TWI812944B - 新穎苯基衍生物 - Google Patents
新穎苯基衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI812944B TWI812944B TW110114919A TW110114919A TWI812944B TW I812944 B TWI812944 B TW I812944B TW 110114919 A TW110114919 A TW 110114919A TW 110114919 A TW110114919 A TW 110114919A TW I812944 B TWI812944 B TW I812944B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- cyclopropyl
- methyl
- mmol
- benzamide
- title compound
- Prior art date
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 231
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- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene carboxamide Natural products NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 22
- 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 206010064930 age-related macular degeneration Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000007788 Acute Liver Failure Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
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- 208000031229 Cardiomyopathies Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
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- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
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- LHKLSXDHIRNYFT-QFIPXVFZSA-N 4-cyclopropyl-N-[(2S)-1-cyclopropyl-2-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)propan-2-yl]-3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)benzamide Chemical compound CC1=NC(=NO1)[C@](C)(CC1CC1)NC(=O)C1=CC(N2CCC(F)(F)C2)=C(C=C1)C1CC1 LHKLSXDHIRNYFT-QFIPXVFZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 206010019668 Hepatic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 19
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- PGXAIQZYLAFZBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(3,3-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1(CC1)COC=1C=C(C(=O)O)C=CC=1N1CC(C1)(F)F PGXAIQZYLAFZBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種式(I)化合物
其中R1
至R3
如說明書及申請專利範圍中所定義。該式(I)化合物可用作藥劑。
Description
本發明係關於適用於哺乳動物中之治療及/或預防的有機化合物,且特定言之係關於作為類大麻酚受體2之較佳促效劑的化合物。
類大麻酚受體為屬於G蛋白偶聯受體超家族的一類細胞膜受體。目前存在兩種已知亞型,被稱為類大麻酚受體1 (CB1)及類大麻酚受體2 (CB2)。CB1受體主要表現於中樞神經(亦即小腦扁桃體、海馬體)系統中且少量表現於周邊中。由CNR2基因編碼的CB2大部分周邊地表現於免疫系統的細胞(諸如,巨噬細胞及T細胞)上(Ashton, J. C.等人,Curr Neuropharmacol 2007, 5(2), 73-80;Miller, A. M.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 299-308;Centonze, D.等人,Curr Pharm Des 2008, 14(23), 2370-42)及胃腸系統中(Wright, K. L.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 263-70)。CB2受體亦廣泛分佈於大腦中,在大腦中其主要發現於微神經膠質細胞上而非神經元上(Cabral, G. A.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2): 240-51)。
在過去十年期間,對CB2受體促效劑之關注不斷上升(目前每年30至40件專利申請案),此係因為若干早期化合物已展示在多種人類疾病的臨床前模型中具有有益效果,該等人類疾病包括:慢性疼痛(Beltramo, M. Mini Rev Med Chem 2009, 9(1), 11-25)、動脈粥樣硬化(Mach, F.等人,J Neuroendocrinol 2008, 20增刊1, 53-7)、骨質調節(Bab, I.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 182-8)、神經炎症(Cabral, G. A. 等人,J Leukoc Biol 2005, 78(6), 1192-7)、缺血性/再灌注性損傷(Pacher, P.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 252-62)、系統性纖維化(Akhmetshina, A.等人,Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60(4), 1129-36;Garcia-Gonzalez, E. 等人,Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(9), 1050-6)、肝纖維化(Julien, B.等人,Gastroenterology 2005, 128(3), 742-55;Munoz-Luque, J.等人,J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008, 324(2), 475-83)。
缺血性/再灌注性(I/R)損傷為在諸如中風、心肌梗塞、心肺繞通及其他血管手術及器官移植之情況中出現組織受損的主要原因,且為末梢器官受損併發各種病源學循環性休克過程之主要機制。所有此等病況之特徵在於正常血液供應中斷,導致組織充氧不足。再充氧(例如,再灌注)為恢復正常組織充氧之最終治療。然而,血液中氧及營養物質之缺乏產生一種病況,其中循環之恢復導致進一步組織受損。再灌注損傷之受損係部分由於受損組織之發炎反應。藉由新的回血攜載至該區域的白血球釋放大量諸如介白素之發炎因子以及回應於組織受損之自由基。經恢復血流將損害細胞蛋白質、DNA及質膜之氧再引入至細胞內。
遠端缺血性預處理(RIPC)表示利用人體之內源性保護能力對抗由缺血及再灌注引發之損傷的策略。其描述一個有趣現象,一個器官或組織之暫時非致死性缺血及再灌注賦予對遠端器官或組織中之「致死性」缺血再灌注損傷之後續發作的抗性。儘管已提出若干假設,但目前尚未知器官或組織之暫時缺血及再灌注賦予保護之有效機制。
體液假設提出,在遠端器官或組織中產生之內源性物質(諸如腺苷、緩激肽、類鴉片、CGRP、內源性類大麻酚、血管收縮素I或某一其他尚未識別之體液因子)進入血流且活化其在目標組織中之相應受體,且從而恢復缺血性預處理中所涉及之心臟保護的各種細胞內路徑。
近來的資料表明,內源性類大麻酚及其受體(特定言之CB2)可能參與預處理且藉由下調發炎反應而有助於防止再灌注損傷(Pacher, P.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 252-62)。特定言之,使用CB2工具促效劑之近期研究展現此概念對於減少心臟(Defer, N.等人,Faseb J 2009, 23(7), 2120-30)、大腦(Zhang, M.等人,J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2007, 27(7), 1387-96)、肝(Batkai, S.等人,Faseb J 2007, 21(8), 1788-800)及腎臟(Feizi, A.等人,Exp Toxicol Pathol 2008, 60(4-5), 405-10)中之I/R損傷的功效。
此外,在過去幾年內,越來越多的文獻表明CB2亦可為亞慢性及慢性情況中的關注點。在與纖維化有關之慢性疾病的動物模型中(Garcia-Gonzalez, E.等人,Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(9), 1050-6;Yang, Y. Y.等人,Liver Int 2009, 29(5), 678-85),CB1及CB2之特定上調已顯示與CB2在肌成纖維細胞(該等細胞引起纖維化進展)中之相關表現有關。
藉由選擇性CB2促效劑活化CB2受體實際上已展示在彌漫性全身性硬化症中發揮抗纖維化作用(Garcia-Gonzalez, E.等人,Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009, 48(9), 1050-6),且CB2受體在實驗性皮膚纖維化(Akhmetshina, A.等人,Arthritis Rheum 2009, 60(4), 1129-36)及包括與慢性肝病相關之纖維發生的肝病理生理學(Lotersztajn, S.等人,Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2007, 31(3), 255-8;Mallat, A.等人,Expert Opin Ther Targets 2007, 11(3), 403-9;Lotersztajn, S.等人,Br J Pharmacol 2008, 153(2), 286-9)中作為關鍵靶向物出現。
本發明尤其係關於一種式(I)化合物(I)
其中
R1
為環丙基、烷基或鹵基氮雜環丁基;
R2
為環丙基甲氧基、烷氧基、鹵基烷氧基、鹵基吡啶基、烷基吡唑基或鹵基吡咯啶基;
其限制條件為R1
及R2
中之至少一者為環丙基或環丙基甲氧基;
R3
為-C(O)-NH-C(R4
R5
)-R6
、-C(O)-R7
或R8
;
R4
及R5
獨立地選自氫、烷基、環烷基、環烷基烷基、烷基磺醯基烷基及烷基氧雜環丁烷基;
或R4
及R5
與其所連接之碳原子一起形成氧雜環丁烷基或二氧雜硫雜環丁烷基;
R6
為胺基羰基、5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基、羥烷基、噻唑基、烷氧羰基、羧基、二氟氮雜環丁基羰基、5-胺基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基、烷胺基羰基或胺基羰基烷基;
R7
為(胺基羰基)(二氟)吡咯啶基或(胺基羰基)氮雜螺[2.4]庚基;且
R8
為3-烷基-1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基或5-烷基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基;
或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或酯。
式(I)化合物特別適用於治療或預防(例如)疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、視網膜靜脈栓塞、早產兒視網膜病變、眼部缺血症候群、地圖狀萎縮、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎。
式(I)化合物尤其適用於治療或預防糖尿病性視網膜病變、視網膜靜脈栓塞或葡萄膜炎。
本發明之化合物結合且調節CB2受體且具有較低CB1受體活性。
在本說明書中,單獨或組合形式之術語「烷基」表示具有1至8個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基,特定言之表示具有1至6個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基,且更特定言之表示具有1至4個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基。直鏈及分支鏈C1
-C8
烷基之實例為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、異構戊基、異構己基、異構庚基及異構辛基,特定言之為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基及戊基,更特定言之為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、異丁基、第三丁基及異戊基。烷基之特定實例為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基及第三丁基。
單獨或組合形式之術語「環烷基」表示具有3至8個碳原子之環烷基環且特定言之表示具有3至6個碳原子之環烷基環。環烷基之實例為環丙基、環丁基、環戊基及環己基、環庚基及環辛基。「環烷基」之特定實例為環丙基。
單獨或組合形式之術語「烷氧基」表示式烷基-O-之基團(其中術語「烷基」具有先前給出之意義),諸如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、第二丁氧基及第三丁氧基。特定「烷氧基」為甲氧基、乙氧基及異丙氧基。
單獨或組合形式之術語「氧基」表示-O-基團。
單獨或組合形式之術語「鹵素」或「鹵基」表示氟、氯、溴或碘,且特定言之表示氟、氯或溴,更特定言之表示氟及氯。與另一基團組合之術語「鹵基」表示該基團經至少一個鹵素取代,特定言之經一至五個鹵素取代,特定言之經一至四個鹵素(亦即,一個、兩個、三個或四個鹵素)取代。特定「鹵素」為R1
至R3
中之氟。
單獨或組合形式之術語「鹵基烷氧基」表示經至少一個鹵素取代之烷氧基,特定言之經一至五個鹵素、特定言之一至三個鹵素、特定言之一至三個氟取代。特定「鹵基烷氧基」為
氟乙氧基、二氟乙氧基及三氟乙氧基。
單獨或組合形式之術語「羥基(hydroxyl/hydroxy)」表示-OH基團。
單獨或組合形式之術語「羰基」表示-C(O)-基團。
單獨或組合形式之術語「胺基」表示一級胺基(-NH2
)、二級胺基(-NH-)或三級胺基(-N-)。
單獨或組合形式之術語「磺醯基」表示-SO2
-基團。
術語「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」係指保留游離鹼或游離酸(其合乎生物學上或其他方面需要)之生物有效性及特性之彼等鹽。該等鹽用以下各者形成:無機酸,諸如鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸,尤其鹽酸;及有機酸,諸如乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、草酸、順丁烯二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、反丁烯二酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、杏仁酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、水楊酸、N-乙醯基半胱胺酸。另外,此等鹽可藉由將無機鹼或有機鹼添加至游離酸中而製備。衍生自無機鹼之鹽包括(但不限於)鈉鹽、鉀鹽、鋰鹽、銨鹽、鈣鹽、鎂鹽。衍生自有機鹼之鹽包括(但不限於)以下之鹽:一級胺、二級胺及三級胺;經取代之胺,包括天然存在之經取代胺;環胺及鹼性離子交換樹脂,諸如異丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、乙醇胺、離胺酸、精胺酸、N-乙基哌啶、哌啶、多元胺樹脂。式(I)化合物亦可以兩性離子形式存在。式(I)化合物之尤其較佳醫藥學上可接受之鹽為以下之鹽:鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、磷酸及甲磺酸。
「醫藥學上可接受之酯」意謂通式(I)之化合物可在官能基處進行衍生以提供能夠在活體內轉化回母體化合物之衍生物。此類化合物之實例包括生理學上可接受且代謝上不穩定之酯衍生物,諸如甲氧基甲酯、甲硫基甲酯及特戊醯氧基甲酯。另外,與能夠在活體內產生通式(I)之母體化合物之代謝上不穩定之酯類似的通式(I)化合物之任何生理學上可接受之等效物皆在本發明之範疇內。
