US20060016333A1 - Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes - Google Patents

Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060016333A1
US20060016333A1 US11/003,894 US389404A US2006016333A1 US 20060016333 A1 US20060016333 A1 US 20060016333A1 US 389404 A US389404 A US 389404A US 2006016333 A1 US2006016333 A1 US 2006016333A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
driver
housing
electrodes
collector
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US11/003,894
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Taylor
Andrew Parker
Igor Botvinnik
Shek Lau
Gregory Snyder
John Reeves
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Sharper Image Corp
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Sharper Image Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to US11/003,894 priority Critical patent/US20060016333A1/en
Assigned to SHARPER IMAGE CORPORATION reassignment SHARPER IMAGE CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PARKER, ANDREW J., SNYDER, GREGORY S., TAYLOR, CHARLES E., REEVES, JOHN PAUL, LAU, SHEK FAI, BOTVINNIK, IGOR Y.
Priority to PCT/US2005/043815 priority patent/WO2006060741A2/en
Publication of US20060016333A1 publication Critical patent/US20060016333A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/86—Electrode-carrying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/08—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/32—Transportable units, e.g. for cleaning room air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/10—Preparation of ozone
    • C01B13/11—Preparation of ozone by electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2201/00—Preparation of ozone by electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/10—Dischargers used for production of ozone
    • C01B2201/12—Plate-type dischargers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2201/00—Preparation of ozone by electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/20—Electrodes used for obtaining electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/22—Constructional details of the electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/30—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ionisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the present invention is related generally to a device for conditioning air.
  • HEPA-compliant filter elements are expensive, and can represent a substantial portion of the sale price of a HEPA-compliant filter-fan unit. While such filter-fan units can condition the air by removing large particles, particulate matter small enough to pass through the filter element is not removed, including bacteria, for example.
  • System 10 includes an array of first (“emitter”) electrodes or conductive surfaces 20 that are preferably spaced-apart symmetrically from an array of second (“collector”) electrodes or conductive surfaces 30 .
  • the positive terminal of a generator such as, for example, pulse generator 40 which outputs a train of high voltage pulses (e.g., 0 to perhaps +5 KV) is coupled to the first array 20 , and the negative pulse generator terminal is coupled to the second array 30 in this example.
  • a generator such as, for example, pulse generator 40 which outputs a train of high voltage pulses (e.g., 0 to perhaps +5 KV) is coupled to the first array 20
  • the negative pulse generator terminal is coupled to the second array 30 in this example.
  • second electrodes 30 are preferably symmetrical and elongated in cross-section.
  • the elongated trailing edges on the second electrodes 30 are symmetrically and elongated in cross-section.
  • the elongated trailing edges on the second electrodes 30 provide increased area upon which particulate matter 60 entrained in the airflow can attach. While the electrostatic techniques disclosed by the '801 patent are advantageous over conventional electric fan-filter units, further increased air conditioning efficiency would be advantageous.
  • One method of increasing air conditioning efficiency is to position driver electrodes between the collector electrodes whereby the driver electrodes aid in driving the particulates toward the collector electrodes.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a plan, cross sectional view, of the electro-kinetic air conditioner system according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 1B illustrates a plan cross sectional view of the electro-kinetic air conditioner system according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a perspective view of the device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a perspective view of the device in FIG. 2A with the removable collector electrode in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates an electrical block diagram of the high voltage power source of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates an electrical block diagram of the high voltage power source in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the electrode assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a plan view of the electrode assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a perspective view of the air conditioner system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A illustrates an exploded view of the air conditioner system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B illustrates a perspective cutaway view of the air conditioner system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A illustrates a perspective view of the front exhaust grill with the driver electrodes coupled thereto in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8B illustrates a detailed view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8A in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A illustrates a perspective view of the air conditioner system with an electrode assembly positioned therein.
  • FIG. 9B illustrates a perspective view of the air conditioner system with an electrode assembly partially removed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates a perspective view of an electrode assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10B illustrates an exploded view of an electrode assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are directed to method and apparatus for moving air preferably using an air conditioning system therein, with or without a fan, whereby the system preferably includes at least one emitter electrode, at least one collector electrode, at least one driver electrode disposed adjacent to the collector electrode, and at least one trailing electrode positioned downstream of the collector electrode.
  • the collector electrode and the driver electrode are removable from the device.
  • the driver electrodes are removable from the device and/or the collector electrode. The ability to remove the collector electrode as well as the driver electrode allows for easy cleaning of the electrodes.
