US20120258063A1 - Preventing or ameliorating agent for pigmentation - Google Patents

Preventing or ameliorating agent for pigmentation Download PDF

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US20120258063A1
US20120258063A1 US13/516,170 US201013516170A US2012258063A1 US 20120258063 A1 US20120258063 A1 US 20120258063A1 US 201013516170 A US201013516170 A US 201013516170A US 2012258063 A1 US2012258063 A1 US 2012258063A1
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atoms
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Yuko Saitoh
Chihiro Kondo
Takashi Yamasaki
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Pola Chemical Industries Inc
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Pola Chemical Industries Inc
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Assigned to POLA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES INC. reassignment POLA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KONDO, CHIHIRO, SAITOH, YUKO, YAMASAKI, TAKASHI
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
    • A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
    • A61K31/223—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin of alpha-aminoacids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/57—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C233/63—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/64—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C233/81—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups
    • C07C233/82—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C233/83—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C235/52—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an external preparation for skin which is preferably usable for cosmetic preparations (including quasi-pharmaceutical products or quasi-drugs).
  • the present invention relates to a prophylactic (preventing) or ameliorating agent for pigmentation which consists of a compound represented by the following general formula (1), an isomer thereof, and/or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and an external preparation for skin which contains the same as a component.
  • R 1 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • the pigmentation which are caused on the skin after the suntan or sunburn, the freckle, the chloasma, and the senile pigment freckle reside in such a state that the melanin production is extremely facilitated or enhanced on account of the activation of the pigment cell (melanocyte) existing in the skin.
  • the component which is well-known to have the function for preventing or ameliorating the occurrence and the deterioration of the skin pigment trouble as described above, is the compound (skin whitening agent) having the skin whitening function including, for example, ascorbic acid and its derivatives, hydrogen peroxide, colloidal sulfur, glutathione, hydroquinone, and catechol (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
  • the organic low molecular weight compound which appropriately interacts with each of the target molecules, has the structural properties which differs depending on each of the target molecules. Therefore, studies are vigorously performed as well in relation to the optimization of the chemical structure in order to maximally make the use of the pharmacological action exhibited by the organic low molecular weight compound.
  • studies on the skin whitening agent are not limited to the compound which has the high efficacy and the high selectivity with respect to the existing target molecule, and studies are widened, for example, to the compound which simultaneously acts on a plurality of skin whitening target molecules and the compound which has a novel mechanism of action.
  • the excellent skin whitening function is expected for such skin whitening agent.
  • the screening has been carried out in relation to compounds having excellent skin whitening functions to seek for useful compounds which have various chemical structures or pharmacological characteristics. Any skin whitening agent, which has a novel scaffold nucleus, is still demanded even now.
  • Amino acid is the general term of organic compounds having both functional groups of amino group and carboxyl group in each of molecules thereof.
  • studies are vigorously made about ⁇ -amino acid as the constitutive unit of protein to express various functions in the living body.
  • ⁇ -amino acids including, for example, cysteine, arginine, valine, threonine, serine, and glycine existing in the living body as well as peptide derivatives including ⁇ -amino acids as constitutive elements.
  • the biological activities which are known to be possessed by ⁇ -amino acids and derivatives thereof, include the actions of, for example, the antiaging action (see, for example, Patent Document 1), the moistening action (see, for example, Patent Document 2), the skin whitening action (see, for example, Patent Document 3), and the surface activating action.
  • ⁇ -Amino acids and derivatives thereof are blended, for example, in cosmetic preparations in order to obtain the effects thereof.
  • the amino acids and the derivatives thereof as described above are excellent in the solubility, especially in the water solubility in addition to the efficacy, and the high safety is expected as well. Therefore, the blending in the cosmetic or the like is vigorously studied.
  • N-benzoylserine has the moistening action (see, for example, Patent Document 7) and the wrinkle preventing or ameliorating action (see, for example, Patent Document 8).
  • any skin whitening effect has not been clarified in relation to the serine derivatives as described above.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (1) described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has/have the prophylactic or ameliorating action for preventing or ameliorating the pigmentation.
