated solely through frictional engagement with the combed tufts which intervene between them and the surface of roll 1 and which are fed back and forth by the rotation of bottom roll 1 in alternately opposite directions as shown in Fig. 13.
  • bottom detaching roll 1 starts to rotate counterclockwise in Fig. 4, starting slowly just before the leading fibers of the'advancing fringe protruding from the nipper jaws reach the bite between rolls 1 and 8. end
  • Top rolls 8, l0 rotate in clockwise direction for an equal amount of surface travel.
  • the ends of the foremost bers are grasped by rolls 1 and] and pulled forward, while the forward swing of the swing.frame, with accompanying forward movement of the top comb, progressively feeds the leading endl of the succeeding bers of the fringe into the nip of detaching rolls 1 and l.-
  • the swing frame starts backward as detaching roll 'I completes its counterclockwise movement retracting the remaining bers of the lap out of the reach of the detaching rolls and thus eecting the detachment of the combed tuft held by the detaching rolls from the supply extending through the open nipper jaws.
  • the total length of the latter is on the order of 5% inches, depending on the promptness of entry of the fringe between the detaching rolls after the .latter start forward and the length of staple which the machine is set to reject and to throw down as waste, this latter being determined as heretofore by the closeness of approach of the lower nipper jaw to the nip of the detaching rolls.
  • the tuft is thin and easily handled by the detaching rolls.
  • each successive combed tuft is overlapped for more than half of its length onto its immediately preceding tuft so that the resulting combed web at all points in its length ismade up of at least two superposed combed tufts.
  • the detaching rolls are arranged to rotate reversely for a distance of surface travel of around 4 inches.
  • a multiply combed web such as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12 is formed, which is actually 4 plies thick at all points in its length.
  • Fig. 13 shows diagrammatically how this -is done, with the head and tail ends of the first combed tuft indicated at' a, a, of the second at b, b, etc.
  • the tail end of the last detached tuft end-portion of each tuft, at the top surface of the combed lap, is balanced or equalized at the bottom surface of the lap by the equivalent trailing tapered end-portion of a preceding combed tuft havinga reverse taper, the two tapered end-portions together making up a thickness which is substantially the equivalent of that of the intermediate portions of any one of the combed tufts.
  • Between these two tapered endportions lie the full-thickness intermediate portions of at least two other combed tufts, so that the resulting combed web is made up of the equivalent of three full-thickness combed tufts at all points in its length, as in Fig. 12. This may be increased to four or more as indicated in Fig.
  • the combed web is given a substantially uniform ber density in al1 sections of its length in the act of piecing up the successive combed tufts, which uniform ber density once achieved becomes a permanent attribute of the sliver formed by condensing the combed web as i hence stronger yarn for the same cont and staple and a stronger. smoother, and more durable fabric.
  • the uniformity initially imparted to the sliver' eliminatesv or greatly reduces the need for the conventional manifold doublings and the multiplicity of draftings which such doublings impose in the spinning, in the effort to fili in and compensate for the thin places in the sliver created by the manner of piecing up employed in 'prior combers and resulting.
  • Front top detaching roll Il serves to aid the.
  • bottom roll Tforwardly As the drafting and detaching rotation of bottom roll Tforwardly is effected at very high speed and occupies less than 1/4 of the machine cycle, the balance of the machine cycle is available and is used for the feed-back, achieving an easy 13 movement which lets the fed-back tufts follow the surface of roll 1 closely, and incidentally re,- Jerusalems the jerk on the combed web in the pan which has resulted in pulling it apart at this point in prior machines.
  • the novel housing 9 which surrounds the combing cylinder I from about the level of its axis downward and which also encloses stripping brush performs an important part in making possible the exceptionally long yfeed-back Without tearing or robbing of the combed lap by the combing cylind-er.
  • Housing 9 fits very closely about both ends of combing cylinder I and extends into close proximity to the surface of such cylinder at the rear thereof, while its front wall stands close to the fiuted surface of detaching roll 1 and in the vertical plane of the axis of the latter.