  • the present device includes a removable exhaust grill upon which the driver electrode and trailing electrode are coupled to. The removable grill allows the user to easily clean the driver electrode without having to remove the collector electrode.
  • One aspect of the present invention is directed to an air-conditioning device which comprises a housing that has an inlet and an outlet.
  • the present invention includes an ion generator that is located in the housing and is configured to at least create ions in a flow of air.
  • the invention includes a driver electrode that is located proximal to the outlet, wherein the driver electrode is removable from the housing.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an air-conditioning device which comprises a housing with a removable grill.
  • the present invention includes an ion generator which is located in the housing; and a driver electrode that is located adjacent to a collector electrode of the ion generator, wherein the driver electrode is coupled to the removable grill.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an air-conditioning device which comprises a housing which has an upper portion with a removable grill.
  • the present invention includes an emitter electrode located in the housing as well as a collector electrode located in the housing, wherein the collector electrode is removable through the upper portion of the housing.
  • the present invention includes a high voltage source that is operatively connected to at least one of the emitter electrode and the collector electrode.
  • the present invention includes a driver electrode that is preferably coupled to the removable grill, wherein the driver electrode is removable from the housing.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an air-conditioning device which comprises a housing, an emitter electrode that is located in the housing, and a collector electrode located in the housing, wherein the collector electrode is removable from the housing.
  • the present invention includes a high voltage source that is adapted to provide a voltage differential between the emitter electrode and the collector electrode.
  • the present invention includes a driver electrode that is preferably removable from the housing with the collector electrode, wherein the driver electrode is removable from the collector electrode when the collector electrode is removed from the housing.
  • an air-conditioning device which comprises a housing having an inlet grill and an outlet grill.
  • the present invention includes at least one emitter electrode positioned within the housing proximal to the inlet grill.
  • the present invention includes at least two collector electrodes, each having a leading portion and a trailing portion, wherein the collector electrodes are positioned proximal to the outlet grill.
  • the present invention includes a high voltage source that is adapted to provide a voltage differential between the at least one emitter electrode and the collector electrodes.
  • the present invention includes at least one removable driver electrode that is positioned between the at least two second electrodes proximal to the trailing portions.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of providing an air-conditioning device which comprises providing a housing; positioning an emitter electrode in the housing; and positioning a collector electrode downstream of the emitter electrode.
  • the present method includes coupling a high voltage source that is adapted to provide a voltage differential between the emitter electrode and the collector electrode and positioning a removable driver electrode adjacent to the collector electrode in the housing.
  • the electrode assembly is positioned within an elongated housing of an air-conditioning device, wherein the housing has an upper portion and a grill that is configured to be selectively removable from a side of the housing.
  • the electrode assembly includes an emitter electrode which is spaced from the collector electrodes.
  • the electrode assembly includes a driver electrode positioned between the collector electrodes, wherein the emitter electrode and the collector electrodes are electrically coupled to a high voltage source.
  • the method comprises lifting the electrode assembly from the housing through the upper portion, wherein the collector electrodes are at least partially exposed.
  • the method further comprises removing the driver electrode from the lifted electrodes assembly.
  • the method further alternatively comprises removing the grill from the side of the housing, wherein the driver electrode is at least partially exposed and is capable of being removably secured to an interior surface of the grill.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of removing an electrode assembly which includes collector and driver electrodes for cleaning.
  • the electrode assembly is positioned within a housing of an air-conditioning device, wherein the housing has an upper portion.
  • the method comprising the step of lifting the electrode assembly from the housing through the upper portion, wherein the collector electrodes and the driver electrodes are accessible.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of removing an electrode assembly which includes collector and driver electrodes for cleaning.
  • the electrode assembly is positioned within a housing of an air-conditioning device, wherein the housing has an upper portion.
  • the method comprises the step of lifting the electrode assembly from the housing through the upper portion.
  • the method also includes the step of removing the driver electrode from the lifted electrode assembly.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of cleaning a driver electrode that is positioned within an elongated housing of an air-conditioning device which has a grill that is removable from a side of the housing.
  • the method comprises removing the grill from the side of the housing, wherein the driver electrode is at least partially exposed.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate one embodiment of the air conditioner system 100 whose housing 102 includes rear-located intake vents with vent grills or louvers 104 , front-located exhaust vents with vent grills or louvers 106 , and a base pedestal 108 .
  • the system 100 includes at least one emitter electrode 232 and at least one collector electrode 242 , which is preferably removable as discussed below.
  • the front and rear grills 104 , 106 preferably include several fins, whereby each fin is a thin ridge spaced-apart from the next fin so that each fin creates minimal resistance as air flows through the housing 102 .