  • Patent Document 1 JP2004-115438A
  • Patent Document 2 JP2002-087928A
  • Patent Document 3 JP05-301811A
  • Patent Document 4 JP11-310510A
  • Patent Document 6 JP06-256156A
  • Patent Document 7 JP2006-327972A
  • Patent Document 8 WO2007/013662.
  • R 1 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • R 1 is the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group;
  • R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a tert-butyl group.
  • R 1 is an unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group or a phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group;
  • R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
  • N-benzoyl-serine (Compound 2), N-(p-methylbenzoyl)serine (Compounds 1, 3, 15), N-(p-ethylbenzoyl)serine (Compound 7), N-(p-methoxybenzoyl)serine (Compound 5), N-(p-fluorobenzoyl)serine (Compound 4), N-(p-trifluoromethylbenzoyl) serine (Compound 8), N-(2-naphthoyl)serine (Compound 10), N-(4-phenylbenzoyl)serine (Compound 14), N-(p-methylbenzoyl)serine methyl ester (Compound 6), N-(p-methylbenzoyl)serine ethyl ester (Compound 17), N-benzoyl-serine (Compound 2), N-(p-methylbenzoyl)serine (Compounds 1, 3, 15), N-(p
  • R 4 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent (provided that unsubstituted phenyl group is excluded);
  • R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is a phenyl group having any substituent or an unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 is the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group (provided that unsubstituted phenyl group is excluded);
  • R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, or a butylyl group;
  • R 6 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a tert-butyl group;
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is the phenyl group having the substituent or the unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 is a phenyl group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group, an unsubstituted naphthyl or biphenyl group, or a naphthyl or biphenyl group having the substituent as defined above;
  • R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an acetyl group
  • R 6 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is the phenyl group having the substituent or the unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent (provided that unsubstituted phenyl group is excluded);
  • R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is a phenyl group having any substituent or an unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 is the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group (provided that unsubstituted phenyl group is excluded);
  • R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, or a butylyl group;
  • R 6 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a tert-butyl group; and at least one of R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is the phenyl group having the substituent or the unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 represents a phenyl group having the substituent which is a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkoxy group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an alkylamino group having a linear or branched alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, an ester group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, or an amino group, an unsubstituted naphthyl or biphenyl group, or a naphthyl or biphenyl group having the substituent as defined above;
  • R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an acetyl group
  • R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group
  • a preventing or ameliorating method for pigmentation comprising administering a compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2) as defined above, a compound defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, or ⁇ 7> as defined above, an isomer thereof, and/or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof to an object for which prophylaxis or amelioration for pigmentation is required.
  • the external preparation for skin of the present invention is characterized in that the external preparation for skin contains the prophylactic or ameliorating agent for pigmentation consisting of the compound represented by the general formula (1) described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the prophylactic or ameliorating agent for pigmentation of the present invention also comprises the function to prevent the pigmentation in addition to the function to ameliorate (improve) the pigmentation in which the pigmentation, which has been already formed, is diluted or eliminated (erased).
  • any component is applicable to the prophylactic or ameliorating agent for pigmentation of the present invention without any special limitation, provided that the component resides in the compound represented by the general formula (1) described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and the component has the function to prevent or ameliorate the pigmentation.
  • the component which has the function to suppress the pigmentation in “Evaluation of function to suppress pigmentation caused by ultraviolet radiation based on use of pigmented guinea pig” as described later on.
  • R 1 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent
  • R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4
  • R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • R 1 described above represents the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent, and the substituent on the aromatic group can be preferably exemplified, for example, by a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an ester group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atom
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents of the aromatic group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the aromatic ring.
  • R 2 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified, for example, by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, and a butylyl group. More preferably, it is possible to preferably exemplify a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an acetyl group.
  • R 3 described above represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified, for example, by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, and a tert-butyl group. More preferably, it is possible to preferably exemplify a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group.
  • Those more preferably usable as the compound represented by the general formula (1) described above can be preferably exemplified by the compound defined in ⁇ 2> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, as well as the compound represented by the general formula (2) described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Those preferably usable as the compound defined in ⁇ 2> described above can be preferably exemplified by the compound defined in ⁇ 3> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which can be more preferably exemplified by the compound defined in ⁇ 4> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Those more preferably usable as the compound represented by the general formula (2) described above can be preferably exemplified by the compound defined in ⁇ 6> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which can be more preferably exemplified by the compound defined in ⁇ 7> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (2), the compound defined in ⁇ 6> described above, the compound defined in ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof are novel compounds.
