US20100226070A1 - Tantalum powder, method for preparing the same, and electrolytic capacitor anode made of the tantalum powder - Google Patents

Tantalum powder, method for preparing the same, and electrolytic capacitor anode made of the tantalum powder Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100226070A1
US20100226070A1 US12/718,630 US71863010A US2010226070A1 US 20100226070 A1 US20100226070 A1 US 20100226070A1 US 71863010 A US71863010 A US 71863010A US 2010226070 A1 US2010226070 A1 US 2010226070A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
tantalum powder
tantalum
seed
electrolytic capacitor
particle size
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Abandoned
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US12/718,630
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English (en)
Inventor
Guoqi Yang
Wenfeng SHI
Xifang Bao
Yong Li
Zhongxiang Li
Zhangong Dong
Xiaoyan Yang
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Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co Ltd
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Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co Ltd
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Application filed by Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co Ltd
Assigned to NINGXIA ORIENT TANTALUM INDUSTRY CO., LTD. reassignment NINGXIA ORIENT TANTALUM INDUSTRY CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BAO, XIFANG, DONG, ZHANGONG, LI, YONG, LI, ZHONGXIANG, SHI, WENFENG, YANG, GUOQI, YANG, XIAOYAN
Publication of US20100226070A1 publication Critical patent/US20100226070A1/en
Priority to US13/564,907 priority Critical patent/US9199307B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/24Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004Details
    • H01G9/04Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
    • H01G9/042Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004Details
    • H01G9/04Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
    • H01G9/048Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
    • H01G9/052Sintered electrodes
    • H01G9/0525Powder therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to tantalum powder and the preparation of the same, and also relates to the electrolytic capacitor anode made of the tantalum powder. More particularly, the present invention relates to the improved powder for manufacturing sintered tantalum capacitor anode, and the method for preparing the same.
  • Tantalum powder is usually prepared by means of making a tantalum metal compound reacting with a reducing agent, or hydrogenating and pulverizing the dense metal.
  • the tantalum powder obtained by means of the former method is porous basic agglomerates having high specific surface area composed of many primary particles, and the tantalum powder obtained by the later method is of high purity, but with low specific surface area.
  • sintered tantalum capacitor is made as following steps: compressing tantalum powder to form a pellet, sintering the pellet in a vacuum furnace to form a porous body, subsequently, anodizing the porous body in suitable electrolyte liquid, such as diluted phosphoric acid, to form continuous dielectric oxide film on the surface of the porous sintered body.
  • suitable electrolyte liquid such as diluted phosphoric acid
  • an electrolytic capacitor shall have performance characteristics of higher specific capacitance, lower DC leakage and higher breakdown voltage. Since electrolytic capacitor has a lot of useful properties, it has been used in a wide ranging field.
  • the tantalum powder for manufacturing electrolytic capacitor for high voltage field must have good electric performance, such as higher capacitance and higher breakdown voltage.
  • the tantalum powder having poor tolerance of high voltage can hardly be used for high voltage field.
  • the BET surface area of tantalum powder produced by reduction of potassium fluorotantalate with sodium is 0.2 ⁇ 6.0 m 2 /g.
  • the tantalum powder that can be used in high voltage electrolytic capacitor.
  • the tantalum powder have high capacitance, excellent performance on DC leakage and good voltage tolerance.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide tantalum powder that could be used in high voltage electrolytic capacitor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide tantalum powder with high specific capacitance.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide tantalum powder with excellent performance on DC leakage.
  • Further object of the invention is to provide tantalum powder having good voltage tolerance.
  • the inventors find that, by changing the type of morphology of tantalum powder which is added as seed in the reducing process, the particle morphology of the product tantalum powder and the porosity of the anode can be improved, and thus the properties, including DC leakage and breakdown voltage could be improved, whereby the tantalum powder that can be used in the high voltage electrolytic capacitor is obtained.
  • the present invention realizes one or more of said objects:
  • Tantalum powder wherein the tantalum powder has a BET surface area of not more than 0.530 m 2 /g, and Fisher mean particle size of not less than 3.00 ⁇ m.