  • the fins are arranged vertically and are directed along the elongated vertical upstanding housing 102 of the unit 100 ( FIG. 6 ).
  • the fins are perpendicular to the electrodes 232 , 242 and are configured horizontally.
  • the inlet and outlet fins are aligned to give the unit a “see through” appearance.
  • a user can “see through” the unit 100 from the inlet to the outlet or vice versa.
  • the user will see no moving parts within the housing, but just a quiet unit that cleans the air passing therethrough.
  • Other orientations of fins and electrodes are contemplated in other embodiments, such as a configuration in which the user is unable to see through the unit 100 , whereby the unit 100 contains a germicidal lamp 290 ( FIG. 3A ) therein.
  • the unit 100 is energized by activating switch S 1 on the top surface of the housing 102 , whereby high voltage or high potential output by the voltage generator 170 produces ions at the emitter electrode 232 which are attracted to the collector electrodes 242 .
  • the ions move from an “IN” to an “OUT” direction from the emitter electrodes 232 to the collector electrodes 242 and are carried along with air molecules.
  • the device 100 electro-kinetically produces an outflow of ionized air.
  • the device 100 is an electro-static precipitator, whereby the device 100 produces ions in an airflow created by a fan or other device.
  • the “IN” notation in FIG. 2A denotes the intake of ambient air with particulate matter 60 through the inlet vents.
  • the “OUT” notation in FIG. 2A denotes the outflow of cleaned air through the outlet vent substantially devoid of the particulate matter 60 .
  • appropriate amounts of ozone (O 3 ) are beneficially produced.
  • a metal shield (not shown) is disposed within the housing 102 , or portions of the interior of the housing 102 are alternatively coated with a metallic paint to reduce such radiation.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates an electrical circuit diagram for the system 100 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system 100 has an electrical power cord that plugs into a common electrical wall socket that provides a nominal 110 VAC.
  • An electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 110 is placed across the incoming nominal 110 VAC line to reduce and/or eliminate high frequencies generated by the various circuits within the system 100 , such as the electronic ballast 112 .
  • the electronic ballast 112 is electrically connected to a germicidal lamp 290 (e.g. an ultraviolet lamp) to regulate, or control, the flow of current through the lamp 290 .
  • a switch 218 is used to turn the lamp 290 on or off.
  • the EMI Filter 110 is well known in the art and does not require a further description.
  • the system 100 does not include the germicidal lamp 290 , whereby the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3A would not include the electronic ballast 112 , the germicidal lamp 290 , nor the switch 218 used to operate the germicidal lamp 290 .
  • the EMI filter 110 is coupled to a DC power supply 114 .
  • the DC power supply 114 is coupled to the first HVS 170 as well as the second high voltage power source 172 .
  • the high voltage power source can also be referred to as a pulse generator.
  • the DC power supply 114 is also coupled to the micro-controller unit (MCU) 130 .
  • the MCU 130 can be, for example, a Motorola 68HC908 series micro-controller, available from Motorola. Alternatively, any other type of MCU is contemplated.
  • the MCU 130 can receive a signal from the switch S 1 as well as a boost signal from the boost button 216 .
  • the MCU 130 also includes an indicator light 219 which specifies when the electrode assembly is ready to be cleaned.
  • the DC Power Supply 114 is designed to receive the incoming nominal 110 VAC and to output a first DC voltage (e.g., 160 VDC) to the first HVS 170 .
  • the DC Power Supply 114 voltage (e.g., 160 VDC) is also stepped down to a second DC voltage (e.g., 12 VDC) for powering the micro-controller unit (MCU) 130 , the HVS 172 , and other internal logic of the system 100 .
  • the voltage is stepped down through a resistor network, transformer or other component.
  • the MCU 130 monitors the stepped down voltage (e.g., about 12 VDC), which is referred to as the AC voltage sense signal 132 in FIG. 3A , to determine if the AC line voltage is above or below the nominal 110 VAC, and to sense changes in the AC line voltage. For example, if a nominal 110 VAC increases by 10% to 121 VAC, then the stepped down DC voltage will also increase by 10%. The MCU 130 can sense this increase and then reduce the pulse width, duty cycle and/or frequency of the low voltage pulses to maintain the output power (provided to the HVS 170 ) to be the same as when the line voltage is at 110 VAC.
  • the stepped down voltage e.g., about 12 VDC
  • FIG. 3B illustrates a schematic block diagram of the high voltage power supply in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first and second HVSs 170 , 172 include the same or similar components as that shown in FIG. 3B .