  • R 4 represents an unsubstituted aromatic group or an aromatic group having any substituent (provided that unsubstituted phenyl group is excluded);
  • R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4;
  • R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4; and at least one of R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is a phenyl group having any substituent or an unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 4 described above represents the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent, and the substituent on the aromatic group can be preferably exemplified, for example, by a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an ester group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atom
  • Specified examples are exemplified in relation to the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent. It is possible to preferably exemplify, for example, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, propyloxyphenyl group, butyloxyphenyl group, N-methylaminophenyl group, N-ethylaminophenyl group, N-propylaminophenyl group, N-butylaminophenyl group, N,N-dimethylaminophenyl group, N,N-diethylaminophenyl group, N,N-dipropylaminophenyl group, N,N-dibutylaminophenyl group, acetylphenyl group, propionylphenyl group, butyrylphenyl group, methoxy
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents of the aromatic group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the aromatic ring.
  • R 5 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a linear chain or branched chain alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4, or an acyl group having a linear or branched alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 4.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified, for example, by a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, and a butylyl group. More preferably, it is possible to preferably exemplify a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an acetyl group.
  • R 1 represents the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent which is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an ester group having an alkyl chain having a number
  • Specified examples are exemplified in relation to the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent. It is possible to preferably exemplify, for example, phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, propyloxyphenyl group, butyloxyphenyl group, N-methylaminophenyl group, N-ethylaminophenyl group, N-propylaminophenyl group, N-butylaminophenyl group, N,N-dimethylaminophenyl group, N,N-diethylaminophenyl group, N,N-dipropylaminophenyl group, N,N-dibutylaminophenyl group, acetylphenyl group, propionylphenyl group, butyrylpheny
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents of the aromatic group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the aromatic ring.
  • R 2 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, or a butylyl group.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an acetyl group.
  • R 3 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a tert-butyl group.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group.
  • the compound defined in ⁇ 2> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as well as the compound defined in ⁇ 6> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has/have the excellent function to prevent or ameliorate (improve) the pigmentation.
  • the compounds are excellent in the solubility in the hydrophilic or lipophilic medium, and it is easy to produce or formulate the pharmaceutical preparation such as the external preparation for skin or the like. Further, the compounds are excellent in the stability in the pharmaceutical preparation and the skin retention, and the compounds exhibit the excellent effect to prevent or ameliorate (improve) the pigmentation.
  • R 4 represents the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent which is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an ester group having an alkyl chain having a number
  • Specified examples are exemplified in relation to the unsubstituted aromatic group or the aromatic group having the substituent. It is possible to preferably exemplify, for example, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, propyloxyphenyl group, butyloxyphenyl group, N-methylaminophenyl group, N-ethylaminophenyl group, N-propylaminophenyl group, N-butylaminophenyl group, N,N-dimethylaminophenyl group, N,N-diethylaminophenyl group, N,N-dipropylaminophenyl group, N,N-dibutylaminophenyl group, acetylphenyl group, propionylphenyl group, butyrylphenyl group, methoxy
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents of the aromatic group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the aromatic ring.
  • R 5 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group, or a butylyl group.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an acetyl group.
  • R 6 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a tert-butyl group.
  • Specified examples can be preferably exemplified by a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group.
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is the phenyl group having the substituent or the unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • R 1 represents an unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group or a phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group having the substituent which is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom
  • Specified examples are exemplified in relation to the unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group or the phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group having the substituent. It is possible to preferably exemplify, for example, phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, propyloxyphenyl group, butyloxyphenyl group, N-methylaminophenyl group, N-ethylaminophenyl group, N-propylaminophenyl group, N-butylaminophenyl group, N,N-dimethylaminophenyl group, N,N-diethylaminophenyl group, N,N-dipropylaminophenyl group, N,N-dibutylamin
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by phenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents on the phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group.
  • R 2 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an acetyl group.
  • R 3 described above represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
  • the compound defined in ⁇ 3> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as well as the compound defined in ⁇ 7> described above, the isomer thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof has/have the excellent function to prevent or ameliorate (improve) the pigmentation.