  • 39 which has its top edge in close proximity to the surface of combing cylinder I, but spaced away from the surface of bottom detaching roll 1 and from the front wall of housing 9 suiiiciently to afford a clear passage between it and such roll, and also the said front wall, for the recoilng combed tuftswhen fed back for piecing up.
  • Air is exhausted continuously from within housing 9 during the operation of the machine by means described hereinafter, and the arrangement of the housing causes practically all the make-up air to enter as a continuous downdraft between combing cylinder I and detaching roll 1.
  • 39 diverts this downdraft away from the surface of combing cylinder I and forward beneath detachingroll 1 to descend between the shield and the front wall of housing 9, so that as shown in Fig. 13 the fed-back combed tufts are held against the surface of detaching roll 1 nearly to the point where such surface passes the top of the front wall of housing 9, and thence slant forward below detaching roll 1.
  • 39 extends throughout the length of housing 9 with its edge close to the line of contact between combing cylinder I and brush 5, and the lower edge of shield
  • 53 is shaped to hold the swing frame at its rearmost position for 90 of the rotation of combing cylinder shaft 2, during which period the needles of the half-lap on suchcylinder are combing the fringe held by the nippers, and thereafter to swing the swing frame forward moderately rapidly throughV the major portion of its swingr and then slowly for the nal part of its swing to feed the protruding fibers of the fringe progressively into the nip of the detaching rolls, such action occupying 120 of the cycle. There after the cam moves the swing frame rearwardly through an interval of 150 to its starting point.
  • Adjustment of the closeness of approach of the ⁇ nipper jaws, carried by the swing frame, to the nip of the detaching rolls to determine the length of fiber desired to be combed out and cast down' as waste is effected simultaneously for all the heads of the machine by loosening nut
  • the drive for the detaching rolls is likewise greatly simplified. It comprises a face cam
  • 83 which is fixed on a stud
  • 81 which has six studs
  • 93 having a larger spur gear
  • Small pinions 205 comprising the planetary gears of the unit rotate freely on the six studs, and mesh with both the internal teeth 201 on the ring gear and also with the small spur or sun gear
  • This constant rotationof the ring gear adds about an inch to the distance traveled by 'the detaching roll in its forward direction of rotation, whiley drawing out and detaching the tuft. and subtracts this same amount from the motion otherwise imparted by cam
  • This is accomplished by members which remain constantly in engagement, instead of through clutches or other parts whichv must be disengaged and reengaged during each machine cycle as heretofore in certain instances, with resulting wear and tear, noise, and loss of setting.
  • the only adjustment required in the present structure is that of the angular position of cam
  • the drive for the creel rollers comprises a ratchet gear 223, Figs. and 7, within the gear housing and xed on the end of ashaft' 225 extending throughout the length of the machine andcarrying the front creel' rolls
  • An arm 221 fixed on rockshaft I3v carries a pivoted gravitating pawl 229 having at its extremity a transverse edge which advances the ratchet each time the rockshaft swings the swing frame forwardly.
  • the pivot connecting the pawl to arm 221 is adjustable radially in a slot in such arm to vary the speed of the creel rolls.
  • , Fig. 3, is connected byfchain 23
  • The, stripper brush 5 is driven by chain 233, Figs. 5 and 7, and sprockets 235 and 231 respectively fixed on.jackshaft
  • 45 is joined by connecting rod 25
  • the novel and improved facilities for automatically salvaging and disposing of the waste produced in the operation of the machine involve the use of a heavy member 255, Figs. 1 and 3. of inverted U-section as the frame or backbone of the whole machine.
  • a heavy member 255 herein by integral webs 251
  • this backbone is converted into a waste duct.
  • are formed in the top wall of member 255'within each housing 9 of each comberv head, and a plate 253 Vwhich is substituted in one spot for the sheet metal closure means 253 on the bottom of channel member 255 has a central aperture equipped with a collar 255 inwhich is secured one end of a conduit 201 the other end of which is connected to the axial intake port of a centrifugal blower 255 directconnected to the shaft of motor
  • the discharge port of thevblower has a conduit 21
  • the drawbox 215 is of any suitable or preferred construction having capacity to handle'the increased weight of sliver produced.