  • the first and second HVSs 170 , 172 are alternatively comprised of different components from each other as well as those shown in FIG. 3B .
  • the HVSs 170 , 172 include an electronic switch 126 , a step-up transformer 116 and a voltage multiplier 118 .
  • the primary side of the step-up transformer 116 receives the DC voltage from the DC power supply 114 .
  • the DC voltage received from the DC power supply 114 is approximately 160 Vdc.
  • the DC voltage received from the DC power supply 114 is approximately 12 Vdc.
  • An electronic switch 126 receives low voltage pulses 120 (of perhaps 20-25 KHz frequency) from the MCU 130 . Such a switch is shown as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 126 .
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • the IGBT 126 couples the low voltage pulses 120 from the MCU 130 to the input winding of the step-up transformer 116 .
  • the secondary winding of the transformer 116 is coupled to the voltage multiplier 118 , which outputs the high voltage pulses to the electrode(s).
  • the electrode(s) are the emitter and collector electrode sets 230 and 240 .
  • the electrode(s) are the trailing electrodes 222 .
  • the IGBT 126 operates as an electronic on/off switch. Such a transistor is well known in the art and does not require a further description.
  • the first and second HVSs 170 , 172 When driven, the first and second HVSs 170 , 172 receive the low input DC voltage from the DC power supply 114 and the low voltage pulses from the MCU 130 and generate high voltage pulses of preferably at least 5 KV peak-to-peak with a repetition rate of about 20 to 25 KHz.
  • the voltage multiplier 118 in the first HVS 170 outputs between 5 to 9 KV to the first set of electrodes 230 and between ⁇ 6 to ⁇ 18 KV to the second set of electrodes 240 .
  • the emitter electrodes 232 receive approximately 5 to 6 KV whereas the collector electrodes 242 receive approximately ⁇ 9 to ⁇ 10 KV.
  • the voltage multiplier 118 in the second HVS 172 outputs approximately ⁇ 12 KV to the trailing electrodes 222 .
  • the driver electrodes 246 are preferably connected to ground. It is within the scope of the present invention for the voltage multiplier 118 to produce greater or smaller voltages.
  • the high voltage pulses preferably have a duty cycle of about 10%-15%, but may have other duty cycles, including a 100% duty cycle.
  • the low voltage pulse signal 120 has a fixed pulse width, frequency and duty cycle for the LOW setting, another fixed pulse width, frequency and duty cycle for the MEDIUM setting, and a further fixed pulse width, frequency and duty cycle for the HIGH setting.
  • the “high” airflow signal can have a pulse width of 5 microseconds and a period of 40 microseconds (i.e., a 12.5% duty cycle), and the “low” airflow signal can have a pulse width of 4 microseconds and a period of 40 microseconds (i.e., a 10% duty cycle).
  • the voltage difference between the first set 230 and the second set 240 is proportional to the actual airflow output rate of the system 100 .
  • the greater voltage differential is created between the first and second set electrodes 230 , 240 by the “high” airflow signal
  • the lesser voltage differential is created between the first and second set electrodes 230 , 240 by the “low” airflow signal.
  • the airflow signal causes the voltage multiplier 118 to provide between 5 and 9 KV to the first set electrodes 230 and between ⁇ 9 and ⁇ 10 KV to the second set electrodes 240 .
  • the cyclical drive when the airflow is “On” is preferably modulated between the “high” and “low” airflow signals (e.g. 2 seconds “high” and 10 seconds “low”), as stated above.
  • the control dial S 1 is set to LOW, the signal from the MCU 130 will cyclically drive the first HVS 170 (i.e. airflow is “On”) for a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 20 seconds), and then drop to a zero or a lower voltage for a longer time period (e.g., 80 seconds).
  • the cyclical drive when the airflow is “On” is preferably modulated between the “high” and “low” airflow signals (e.g.
  • Cyclically driving airflow through the system 100 for a period of time, followed by little or no airflow for another period of time allows the overall airflow rate through the system 100 to be slower than when the dial S 1 is set to HIGH.
  • cyclical driving reduces the amount of ozone emitted by the system since little or no ions are produced during the period in which lesser or no airflow is being output by the system.
  • the duration in which little or no airflow is driven through the system 100 provides the air already inside the system a longer dwell time, thereby increasing particle collection efficiency.
  • the long dwell time allows air to be exposed to a germicidal lamp, if present.
  • the second HVS 172 approximately 12 volts DC is applied to the second HVS 172 from the DC Power Supply 114 .