若起始物質或式(I)化合物中之一者含有不穩定或在一或多個反應步驟之反應條件下具有反應性的一或多個官能基,則可在關鍵步驟之前應用此項技術中熟知之方法引入適當的保護基(例如,如T. W. Greene及P. G. M. Wuts之「Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry」(第3版,1999, Wiley, New York)中所描述)。可使用文獻中所述之標準方法在合成後期移除此類保護基。保護基之實例為第三丁氧羰基(Boc)、胺基甲酸9-茀基甲酯(Fmoc)、胺基甲酸2-三甲基矽烷基乙酯(Teoc)、苯甲氧羰基(Cbz)及對甲氧基苯甲氧羰基(Moz)。
式(I)化合物可含有若干不對稱中心且可以光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物(諸如外消旋體)、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物的形式存在。
術語「不對稱碳原子」意謂具有四個不同取代基之碳原子。根據Cahn-Ingold-Prelog慣例,不對稱碳原子可具有「R」或「S」組態。
因此,本發明尤其係關於:
式(I)化合物,其中R1
為環丙基;
式(I)化合物,其中R2
為環丙基甲氧基、烷氧基、鹵基烷氧基或鹵基吡咯啶基;
式(I)化合物,其中R2
為環丙基甲氧基、丙氧基、氟乙氧基、三氟乙氧基或二氟吡咯啶基;
式(I)化合物,其中R4
及R5
獨立地選自氫、烷基、環烷基及環烷基烷基;
式(I)化合物,其中R4
及R5
獨立地選自氫、甲基、丁基、環丙基及環丙基甲基;
式(I)化合物,其中R6
為胺基羰基、5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基、羥烷基或烷基胺基羰基;
式(I)化合物,其中R6
為胺基羰基、5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基、羥甲基或甲胺基羰基;
式(I)化合物,其中R7
為(胺基羰基)(二氟)吡咯啶基;及
式(I)化合物,其中R8
為3-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基、5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基或5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基。
本發明進一步係關於選自以下之式(I)化合物:
(R)-N-(1-胺基-4-甲基-1-側氧基戊-2-基)-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲醯胺;
3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基-N-[2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-[2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
N2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-L-白胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-(1-羥基-2-甲基丙-2-基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-[2-(1,3-噻唑-2-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺基]-2-乙基丁酸乙酯;
2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺基]-2-乙基丁酸;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-[3-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁烷-1-羰基)戊-3-基]苯甲醯胺;
3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)-N-[2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
N-[2-(5-胺基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲醯胺;
N2-[3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲醯基]-N-甲基-L-白胺醯胺;
3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)-N-[(2S)-1-羥基-4-甲基戊-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
3-第三丁基-5-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
N-[3-(2-胺基-2-側氧基乙基)氧雜環丁-3-基]-4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[3-(2-胺基-2-側氧基乙基)-1,1-二氧雜硫雜環丁-3-基]-4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
N-(3-胺甲醯基戊-3-基)-4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-N-甲基-L-白胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-[(2S)-1-(甲磺醯基)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-[(2R)-1-(甲磺醯基)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
5-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-5-氮雜螺[2.4]庚烷-6-甲醯胺;
5-第三丁基-3-[4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
5-第三丁基-3-[4-環丙基-3-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[3-(2-胺基-2-側氧基乙基)-1,1-二氧雜-硫雜環丁-3-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-(甲磺醯基)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-(甲磺醯基)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
5-第三丁基-3-[4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
3-第三丁基-5-{4-環丙基-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯基}-1,2,4-噁二唑;
3-第三丁基-5-[4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
1-{4-環丙基-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯基}-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
N-[3-胺基-1-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)-3-側氧基丙基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;及
4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]苯甲醯胺。
本發明亦係關於選自以下之式(I)化合物:
N2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-L-白胺醯胺;
4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-(1-羥基-2-甲基丙-2-基)苯甲醯胺;
3-第三丁基-5-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
N-[3-(2-胺基-2-側氧基乙基)氧雜環丁-3-基]-4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺;
N-[3-(2-胺基-2-側氧基乙基)-1,1-二氧雜硫雜環丁-3-基]-4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺;
1-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺;
5-第三丁基-3-[4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑;
N-[(2S)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;
4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺;及
N-[(2R)-4-胺基-2-環丙基-4-側氧基丁-2-基]-4-環丙基-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺。
本發明之式(I)化合物之製備可以依序或彙集合成途徑進行。本發明化合物之合成展示於下方流程中。進行所得產物之反應及純化所需之技能對熟習此項技術者而言為已知的。除非有相反指示,否則用於該等方法之以下描述的取代基及指數具有之前本文中所給出之意義。更詳言之,式(I)化合物可藉由下文所給出之方法、藉由實例中所給出之方法或藉由類似方法來製造。個別反應步驟之適當反應條件對熟習此項技術者而言為已知的。又,就文獻中所描述之影響所描述反應之反應條件而言,參見(例如):Comprehensive Organic Transformations: A Guide to Functional Group Preparations , 第 2 版 , Richard C. Larock. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1999
。吾等發現在存在或不存在溶劑的情況下適宜進行反應。對待使用之溶劑的性質無特定限制,只要該溶劑對所涉及之反應或試劑無不良影響且其至少可在一定程度上溶解試劑。所描述反應可在廣泛範圍之溫度內進行且精確的反應溫度對本發明不重要。適宜在-78℃至回流之間的溫度範圍內進行所描述反應。反應所需之時間亦可取決於許多因素(尤其反應溫度及試劑之性質)而廣泛變化。然而,0.5小時至若干天之時間段將通常足以得到所描述中間物及化合物。反應順序不限於流程中所呈現之順序,然而,視起始物質及其各別反應性而定,反應步驟之順序可自由變更。起始物質為市售的或可藉由與下文所給出之方法類似的方法,藉由說明書或實例中所引用之參考文獻中所描述之方法,或藉由此項技術中已知之方法來製備。
本發明之化合物可(例如)藉由下文所描述之通用合成步驟來製備。
除非另外規定,否則在以下描述及流程中,R1
至R8
具有如上文所定義之意義。
遵循根據流程1之程序,化合物AA
可用作起始物質(R = H、甲基、乙基、異丙基、第三丁基或描述於(例如) T.W. Greene 等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中之另一合適的保護基)。AA
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。流程 1
化合物AC
可由AA
藉由與經合適取代之烷氧基或鹵基烷氧基衍生物R2'
-XAB
(R2'
=環丙基甲基、烷基、鹵基烷基;X = Cl、Br或另一合適的脫離基)在鹼(例如碳酸鉀)存在下,在諸如DMF之溶劑中,在較佳地介於室溫至50℃之溫度下反應來製備(步驟a)。
藉由熟習此項技術者熟知的方法,例如在0℃與所採用溶劑之回流溫度之間的溫度下使用含LiOH、NaOH或KOH水溶液之四氫呋喃/乙醇或另一合適的溶劑皂化通式AC
(R ≠ H)之酯產生通式AD
之酸(步驟b)。
化合物I
可由酸AD
與對應的胺NH2
-R3 ' AE
(NH2
-R3 '
為NH2
-C(R4
R5
)-R6
或H-R7
)藉由合適的醯胺鍵形成反應來製備(步驟c)。此等反應在此項技術中已知。舉例而言,可使用如N,N '
-羰基-二咪唑(CDI)、N,N
'-二環己基碳化二亞胺(DCC)、1-(3-二甲胺基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亞胺鹽酸鹽(EDCI)、1-[雙(二甲胺基)-亞甲基]-1H
-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡錠-3-氧化物六氟磷酸酯(HATU)、1-羥基-1,2,3-苯并三唑(HOBT)、O-苯并三唑-1-基-N,N,N ' ,N '
-四甲四氟硼酸酯(TBTU)及O-苯并三唑-N,N,N ' ,N '
-四甲基--六氟-磷酸酯(HBTU)之偶合試劑來影響此類轉化。便利方法為例如在室溫下,在惰性溶劑(諸如二甲基甲醯胺)中使用HBTU及鹼(例如N-甲基嗎啉)。胺AE
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。
替代地,化合物AF
可用作起始物質(R = H、甲基、乙基、異丙基、第三丁基或描述於(例如) T.W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中之另一合適的保護基)。AF
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。
化合物AG
可由AF
藉由與經合適取代之烷氧基或鹵基烷氧基衍生物R2'
-XAB
(R2'
=環丙基甲基、烷基、鹵基烷基;X = Cl、Br或另一合適的脫離基)在鹼(例如碳酸鉀)存在下,在諸如DMF之溶劑中,在較佳地介於室溫至50℃之間的溫度下反應來製備(步驟a')。
化合物AG
至化合物AC
之轉化可藉由在合適的催化劑(特定言之鈀催化劑且更特定言之乙酸鈀(II)/三苯膦或丁基-1-金剛烷基膦混合物)及鹼(諸如碳酸銫)存在下,在惰性溶劑混合物(如甲苯/水)中,較佳地在溶劑混合物之回流溫度下,偶合經合適取代之環烷基金屬物質R1
-MAH
(例如,三氟硼酸酯[BF3
]-
K+
、硼酸B(OH)2
或硼酸頻哪醇酯)來製備。替代地,可藉由應用此項技術中熟知之方法用胺R1
-MAH
(M為H)進行處理來將化合物AG
轉化為胺基衍生物AC
(步驟d),例如在乙酸鈀(II)/2-(二環己基膦)二苯基作為催化劑系統的情況下,在鹼(諸如碳酸鉀)存在下,在二噁烷中在回流條件下使用鈀促進之胺化反應。
若起始物質、式AA
、AB
、AE
、AF
或AH
之化合物中之一者含有不穩定或在一或多個反應步驟之反應條件下具反應性的一或多個官能基,則可在關鍵步驟之前應用此項技術中熟知之方法引入適當的保護基(P) (如在例如T. W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中所述)。可使用此項技術中已知之標準方法在合成後期移除此等保護基。
若一或多個式AA
至AH
之化合物含有對掌性中心,則可獲得呈非對映異構體或對映異構體之混合物形式的式I
之苯基,其可藉由此項技術中熟知之方法(例如,(對掌性) HPLC或結晶)來分離。外消旋化合物可(例如)藉由結晶經由非對映異構鹽或藉由使用對掌性吸附劑或對掌性溶離劑之特定層析方法分離對映體來分離成其對映體。
遵循根據流程2之程序,化合物BA
可用作起始物質(Y = Br、I;R = H、甲基、乙基、異丙基、第三丁基或描述於例如T.W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中之另一合適的保護基)。BA
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。流程 2
化合物BA
至化合物BB
之轉化可如流程1之步驟d中所描述,藉由偶合經合適取代之環烷基金屬物質R1
-MAH
(例如,三氟硼酸酯[BF3
]-
K+
、硼酸B(OH)2
或硼酸頻哪醇酯)或胺R1
-MAH
(M = H)來製備(步驟a)。
遵循熟習此項技術者熟知之程序,例如藉由在三氟乙酸存在下在約50℃之溫度下用N-溴代丁二醯亞胺處理對苯基BB
進行溴化以得到溴BC
(步驟b)。
化合物BE
可由BC
藉由偶合式BD
之經合適取代之芳基或雜芳基金屬物質R2
-M來製備(步驟c),例如,在鈀催化劑(諸如,乙酸鈀(II)/丁基-1-金剛烷基膦)及鹼(諸如,碳酸銫)存在下,在惰性溶劑(諸如,甲苯)中在50℃與溶劑之沸騰溫度之間的溫度下偶合有機三氟硼酸酯鉀鹽,或在合適的催化劑(特定言之鈀催化劑且更特定言之乙酸鈀(II)/三苯膦混合物或氯化鈀(II)-dppf (1,1'-雙(二苯基膦基)二茂鐵)錯合物)及鹼(諸如,三乙胺、碳酸鈉或磷酸鉀)存在下,在惰性溶劑(諸如,二甲基甲醯胺、甲苯、四氫呋喃、乙腈或二甲氧基乙烷)中偶合芳基硼酸或芳基硼酸酯。視情況,化合物BD
(M = H)亦可為藉由熟習此項技術者熟知之方法,例如使用鈀催化劑(諸如,參(二苯亞甲基丙酮)二鈀/二甲基雙二苯基-膦基氧雜蒽)及鹼(諸如碳酸銫),在溶劑(諸如1,4-二噁烷)中較佳地在溶劑之沸點下偶合至BC
(步驟c)的胺。
藉由熟習此項技術者熟知方法,例如在0℃與所使用溶劑之回流溫度之間的溫度下使用含LiOH、NaOH或KOH水溶液之四氫呋喃/乙醇或另一合適的溶劑對通式BE
(R ≠ H)之酯進行皂化產生通式BF