  • the pairs of drawing rolls are driven at successively faster speeds by gear trains of standard or any preferred design taking power from the A feature of improvement is thatl these gears run in oil retained in a sump in the bottom of a gear case 323 having a removable cover provided with a 17
  • the calendar rolls 325 which draw the sliver from the pans through trumpets (not shown) are driven from the gears in the box 323 by a shaft extending the full length of the machine beneath sliver table 321.
  • the coiler mechanism 323 is of standard or any preferred design, taking its drive from within gear box 323.
  • a method of piecing up the detached combed and drafted tufts from a comber head which includes the steps of assembling two successive detached tufts of combed fibers so that each tuft overlaps the other for two-thirds of its length, and applying a third detached tuft of combed and drafted fibers from such comber head so that a line of junction between the first two is located intermediate the length of the third tuft.
  • a method of combing textile fibers which includes the step of piecing up detached combed the fibers held by the nipper jaws, detaching rolls taking the fibers from the nipper jaws, and means actuating the feed roll and the detaching rolls and imparting a forward surface travel to the latter at leasttwenty times as great as that of the feed roll and a rearward travel overlapping the successive tufts into a web of at least three plies thick at all points.
  • a roll detaching combed tufts includes the step of piecing up detached combed and drafted tufts by overlapping the successive tufts so that at least two plies of combed tufts intervene between the head end of oneA combed tuft and the nearest tail end of a preceding combed tuft.
  • a method of combing textile fibers which includes the step of piecing up detached combed and drafted tufts by overlapping the successive tufts in multiply relation so that the resulting web has at allpoints a thickness of at least three plies of combed tufts.
  • a machine for combing textile fibers in combination, means feeding and combing the fibers, and means including a detaching roll drawing and detaching the combed fibers in tufts, f
  • nipper jaws In a machine for combing textile fibers, in combination, nipper jaws, a feed roll feeding the fibers through the nipper jaws, means combing of fibers from the supply and feeding them back for piecing up, means creating a current of air between the combing cylinder and the detaching roll, and a baffle also intervening between the combing cylinder and the detaching roll.
  • combination means feeding a supply of fibers, a combing cylinder, a roll detaching combed tufts of fibers from the supply and feeding them back for piecing up, a housing partially surrounding the combing cylinder and the detaching roll, means exhausting air from the housing to create a draft between the combing cylinder and the detaching roll,and means diverting such draft away from the combing cylinder.
  • nipper jaws In a machine for combing textile fibers, in combination, nipper jaws, a rockshaft, means thereon supporting the nipper jaws to swing about the axis of the rockshaft, a top comb swinging about a fixed center apart from the axis of the rockshaft, and means imparting simultaneous swinging movement to the jaws and the comb from the rockshaft.
  • nipper jaws in combination, nipper jaws, a rockshaft, means on the rockshaft supporting and swinging the nipper jaws back and forth about th'e axis of the rockshaft as the rockshaft rocks, a top comb swinging about a different fixed center, and a link connecting the comb and the said supporting means and actuating the comb.
  • a fixed frame in combinatioin, a rockshaft, means rocking the rockshaft, relatively movable nipper jaws supported by and swung back and forth by the rockshaft, and means on the frame resisting the bodily movement of one of the jaws in the backward and forward directions and thereby causing the opening and shutting of the jaws.
  • a fixed abutment in combination, a rockshaft, a frame suspended from and swung back van'd forth by such rockshaft, a lower nipper jaw in operatively fixed relation on such frame, an upper nipper jaw pivotally mounted on such frame, and means in operative connection with the abutment and with the upper jaw alternately holding back on such jaw as the frame swings forward ascenso and pushing forward on such jaw as the frame swings back, to swing the jaw about its pivot and effect the opening and closing of the jaws.