  • the second HVS 172 provides a negative charge (e.g. ⁇ 12 KV) to one or more trailing electrodes 222 in one embodiment.
  • a negative charge e.g. ⁇ 12 KV
  • the second HVS 172 provides a voltage in the range of, and including, ⁇ 10 KV to ⁇ 60 KV in other embodiments. In one embodiment, other voltages produced by the second HVS 172 are contemplated.
  • the system 100 will operate in a first boost setting when the boost button 216 is pressed once.
  • the MCU 130 drives the first HVS 170 as if the control dial S 1 was set to the HIGH setting for a predetermined amount of time (e.g., 6 minutes), even if the control dial S 1 is set to LOW or MEDIUM (in effect overriding the setting specified by the dial S 1 ).
  • the predetermined time period may be longer or shorter than 6 minutes.
  • the predetermined period can also preferably be 20 minutes if a higher cleaning setting for a longer period of time is desired.
  • the low voltage signal modulates between the “high” airflow signal and the “low” airflow signal for predetermined amount of times and voltages, as stated above, when operating in the first boost setting. In another embodiment, the low voltage signal does not modulate between the “high” and “low” airflow signals.
  • the MCU 130 will also operate the second HVS 172 to operate the trailing electrode 222 to generate ions, preferably negative, into the airflow.
  • the trailing electrode 222 will preferably repeatedly emit ions for one second and then terminate for five seconds for the entire predetermined boost time period. The increased amounts of ozone from the boost level will further reduce odors in the entering airflow as well as increase the particle capture rate of the system 100 .
  • the system 100 will return to the airflow rate previously selected by the control dial S 1 . It should be noted that the on/off cycle at which the trailing electrodes 222 operate are not limited to the cycles and periods described above.
  • the system 100 operates in the second setting, which is an increased ion generation or “feel good” mode.
  • the MCU 130 drives the first HVS 170 as if the control dial S 1 was set to the LOW setting, even if the control dial S 1 is set to HIGH or MEDIUM (in effect overriding the setting specified by the dial S 1 ).
  • the airflow is not continuous, but “On” and then at a lesser or zero airflow for a predetermined amount of time (e.g. 6 minutes).
  • the MCU 130 will operate the second HVS 172 to operate the trailing electrode 222 to generate negative ions into the airflow.
  • the trailing electrode 222 will repeatedly emit ions for one second and then terminate for five seconds for the predetermined amount of time. It should be noted that the on/off cycle at which the trailing electrodes 222 operate are not limited to the cycles and periods described above.
  • the present system 100 operates in an automatic boost mode upon the system 100 being initially plugged into the wall and/or initially being turned on after being off for a predetermined amount of time.
  • the MCU 130 automatically drives the first HVS 170 as if the control dial S 1 was set to the HIGH setting for a predetermined amount of time, as discussed above, even if the control dial S 1 is set to LOW or MEDIUM, thereby causing the system 100 to run at a maximum airflow rate for the amount of time.
  • the MCU 130 automatically operates the second HVS 172 to operate the trailing electrode 222 at a maximum ion emitting rate to generate ions, preferably negative, into the airflow for the same amount of time.
  • This configuration allows the system 100 to effectively clean stale, pungent, and/or polluted air in a room which the system 100 has not been continuously operating in. This feature improves the air quality at a faster rate while emitting negative “feel good” ions to quickly eliminate any odor in the room.
  • the system 100 automatically adjusts the airflow rate and ion emitting rate to the third setting (i.e. normal operating mode). For example, in this initial plug-in or initial turn-on mode, the system can operate in the high setting for 20 minutes to enhance the removal of particulates and to more rapidly clean the air as well as deodorize the room.
  • the system 100 will include an indicator light which informs the user what mode the system 100 is operating in when the boost button 216 is depressed.
  • the indicator light is the same as the cleaning indicator light 219 discussed above.
  • the indicator light is a separate light from the indicator light 219 .
  • the indicator light will emit a blue light when the system 100 operates in the first setting.
  • the indicator light will emit a green light when the system 100 operates in the second setting.
  • the indicator light will not emit a light when the system 100 is operating in the third setting.
  • the MCU 130 provides various timing and maintenance features in one embodiment.
  • the MCU 130 can provide a cleaning reminder feature (e.g., a 2 week timing feature) that provides a reminder to clean the system 100 (e.g., by causing indicator light 219 to turn on amber, and/or by triggering an audible alarm that produces a buzzing or beeping noise).
