US1369532A - Combing-machine - Google Patents

Description

J. W. NASM ITH.

I COMBING'MACHINE.

APPLICATION man mwzz. 1919.-

" Patented Feb. 22, 1921.,

3 SHEETS-SHEET I- W... 2.4. arms rrozlyirs- APPLICAHON 'FILED MAY 27' I919,

' L-"w. NASMITH.

comma MACHINE.

' Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. W. NASMITH.

COMBiNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILEID IMY27.1919.

Patented Fb. 22, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET showing other p 'top comb mechanism.

umren STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

JOHN w. NASMITH, or MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

. COMBING-M ACHINE.

T0 allwhomit may concern; a

Be it known that 1, JOHN WILLIAM NA- sirirrr, of Leegate,Mauldeth Road, Heaton Mersey, Manchester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements n combing-Machines, of which the follow ng is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in combing machines of the Nasmitlrl lellmann type and will be fully set'forth 1n the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figures 1, 2,

3 and 5 are diagrammatic illustrations, Fig.

l is a sectional view in elevation, through oneheadof the machine showingcertain parts and'lligs. 6 and 6 are similar views arts. Fig 6,shows the left hand half of a double machine with the parts in the combing position and l jig. 6 the right hand side-with the parts in the positions occupied during the detaching pe riod and an alternative arrangement of the In the now well-known Nasmith combinlg machine the nipper swings upon pivot placed below the cylinder and the nipper point moves to and fro along an. are A F 1. During the time that the nipper point traverses the short are BC and back again the rows of needles mounted upon and occupying about a quarter of the periphery of the cylinder have passed through the tuft of material projecting from and heldby the 'nipper. The short are BC, for the sake of brevity, may be called the; combingfarc and it is essential that it should beapprox1- mately parallelto the periphery of the cylinder. in order to suitdifferent lengths of fibers that compose various materials to be combed, the various growths of cotton for instance, it is necessary to alter the pos1t1on of the whole are AC-in relation to. the detaching roller D, that is 'to; say that for short material the forward extremity A must be considerably nearer toD than for long stapled material and itfollows that the combing arc is altered in relation to the periphery of the cylinder. .In the original Nasmith comber the theoretical. divergence of the combing arc in its various positions in practice, from the peripheryof the cylinder, is so small except in extreme cases, as to be negligible,becauseithe cylinder is a circle inside the are. V

In the British Letters Patent 887i of 1914 granted tome thecylinder' is a circle. ex-

increasing 1 Specification ofLetters Patent. Patent d- F b 22*192 A n mn filedMav 27, 1919. Serial No. 300,116. d V Y ternal to the arc traversed bythe point of the nipper, (Fig. 2). In this case the combing arc coincides sufliciently with the pe ripheryof the cylinder for practical purtion is to' provide means whereby the whole are traversed by the nipper may be altered in relation to the detaching roller D without in anyway altering the relation of thecombing arc to the cylinder. 7

To achieve this object one way is to make the pivot on which the nipper. oscillatesadjustable along an are having the axis of the combing cylinder as center, or along a line approximating to such arm. It is then clear that. by moving the pivot N'to n Fig. 3, the

wliole a1'c AG is moved farther from the detachlng roller to the dotted position ac without in any way altering the relation of the short combing arc'bo to the periphery of the cylinder. Itis also clear that the farther the point A is withdrawn from the roller D by movingfthe; pivot N toward a,- the higher the point A isin relation to a horizontal tangent tT drawn to touch the top of the roller D, so that during the draw- .ing off or detaching period the material is wellsupported behind the-top comb (T Fig.

' 6*), which must always goup to the detaching roller D no matter what may be. the position of A. In other words as N is moved toward a, the tangent of angle (tot, that is,

the angle between the dottedarc limited by radii a and Z), and thetangent line $1 is an lsTuantity. When the nipper pivot is at (Fig.3) the point A ofthe arc AC lies on the line tT and the angle and its tangent are zero. As N moves to. the

.angle and its tangent rapidly increase as A rises abovethe line tT,

Fig. 4, shows one suitablemechanical arrangement permitting the adjustment of the pivot N. 1. is the cylinder fixed upon theshaft C revolving inbearings 2.the bosses ofwhich project from the framing and upon which levers 3 pivot, one at each side of each head of the machine. Fixed securely in 3 is the nipper pivot N upon which the nipper swings as will be described later. In 3 is.

lever 9, ofwhich there are two to each head keyed'upon the shaft carried in bearings in the frame 6. On the end of the shaft 10 is keyed an index lever 11 provided with a circular slot 12 and secured to the framing *6 by the screw '13. A fixed finger 14 serves as an index to a graduated scale on the edge of the lever 11. The index lever 11 being secured to the framing by tightening the screw-13 the shaft 10 becomes a fixture and the screws 5 being loosened, each of the pivots N throughout the length of the machine may be adjusted separately b the nuts 8 on the rods 7 so as to be all alike in line at any given point on the arc W" which has the axisC of the combingcylinder as center. When this has been done all the pivots N throughout the length of the machine may be adjusted simultaneously to any other desired position by releasing the screw 13 and moving the lever'll to another point on the scale and securing it there.