  • a fixed abutment in combination, a rockshaft, a frame suspended from and swung back and forth by such rockshaft, a lower nipper jaw in operatively fixed relation on such frame, an upper nipper jaw, means including an arm mounting the upper jaw pivotally upon the frame, and a link connecting the arm to the fixed abutment and alternately pulling and pushing on the arm to move the upper jaw about its pivot as the frame is moved in alternately opposite directions.
  • a combing cylinder in combination, a combing cylinder, a shaft on which such cylinder is fixed, a detaching roll detaching tufts of fibers combed by such cylinder,
  • a gear train driving the detaching roll from such shaft including a sun gear and at least one planetary gear engaging therewith, cam means on the combing cylinder shaft causing bodily movement of the planetary gear about the sun gear, and a. gear coaxial with the sun gear continuously driving the planetary gearI 17.
  • a combing cylinder in combination, a combing cylinder, a detaching roll, means presenting fibers to the combing cylinder and to the detaching roll, and means for rotating the latter alternately in opposite directions including a gear driving the roll, at least one pinion driving the gear, a gear having internal teeth driving the pinion, means driving the internal-toothed gear at constant speed, and means moving the pinion -bodily about the axis of the first-named gear alternately in opposite directions.
  • a combing cylinder, a detaching roll means presenting fibers to the combing cylinder and to the detaching roll, and means for rotating the latter alternately in opposite directions including a gear driving the roll, a plate rotatable coaxially with the roll gear, a ring gear having internal and external teeth and rotatable coaxially with the roll gear, pinions on the plate driven by the internal teeth and driving the roll gear, means driving the ring gear at constant speed by engagement with its external teeth, and means oscillating the plate.
  • a swing frame, nippers and a feed roll thereon a rockshaft entirely supporting and actuating the swing frame, a combing cylinder, a rotating shaft on which the cylinder is fixed, a detaching roll, means driving the latter from the cylinder shaft, a cam on such shaft actuating the rockshaft and a second cam on such shaft periodically reversing the direction of rotation of the detaching roll and angularly adjustable about such shaft to vary the timing of this reversal.
  • a combing cylinder in combination, a combing cylinder, a detaching roll, nippers traveling back and forth between the cylinder and the roll, a rockshaft carrying the nippers, a shaft on which the combing cylinder is fixed, a cam on the latter shaft, an arm operatively fixed on the rockshaft, a cam-follower on the arm and actuated by such cam, and means for varying the position of the cam-follower angularly about the rockshaft to determine the closeness of approach of the nippers to the detaching roll.
  • multiple comberheads each includy 2@ ing a combing cylinder and stripping means for the cylinder and a housing enclosing the stripping means and a part of the cylinder, a hollow frame member supporting the comber heads and having a passage communicating with the housing interiors, and air exhausting means connected to the interior of the hollow frame member creating a current of air carrying off via the hollow member the fibers stripped from the comb- .ing cylinders.
  • multiple comber heads each including a combing cylinder and vstripping means for the cylinder and a housing enclosing the stripping means and a part of the cylinder, a hollow frame member supporting the comber heads and having a passage communicating with the housing interiors, air exhausting means connected to the interior of the hollow frame member creating currents of air carrying off via the hollow member the fibers stripped from the combing cylinders, and duct means conducting the air currents and the fibers carried thereby from the several comber heads to a common waste receptacle.
  • a combing cylinder in combination, a combing cylinder, stripping means therefor, a housing enclosing the stripping means and a part of the cylinder, duct means in unobstructed communication with the housing interior, means creating a current of air through the housing and thence through the duct to transport the combed-out-flbers through the duct, and means for temporarily introducing a screen across the path of the air current to determine the amount of fibers being combed out.
  • a rockshaft means for rocking the rockshaft, a swing frame fixed on and swung back and forth by the rockshaft, nippers and a feed-roll carried by the swing frame and actuated by the swing thereof, lap rolls, means driving the lap rolls from the rockshaft, and a swingably mounted top comb also swung back and forth by the swing of the swing frame.