之酸(步驟d)。
化合物I
可由酸BF
與對應的胺NH2
-R3 ' AE
(NH2
-R3 '
為NH2
-C(R4
R5
)-R6
或H-R7
)藉由合適的醯胺鍵形成反應來製備(步驟e)。此等反應在此項技術中已知。舉例而言,可使用如N,N '
-羰基-二咪唑(CDI)、N,N '
-二環己基碳化二亞胺(DCC)、1-(3-二甲胺基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亞胺鹽酸鹽(EDCI)、1-[雙(二甲胺基)-亞甲基]-1H
-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡錠-3-氧化物六氟磷酸酯(HATU)、1-羥基-1,2,3-苯并三唑(HOBT)、O-苯并三唑-1-基-N,N,N ' ,N '
-四甲四氟硼酸酯(TBTU)及O-苯并三唑-N,N,N ' ,N '
-四甲基--六氟-磷酸酯(HBTU)之偶合試劑來影響此類轉化。便利方法為例如在室溫下,在惰性溶劑(諸如二甲基甲醯胺)中使用HBTU及鹼(例如N-甲基嗎啉)。胺AE
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。
若起始物質、式BA
、AH
、BD
或AE
之化合物中之一者含有不穩定或在一或多個反應步驟之反應條件下具有反應性之一或多個官能基,則可在關鍵步驟之前應用此項技術中熟知之方法引入適當的保護基(P) (如在例如T. W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中所描述)。可使用此項技術中已知之標準方法在合成後期移除此等保護基。
若式BA
至BF
、AH
或AE
之一或多個化合物含有對掌性中心,則可獲得呈非對映異構體或對映異構體之混合物形式的式I
之苯基,其可藉由此項技術中熟知之方法(例如,(對掌性) HPLC或結晶)分離。外消旋化合物可(例如)藉由結晶經由非對映異構鹽或藉由使用對掌性吸附劑或對掌性溶離劑之特定層析方法分離對映體來分離成其對映體。
遵循根據流程3之程序,化合物CA
(R8 '
=烷基)可用作起始物質。CA
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。流程 3
化合物CB
可藉由應用熟習此項技術者熟知之方法使腈CA
與羥胺反應來獲得(步驟a),例如經由在鹼(諸如碳酸鉀)存在下在溶劑(諸如乙醇)中,在0℃與溶劑之回流溫度之間的溫度下(較佳地在環境溫度下)與羥胺鹽酸鹽反應。
酸CB
(與流程1中之化合物AD
或流程2中之化合物BF相同)與羥基醯亞胺醯胺CB
(例如)在羰基二咪唑存在下,在溶劑(諸如N,N-二甲基甲醯胺)中在約100℃之溫度下縮合以得到化合物I
(步驟b)。
若起始物質、式CC
化合物含有不穩定或在一或多個反應步驟之反應條件下具有反應性的一或多個官能基,則可在關鍵步驟之前應用此項技術中熟知之方法引入適當的保護基(P) (例如T. W. Greene等人,Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry John Wiley and Sons Inc.,New York 1999,第3版)。可使用此項技術中已知之標準方法在合成後期移除此等保護基。
若式CA
至CC
之一或多個化合物含有對掌性中心,則可獲得呈非對映異構體或對映異構體之混合物形式的式I
之苯基,其可藉由此項技術中熟知之方法(例如,(對掌性) HPLC或結晶)來分離。外消旋化合物可(例如)藉由結晶經由非對映異構鹽或藉由使用對掌性吸附劑或對掌性溶離劑之特定層析方法分離對映體來分離成其對映體。
遵循根據流程4之程序,化合物DA
可用作起始物質(R =甲基或描述於例如T.W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中之另一合適的保護基)。DA
為市售的,描述於文獻中,可由熟習此項技術者合成或如實驗部分中所描述。流程 4
類似於流程3之步驟a中所描述之程序,化合物DB
可由DA
藉由在鹼(諸如三乙胺)存在下在溶劑(諸如乙醇)中用羥胺鹽酸鹽進行處理來製備(步驟a)。
化合物DB
至化合物DD
之環化可藉由熟習此項技術者已知之醯胺偶合方法執行,使用經合適取代之市售羧酸DC
(R8 '
=烷基),接著例如以類似於流程3之步驟b中所描述之程序加熱,以在高沸點溶劑(諸如DMF)中環化形成噁二唑環(步驟b)。
化合物DD
至化合物DE
之轉化可藉由使經合適取代之環烷基金屬物質R1
-MAH
(例如,三氟硼酸酯[BF3
]-
K+
、硼酸B(OH)2
或硼酸頻哪醇酯)在合適的催化劑(特定言之鈀催化劑且更特定言之乙酸鈀(II)/三苯膦或丁基-1-金剛烷基膦混合物)及鹼(諸如碳酸銫)存在下,在惰性溶劑混合物(如甲苯/水)中,在溶劑混合物之回流溫度下偶合來製備(步驟c)。替代地,可藉由應用此項技術中熟知之方法用胺R1
-MAH
(M為H)進行處理來將化合物DD
轉化為胺基衍生物DE
(步驟c),例如在乙酸鈀(II)/2-(二環己基膦基)二苯基作為催化劑系統的情況下,在鹼(諸如碳酸鉀)存在下在二噁烷中在回流條件下使用鈀促進之胺化反應。
當R等於甲基時,可應用熟習此項技術者已知之去保護方法,諸如在合適的溶劑(如二氯甲烷)中在室溫下使用強路易斯酸(Lewis acid) (例如BBr3
),將化合物DE
轉化為對應的酚化合物DF
(步驟d)。
化合物I
可由DF
藉由與經合適取代之烷氧基或鹵基烷氧基衍生物R2'
-XAB
(R2'
=環丙基甲基、烷基、鹵基烷基;X = Cl、Br或另一合適的脫離基)在鹼(例如碳酸鉀)存在下,在諸如DMF之溶劑中,在較佳地介於室溫至50℃之溫度下反應來製備(步驟a)。
若起始物質、式DC
、AH
或AB
之化合物中之一者含有不穩定或在一或多個反應步驟之反應條件下具有反應性的一或多個官能基,則可在關鍵步驟之前應用此項技術中熟知之方法引入適當的保護基(P) (如在例如T.W. Greene等人之Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York1999
,第3版)中所描述)。可使用此項技術中已知之標準方法在合成後期移除此等保護基。
若式DC
至DF
、AH
或AB
之一或多個化合物含有對掌性中心,則可獲得呈非對映異構體或對映異構體之混合物形式的式I
之苯基,其可藉由此項技術中熟知之方法(例如,(對掌性) HPLC或結晶)分離。外消旋化合物可(例如)藉由結晶經由非對映異構鹽或藉由使用對掌性吸附劑或對掌性溶離劑之特定層析方法分離對映體來分離成其對映體。
因此,本發明亦係關於一種製備式(I)化合物之方法,其包含以下步驟中之一者:
(a)使式(A)化合物(A)
在H2
N-C(R4
R5
)-R6
、偶合劑及鹼存在下反應,其中R2
為環丙基甲氧基、烷氧基或鹵基烷氧基;
(b)使如上文所定義之式(A)化合物在H-R7
、偶合劑及鹼存在下反應,其中R2
為環丙基甲氧基、烷氧基或鹵基烷氧基;
(c)使如上文所定義之式(A)化合物在式(B)化合物(B)
及羰基二咪唑存在下反應,其中R8 '
為甲基或第三丁基;或
(d)使式(C)化合物(C)
在R2'
-X存在下反應,其中R2'
為環丙基甲基、烷基或鹵基烷基,R8 '
為甲基或第三丁基且X為脫離基。
在步驟(a)及(b)中,偶合劑例如為N,N ' -
羰基-二咪唑(CDI)、N,N ' -
二環己基碳化二亞胺(DCC)、1-(3-二甲胺基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亞胺鹽酸鹽(EDCI)、1-[雙(二甲胺基)-亞甲基]-1H
-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡錠-3-氧化物六氟磷酸酯(HATU)、1-羥基-1,2,3-苯并三唑(HOBT)、O-苯并三唑-1-基-N,N,N ' ,N
'-四甲四氟硼酸酯(TBTU)或O-苯并三唑-N,N,N ' ,N '
-四甲基--六氟-磷酸酯(HBTU)。鹼例如為N-
甲基嗎啉。便利方法為例如在室溫下,在惰性溶劑(諸如二甲基甲醯胺)中使用HBTU及鹼(例如N
-甲基嗎啉)。
在步驟(d)中,脫離基例如為氯或溴。
本發明亦係關於根據本發明之方法製造之式(I)化合物。
本發明亦尤其係關於:
一種式(I)化合物,其係用作治療學上活性物質;
一種醫藥組合物,其包含式(I)化合物及治療學上惰性載劑;
式(I)化合物之用途,其係用於治療或預防疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、視網膜靜脈栓塞、早產兒視網膜病變、眼部缺血症候群、地圖狀萎縮、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎;
式(I)化合物之用途,其係用於製備治療或預防以下各者之藥劑:疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、視網膜靜脈栓塞、早產兒視網膜病變、眼部局部缺血症候群、地圖狀萎縮、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、局部缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎;
一種用於治療或預防以下各者之式(I)化合物:疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、視網膜靜脈栓塞、早產兒視網膜病變、眼部缺血症候群、地圖狀萎縮、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎;以及
一種用於治療或預防以下各者之方法:疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、視網膜靜脈栓塞、早產兒視網膜病變、眼部缺血症候群、地圖狀萎縮、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎,該方法包含向有需要之患者投與有效量之式(I)化合物。
本發明尤其係關於用於治療或預防缺血、再灌注損傷、肝纖維化或腎臟纖維化(尤其缺血或再灌注損傷)之式(I)化合物。
本發明進一步尤其係關於用於治療或預防糖尿病性視網膜病變、視網膜靜脈栓塞或葡萄膜炎之式(I)化合物。
本發明進一步係針對根據本發明之方法製造的式(I)化合物。
本發明之另一實施例提供一種含有本發明化合物及治療學上惰性載劑、稀釋劑或賦形劑之醫藥組合物或藥劑,以及一種使用本發明化合物來製備此類組合物及藥劑之方法。在一個實例中,可藉由在環境溫度下、在適當的pH下且在所需純度下與生理學上可接受之載劑(亦即,在用於蓋倫(galenical)投藥劑型中之劑量及濃度下對接受者無毒性之載劑)混合來調配式(I)化合物。調配物之pH主要取決於特定用途及化合物之濃度,但較佳地介於約3至約8之間。在一個實例中,在pH 5之乙酸鹽緩衝液中調配式(I)化合物。在另一實施例中,式(I)化合物為無菌的。化合物可例如以固體或非晶形組合物形式、以凍乾調配物或水溶液形式儲存。
組合物以與良好醫學實踐一致之方式調配、給予及投與。在此情形中考慮之因素包括所治療之特定病症、所治療之特定哺乳動物、個別患者之臨床病況、病症起因、藥劑遞送部位、投藥方法、投藥時程及醫學從業者已知的其他因素。
本發明之化合物可藉由任何適合的手段投與,包括經口、表面(包括經頰及舌下)、經直腸、經陰道、經皮、非經腸、皮下、腹膜內、肺內、皮內、鞘內及硬膜外及鼻內,且若局部治療需要,則病灶內投與。非經腸輸注包括肌肉內、靜脈內、動脈內、腹膜內或皮下投與。本發明之化合物可尤其藉由玻璃體內投藥進行投與。
本發明之化合物可以任何方便的投藥形式投與,例如錠劑、散劑、膠囊、溶液、分散液、懸浮液、糖漿、噴霧、栓劑、凝膠、乳液、貼劑等。此類組合物可含有醫藥製劑中習知之組分,例如稀釋劑、載劑、pH調節劑、甜味劑、膨化劑及其他活性劑。
藉由混合本發明化合物與載劑或賦形劑來製備典型調配物。適合的載劑及賦形劑為熟習此項技術者所熟知的且詳細描述於例如以下各者中:Ansel, Howard C.等人,Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2004;Gennaro, Alfonso R.等人,Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2000;及Rowe, Raymond C. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Chicago, Pharmaceutical Press, 2005。調配物亦可包括一或多種緩衝劑、穩定劑、界面活性劑、濕潤劑、潤滑劑、乳化劑、懸浮劑、防腐劑、抗氧化劑、避光劑、滑動劑、加工助劑、著色劑、甜味劑、芳香劑、調味劑、稀釋劑及其他使得藥物(亦即,本發明化合物或其醫藥組合物)精緻呈現或幫助製造醫藥產品(亦即,藥劑)之已知的添加劑。
現將藉由以下不具有限制性質之實例來說明本發明。實例
縮寫
MS =質譜分析;EI =電子電離;ESI =電噴霧;CAN = CAS註冊號;CDI = 1,1'-羰基二咪唑;DCM =二氯甲烷;DIEA =N-
乙基-N
-異丙基丙-2-胺;DBU = 1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一烷-7-烯;DMF =二甲基甲醯胺;DMSO =二甲基-亞碸;EtOAc =乙酸乙酯;HPLC = LC =高效液相層析法;iPrOAc =乙酸異丙酯;TBME =甲基第三丁基醚;TBTU = O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N ' ,N ' -
四甲基--四氟硼酸酯;THF =四氫呋喃;tlc =薄層層析法。實例 1 N-[(2S)-1- 胺基 -4- 甲基 -1- 側氧基戊 -2- 基 ]-3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4- 甲基苯甲醯胺
a) 3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯
將3-羥基-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(CAN 3556-86-3;1 g,6.02 mmol)溶解於DMF (10 mL)中。添加(溴甲基)環丙烷(CAN 7051-34-5,894 mg,579 µL,6.62 mmol)及碳酸鉀(1.66 g,12.0 mmol)。攪拌反應混合物20小時,倒入至25 mL之1 M HCl中且用iPrOAc (2 × 25 mL)萃取。有機層用冰/鹽水(2 × 20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到1.1 g淡黃色油狀物。藉由急驟層析(20 g矽膠,0至10%庚烷/iPrOAc)純化粗物質,得到880 mg (3.99 mmol,66%)呈無色油狀之標題化合物。MS:m/e = 221.3 [M+H]+
。
b) 3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲酸
將3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(880 mg,4 mmol)溶解於THF (8.8 mL)及水(4.4 mL)中。添加氫氧化鋰單水合物(201 mg,4.79 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物60小時,倒入至1 M HCl (100 mL)中且用i/ProAc (200 mL)萃取。有機層用冰/水/飽和NaCl (3 × 100 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到830 mg (4 mmol,定量的)呈無色固體狀之標題化合物。MS = 204.9 [M-H]-
。
c)N
-[(2S
)-1-胺基-4-甲基-1-側氧基戊-2-基]-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲醯胺
在環境溫度下,攪拌3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲酸(20 mg,97.0 µmol)、(R)-2-胺基-4-甲基戊醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 80970-09-8;17.8 mg,107 µmol)、2-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基異六氟磷酸酯(V) (73.7 mg,194 µmol)及N-乙基-N-異丙基丙-2-胺(37.6 mg,50.8 µL,291 µmol)於DMF (235 µL)中之混合物18小時。將反應混合物倒入至1 M HCl/冰/水(1 × 20 mL)上,用iPrOAc (2 × 25 mL)萃取且用冰/水(2 × 25 mL)洗滌至pH 6。有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下蒸發。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2.0 mm,庚烷/iPrOAc 1:2)純化粗物質,用iPrOAc溶離,濾出且蒸發,得到21 mg標題化合物。MS:319.1 [M+H]+
。實例 2 3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4- 甲基 -N-
[2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