  • the MCU 130 can also provide arc sensing, suppression and indicator features, as well as the ability to shut down the first HVS 170 in the case of continued arcing. Details regarding arc sensing, suppression and indicator features are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/625,401 which is incorporated by reference above.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of the electrode assembly 220 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the electrode assembly 220 comprises a first set 230 of at least one emitter electrode 232 , and further comprises a second set 240 of at least one collector electrode 242 .
  • the number N 1 of emitter electrodes 232 in the first set 230 differ by one relative to the number N 2 of collector electrodes 242 in the second set 240 .
  • the system includes a greater number of collector electrodes 242 than emitter electrodes 232 .
  • additional emitter electrodes 232 are alternatively positioned at the outer ends of set 230 such that N 1 >N 2 , e.g., five emitter electrodes 232 compared to four collector electrodes 242 .
  • additional emitter electrodes 232 are alternatively positioned at the outer ends of set 230 such that N 1 >N 2 , e.g., five emitter electrodes 232 compared to four collector electrodes 242 .
  • single electrodes or single conductive surfaces are substituted.
  • the material(s) of the electrodes 232 and 242 should conduct electricity and be resistant to the corrosive effects from the application of high voltage, but yet be strong and durable enough to be cleaned periodically.
  • the emitter electrodes 232 are fabricated from tungsten. Tungsten is sufficiently robust in order to withstand cleaning, has a high melting point to retard breakdown due to ionization, and has a rough exterior surface that promotes efficient ionization.
  • the collector electrodes 242 preferably have a highly polished exterior surface to minimize unwanted point-to-point radiation. As such, the collector electrodes 242 are fabricated from stainless steel and/or brass, among other appropriate materials. The polished surface of electrodes 232 also promotes ease of electrode cleaning.
  • electrodes 232 and 242 allow the electrodes 232 , 242 to be light weight, easy to fabricate, and lend themselves to mass production. Further, electrodes 232 and 242 described herein promote more efficient generation of ionized air, and appropriate amounts of ozone.
  • the electrode assembly 220 is electrically connected to the high voltage source unit, such as a high voltage pulse generator 170 .
  • the high voltage source unit such as a high voltage pulse generator 170
  • the positive output terminal of the high voltage source 170 is coupled to the emitter electrodes 232
  • the negative output terminal of high voltage source 170 is coupled to the collector electrodes 242 as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • This coupling polarity has been found to work well and minimizes unwanted audible electrode vibration or hum.
  • generation of positive ions is conducive to a relatively silent airflow, from a health standpoint it is desired that the output airflow be richer in negative ions than positive ions.
  • one port (preferably the negative port) of the high voltage pulse generator 170 can in fact be the ambient air.
  • the collector electrodes 242 need not be connected to the high voltage pulse generator 170 using a wire. Nonetheless, there will be an “effective connection” between the collector electrodes 242 and one output port of the high voltage pulse generator 170 , in this instance, via ambient air.
  • the negative output terminal of unit 170 is connected to the emitter electrodes 232 and the positive output terminal is connected to the collector electrodes 242 .
  • Molecules as well as particulates in the air thus become ionized with the charge emitted by the emitter electrodes 232 as they pass by the electrodes 232 .
  • the opposite polarity of the collector electrodes 242 causes the ionized particles 60 to be attracted and thereby move toward the collector electrodes 242 . Therefore, the collector electrodes 242 collect the ionized particulates 60 in the air, thereby allowing the device 100 to output cleaner, fresher air.
  • each insulated driver electrode 246 includes an underlying electrically conductive electrode 253 that is covered by a dielectric material 254 .
  • the electrically conductive electrode 253 is located on a printed circuit board (PCB) covered by one or more additional layers of insulated material 254 .
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • Exemplary insulated PCBs are generally commercially available and may be found from a variety of sources, including for example Electronic Service and Design Corp, of Harrisburg, Pa.
  • the dielectric material 254 could be heat shrink tubing wherein during manufacture, heat shrink tubing is placed over the conductive electrodes 253 and then heated, which causes the tubing to shrink to the shape of the conductive electrodes 253 .
  • An exemplary heat shrinkable tubing is type FP-301 flexible polyolefin tubing available from 3M of St. Paul, Minn.
  • the trailing electrodes 222 are configured to be wire shaped and extend substantially along the length of the electrode assembly 220 .
  • the wire shaped trailing electrodes 222 are advantageous, because negative ions are produced along the entire length of the electrode 222 . This production of negative ions along the entire length of the electrode 222 allows more ions to be freely dissipated in the air as the air flows past the electrode assembly 220 .
  • the trailing electrode 222 is a triangular shape with pointed ends, instead of a wire.