  • a combing cylinder In a machine for combing textile fibers, in combination, a combing cylinder, nipper jaws gripping the fibers at the points where the fibers emerge from the jaws, detaching rolls comprising opposed rolls of which the bottom roll is substantially twice the diameter of the other roll.
  • the detaching rolls driving the detaching rolls to effect a draft on the order of 15 or more times on the tuft being detached reducing the weight of fiber handled at a given instant by the detaching rolls and to effect an overlap of each tuft on the preceding tuft exceeding one-half of the length of the tuft being detached, whereby the combed lap is composed of at least three piles of combed tufts at all points in its length, the detaching rolls feeding back the overlapping combed tufts through their nip for at least twothirds of the length of the final tuft and the bottom detaching roll making continuous contact with the portions of the tufts which have been passed back through such nip for ,at least one-half the full extent of such feed-back to support the combed tufts thus fed back through the nip.
  • a combing machine for textile bers in combination, a combing cylinder, nippers which grip the fibers of a supply lap at the points on the nipper jaws lwhichapproach clos'- est to the combing cylinder, a combing cylinder combing substantially the entire protruding n combed fringe extending from the jaws, .a fixed top detaching roll, a lbottom detaching roll substantially twice the diameter of said top roll providing extended support for the fed-back tufts, means for creating and directing a flow of air holding the fed-back tufts against the surface of the bottom detaching roll and clear of other surfaces.
  • a method of combing textile fibers which includes the steps of lsubjecting the fibers of la supply lap having a weight of approximatelyv 115 grains per yard per inch of lap width first to combing, then to a draft by detaching rolls on the order of or more times the length of feed per nip of the supply lap, and to detaching and piecing-up operations.
  • a method of combing textile fibers which includes the steps of combing, drawing, and detaching v,the fibers in tufts having a length of about 5 times the average length of the fibers being combed, piecing up the tufts by feeding back'the terminal tuft for a distance of about 4 times such average length, supporting the fedback tuft upon a surface extending lengthwise ofthe vtuft throughout a distance of about 3 times such average length, and holding the tuft against such support by a -current of air.
  • the method' of piecing up the detached combed and drafted tufts from a comber head which includes the steps of feeding back the pieced-up tufts for a distance exceeding the length of the component fibers, and preventing thefed-back terminal tufts or parts thereof from falling off or being torn off, by holding the ⁇ component fibers by a directed fiow of air.
  • ⁇ in combination means feeding and combing the fibers.
  • detaching and piecing-up means comprising a bottom detaching roll and two top detaching rolls pressing against the bottom roll, the v'latter being of substantially twice the diameter of a top roll and supporting the combed lap for a length exceeding twice the average lengthof the fibers when such lap is fed back over the bottom roll.
  • a machine for combing cotton fibers in combination, means feeding and combing the iibers,. and detaching and piecing-up means comprising a bottom detaching roll and a top detaching roll pressing against the bottom roll, the latter being of a circumference greater than 4 times the average length of the cotton fibers being combed and providing extended support for the combed lap of fibers when fed back thereover.