在環境溫度下,在氬氣下攪拌3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-甲基苯甲酸(實例1b;20 mg,97.0 µmol)、2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 1240526-27-5;17.2 mg,97.0 µmol)、TBTU (46.7 mg,145 µmol)及N,N-二異丙基乙胺(62.7 mg,83.0 µL,485 µmol)於DMF (647 µL)中之混合物18小時。將反應混合物倒入30 mL冰/水中,用iPrOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取且用30 mL冰水/鹽水洗滌。合併有機層,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到45 mg淡棕色油狀物。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2.0 mm,iPrOAc)純化粗物質且用iPrOAc/DCM 1:1溶離,得到28 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:330.1 [M+H]+
。實例 3 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-[2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) 4-溴-3-環丙基甲氧基-苯甲酸乙酯
將4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸乙酯(CAN 33141-66-1;4.85 g,19.8 mmol)、(溴甲基)環丙烷(CAN 7051-34-5,3.21 g,2.27 mL,23.7 mmol)及碳酸鉀(6.56 g,47.5 mmol)於N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(50 mL)中之混合物加熱至50℃,持續19小時。將反應混合物倒入H2
O (200 mL)中且用iPrOAc (2 × 200 mL)萃取。有機層用冰/飽和NaCl (2 × 150 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到6.35 g淡黃色液體。藉由急驟層析純化500 mg,得到293 mg呈無色液體狀之標題化合物。MS:301.0 [M+H]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸乙酯
合併乙酸鈀(II) (7.5 mg,33.4 µmol)、丁基-1-金剛烷基膦(18.0 mg,50.1 µmol)、環丙基三氟硼酸鉀(CAN 1065010-87-8;250 mg,1.69 mmol)及碳酸銫(1.63 g,5.01 mmol),得到白色固體。經由隔帽向此固體中添加4-溴-3-環丙基甲氧基-苯甲酸乙酯(500 mg,1.67 mmol)於甲苯(12.6 mL)及水(1.4 mL)中之溶液(抽空且用氬氣沖洗)。將反應混合物加熱至120℃持續20小時。冷卻至環境溫度後用H2
O (10 mL)稀釋粗物質。將反應混合物倒入至100 mL冰/鹽水上且用iPrOAc (2 × 200 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用冰/鹽水(100 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由急驟層析法用庚烷/iPrOAc梯度純化粗產物,得到283 mg標題化合物。MS:m/e = 261.3 [M+H]+
。
c) 4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸
將4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸乙酯(311 mg,1.19 mmol)及氫氧化鋰水合物(60.2 mg,1.43 mmol)與THF (2.5 mL)及水(625 µL)合併,得到黃色溶液,在環境溫度下攪拌該溶液24小時。添加氫氧化鋰水合物(60.2 mg,1.43 mmol)且繼續攪拌24小時。將反應混合物倒入至冰/水/1N NaOH (20 mL)上且用TBME (2 × 30 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到49 mg黃色油狀物。用1N HCl (3 mL)酸化水層。濾出形成之沈澱,得到166 mg淡棕色固體。用EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)反萃取水層。有機層用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,合併,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到20 mg呈黃色固體狀之標題化合物。MS(ESI):m/e = 231.3 [M-H]-
。
d) 4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)-N-
[2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺
在環境溫度下,在氬氣下攪拌4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(10 mg,43.1 µmol)、2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 1240526-27-5;8.41 mg,47.4 µmol)、TBTU (20.7 mg,64.6 µmol)及N,N-二異丙基乙胺(27.8 mg,36.8 µL,215 µmol)於DMF (287 µL)中之混合物18小時。將反應混合物倒入30 mL冰/水中且用iPrOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用30 mL冰/水/鹽水洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到45 mg棕色油狀物。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2 mm,iPrOAc)純化粗物質且在DCM/iPrOAc 1:1中溶離,得到6 mg呈淡黃色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:356.1 [M+H]+
。實例 4 N2
-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-L- 白胺醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸及(S)-2-胺基-4-甲基戊醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 10466-61-2)作為起始物質,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物,且在無任何處理的情況下直接藉由製備型HPLC純化。MS (ESI,m/z
):345.1 [M+H]+
。實例 5 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-(1- 羥基 -2- 甲基丙 -2- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸及2-胺基-2-甲基丙-1-醇(CAN 124-68-5)作為起始物質,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物,且在無任何處理的情況下直接藉由製備型HPLC純化。MS (ESI,m/z
):304.1 [M+H]+
。實例 6 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-[2-(1,3- 噻唑 -2- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸及2-(噻唑-2-基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1082393-38-1)作為起始物質,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。將反應混合物倒入20 mL冰/水中,用iPrOAc (2 × 30 ml)萃取且用20 mL冰/水/鹽水洗滌。合併有機層,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到29 mg淡黃色固體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2 mm,庚烷/iPrOAc,1:1)純化粗物質且在DCM/iPrOAc 1:1中溶離,得到15 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS (ESI,m/z
):357.1 [M+H]+
。實例 7 2-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺基 ]-2- 乙基丁酸乙酯
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸及2-胺基-2-乙基丁酸乙酯鹽酸鹽(CAN 1135219-29-2)作為起始物質,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物4天,倒入至1 M HCl/冰/水/鹽水(25 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)萃取。有機層經合併且用冰/水/鹽水(25 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到122 mg黃色固體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2 × 2.0 mm,庚烷/EtOAc 4:1)純化粗物質且在DCM/EtOAc 1:1中溶離,得到30 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:374.3 [M+H]+
。實例 8 2-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺基 ]-2- 乙基丁酸
在100℃下攪拌2-[4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺基]-2-乙基丁酸乙酯(實例7;25 mg,66.9 µmol)及氫氧化鈉(268 µL,268 µmol)於THF (266 µL)及MeOH (266 µL)中之混合物40小時。將反應混合物倒入至冰/水/鹽水/1N HCl (25 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水/鹽水(25 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到22 mg呈淡黃色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:344.3 [M-H]-
。實例 9 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-[3-(3,3- 二氟氮雜環丁烷 -1- 羰基 ) 戊 -3- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
在環境溫度下攪拌2-(4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲醯胺基)-2-乙基丁酸(實例8;12 mg,34.7 µmol)、3,3-二氟氮雜環丁烷鹽酸鹽(CAN 288315-03-7;5.4 mg,41.7 µmol)、1-羥基苯并三唑水合物(10.6 mg,69.5 µmol)及DIEA (18 mg,23.8 µL,139 µmol)於DMF (120 µL)中之混合物20小時。將反應混合物倒入至冰水/鹽水/1 mL 1 N HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水/鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到22 mg淡黃色固體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,1 mm,庚烷/EtOAc 1:1)純化粗物質且在DCM/EtOAc 1:1中溶離,得到7 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。421.2 [M+H]+
。實例 10 3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4-(3,3- 二氟氮雜環丁 -1- 基 )-N-[2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) 4-溴-3-環丙基甲氧基-苯甲酸甲酯
使用4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸甲酯(CAN 106291-80-9)及(溴甲基)環丙烷(CAN 7051-34-5),以類似於實例3a之方式合成標題化合物。MS:285.0 [M+H]+
。
b) 3-環丙基甲氧基-4-(3,3-二氟-氮雜環丁-1-基)-苯甲酸甲酯
將4-溴-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸甲酯(500 mg,1.75 mmol)溶解於甲苯(28 mL)中。在氬氣下添加3,3-二氟氮雜環丁烷鹽酸鹽(CAN 288315-03-7;250 mg,1.93 mmol)、碳酸銫(1.43 g,4.38 mmol)、外消旋-2,2'-雙(二苯膦基)-1,1'-聯萘(76.4 mg,123 µmol)及乙酸鈀(II) (19.7 mg,87.7 µmol)。將所得反應混合物加熱至110℃持續16小時。冷卻至室溫後添加EtOAc (40 mL)。將混合物倒入至冰水/1N HCl/鹽水(80 mL)上且用EtOAc萃取。有機層用鹽水反洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾且在真空中濃縮。藉由急驟主要層析(矽膠,50 g,EtOAc於庚烷中之梯度)純化粗物質。
c) 3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸
將3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸甲酯(356 mg,1.2 mmol)與四氫呋喃(21 mL)及水(7 mL)合併,得到無色溶液。添加氫氧化鋰單水合物(151 mg,3.59 mmol)且在回流條件下攪拌所得反應混合物24小時。冷卻至室溫後添加水(10 mL)。用1N HCl (pH=2)酸化反應混合物且用TBME (100 mL)萃取。用TBME反萃取水層。合併之有機相經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到320 mg呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:284.3 [M+H]+
。
d) 3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)-N-[2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]苯甲醯胺
在環境溫度下攪拌3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸(50 mg,177 µmol)、DIEA (114 mg,154 µL,883 µmol)、TBTU (62.3 mg,194 µmol)及2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1153831-97-0;27.4 mg,194 µmol)於DMF (2 mL)中之混合物隔夜。在真空中濃縮(高真空,40℃,30 min)之後,將殘餘物溶解於EtOAc (3 mL)中。添加2N NaOH。攪拌混合物1分鐘且倒入至10 g Varian chemElut管柱中。在10分鐘之後,用EtOAc (40 mL)洗滌管柱且在真空中濃縮溶液。藉由急驟層析(矽膠,10 g,EtOAc於庚烷中之梯度)純化粗物質,得到標題化合物。MS:407.18 [M+H]+
。實例 11 N-[2-(5- 胺基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4-(3,3- 二氟氮雜環丁 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸(實例10c)及氯化1-(5-胺基-[1,2,4]噁二唑-3-基)-1-甲基-乙基-銨(CAN 1415899-80-7)作為起始物質,以類似於實例10d之方式合成標題化合物。在真空中濃縮粗反應混合物。將殘餘物與EtOAc (3 mL)一起攪拌。添加2N NaOH。在分離之後向EtOAc層中添加甲醇(1 mL)以溶解固體。有機相經Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾且在真空中濃縮。在回流下將粗產物與EtOAc一起攪拌且緩慢冷卻至室溫。藉由過濾收集沈澱標題化合物。MS:408.18 [M+H]+
。實例 12 N2
-[3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4-(3,3- 二氟氮雜環丁 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-N- 甲基 -L- 白胺醯胺