  • BET surface area is not more than 0.525 m 2 /g, preferably not more than 0.520 m 2 /g, more preferably not more than 0.515 m 2 /g.
  • Fisher mean particle size is not less than 3.05 ⁇ m, preferably not less than 3.10 ⁇ m.
  • the tantalum powder according to (1) wherein said tantalum powder has an bulk density in a range of 0.5-2.0 g/cm 3 , preferably 0.5-less than 1.8 g/cm 3 (6)
  • said Fisher mean particle size is not more than 5 ⁇ m, preferably not more than 4.5 ⁇ m, preferably not more than 4 ⁇ m, more preferably not more than 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the tantalum powder as seed is ⁇ 60 mesh, preferably ⁇ 100 mesh.
  • the oxygen content of the tantalum powder as seed is not more than 5000 ppm, preferably not more than 2000 ppm.
  • FIG. 1 shows the SEM photograph at 300 magnifications of the sample I.
  • FIG. 2 shows a SEM photograph at 500 magnifications of the sample J.
  • FIG. 3 shows a SEM photograph at 5000 magnifications of the sample I.
  • FIG. 4 shows a SEM photograph at 5000 magnifications of the sample J.
  • FIG. 5 shows the porosity of the sintered pellets which are sintered at 1500°/30 min prepared from three different processes.
  • FIG. 6 shows the porosity of the sintered pellets which are sintered at 1550°/30 min from prepared from three different processes.
  • the unit of ppm indicates “parts per million” in a mass basis; the so-called “high voltage” generally indicates the voltage of 100V or higher, especially 100V-250V.
  • the “ ⁇ ” or “+” before the mesh number indicates, respectively, that the particle “pass” or “not pass” the screen mesh of said mesh number, for example, “ ⁇ 60 mesh” indicates that those particles pass the screen mesh of 60 mesh, and accordingly, “+200 mesh” indicates that the particles do not pass the screen mesh of 200 mesh.
  • the particles of “ ⁇ 60-+200 mesh” refer to the particles pass the screen mesh of 60 mesh, but do not pass the one of 200 mesh.
  • the parameters for characterizing the particle of the powders include: the BET surface area (m 2 /g) tested by liquid nitrogen absorption process at low temperature, Fisher mean particle size (FSSS/ ⁇ m) measured by the Fisher sub-sieve analyzer, the bulk density (SBD,g/cm 3 ) measured by Scott bulk density analyzer, the porosity distribution of the anode measured by the Auto mercury pressure analyzer, the particle size distribution of the powders measured by a laser particle size distribution analyzer, the morphology size of the particle measured by a scan electronic microscope and a transmission electron microscope.
  • the electrolytic capacitor anode are prepared and characterized as follows: pressing tantalum powder into a pellets according to required density and size; then, sintering the pellet at a required temperature in a vacuum furnace into a sintered pellet; then maintaining the sintered pellet in 0.01 vol % phosphoric acid solution at 80° C. at constant voltage for a certain time period and anodizing the sintered pellet so as to form an electrolytic capacitor anode.
  • the devices for analyzing the parameters relating to the present invention are as following:
  • the results of BET surface area test can reflect the size of primary particles.
  • the Fisher mean particle size is obtained through measuring the speed of air passed a metal tube filled with powder, the Fisher mean particle size value of a powder is associated with the size of particle, meanwhile, it is related to the extent of the agglomerates.
  • the powders having different specific surface area may be having similar Fisher mean particle size value; and for the powder with same specific capacitance, the powder with higher agglomeration degree have greater Fisher mean particle size value.
  • said tantalum powder is that used for electrolytic capacitor with the energizing voltage of 100V ⁇ 250V.
  • said tantalum powder as seed i.e. the milled tantalum powder
  • said tantalum powder as seed has the properties as follows: particle size of ⁇ 60 mesh, preferably of ⁇ 100 mesh; the oxygen content of not more than 5000 ppm, preferably not more than 2000 ppm; the carbon content of not more than 40 ppm, preferably not more than 30 ppm; the nitrogen content of not more than 200 ppm, preferably not more than 150 ppm; the hydrogen content of not more than 300 ppm, preferably of not more than 150 ppm; the sum contents of iron, nickel and chromium of not more than 30 ppm.
  • the tantalum powder as seed is that has been milled.
  • said tantalum powder as seed has been continuously ball-milled for 5-40 hours with a stirring ball-mill.
  • the milling process may include: the start material is stirring ball-milled in a stirring ball mill, with alcohol as the milling medium, to form a flake powder having the aspect ratio of 5-20, then, the impurities in the milled powder are removed by leaching.
  • Said aspect ratio indicates the ratio of the width to thickness of a particle.
  • the aspect ratio can be tested with a scanning electronic microscope. For instance, the aspect ratio can be reliably obtained in this way: dispersing the particles and sticking them solidly to an adhesive tape, observing with a scanning electronic microscope, and testing the radial length and thickness of 2000-3000 particles, calculating the average value of radial length to thickness of these particles.