  • a machine for combing textile fibers in combination, means feeding a supply of fibers, a combing cylinder, a roll'detaching combed tufts of fibers from the supply and feeding them back for piecing-up, means creating a current of air between the combing cylinder and the detaching roll, and means directing such air curing to create a draft between the combing cylinder and the detaching roll, and means substantially confining such draft to a path of travel over that surface of the detaching roll over which the combed tufts are fed back.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2781556A (en) * 1952-10-14 1957-02-19 Tmm Research Ltd Textile combing machine
US3125783A (en) * 1964-03-24 Rectilinear combers for textile fibers
US3142870A (en) * 1961-05-03 1964-08-04 Whitin Machine Works Selvage fiber control for combing machine
US3290731A (en) * 1963-10-21 1966-12-13 Howa Machinery Ltd Rectilinear comber for cotton
US3373462A (en) * 1964-06-05 1968-03-19 Schlumberger Cie N Combing machine for long textile fibers
US3479699A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-11-25 Maremont Corp Combers
US3486199A (en) * 1967-01-09 1969-12-30 Schlumberger Cie N Combing machine
US4958413A (en) * 1987-12-24 1990-09-25 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Drive mechanism for a feed roll of a combing machine
EP0564408A1 (de) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-06 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Kämmaschine
US5546636A (en) * 1995-03-27 1996-08-20 Mandl; Gerhard Comber machine
EP2108720A1 (de) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-14 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines gekämmten Faservlieses
US20170204538A1 (en) * 2014-07-21 2017-07-20 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Combing Machine

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DE13854C (de) * HEILMANN-DUCOMMUN & STEINLEN in Mülhausen i. E Neuerung an der HEILMANN'schen Kämm-Maschine. (4
DE52987C (de) * J. IMBS, Professor am Conxeraatoire des Arts et Metiers in Paris Kämm-Maschine mit neuer Zugflor-Verdichtung
US415346A (en) * 1889-11-19 Caster
GB189620791A (en) * 1896-09-19 1897-09-18 Henry Edward Newton Improvements in Combing Machines.
US620747A (en) * 1899-03-07 Eugene delette
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GB190113758A (en) * 1901-07-06 1902-05-22 John William Nasmith Improvements in Combing Machines.
FR361016A (fr) * 1905-03-23 1906-05-14 Eugene Delette Perfectionnements aux peigneuses
US867072A (en) * 1905-08-26 1907-09-24 Whitin Machine Works Horsetail for drawing-off mechanisms.
US938189A (en) * 1909-05-27 1909-10-26 Alsacienne Constr Meca Feeding device of heilmann combing-machine.
GB191009346A (en) * 1910-04-18 1910-12-22 Robert Schlumberger Improvements in or relating to the Feeding Mechanism of Combing Machines.
US1141673A (en) * 1913-05-23 1915-06-01 Whitin Machine Works Method of combing cotton.
US1157033A (en) * 1909-10-26 1915-10-19 Whitin Machine Works Nipper-motion drive for cotton-combers.
US1169046A (en) * 1913-02-10 1916-01-18 Robert H Lunn Combing-machine.
US1351076A (en) * 1918-10-07 1920-08-31 Alsatian Machine Company Combing-machine
US1369532A (en) * 1919-05-27 1921-02-22 John W Nasmith Combing-machine
US1401179A (en) * 1916-05-17 1921-12-27 Nasmith John William Combing-machine
US1464098A (en) * 1922-07-19 1923-08-07 Whitin Machine Works Detaching motion for combing machines
US1464820A (en) * 1923-01-27 1923-08-14 Heinrich Ernst Hermann Swinging nippers in flat combing machines
US1479392A (en) * 1921-07-22 1924-01-01 Whitin Machine Works Scavenging system for textile machinery