  • the compounds are excellent in the solubility in the hydrophilic or lipophilic medium, and it is easy to produce or formulate the pharmaceutical preparation such as the external preparation for skin or the like. Further, the compounds are excellent in the stability in the pharmaceutical preparation and the skin retention, and the compounds exhibit the excellent effect to prevent or ameliorate (improve) the pigmentation.
  • R 4 represents an unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group or a phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group having the substituent which is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkoxy group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an alkylamino group having an alkyl chain or chains having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 6, more preferably having a number of carbon atom or atoms of 1 to 3, an acyl group having an alkyl chain having a number of carbon atom
  • those preferably usable can be preferably exemplified, for example, by methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, methoxyphenyl group, ethoxyphenyl group, fluorophenyl group, trifluoromethylphenyl group, naphthyl group, and biphenyl group.
  • the number of the substituent or substituents on the phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group described above can be preferably exemplified by 0 to 3, and the number is more preferably 0 or 1.
  • One or two or more of the substituent or substituents as described above can exist independently on the phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl group.
  • R 5 and R 6 is any group other than the hydrogen atom when R 4 is the phenyl group having the substituent or the unsubstituted naphthyl group.
  • Specified examples are exemplified in relation to the compound represented by the general formula (1) or the compound represented by the general formula (2) described above. It is possible to preferably exemplify 3-hydroxy-2-(benzoylamino)propionic acid (Compound 2), 3-hydroxy-2-(methylbenzoylamino)propionic acid (Compounds 1, 3, 15), 3-acetoxy-2-(methylbenzoylamino)propionic acid (Compound 11), 3-acetoxy-2-(ethylbenzoyl)propionic acid, 3-acetoxy-2-(methylbenzoyl)propionic acid, 3-acetoxy-2-(methylnaphthyl)propionic acid, 3-acetoxy-2-(methoxynaphthyl)propionic acid, 2-(methylbenzoyl)-3-propionyloxypropionic acid, 2-(ethylbenzoylamino)-3-hydroxypropionic acid (Compound 7), 3-hydroxy-2-(propylbenzoyla
  • the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above, the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, which are thus obtained as described above, have the excellent prophylactic or ameliorating action for pigmentation. Therefore, they are useful as the active ingredients of the external preparation for skin.
  • the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above, the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof exhibit the confirmed effect to suppress the pigmentation in an in vivo evaluation system by suppressing the melanin production on the basis of, for example, the action to suppress the activation of melanocyte as described above.
  • the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above, the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof are useful as the active ingredient of the prophylactic or ameliorating agent for pigmentation.
  • Any external preparation for skin, which contains the compound in order to express the action or function other than the prophylactic or ameliorating action or function for pigmentation also belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.
  • the external preparations to provide the action other than the prophylactic or ameliorating action or function for pigmentation utilizes the effect of the present invention, in case where the external preparations is principally aimed or intended to provide the prophylactic or ameliorating action or function for pigmentation as the action or function of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the external preparation for skin of the present invention is provided to prevent or ameliorate the pigmentation.
  • the use of the external preparation for skin of the present invention is for preventing or ameliorating the pigmentation.
  • the use for preventing or ameliorating the pigmentation includes the use for “skin whitening”, “freckle amelioration” or the like, which principally aims at the object achieved by preventing or ameliorating the pigmentation.
  • the external preparation for skin of the present invention is characterized in that the external preparation for skin contains the prophylactic or ameliorating agent for pigmentation consisting of any one of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above, the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof it is preferable to contain one or two or more of the species selected from the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2), the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof in a total amount of 0.0001% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.001% by mass to 10% by mass, and much more preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass with respect to the total amount (gross amount) of the external preparation for skin.
  • the content with respect to the total amount (gross amount) of the external preparation for skin is less than 0.0001% by mass, the prophylactic or ameliorating action or function for pigmentation is lowered. On the other hand, even if an amount exceeding 20% by mass is used, the effect reaches the plateau. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt the content described above with respect to the total amount (gross amount) of the external preparation for skin.