  • the tantalum powders with larger particle size and lower specific surface area can be obtained by adding tantalum powder as seed without changing the system and condition of the process.
  • the resultant tantalum powder has good sintering-properties, as well as high capacitance at high temperature, high breakdown voltage, low DC leakage and good agglomerating performance. Therefore, the tantalum powder according to the present invention is particularly useful in high voltage electrolytic capacitor.
  • the addition amount of the tantalum powder as seed there is no specific limitation on the addition amount of the tantalum powder as seed, so long as it's the amount suffices for acting as a seed.
  • said addition amount of the tantalum powder as seed is 5-80 mass % of the theoretical reduction weight, preferably 10-70 mass %, more preferably 30-60 mass %.
  • the so called “the theoretical reduction weight” means the weight of the tantalum powder that can be obtained by the present invention according to theoretical calculation, and which includes the amount of tantalum powder obtained from the reduction and the amount of tantalum powder added as seed. In the present application, all the percentage relating to the amount of tantalum powder as seed were of the above-said meaning.
  • tantalum powder is prepared based on conventional process, that is, tantalum metal is prepared by reducing tantalum compound with a reducing agent without changing any process condition.
  • Said process is known to those skilled in the art. According to the present invention, the parameters of the process are not specially limited.
  • sample tantalum powder are prepared with the following process, wherein:
  • the tantalum powder as seed is referred as “seed tantalum powder” for short.
  • the seed tantalum powder has the following characteristics: particle size of ⁇ 100 mesh; 4750 ppm of oxygen content; 35 ppm of carbon content; 170 ppm of nitrogen content; 260 ppm of hydrogen content; and the 25 ppm of the sum contents of iron, nickel and chromium.
  • particle size of ⁇ 100 mesh 4750 ppm of oxygen content
  • 35 ppm of carbon content 35 ppm of carbon content
  • 170 ppm of nitrogen content 170 ppm of nitrogen content
  • 260 ppm of hydrogen content the 25 ppm of the sum contents of iron, nickel and chromium.
  • samples A, D and H are the tantalum powders out of the scope of the present invention (in other words, without the addition of the seed powder in the process), and the sample B, C, E, F, I and J are in the scope of the present invention (in other words, with the addition the seed powder in the process).
  • Sample A obtained directly by sodium reduction
  • Sample B obtained with addition of 10 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction;
  • Sample C obtained with addition of 20 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction.
  • An amount of 0.5 g of the tantalum powder from Samples A, B and C were respectively pressed into pellets having a density of 5.0 g/cm 3 .
  • the pellets were sintered in a vacuum furnace at a pressure of 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, at different temperatures of 1450° C., 1500° C., 1550° C. and 1600° C. for 30 minutes to form sintered pellets.
  • Said sintered pellets were energized in 0.01 vol % phosphoric acid solution at 100V voltages to form electrolytic capacitor anodes. The properties were measured, and the results are listed in Table 3, 4 and 5.
  • Sample D obtained directly by sodium reduction
  • Sample E obtained with addition of 30 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction
  • Sample F obtained with addition of 50 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction
  • Sample H obtained directly by sodium reduction
  • Sample I obtained with addition of 50 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction
  • Sample J obtained with addition of 70 mass % seed tantalum powder in the reduction
  • the tantalum powder according to the present invention has proper bulk density.
  • the tantalum powder according to the present invention has better agglomerating effect and substantially lower ratio of fine particles, comparing with those in the prior art.
  • the particles of ⁇ 325 mesh only comprise not more than 60 vol % of all particles.
  • the electrolytic capacitor anodes manufactured from the tantalum powder, at high energizing voltage has comparative or even higher specific capacitance and lower leakage, and has improved sintering performance (shrinkage).
  • the tantalum powder according to the present invention especially suitable for high voltage electrolytic capacitor.
  • the process according to the present invention has excellent reproducibility which is very advantageous for the practice.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
US12/718,630 2009-03-05 2010-03-05 Tantalum powder, method for preparing the same, and electrolytic capacitor anode made of the tantalum powder Abandoned US20100226070A1 (en)