US1495743A (en) * 1923-05-05 1924-05-27 John Hetherington & Sons Ltd Machine for combing cotton, wool, and the like
US1544228A (en) * 1924-12-06 1925-06-30 Whitin Machine Works Waste collector for combing machines
GB236356A (en) * 1924-06-10 1925-07-09 Albert Disley Improvements appertaining to machines for combing cotton and like fibrous substances
US1551840A (en) * 1924-02-21 1925-09-01 John W Nasmith Combing machine
GB247478A (en) * 1925-08-31 1926-02-18 Fine Cotton Spinners & Doubler Improvements in machines for combing cotton and other fibres
US1629092A (en) * 1918-09-10 1927-05-17 Whitin Machine Works Waste-removal apparatus
US1671101A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-05-29 Whitin Machine Works Combing machine
US1778873A (en) * 1928-10-31 1930-10-21 Sundberg Rudolf Constantin Combing machine
US1826494A (en) * 1929-08-24 1931-10-06 Whitin Machine Works Cotton comber
US1905300A (en) * 1931-03-20 1933-04-25 Manuel P Mello Machine for combing textile fibers
US1905336A (en) * 1929-10-12 1933-04-25 Frederick C Blanchard Machines for combing textile fibers
US1921203A (en) * 1931-09-05 1933-08-08 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2083255A (en) * 1934-03-06 1937-06-08 Whitin Machine Works Comber weighting system
US2092186A (en) * 1935-04-18 1937-09-07 Sachsische Textilmaschinenfabr Device on combing machines for piecing the tufts of slivers
US2145492A (en) * 1937-03-08 1939-01-31 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2145491A (en) * 1936-04-01 1939-01-31 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2210343A (en) * 1936-10-03 1940-08-06 Sachsische Textilmaschinenfabr Drawing-off device for combing machines
US2219357A (en) * 1936-07-31 1940-10-29 Celanese Corp Manufacture of staple fiber materials from continuous filaments
US2249408A (en) * 1938-10-21 1941-07-15 Whitin Machine Works Pressure applying means for spinning frames
US2339513A (en) * 1942-04-24 1944-01-18 Pierrepont Donald Weighting mechanism for the drawing rollers of combing machines and other machines for the treatment of textile fibers
US2353812A (en) * 1940-10-02 1944-07-18 Whitin Machine Works Cotton comber
GB563282A (en) * 1942-10-30 1944-08-08 John William Nasmith Improvements in or relating to textile combing machines
US2384603A (en) * 1940-10-02 1945-09-11 Whitin Machine Works Comber nipper system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE52987C (de) * J. IMBS, Professor am Conxeraatoire des Arts et Metiers in Paris Kämm-Maschine mit neuer Zugflor-Verdichtung
US415346A (en) * 1889-11-19 Caster
US620747A (en) * 1899-03-07 Eugene delette
US625967A (en) * 1899-05-30 delette
DE13854C (de) * HEILMANN-DUCOMMUN & STEINLEN in Mülhausen i. E Neuerung an der HEILMANN'schen Kämm-Maschine. (4
GB189620791A (en) * 1896-09-19 1897-09-18 Henry Edward Newton Improvements in Combing Machines.
GB190113758A (en) * 1901-07-06 1902-05-22 John William Nasmith Improvements in Combing Machines.
FR361016A (fr) * 1905-03-23 1906-05-14 Eugene Delette Perfectionnements aux peigneuses
US867072A (en) * 1905-08-26 1907-09-24 Whitin Machine Works Horsetail for drawing-off mechanisms.
US938189A (en) * 1909-05-27 1909-10-26 Alsacienne Constr Meca Feeding device of heilmann combing-machine.
US1157033A (en) * 1909-10-26 1915-10-19 Whitin Machine Works Nipper-motion drive for cotton-combers.
GB191009346A (en) * 1910-04-18 1910-12-22 Robert Schlumberger Improvements in or relating to the Feeding Mechanism of Combing Machines.
US1169046A (en) * 1913-02-10 1916-01-18 Robert H Lunn Combing-machine.
US1141673A (en) * 1913-05-23 1915-06-01 Whitin Machine Works Method of combing cotton.