使用3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸(實例10c)及(S)-2-胺基-N,4-二甲基戊醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 99145-71-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例10d之方式合成標題化合物。在真空中濃縮(高真空,40℃)粗產物。將殘餘物溶解於EtOAc (3 mL)中。添加2N NaOH。攪拌混合物1分鐘且倒入至10 g Varian chemElut管柱中。10分鐘之後,用EtOAc (40 mL)洗滌管柱。在真空中濃縮粗混合物且藉由急驟層析(矽膠,10 g,EtOAc於庚烷中之梯度)純化,得到35 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:410.22 [M+H]+
。實例 13 3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-4-(3,3- 二氟氮雜環丁 -1- 基 )-N-[(2S)-1- 羥基 -4- 甲基戊 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
使用3-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(3,3-二氟氮雜環丁-1-基)苯甲酸(實例10c)及(S)-2-胺基-4-甲基戊-1-醇(CAN 7533-40-6)作為起始物質,以類似於實例10d之方式合成標題化合物。在真空中濃縮(高真空,40℃)粗混合物。將殘餘物溶解於EtOAc (3 mL)中。添加2N NaOH。攪拌溶液1分鐘且倒入至10 g Varian chemElut管柱中。10分鐘之後,用EtOAc (40 mL)洗滌管柱。在真空中蒸發溶劑且藉由急驟層析(矽膠,10 g,EtOAc於庚烷中之梯度)純化粗物質,得到37 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS:383.21 [M+H]+
。實例 14 3- 第三丁基 -5-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯基 ]-1,2,4- 噁二唑
向4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c;15 mg,64.6 µmol)於無水DMF (0.643 mL)中之溶液中添加CDI (15.7 mg,96.9 µmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌混合物30分鐘。添加(E)-N'-羥基特戊醯亞胺醯胺(CAN 1240301-71-6;11.3 mg,96.9 µmol)且在環境溫度下持續攪拌1小時。將溫度升高至100℃。72小時之後,將混合物冷卻至室溫且在無任何處理的情況下直接藉由製備型HPLC純化,得到13 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 313.5 [M+H]+
。實例 15 N-[3-(2- 胺基 -2- 側氧基乙基 ) 氧雜環丁 -3- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及2-(3-胺基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-乙醯胺(CAN 1417638-25-5)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之THF存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。將反應混合物倒入至冰/水/1N HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到22 mg白色固體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,1.0 mm,庚烷/EtOAc 1:1)純化粗物質且在CH2
Cl2
/EtOAc 1:1中溶離,得到10 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS(ESI): m/e = 345.2 [M+H]+
。實例 16 N -[3-(2- 胺基 -2- 側氧基乙基 ) -1,1- 二氧雜硫雜環丁 -3- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及2-(3-胺基-1,1-二氧雜-硫雜環丁-3-基)乙醯胺(CAN 1613239-56-7)作為起始物質,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物1天。將反應混合物倒入至冰/水/1M HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 30 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水/鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到39 mg灰白色固體。藉由製備型HPLC純化粗物質,得到18 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 393.7 [M+H]+
。實例 17 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及(2S)-4,4-二氟脯胺醯胺(CAN 719267-96-6)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之THF存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物1天。將反應混合物倒入至冰/水/1N HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到11 mg無色油狀物。藉由TLC (矽膠,庚烷/EtOAc 1:1)純化粗物質且在CH2
Cl2
/EtOAc 1:1中溶離,得到4 mg呈無色油狀之標題化合物。MS(ESI):m/e = 365.3 [M+H]+
。實例 18 N-(3- 胺甲醯基戊 -3- 基 )-4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及2-胺基-2-乙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 17704-75-5)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之THF存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物2天,倒入至冰/水/1N HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到24 mg白色固體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,1.0 mm,庚烷/EtOAc 1:1)純化粗物質且在CH2
Cl2
/EtOAc 1:1中溶離,得到11 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS(ESI):m/e = 345.7 [M+H]+
。實例 19 N2
-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-N- 甲基 - L- 白胺醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及(S)-2-胺基-N,4-二甲基戊醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 99145-71-8)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之THF存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物1天,倒入至冰/水/1N HCl (20 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 40 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由HPLC純化粗物質,得到11 mg呈白色固體狀之標題化合物。MS(ESI):m/e = 359.2 [M+H]+
。實例 20 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-[(2S)-1-( 甲磺醯基 )-2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及(S)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-1-(甲磺醯基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1613239-21-6)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之二噁烷存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物1天,倒入至冰/0.1N HCl (25 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 25 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰水/鹽水(25 mL)洗滌至pH 6,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮,得到34 mg橙色液體。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2.0 mm,庚烷/AcOEt 1:2)純化粗物質且用EtOAc溶離,得到6 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 434.3 [M+H]+
。實例 21 4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 )-N-[(2R)-1-( 甲磺醯基 )-2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及(R)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-1-(甲磺醯基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1613239-20-5)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之二噁烷存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物1天,倒入至冰/0.1N HCl (25 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 × 25 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水/鹽水(25 mL)洗滌至pH 6,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮。藉由製備型TLC (矽膠,2.0 mm,庚烷/AcOEt 1:2)純化粗物質且用EtOAc溶離,得到10 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 434.3 [M+H]+
。實例 22 5-[4- 環丙基 -3-( 環丙基甲氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-5- 氮雜螺 [2.4] 庚烷 -6- 甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(環丙基甲氧基)苯甲酸(實例3c)及5-氮雜螺[2.4]庚烷-6-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 1613115-26-6)作為起始物質,在含DIEA之二噁烷存在下,以類似於實例3d之方式合成標題化合物。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物4天,倒入至冰/0.1N HCl (25 mL)上且用EtOAc (2 ×25 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用冰/水/鹽水(25 mL)洗滌至pH 6,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮。藉由製備型HPLC純化粗產物,得到5 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 355.3 [M+H]+
。實例 23 5- 第三丁基 -3-[4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯基 ]-1,2,4- 噁二唑
a) (Z)-4-溴基-N'-羥基-3-甲氧基苯甲脒
向4-溴-3-甲氧基苯甲腈(CAN 120315-65-3;700 mg,3.3 mmol)於EtOH (16.5 mL)中之溶液中添加羥胺鹽酸鹽(344 mg,4.95 mmol)及三乙胺(920 μL,6.6 mmol)。在60℃下攪拌反應混合物隔夜。添加DCM (60 mL)且用飽和NaHCO3
水溶液洗滌混合物。用乙酸乙酯反萃取水相。經合併之有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。粗產物未經進一步純化即直接用於下一反應步驟中。MS (ESI) m/e = 247.1 [M+H]+
。
b) 3-(4-溴-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑
向(Z)-4-溴-N'-羥基-3-甲氧基苯甲脒(875 mg,3.39 mmol)於無水DMF (22.6 mL)中之溶液中添加特戊醯氯(543 μL,4.41 mmol)及三乙胺(946 μL,6.78 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物30分鐘。將溫度提高至110℃且持續攪拌隔夜。在減壓下濃縮混合物。添加乙酸乙酯及飽和NaHCO3
水溶液且分離各層。有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。矽膠管柱層析法使用具有庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度的MPLC ISCO,獲得標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 311.1 [M+H]+
。
c) 5-第三丁基-3-(4-環丙基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑
在氬氣氛圍下,向3-(4-溴-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑(380 mg,1.22 mmol)於甲苯/水(5.4 mL/0.7 mL)中之溶液中添加環丙基三氟硼酸鉀(217 mg,1.47 mmol)、乙酸鈀(II) (11 mg,0.048 mmol)、碳酸銫(995 mg,3.05 mmol)及丁基二-1-金剛烷基膦(26 mg,0.073 mmol)。在120℃下攪拌反應混合物隔夜。添加乙酸乙酯及/飽和NaHCO3
水溶液。分離各層。有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由矽膠管柱層析使用具有庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度的MPLC ISCO純化粗產物,獲得標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 273.2 [M+H]+
。
d) 5-(5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2-環丙基苯酚
在氬氣氛圍下向5-第三丁基-3-(4-環丙基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑(300 mg,1.1 mmol)於無水CH2
Cl2
(4.5 mL)中之溶液中添加BBr3
於CH2
Cl2
(1.65 mL,1.65 mmol)中之1.0 M溶液。在環境溫度下攪拌反應混合物12小時,藉由添加水淬滅且攪拌10分鐘。添加飽和NH4
Cl水溶液且分離各層。用CH2
Cl2
反萃取水相。合併有機相,經MgSO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾,得到255 mg標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 259.2 [M+H]+
。
e) 5-第三丁基-3-[4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑
向5-(5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2-環丙基苯酚(44 mg,0.17 mmol)於無水DMF (1.1 mL)中之溶液中添加碳酸銫(166 mg,0.511 mmol)及三氟甲烷磺酸2,2,2-三氟乙酯(CAN 6226-25-1;35 µL,0.256 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌混合物4小時。在減壓下部分移除溶劑。添加水及乙酸乙酯,分離各層且經由MgSO4
乾燥有機層。蒸發溶劑,之後用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度進行矽膠管柱層析,得到呈無色黏稠油狀之標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 341.2 [M+H]+
。實例 24 5- 第三丁基 -3-[4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2- 二氟乙氧基 ) 苯基 ]-1,2,4- 噁二唑
使用5-(5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2-環丙基苯酚(實例23d)及三氟甲烷磺酸2,2-二氟乙酯(CAN 74427-22-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例23e之方式合成標題化合物,得到無色黏稠油狀物。MS (ESI) m/e = 323.3 [M+H]+
。實例 25 (-)-4- 環丙基 -N-[1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
a) 4-溴-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸乙酯
向4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸乙酯(CAN 33141-66-1;2.09 g,8.53 mmol)於DMF (57 mL)中之溶液中添加碳酸銫(8.34 g,25.6 mmol)及三氟甲烷磺酸2,2,2-三氟乙酯(CAN 6226-25-1;1.28 mL,9.38 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌反應物8小時。在減壓下移除溶劑。將殘餘物溶解於DCM中且用飽和NaHCO3
水溶液洗滌。分離各層,經由MgSO4
乾燥有機層且達至乾燥。藉由矽膠管柱層析使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到2.7 g標題化合物。MS m/e = 326 [M]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸乙酯
在氬氣氛圍下向4-溴-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸乙酯(2.46 g,7.52 mmol)於甲苯/水(33 mL / 4.4 mL)中之溶液中添加環丙基三氟硼酸鉀(1.34 g,9.02 mmol)、乙酸鈀(II) (67.5 mg,0.301 mmol)、碳酸銫(6.13 g,18.8 mmol)及丁基二-1-金剛烷基膦(162 mg,0.451 mmol)。在120℃攪拌混合物12小時。添加乙酸乙酯及飽和NaHCO3
水溶液。分離各層。有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發。藉由矽膠管柱層析使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯純化殘餘物,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 289.2 [M+H]+
。
c) 4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸
向4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸乙酯(1.635 g,5.67 mmol)於二噁烷/水1/1 (38 mL)中之溶液中添加LiOH × H2
O (476mg,11.3 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌混合物12小時。添加1M HCl水溶液及乙酸乙酯/乙醇(3/1)。分離各層。有機層經MgSO4
乾燥且蒸發。藉由矽膠管柱層析使用具有庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度的MPLC ISCO純化殘餘物,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 259.1 [M-H]-
。
d) (-)-4-環丙基-N-[1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺
向4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(100 mg,0.384 mmol)於DMF (2.5 mL)中之溶液中添加DIEA (134 µL,0.769 mmol)及TBTU (148 mg,0.461 mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌混合物5分鐘。添加1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8;92 mg,0.423 mmol)且持續攪拌3小時。在減壓下移除溶劑。將殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯中且用飽和NaHCO3
水溶液洗滌。分離各層。有機層經Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由矽膠管柱層析使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化殘餘物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 424.3 [M+H]+
。實例 26 (+)-4- 環丙基 -N-[1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 424.3 [M+H]+
。實例 27 N-[3-(2- 胺基 -2- 側氧基乙基 ) -1,1- 二氧雜硫雜環丁 -3- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及2-(3-胺基-1,1-二氧雜-硫雜環丁-3-基)乙醯胺(CAN 1613239-56-7)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 421.2 [M+H]+
。實例 28 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2R)-1-( 甲磺醯基 )-2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及(R)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-1-(甲磺醯基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1613239-20-5)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 462.2 [M+H]+
。實例 29 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-1-( 甲磺醯基 )-2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及(S)-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-1-(甲磺醯基)丙-2-胺(CAN 1613239-21-6)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 462.2 [M+H]+
。實例 30 5- 第三丁基 -3-[4- 環丙基 -3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯基 ]-1,2,4- 噁二唑
使用5-(5-第三丁基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2-環丙基苯酚(實例23d)及1-氟-2-碘乙烷(CAN 762-51-6)作為起始物質,以類似於實例23e之方式合成標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 305.2 [M+H]+
。實例 31 (-)-4- 環丙基 -N-[1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2- 二氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(先前在步驟a中使用4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸乙酯(CAN 33141-66-1)及三氟甲烷磺酸2,2-二氟乙酯(CAN 74427-22-8)以類似於實例25之方式製備)及1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 406.2 [M+H]+
。實例 32 (+)-4- 環丙基 -N-[1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2- 二氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸及1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例31之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 406.2 [M+H]+
。實例 33 (-)-4- 環丙基 -N-[(1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(先前在步驟a中使用4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸乙酯(CAN 33141-66-1)及1-氟-2-碘乙烷(CAN 762-51-6)以類似於實例25之方式製備)及1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 388.2 [M+H]+
。實例 34 (+)-4- 環丙基 -N-[1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸及1,2,4-噁二唑-3-甲胺、α-(環丙基甲基)-α,5-二甲基-鹽酸鹽(CAN 1415900-39-8)作為起始物質,以類似於實例33之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 388.2 [M+H]+
。實例 35 (-)-N-[4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及3-胺基-3-環丙基-丁醯胺(CAN 1534510-01-4)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 385.2 [M+H]+
。實例 36 (+)-N-[4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
使用4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c)及3-胺基-3-環丙基-丁醯胺(CAN 1534510-01-4)作為起始物質,以類似於實例25d之方式合成標題化合物。藉由矽膠急驟層析法使用庚烷/乙酸乙酯之梯度純化粗產物,得到對映異構體之混合物。藉由對掌性製備型HPLC分離對映異構體,得到標題化合物。MS (ESI) m/e = 385.2 [M+H]+
。實例 37 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) 4-溴-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸甲酯
在25℃下向4-溴-3-羥基苯甲酸甲酯(CAN 106291-80-9;4 g,17.3 mmol)於THF (100 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加丙烷-2-醇(2 mL,25.96 mmol)、三苯膦(6.83 g,25.96 mmol)及偶氮二甲酸二異丙酯(DIAD;5.14 mL,25.96 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物15小時。在減壓下移除反應揮發物,得到粗產物,藉由管柱層析法使用含10%乙酸乙酯之己烷作為溶離劑純化該粗產物,得到呈淡紅色液體之標題化合物(4 g,85%)。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸甲酯
將4-溴-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸甲酯(3 g,10.98 mmol)、環丙基硼酸(1.2 g,14.27 mmol)及K3
PO4
(5.83 g,27.45 mmol)溶解於甲苯-水(60 mL / 2.5 mL)中且用氮氣使混合物脫氣30分鐘。添加乙酸鈀(II) (250 mg,1.09 mmol)及三環己基膦(308 mg,1.09 mmol)。用氬氣使混合物脫氣20分鐘且接著加熱至100℃持續15小時。反應混合物用水(50 mL)稀釋且用乙酸乙酯(3 × 100 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用鹽水洗滌且經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥。在減壓下移除溶劑,得到粗產物,藉由combiflash層析法使用含15%乙酸乙酯之己烷作為溶離劑純化粗產物,得到呈淡黃色液體之標題化合物(2 g,78%)。
c) 4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸
在25℃下向4-溴-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸甲酯(2.1 g,8.97 mmol)於二噁烷/水1/1 (60 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加LiOH × H2
O (753 mg,17.94 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物15小時且接著藉由添加1M HCl水溶液達至pH 2-3。用乙酸乙酯(3 × 50 mL)萃取,之後經合併之有機層用鹽水洗滌且經Na2
SO4
乾燥。在減壓下移除溶劑,得到粗產物,藉由combiflash層析法使用含40%乙酸乙酯之己烷作為溶離劑純化粗產物,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(1.4 g,71%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 219.0 [M-H]-
。
d) 4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-3,3-二甲基-1-(甲胺基)-1-側氧基丁-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺
向4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(100 mg,0.45 mmol)於DMF (2.5 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加DIEA (0.3 mL,1.81 mmol)及碘化2-氯-1-甲基吡錠(290 mg,1.13 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌混合物1.5小時。添加(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;78.7 mg,0.55 mmol)且在25℃下持續攪拌16小時。反應混合物用水(20 mL)稀釋且用乙酸乙酯(2 × 50 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到粗產物,藉由製備型HPLC純化粗產物,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(13.5 mg,9%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 347.1 [M+H]+
。實例 38 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺或對映異構體
a) 2-環丙基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺
在25℃下向環丙基-乙酸(40 g,400 mmol)於DCM (400 mL)中之攪拌溶液中逐份添加CDI (70 g,431.6 mmol)且攪拌反應混合物2小時。一次性添加O,N-二甲基-羥胺鹽酸鹽(39.76 g,407.6 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物12小時,倒入冰冷的水(300 mL)中且用DCM (2 × 200 mL)萃取。經合併之DCM層用鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮。藉由combiflash管柱層析法純化粗產物,得到呈無色液體狀之標題化合物(45 g,79%)。
b) 1-環丙基丙-2-酮
在-15℃下經30分鐘向2-環丙基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺(25 g,174.9 mmol)於無水乙醚(125 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加甲基鋰(於醚中之1.6 M溶液;120 mL,192.3 mmol)。在0℃攪拌反應混合物1.5小時,用飽和NH4
Cl水溶液(100 mL)淬滅且用乙醚(2 × 300 mL)萃取。經合併之醚層用鹽水溶液(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮,得到呈淡黃色液體狀之粗標題化合物(52 g),該粗標題化合物不經進一步純化即用於下一步驟中。
c) 2-胺基-3-環丙基-2-甲基丙腈
在25℃下向1-環丙基丙-2-酮(36 g,367 mmol)於乙醇(360 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加NH4
OH (25%於水中;360 mL)及氯化銨(20 g,374 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物1小時。逐份添加氰化鉀(37 g,572 mmol)且持續攪拌12小時。在減壓下濃縮混合物,用水(500 mL)稀釋且用乙酸乙酯(3 × 200 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用飽和硫酸亞鐵溶液(3 × 300 mL)及鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮,得到呈淡黃色油狀之粗標題化合物(25 g),該粗標題化合物不經進一步純化即用於下一步驟中。MS m/e = 123 [M-H]-
。
d) N-(1-氰基-2-環丙基-1-甲基乙基)胺基甲酸苯甲酯
在25℃下向2-胺基-3-環丙基-2-甲基丙腈(24 g,194 mmol)於無水THF (570 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加DIEA (70 mL,426 mmol)及氯甲酸苯甲酯(50%於甲苯中;79.2 mL,232 mmol)。在45℃下攪拌混合物18小時且在減壓下濃縮。將殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(300 mL)中且用1 M NaHCO3
水溶液(250 mL)洗滌分離各層。用乙酸乙酯(2 × 200 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層用鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由combiflash管柱層析法用含10%乙酸乙酯之己烷溶離來純化粗產物,得到呈無色油狀之標題化合物(42 g,44%)。MS m/e = 258.9 [M]+
。
e) N-[2-環丙基-1-(N-羥基甲脒基)-1-甲基乙基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯
向N-(1-氰基-2-環丙基-1-甲基乙基)胺基甲酸苯甲酯(42 g,162.8 mmol)於乙醇(520 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加三乙胺(25 mL,179.1 mmol)及羥胺鹽酸鹽(11.3 g,162.5 mmol)。在60℃下攪拌反應混合物18小時。在減壓下移除揮發物。用乙酸乙酯(300 mL)及NaHCO3
水溶液(200 mL)稀釋殘餘物。分離各層。用乙酸乙酯(2 × 200 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由CombiFlash管柱層析法用含15-20%乙酸乙酯之己烷溶離來純化粗產物,得到呈白色固體狀之標題化合物(40 g,84%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 292.2 [M+H]+
。
f) N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯
向N-[2-環丙基-1-(N-羥基甲脒基)-1-甲基乙基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯(26 g,89.3 mmol)於異丙醇(466 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加1,1二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺(47.6 g,357.4 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物17小時。冷卻至0℃後逐滴添加含4 M鹽酸之二噁烷(112 mL,447 mmol)。在0℃持續攪拌2小時。添加乙酸乙酯(300 mL)且混合物用2M碳酸鈉水溶液(500 mL)洗滌。用乙酸乙酯(2 × 300 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層用鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由combiflash管柱層析法用含20-30%乙酸乙酯之己烷溶離來純化粗產物,得到呈無色黏性油狀之外消旋N-[1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯(25 g,85%)。對掌性分離得到呈無色黏性油狀之標題化合物(11.5 g,46%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 315.9 [M+H]+
。
g) (2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺
在0℃下、在氮氣氛圍下向N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯(11.5 g,36.5 mmol)於無水DCM (250 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加BCl3
(於DCM中之1 M溶液;186 mL)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物1.5小時。用甲醇(30 mL)及H2
O (10 mL)淬滅溶液。在減壓下移除溶劑。使殘餘物溶於水(100 mL)中,用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液鹼化且用DCM (2 × 200 mL)萃取。經合併之萃取物用鹽水(100 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾,得到呈淡棕色液體之標題化合物(5.4 g,82%)。
h) (2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽
在0℃下向(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺(5.4 g,29.8 mmol)於甲醇(50 mL)中之攪拌溶液中逐滴添加鹽酸於二噁烷(37 mL,149 mmol)中之4 M溶液。在25℃下攪拌溶液2小時。在減壓下移除揮發物。藉由甲苯協同蒸餾(2次)接著凍乾,獲得呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(6.2 g,96%)。
i) 4-環丙基-N-[(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺或對映異構體
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;110 mg,0.5 mmol)及(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(109 mg,0.5 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(46 mg,24%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 384.1 [M+H]+
。實例 39 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例33;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;66.5 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(110 mg,70%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 350.9 [M+H]+
。實例 40 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例33;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;86 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(63 mg,46%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 356.9 [M+H]+
。實例 41 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c;100 mg,0.38 mmol)及(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;67 g,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(49 mg,70%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 386.8 [M+H]+
。實例 42 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c;100 mg,0.38 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;86.1 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(55mg,37%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 393.1 [M+H]+
。實例 43 N-[(2S)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(97 mg,0.54 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(56 mg,36%)。以類似於3-環丙基-3-[(2-甲基丙烷-2-亞碸基)胺基]丁酸(CAN 1534510-01-4)之方式,以(R)-2-甲基丙烷-2-亞磺醯胺(CAN 196929-78-9)及1-環丙基-乙酮(CAN 765-43-5)作為起始物質製備(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽。MS (ESI) m/e = 345.0 [M+H]+
。實例 44 N-[(2R)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(3R)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(97 mg,0.54 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(45 mg,29%)。以類似於3-環丙基-3-[(2-甲基丙烷-2-亞碸基)胺基]丁酸(CAN 1534510-01-4)之方式,以(S)-2-甲基丙烷-2-亞磺醯胺(CAN 343338-28-3)及1-環丙基-乙酮(CAN 765-43-5)作為起始物質製備(3R)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽。MS (ESI) m/e = 345.0 [M+H]+
。實例 45 N-[(2R)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例33;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(3R)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例44;96 mg,0.54 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(60 mg,39%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 348.8 [M+H]+
。實例 46 3- 第三丁基 -5-{4- 環丙基 -3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯基 } -1,2,4- 噁二唑
向4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;50 mg,0.22 mmol)於無水DMF (3 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加N,N'-二環己基碳化二亞胺(54 mg,0.33 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌混合物30分鐘。在25℃下添加(E)-N'-羥基-2,2-二甲基丙脒(39 mg,0.33 mmol)且持續攪拌1小時。將溫度升高至100℃持續72小時。冷卻至室溫後,藉由製備型HPLC純化經濃縮之粗混合物,得到呈無色液體之標題化合物(34 mg,51%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 331.2 [M+H]+
。實例 47 3- 第三丁基 -5-[4- 環丙基 -3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯基 ] -1,2,4- 噁二唑
a) 4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸甲酯
向3-溴-4-環丙基苯酸甲酯(CAN 1131615-05-8;1 g,3.92 mmol)於二噁烷(10 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加3,3-二氟吡咯啶鹽酸鹽(1.1 g,7.84 mmol)及第三丁醇鈉(1.88 g,19.6 mmol)。用氮氣使混合物脫氣10分鐘。添加Ru-Phos (220 mg,0.47 mmol)及Brett-Phos環鈀(188 mg,0.23 mmol)。懸浮液經脫氣5分鐘,在100℃下攪拌45小時且經由矽藻土床過濾。經由製備型TLC純化經濃縮之濾過物,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(200 mg,19%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 282.2 [M+H]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸
以4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸甲酯(200 mg,0.71 mmol)作為起始物質,使用LiOH × H2
O (60 mg,1.42 mmol),以類似於實例37c中所述程序之方式合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(150 mg,79%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 268.1 [M+H]+
。
c) 3-第三丁基-5-[4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯基]-1,2,4-噁二唑
以類似於實例46之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(50 mg,0.18 mmol)及(E)-N'-羥基-2,2-二甲基丙脒(32 mg,0.28 mmol)合成呈無色液體之標題化合物(23 mg,35%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 348.3 [M+H]+