  • the external preparation for skin of the present invention exhibits the effect for prevention or amelioration of those related to the abnormality relevant to the pigmentation, including, for example, for “prevention or amelioration of pigmentation”, “skin whitening” and “freckle amelioration” by blending the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) described above, the compounds defined in ⁇ 2>, ⁇ 3>, ⁇ 4>, ⁇ 6>, and ⁇ 7> described above, the isomers thereof, and/or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the external preparation for skin of the present invention can be produced by treating the essential components and the arbitrary components as described above in accordance with the ordinary method, and processing the components, for example, into a lotion, a milky lotion, an essence, a cream, a pack cosmetic preparation, or a washing preparation.
  • Any preparation form can be adopted provided that the preparation form can be applied to the skin.
  • the active ingredient permeates into the skin to exhibit the effect. Therefore, it is more preferable to use the preparation form which is conformable to the skin, including, for example, the lotion, the milky lotion, the cream, and the essence.
  • p-Toluic acid 100 g, 0.734 mol
  • toluene 500 mL
  • p-toluic acid was dissolved.
  • Thionyl chloride 132.4 mL, 1.84 mol
  • the solution was heated and refluxed for 2 hours. After the reaction, the temperature was cooled to room temperature, and then remaining thionyl chloride and remaining toluene were evaporated by using a rotary evaporator.
  • Compound 3 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 1 described above by using p-toluic acid and DL-serine.
  • Hydrochloric acid (4 mL) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added while being stirred and cooled with ice, and pH was adjusted to not more than 2. Water (40 mL) was added, and the solid was obtained by filtration. The solid was sufficiently washed with water. After performing the drying for 4 hours under reduced pressure, the solid was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 mL) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), which was successively washed with a mixture solution of saturated saline solution (50 mL) and 5N hydrochloric acid (5 mL) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and saturated saline solution (100 mL ⁇ 2).
  • Compound 5 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 4 described above by using p-methoxybenzoyl chloride and L-serine.
  • L-Serine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.55 g, 9.96 mmol) (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was dispersed in dichloromethane (30 mL) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), to which triethylamine (2.25 g, 22.2 mmol) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added.
  • a solution of p-methylbenzoyl chloride (1.78 g, 11.5 mmol) (Aldrich)/dichloromethane (5 mL) was added dropwise thereto for 3 minutes while being stirred and cooled with ice. The water bath was removed, and the temperature was returned to room temperature to perform the agitation for 6 hours.
  • reaction solution was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), which was successively washed with saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution (30 mL), 1N hydrochloric acid (50 mL), and saturated saline solution (30 mL, 60 mL ⁇ 2 L).
  • the organic layer was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), followed by being filtrated. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Compound 8 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 7 described above by using p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride and L-serine.
  • Compound 9 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 7 described above by using p-methylbenzoyl chloride and DL-O-methylserine.
  • Compound 11 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 6 described above by using p-methylbenzoyl chloride and O-acetyl-L-serine hydrochloride.
  • Compound 12 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 6 described above by using 2-naphthoyl chloride and L-serine methyl ester hydrochloride.
  • Compound 17 was synthesized in accordance with the same method as that used for Compound 6 described above by using p-methylbenzoyl chloride and L-serine ethyl ester hydrochloride.
  • UVB Ultraviolet B
  • Normal human keratinocyte cells (Kurabo Industries, Ltd.) were seeded by using Humedia-KG2 medium (Kurabo Industries, Ltd.) at a concentration of 10 ⁇ 10 4 cells/well in 24-well plate, followed by being cultured for 24 hours.
  • the compound to be evaluated was dissolved at a concentration of 100 mM in DMSO, which was diluted 1,000 times with Humedia-KG2 medium and used as a sample solution.
  • tranexamic acid was dissolved at a concentration of 100 mM in DMSO, which was diluted 1,000 times with Humedia-KG2 medium and used as a positive control sample solution.
  • DMSO was diluted 1,000 times with Humedia-KG2 medium, which was used as a negative control sample solution.
  • the medium of normal human keratinocyte was exchanged with Humedia-KG2 medium (sample solution) containing the compound at a predetermined concentration, and the cells were cultured for further 24 hours.
  • the medium was exchanged with PBS (phosphate buffered saline), and cells were irradiated with the ultraviolet B (UVB) at 5 mJ/cm 2 by using an ultraviolet lamp (FL20S•E-30/DMR, Toshiba Medical Supply Co., Ltd.) as a light source.