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CN200910119165XA CN101491834B (zh) 2009-03-05 2009-03-05 钽粉的制备方法

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CN (1) CN101491834B (es)
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IL (1) IL214604A (es)
MX (1) MX2011009311A (es)
WO (1) WO2010099701A1 (es)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110066199A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2011-03-17 Linder William J High voltage capacitor route with integrated failure point
US20110152959A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Sherwood Gregory J Implantable energy storage device including a connection post to connect multiple electrodes
US20110149474A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Sherwood Gregory J Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
WO2013006600A1 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Orchard Material Technology, Llc Retrieval of high value refractory metals from alloys and mixtures
US8619408B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2013-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered capacitor electrode including a folded connection
US8725252B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-05-13 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Electric energy storage device electrode including an overcurrent protector
US8848341B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2014-09-30 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Electronic component mounted on a capacitor electrode
US9129749B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-09-08 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered electrodes to store energy in an implantable medical device
US9199307B2 (en) 2009-03-05 2015-12-01 Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. Method for preparing a tantalum powder
US9269498B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2016-02-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered capacitor electrode including multiple thicknesses

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CN102382993B (zh) * 2011-10-09 2013-08-28 广东致远新材料有限公司 一种靶材级超高纯钽金属的制取方法
EP3089180B1 (en) * 2013-12-25 2019-11-06 Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. Capacitor grade high specific volume tantalum powder improving electrical performance and preparation method therefor
WO2015100519A1 (zh) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-09 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 一种高氮含量电容器级钽粉的制备方法及由其制得的钽粉及钽电容器
CN104858436B (zh) * 2014-02-21 2018-01-16 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 高可靠高比容电解电容器用钽粉的制备方法
CN107350482B (zh) * 2017-06-19 2019-08-02 西安建筑科技大学 一种V-Ti-Fe储氢合金粉的液相反应制备方法
US20220080502A1 (en) * 2020-09-14 2022-03-17 Kemet Electronics Corporation Freeze Drying and Tumble Drying of Flake Powder

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JPS60131901A (ja) * 1983-12-17 1985-07-13 Showa Kiyabotsuto Suupaa Metal Kk タンタル粉末の製法
US4555268A (en) * 1984-12-18 1985-11-26 Cabot Corporation Method for improving handling properties of a flaked tantalum powder composition
US5211741A (en) * 1987-11-30 1993-05-18 Cabot Corporation Flaked tantalum powder
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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8364259B2 (en) 2007-02-22 2013-01-29 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High voltage capacitor route with integrated failure point
US20110066199A1 (en) * 2007-02-22 2011-03-17 Linder William J High voltage capacitor route with integrated failure point
US9199307B2 (en) 2009-03-05 2015-12-01 Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. Method for preparing a tantalum powder
US9123470B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-09-01 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable energy storage device including a connection post to connect multiple electrodes
US20110152959A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Sherwood Gregory J Implantable energy storage device including a connection post to connect multiple electrodes
US8619408B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2013-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered capacitor electrode including a folded connection
US8725252B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-05-13 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Electric energy storage device electrode including an overcurrent protector
US11253711B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2022-02-22 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable energy storage device including a connection post to connect multiple electrodes
US8873220B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-10-28 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
US8988859B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-03-24 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered capacitor electrode including a folded connection
US20110149474A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Sherwood Gregory J Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
US9129749B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-09-08 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered electrodes to store energy in an implantable medical device
US10236131B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2019-03-19 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable energy storage device including a connection post to connect multiple electrodes
US9269498B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2016-02-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Sintered capacitor electrode including multiple thicknesses
US10096429B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2018-10-09 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
US9424997B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2016-08-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
US9721731B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2017-08-01 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems and methods to connect sintered aluminum electrodes of an energy storage device
US8848341B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2014-09-30 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Electronic component mounted on a capacitor electrode
US9322081B2 (en) 2011-07-05 2016-04-26 Orchard Material Technology, Llc Retrieval of high value refractory metals from alloys and mixtures
WO2013006600A1 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Orchard Material Technology, Llc Retrieval of high value refractory metals from alloys and mixtures

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WO2010099701A8 (en) 2011-09-22
US20120291593A1 (en) 2012-11-22
US9199307B2 (en) 2015-12-01
MX2011009311A (es) 2012-01-20
IL214604A0 (en) 2011-09-27
WO2010099701A1 (en) 2010-09-10
CN101491834A (zh) 2009-07-29
CZ308565B6 (cs) 2020-12-09
CN101491834B (zh) 2012-06-20
CZ2011597A3 (cs) 2011-10-19
IL214604A (en) 2016-08-31

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