  • the exhaust grill 402 B and intake grill 402 C preferably include fins which run longitudinally or vertically along the length of the upstanding housing 402 A as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 A.
  • the fins are configured in any other direction and are not limited to the vertical direction.
  • the grill 402 B includes the set of trailing electrodes 222 which are disposed downstream of the driver electrodes 246 and near the inner surface of the exhaust grill 402 B.
  • An illustration of the trailing electrodes 222 is shown in FIG. 8B . It should be noted that the trailing electrodes 222 are present in FIG. 8A , although not shown for clarity purposes.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are removable from the exhaust grill 402 B, the user is able to access to the trailing electrodes 222 for cleaning purposes.
  • the trailing electrodes 222 are preferably secured to the interior of the exhaust grill 402 B by a number of coils 418 , as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B . As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B , the coils 418 and the trailing electrodes 222 are preferably coupled to an attaching member of 426 .
  • the attaching member 426 is secured to the inner surface of the exhaust grill 402 B, whereby the attaching member 426 and electrodes 222 remain with the grill 402 B when the grill 402 B is removed from the housing 402 A.
  • the user is able to remove the driver electrodes 246 from the clips 416 by simply pulling on the driver electrodes 246 .
  • the driver electrodes 246 are disengaged from the clips 416 by any other appropriate known method or mechanism.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are secured to the exhaust grill 402 B and can be cleaned as secured to the exhaust grill 402 B.
  • the user is also able to clean the trailing electrodes 222 ( FIG. 8B ) once the driver electrodes 246 are disengaged from the clips 416 .
  • the electrode assembly 420 within the housing 402 A is exposed.
  • the user is able to clean the emitter 232 and the collector electrodes 242 while the electrodes are positioned within the housing 402 A.
  • the user is able to vertically lift the handle 406 and pull the collector electrodes 240 of the electrode assembly 420 telescopically out through the upper portion of the housing 402 A without having to remove the exhaust grill 402 B. The user is thereby able to completely remove the collector electrodes 240 of the electrode assembly 420 from the housing portion 402 A and have complete access to the collector electrodes 242 .
  • the electrode assembly 420 includes a mechanism which includes a flexible member and a slot for capturing and cleaning the emitter electrode 232 whenever the electrode assembly 420 is inserted and/or removed. More detail regarding the mechanism is provided in U.S. Pat. No. 6,709,484 which was incorporated by reference above.
  • the collector electrode assembly 540 is removable from the unit 500 by lifting the handle 506 in a vertical direction and pulling the collector electrode assembly 540 telescopically out of the housing 502 A.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are then removable from the collector electrode assembly 540 after the collector electrode assembly 540 has been removed from the unit 500 , as will be discussed below.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are removable telescopically out of the housing 502 A independently of the collector electrode assembly 540 .
  • the driver electrodes 246 can thus be removed from the housing 502 A while the collector electrode assembly 540 remains in the housing 502 A in one embodiment.
  • the driver electrodes 246 can be removed from the housing 502 A after the collector electrode assembly 520 has been removed.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates a perspective view of the collector electrode assembly 540 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the collector electrode assembly 540 comprises the set of collector electrodes 242 and the set of driver electrodes 246 positioned adjacent to the collector electrodes 242 .
  • the collector electrodes 242 are coupled to a top mount 504 A and a bottom mount 504 B, whereby the mounts 504 A, 504 B preferably arrange the collector electrodes 242 in a fixed, parallel configuration.
  • the liftable handle 506 is coupled to the top mount 504 A.
  • the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B are designed to allow the collector electrodes 242 to be inserted and removed from the device 500 .
  • the top and/or the bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B include one or more contact terminals which electrically connect the collector electrodes 242 to the high voltage source 170 when the collector electrodes 242 are inserted in the housing 502 A. It is preferred that the contact terminals come out of contact with the corresponding terminals within the housing 502 A when the collector electrodes 242 are removed from the housing 502 A.
  • collector and driver electrodes 242 , 246 are preferably symmetrical about the vertical axis, which is designated as the axis parallel to the electrodes 242 , 246 in one embodiment.
  • the collector and driver electrodes 242 , 246 are symmetrical about the horizontal axis, which is designated as the axis perpendicular and across the electrodes 242 , 246 . It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the electrode assembly is alternatively non-symmetrical with respect to the vertical and/or the horizontal axis.
  • a set of driver electrodes 246 are positioned between a top driver mount 516 A and a bottom driver mount 516 B. Although two driver electrodes 246 are shown between the top driver mount 516 A and a bottom driver mount 516 B, any number of driver electrodes 246 , including only one driver electrode, is contemplated.