Hitherto the adjustment of the distance between the nipper point and the detaching roller D to suit various lengths of fiber was obtained by altering the position of the arc of oscillation of the nipper shaft WV by suitable means on the end of it (compare U. S. specification No. 724119). A second object of the present invention is to provide means of making this adjustment independently of the shaft W. The displacement of the nipper pivot N as already described provides this means and alters the nipper shaft and,

(3) When the nipper is set back it raises the point of the nipper and so affords increased support of the material behind the top comb.

The oscillating shaft W from which the nipper receives its to and fro motion is placed above and a little behind the nipper pivot as shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 6 and is so placed with a three-fold object now to be explained.- Firstly it must be so placed that the lever keyed upon it can be connected to the nipper in such amanner that thedisplacement of the nipper pivot N will not materially affect the amplitude of the arc of oscillation of the nipper but only its osition in relation to the detaching roller This is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 5. If the pivot N be displaced along the arc W to a the center 16' moves to the dotted position along the arc am determined by the link 17 swinging on center 20 controlled by the arm 21 on the shaft W and results in displacing V the, forward end of the path of the nipper from P to p but does not affect the nipper or its movement in any other way.

Secondly it isso placed that the opening and closing of the nipper can be directly obtained from the oscillation of the shaft W and reasoning as above it is obvious that moving N to nFig. 5 does not disturb either the time or the amount of the opening of the nipper since the pin N4 Figs. 5 and 6 onl moves along an arc with N6 as center Thirdly it isso placed that the swinging of the top comb can also be directly controlled) from therocking shaft-W (Figs. 6 and 6 In my British Letters. Patent 3871/ 14 the top comb was shown and claimed as pivoted" justment was changed as is the case in the original Nasmith comber; In the above mentioned Letters Patent this was avoided with advantage but it was impracticable to connect the top comb directly to the nipper shaft and a separate operating shaft had to be provided and further as thepath of the top comb needles was an are parallel to that of the nipper point means for lifting the comb at the rear end of its path so as to clear itself every stroke had to be provided also. By placing the nipper shaft. as above described in relation to the nipper pivot the top comb can be'operated directly from the nipper shaft and the separate shaft and lifting mechanism all dispensed with and the'machinegreatly simplified. In Figs. 6 and 6 two methods of operating the comb from the nipper shaft are shown, one shows the right" and the other the left side of the machine, the latter being preferred. The comb is also arranged notionly to lift 'ofii its pivot but to lift bodily, off the machine.

The preferred arrangement-ofFig. 6 will now be described in detail, alongwith the general arrangement of the nipper parts. The Fig. 6 is a section, through the middle of a head in vertical elevation but omitting the parts shown in Fig. 4 except N, W, and 10. g V

The arm 15 (one at-each side ofthe head) f-hinges freely on the adjustable pivot N, the other end carrying a stud 16 on which hinges the link 17 provided with adjusting nuts 18 and passes through a swivel 19 hinging on the stud 20 fixed in one arm of the three-armed lever 21 keyed upon the oscillating shaft W. Securedto the arms 15 at each side of the head is a nipper cheek'N2 cast together with the bridge piece B to which is secured the bottom nipper knife P2.

Adjustment of this knife to the needles of the cylinder is provided by the screw P the slot S and the screw S1 and the bolt 16 which, when loosened, serves as a pivot for the nipper cheeks N2 during this adjust- 'ment. piece B are projections to carry the pivots Cast near each end of the bridge knife for cleaning or other purpose. The

link N5 has threaded upon it an open splral spring abutting. against the under face of a swivel N6 pivoting freely in the short arm of the three-armed lever 21. Adjusting nuts N7 are provided above the swivel. When the nipper is closed as shown in Fig. 6, the

swivel leaves the nuts and compresses the spring to grip the material betweenthe jaws of the nipper during the combing period.-

As the shaft W oscillates to its opposite position shown in Fig. 6 the swivel N6 con- "tacts with the nuts and lifts the top jaw,

opening the nipper for detaching, while the spring is dead. Owing to the position of the shaft W this action as already explained, is in no wise affectedby the amount of adjustment of thepivot N required in pracrice.