  • UVB ultraviolet B
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • Normal human melanocyte cells were seeded to 96-well plate by using a medium of Medium 254 (Kurabo Industries, Ltd.) so that the concentration was 3 ⁇ 10 4 cells/well, and the cultivation was performed for 24 hours. After that, the medium was exchanged with the culture supernatant collected from normal human keratinocyte, and the cells were cultured for further 24 hours. After the cultivation for 24 hours, the medium was exchanged with Humedia-KG2 medium containing 0.5 mg/mL of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and the cultivation was performed for 3 hours.
  • MTT 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide
  • the formazan amount was determined by measuring the absorbances at 570 nm and 690 nm of cell lysate prepared with 2-propanol by means of a microplate reader (Benchmark Plus, Bio-Rad) and subtracting the absorbance at 690 nm from the absorbance at 570 nm.
  • the suppressing effect of each of the compounds on the melanocyte proliferation was represented by the percentage (%) as the formazan production ratio while the absorbance of the DMSO added group (negative control group) irradiated with the ultraviolet B (UVB) was assumed as 100.
  • the ratio of melanocyte proliferation shows the average and the standard deviation of three measurements.
  • each of the compounds to be evaluated was started from the time of completion of the ultraviolet radiation on the 1st day of the test.
  • Each of the compounds to be evaluated was applied in an amount of 30 ⁇ L once a day to the predetermined test sites, and this procedure was continuously carried out for 5 weeks (until 35th day of the test).
  • the skin luminosity (Brightness) (L* value) was measured for each of the test sites by using a hue color difference meter (color analyzer) (CR-200, Konica Minolta Holdings Inc.) before the ultraviolet radiation on the application start day (on the 1st day of the test) and after 5 weeks (on the 36th day of the test) to determine the ⁇ L* value by subtracting the L* value before the ultraviolet radiation from the L* value on the 36th day of the test. That is, the stronger the degree of pigmentation is, the lower the L* value is. Therefore, it is possible to consider that the larger the ⁇ L* value is, the more suppressed the pigmentation is. Results are shown in Table 2.
  • Pigmentation suppressing agent of 3.0 the present invention Compound 1
  • POE 60
  • hydrogenated castor oil 0.1 1,3-Butanediol 5.0
  • Glycerin 2.0
  • Polyethylene glycol 400 3.0
  • Xanthan gum 0.1
  • Potassium hydroxide 0.85 Methylparaben 0.2 Water 82.75 Total 100
  • a water-in-oil cream was prepared in accordance with a formulation shown in Table 4. That is, the components of A and B were heated to 80° C. respectively, and the components of B were gradually added to the components of A, followed by being emulsified. Particles were uniformized by using a homogenizer, followed by being stirred and cooled to obtain a cosmetic preparation (Cream 1).
  • a cosmetic preparation (Milky lotion 1), which was the external preparation or composition for skin of the present invention, was manufactured in accordance with a formulation shown in Table 5. That is, the components of A, B, and C were heated to 80° C., and the components of C were gradually added to the components of B while being stirred, followed by being neutralized. After that, the components of A were gradually added while being stirred. Emulsified particles were uniformized by using Homo Mixer to obtain a milky lotion.
  • the pigmentation suppressing effect was investigated by using Lotion 1 and the cosmetic preparations of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.
  • the ultraviolet radiation in a minimum erythema dose (1 MED) was performed once a day, and the ultraviolet ray was radiated three times on continuous 3 days. Starting from the 1st day after the completion of the radiation, 50 ⁇ L of the sample was applied once a day for continuous 28 days. One site was an untreated site.
  • the skin luminosity (Brightness) (L* value) was measured for each of the test sites by using a hue color difference meter (color analyzer) (CR-300, Konica Minolta Holdings Inc.) to calculate the ⁇ L* value with respect to the L value of the untreated site.
  • Results are shown in Table 6. Accordingly, it is appreciated that the cosmetic preparation (Lotion 1), which is the external preparation for skin of the present invention, has the excellent pigmentation suppressing effect. It is considered that this result is brought about by the pigmentation suppressing action of Compound 1 contained in Lotion 1 as described above.

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