  • the top driver mount 516 A and bottom driver mount 516 B are configured to allow the driver electrodes 246 to be removable from the collector electrodes 242 , as discussed below.
  • the top and bottom driver mounts 516 A and 516 B preferably include a set of contact terminals which deliver voltage from the high voltage pulse generator 170 ( FIGS.
  • the top and/or bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B include contact terminals which come into contact with the contact terminals of the mount(s) 504 when the driver electrodes 246 are coupled to the collector electrodes 242 .
  • the collector electrode assembly 540 includes a release mechanism 518 located in the top mount 504 A in one embodiment.
  • the release mechanism 518 when depressed, releases the locking mechanism which secures the top and bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B to the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B. Any appropriate type of locking mechanism is contemplated and is well known in the art.
  • the release mechanism 518 unfastens the top driver mount 516 A from the collector electrode assembly 540 , allowing the top driver mount 516 A to pivot out and release the bottom driver mount 516 B from a protrusion that the bottom driver mount 516 B is fitted over and held in place by.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are removable as shown in FIG. 10B .
  • the bottom driver mount 516 B includes protrusions 517 that can retain the driver electrodes in the bottom mount 504 B of the collector electrode array 540 .
  • the driver electrodes 246 are removed from the collector electrode assembly 540 by being slid in a direction perpendicular to the elongated length of the collector electrode assembly 540 as shown in FIG. 10B . It is apparent that the release mechanism 518 is alternatively located elsewhere in the collector electrode assembly 540 . As shown in FIG. 10B , the driver electrodes 246 are removable by lifting or pulling the driver electrodes 246 from the collector electrodes 242 upon activating the release mechanism 518 .
  • top and/or bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B are lifted from the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B, respectively.
  • the removed driver electrodes 246 are then able to be easily cleaned.
  • the removal of the driver electrodes 246 increases the amount of space between the collector electrodes 242 , thereby allowing the user to easily clean the collector electrodes 242 .
  • the user aligns the bottom driver mount 516 B with the bottom mount 504 B. Once aligned, the user pivots the top driver mount 516 A toward the top mount 504 A until the locking mechanism engages the corresponding feature(s) in the top and/or bottom mounts.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are then secured to the rest of the collector electrode assembly 540 , whereby the electrode assembly 520 is then able to be inserted back into the housing 502 A as one piece.
  • the driver electrodes 246 are secured to the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B by aligning the top and bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B with the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B and laterally inserting the top and bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B into the receptacles of the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B until the locking mechanism engages the corresponding feature(s) in the top and/or bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B
  • the driver electrodes 246 are preferably symmetrical about the vertical and/or horizontal axis.
  • the top and bottom driver mounts 516 A, 516 B are configured such that the driver electrodes 246 are able to be reversibly coupled to the top and bottom mounts 504 A, 504 B.
  • the bottom driver mount 516 B would couple to the top mount 504 A
  • the top driver mount 516 A would couple to the bottom mount 504 B.
  • This feature allows the driver electrodes 246 to properly operate irrespective of whether the driver electrodes 246 are right-side-up or upside down.
  • less than all of the driver electrodes 246 are removable from the mounts 504 A, 504 B, whereby one or more of the driver electrodes 246 are independently removable from one another.
  • the driver electrodes 246 removable from the collector electrodes 242 without first removing the entire collector electrode assembly 540 from the housing 502 A.
  • the user can remove the exhaust grill 402 B ( FIG. 8A ) and depress the release mechanism 518 , whereby the driver electrodes 246 are pulled out through the front of the housing 502 A.
  • the user is then able to clean the collector electrodes 242 still positioned with the housing 502 A.
  • the user is also alternatively able to then lift the collector electrodes 242 out of the housing 502 A by lifting the handle 506 as discussed above.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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US11/003,894 2004-07-23 2004-12-03 Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes Abandoned US20060016333A1 (en)

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US11/003,516 Abandoned US20060018809A1 (en) 2004-07-23 2004-12-03 Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes
US11/007,395 Expired - Fee Related US7897118B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2004-12-08 Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes
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US11/007,556 Expired - Fee Related US7291207B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2004-12-08 Air treatment apparatus with attachable grill

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US7291207B2 (en) 2007-11-06
US20060018076A1 (en) 2006-01-26
US7897118B2 (en) 2011-03-01
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US20060018811A1 (en) 2006-01-26
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HK1113764A1 (en) 2008-10-17
CN100525897C (zh) 2009-08-12

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