The top comb blade T is screwed tothe bridge T1, secured to the arms T2 provided with circular adjusting slots. T3 is a pivot fixed in the framing of the machine and.

loosely hung thereon is the piece T4, which is slidably adjustable by means of the set screw T5 on the upper end of the arm T2. Also pivoted on the stud T3 is the independent lever T7, having fixed in its lower end a pin T8 which engages in a groove T10 formed in the arms T2, so that any swinging movement of the pendent levers T7 is imparted to the comb arms. This swinging movement is obtainedv from a third arm on the lever 21 which is keyed on the shaft W and carries a pin on which the rod T6 pivots. The other end of this rod passes through a swivel T9 and is furnished with adjusting nuts. The piece T9 is accommodated between the arms T2 and the levers T7 and swivels freely on the pin T8. In order to prevent the comb from lifting when working a small latch T11 is freely pivoted on the lever T7 and drops naturally into a-notch formed inthe piece T4. When itis desired to lift the comb for any purpose the latch T11 is pushed back out of the notch when the whole comb canbe removed bodily from the machine.

In this arrangement the arcdescribed by the point of the comb needles isnot parallel with that followed by the nipper. point but toward the'rear end intersectsit and rises above it thus obviating the necessity of providing special mechanism for li-ftingit.

In the arrangement shown injtFigi 6, the pivot T31 on which the top comb rocks is fixed in'the top comb arm T27 and rests in an open bearing formed in the bracket T41", which is adjustable in a groove shaped in the stand 6 and provided with adjusting screws T57 to raise and lower the .comb. The upper end of the top comb arm T2ris connected tothe arm 21?" of the lever 21 keyed to the nipper shaft W by means of the rod T61 The pivot T3r'is prevented roller is omitted from the drawings,'the or- .dinary arrangement being used. I

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a combing machine, a combing cyl- I inder, a'detaching roller, nippers adjacent tosaid combing cylinder for holding the fiber to be combed adapted to swingin the roller, etween 5 arc of a circle adjacent the combin and means whereby the distance I) the detachingroller and said are may bealtered without disturbingthe relation of'the arc to the periphery of the combing cylinder. 1;; v

2. In a combing machine,a combing cylinder, pivotally mounted nippers adapted to swing in the arc of a circle adjacent said cylinder, the pivot point of said nippers be. ing adjustable along an arc of a circle concentric with said cylinder or along 'a line approximating such an arc.

3. In a combing machine, a detaching roller, nippers pivotally mounted'to swing in an are adjacent said detaching roller, a nipper-operating shaft, means for alterin the distance between the arc in which sai nippers swing and the detaching roller independent of. the nipper-operating shaft.

4. In a combing machine, a plurality of detaching rollers, a plurality of nippers mounted on pivots to swing in arcs adjacent said detaching rollers, a nipper-operating shaft, and means for simultaneously altering the distance between all of said detaching rollers and the corresponding nippers independent of said operating shaft.

5. In a combing machine, a plurality of detaching rollers, a plurality of nippers mounted on pivots to swing in arcs adjacent said detaching rollers and means for simultaneously altering the distance between the arcs in which said nippers swing and said detaching rollers.

6. In a combingmachine, a plurality of combing, cylinders, a plurality of nippers pivotally mounted longitudinal of the machine,'the pivots of said nippers being adjustable along arcs of circles concentric with said combing cylinders, said means being of such character that the pivot points of the nippers may be, adjusted simultaneously or each adjusted separately.

7 In a combing machine, nippers adapted to swing in thearc of a circle and having a pivot point on a lever adapted to be swung f on a pivot concentric with the cylinder, an

means comprising a second lever and connecting means between said levers, and a shaft extending longitudinally of the machine to which said second lever is key for adjusting the pivot point of said nippers,

8. In a combing machine, a plurality of combing, cylinders, a plurality of levers rotatably mounted lengthwise of the machine tomove it, so that an arc described b any point thereon will be concentric wit the cylinder, nippers ,pivotally mounted on said levers to swing in an are adjacent said cylinder, a longitudinally extending shaft in the machine, and a second set of levers extending from said shaft, connecting means between said levers whereby the position of the pivot points of all of the nippers may 7 be adjusted simultaneously, and means comuprising nuts screwed onto said connecting means between the levers whereby each of thesaid pivot pointsmay be adjusted separatelly.

9. n a combing machine, a combing cylinder, a detaching roller, nippersadjustably said jaws being adapted to be opened and closed and adapted to swing in an arc of a.

circle adjacent the said cylinder, and means whereby the distance between the detaching roller and said are may be altered without disturbing the relation of the arc to the periphery of the combing cylinder, the pivot point of saidnippers being adjustable along the arc of a circle concentric with the combing cylinder, a nipper-operati-ng shaft} located in the machine above and behind the pivot of said nippers, means on said operating shaft whereby the swinging of they nippers and the opening and closing of. said jaws may be operated, the adjustmentof the pivot point of said jaws being such as not to cilect the swinging or the opening and closing thereof. v

10. In a combing machine, a detaching roller, a combing cylinder,and a topcomb swingingly mounted adjacent thereto and cooperating therewith, nippers pivotally' mounted to swing in an are adjacent said detaching roller, a nipper operating shaft,

means for altering the distance'between the are in which said nippers swing and thede- V tachinug, roller independently of the nipper operating shaft, means for connecting the top comb with V the nipperoperating

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