US1401179A (en) * 1916-05-17 1921-12-27 Nasmith John William Combing-machine
US1629092A (en) * 1918-09-10 1927-05-17 Whitin Machine Works Waste-removal apparatus
US1351076A (en) * 1918-10-07 1920-08-31 Alsatian Machine Company Combing-machine
US1369532A (en) * 1919-05-27 1921-02-22 John W Nasmith Combing-machine
US1479392A (en) * 1921-07-22 1924-01-01 Whitin Machine Works Scavenging system for textile machinery
US1464098A (en) * 1922-07-19 1923-08-07 Whitin Machine Works Detaching motion for combing machines
US1464820A (en) * 1923-01-27 1923-08-14 Heinrich Ernst Hermann Swinging nippers in flat combing machines
US1495743A (en) * 1923-05-05 1924-05-27 John Hetherington & Sons Ltd Machine for combing cotton, wool, and the like
US1551840A (en) * 1924-02-21 1925-09-01 John W Nasmith Combing machine
GB236356A (en) * 1924-06-10 1925-07-09 Albert Disley Improvements appertaining to machines for combing cotton and like fibrous substances
US1544228A (en) * 1924-12-06 1925-06-30 Whitin Machine Works Waste collector for combing machines
US1671101A (en) * 1924-12-29 1928-05-29 Whitin Machine Works Combing machine
GB247478A (en) * 1925-08-31 1926-02-18 Fine Cotton Spinners & Doubler Improvements in machines for combing cotton and other fibres
US1778873A (en) * 1928-10-31 1930-10-21 Sundberg Rudolf Constantin Combing machine
US1826494A (en) * 1929-08-24 1931-10-06 Whitin Machine Works Cotton comber
US1905336A (en) * 1929-10-12 1933-04-25 Frederick C Blanchard Machines for combing textile fibers
US1905300A (en) * 1931-03-20 1933-04-25 Manuel P Mello Machine for combing textile fibers
US1921203A (en) * 1931-09-05 1933-08-08 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2083255A (en) * 1934-03-06 1937-06-08 Whitin Machine Works Comber weighting system
US2092186A (en) * 1935-04-18 1937-09-07 Sachsische Textilmaschinenfabr Device on combing machines for piecing the tufts of slivers
US2145491A (en) * 1936-04-01 1939-01-31 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2219357A (en) * 1936-07-31 1940-10-29 Celanese Corp Manufacture of staple fiber materials from continuous filaments
US2210343A (en) * 1936-10-03 1940-08-06 Sachsische Textilmaschinenfabr Drawing-off device for combing machines
US2145492A (en) * 1937-03-08 1939-01-31 Nasmith John William Combing machine
US2249408A (en) * 1938-10-21 1941-07-15 Whitin Machine Works Pressure applying means for spinning frames
US2353812A (en) * 1940-10-02 1944-07-18 Whitin Machine Works Cotton comber
US2384603A (en) * 1940-10-02 1945-09-11 Whitin Machine Works Comber nipper system
US2339513A (en) * 1942-04-24 1944-01-18 Pierrepont Donald Weighting mechanism for the drawing rollers of combing machines and other machines for the treatment of textile fibers
GB563282A (en) * 1942-10-30 1944-08-08 John William Nasmith Improvements in or relating to textile combing machines

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125783A (en) * 1964-03-24 Rectilinear combers for textile fibers
US2781556A (en) * 1952-10-14 1957-02-19 Tmm Research Ltd Textile combing machine
US3142870A (en) * 1961-05-03 1964-08-04 Whitin Machine Works Selvage fiber control for combing machine
US3290731A (en) * 1963-10-21 1966-12-13 Howa Machinery Ltd Rectilinear comber for cotton
US3373462A (en) * 1964-06-05 1968-03-19 Schlumberger Cie N Combing machine for long textile fibers
US3479699A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-11-25 Maremont Corp Combers
US3486199A (en) * 1967-01-09 1969-12-30 Schlumberger Cie N Combing machine
US4958413A (en) * 1987-12-24 1990-09-25 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Drive mechanism for a feed roll of a combing machine
EP0564408A1 (de) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-06 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Kämmaschine
US5546636A (en) * 1995-03-27 1996-08-20 Mandl; Gerhard Comber machine
EP0735167A2 (de) * 1995-03-27 1996-10-02 Gerhard Dr. Mandl Kämmaschine
EP0735167A3 (de) * 1995-03-27 1997-03-12 Gerhard Dr Mandl Kämmaschine
EP2108720A1 (de) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-14 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Vorrichtung zur Bildung eines gekämmten Faservlieses
CN101555639B (zh) * 2008-04-11 2013-12-25 里特机械公司 用于形成梳理的纤维网的设备
US20170204538A1 (en) * 2014-07-21 2017-07-20 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Combing Machine

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Publication number Publication date
FR962520A (es) 1950-06-14
NL83196C (es)

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