。實例 48 1-{4- 環丙基 -3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯 }-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;102 mg,0.54 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(18 mg,11%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 353.1 [M+H]+
。實例 49 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2R)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯
向N-[2-環丙基-1-(N-羥基甲脒基)-1-甲基乙基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯(26 g,89.3 mmol)於異丙醇(466 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加1,1二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺(47.6 g,357.4 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物17小時。冷卻至0℃後逐滴添加含4 M鹽酸之二噁烷(112 mL,447 mmol)。在0℃下持續攪拌2小時。添加乙酸乙酯(300 mL)且用2M碳酸鈉水溶液(500 mL)洗滌混合物。用乙酸乙酯(2 × 300 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層用鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且蒸發至乾。藉由combiflash管柱層析法用含20-30%乙酸乙酯之己烷溶離來純化粗產物,得到呈無色黏性油狀之外消旋N-[1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯(25 g,85%)。對掌性分離得到呈無色黏性油狀之標題化合物(10.5 g,42%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 316.1 [M+H]+
。
b) (2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺
以類似於實例38g之方式,以N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]胺基甲酸苯甲酯作為起始物質合成呈淡棕色液體之標題化合物(5.7 g,99%)。
c) (2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽
以(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺為起始物質類似於實例38h合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(6.3 g,92%)。
d) 4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;110 mg,0.5 mmol)及(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(109 mg,0.5 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(31 mg,16%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 383.9 [M+H]+
。實例 50 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2R)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
a) 4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸甲酯
以類似於實例37b之方式,以3-溴-4-環丙基苯甲酸甲酯(CAN 1131615-05-8;2.0 g,7.84 mmol)及(6-氟吡啶-3-基)硼酸(2.8 g,19.6 mmol)作為起始物質合成呈白色固體狀之標題化合物(1.4 g,66%)。MS m/e = 271 [M]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸
以4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸甲酯(1.4 g,5.2 mmol)作為起始物質,使用LiOH × H2
O (433 mg,10.3 mmol),以類似於實例37c中所述程序之方式合成呈白色固體狀之標題化合物(1.3 g,98%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 257.9 [M+H]+
。
c) 4-環丙基-N-[(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-基]-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(110 mg,0.43 mmol)及(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(實例49c;93 mg,0.43 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(62 mg,34%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 421.0 [M+H]+
。實例 51 N-[(2S)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例25c;100 mg,0.38 mmol)及(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例43;82 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(50 mg,34%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 384.8 [M+H]+
。實例 52 N-[(2R)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(實例50b;80 mg,0.31 mmol)及(3R)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例44;67 mg,0.37 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(65 mg,55%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 381.9 [M+H]+
。實例 53 N-[(2S)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(實例50b;80 mg,0.31 mmol)及(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例43;67 mg,0.37 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(68 mg,57%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 381.8 [M+H]+
。實例 54 N-[(2S)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2- 氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例33;100 mg,0.45 mmol)及(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例43;96 mg,0.53 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(75 mg,42%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 349.2 [M+H]+
。實例 55 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-(1- 甲基 -1H- 吡唑 -5- 基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
a) 4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸甲酯
以類似於實例37b之方式,以3-溴-4-環丙基苯甲酸甲酯(CAN 1131615-05-8;2 g,7.84 mmol)及1-甲基-5-(四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜硼雜環戊-2-基)-1H-吡唑(2.4 g,11.8 mmol)作為起始物質合成呈淡棕色油狀之標題化合物(1.4 g,70%)。MS m/e = 256.5 [M]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H
-吡唑-5-基)苯甲酸
以4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲酸甲酯(2 g,7.8 mmol)作為起始物質,使用LiOH × H2
O (655 mg,15.6 mmol),以類似於實例37c中所述程序之方式合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(1.2 g,63%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 241.0 [M-H]-
。
c) 1-[4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲醯基]-4,4-二氟-L-脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲酸(80 mg,0.33 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;57 mg,0.4 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(50mg,40%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 375.1 [M+H]+
。實例 56 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-3-(1- 甲基 -1H- 吡唑 -5- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲酸(實例55b;80 mg,0.33 mmol)及(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;57 g,0.39 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(72 mg,59%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 369.2 [M+H]+
。實例 57 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(實例50b;100 mg,0.39 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;87 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(65 mg,43%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 390.1 [M+H]+
。實例 58 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(實例50b;100 mg,0.39 mmol)及(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;67 mg,0.46 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(70 mg,47%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 384.2 [M+H]+
。實例 59 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(1- 甲基 -1H- 吡唑 -5- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)苯甲酸(實例55b;110 mg,0.45 mmol)及(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(實例38h;99 mg,0.45 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(73 mg,40%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 404.2 [M-H]-
。實例 60 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(6- 氟吡啶 -3- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(6-氟吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸(實例50b;110 mg,0.43 mmol)及(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(實例38h;93 mg,0.43 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(49 mg,27%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 420.9 [M+H]+
。實例 61 N-[(2R)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(65 mg,0.24 mmol)及(3R)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例44;52 mg,0.29 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(19 mg,20%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 392.1 [M+H]+
。實例 62 N-[(2S)-4- 胺基 -2- 環丙基 -4- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(60 mg,0.22 mmol)及(3S)-3-胺基-3-環丙基丁醯胺鹽酸鹽(實例43;40 mg,0.22 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(24 mg,27%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 391.7 [M+H]+
。實例 63 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2R)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(60 mg,0.22 mmol)及(2R)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(實例49c;49 mg,0.22 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(35 mg,36%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 428.8 [M-H]-
。實例 64 4- 環丙基 -N-[(2S)-1- 環丙基 -2-(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 ) 丙 -2- 基 ]-3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(65 mg,0.24 mmol)及(2S)-1-環丙基-2-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)丙-2-胺鹽酸鹽(實例38h;63 mg,0.3 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(44 mg,42%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 431.2 [M+H]+
。實例 65 1-[4- 環丙基 -3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 ) 苯甲醯基 ]-4,4- 二氟 -L- 脯胺醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(50 mg,0.18 mmol)及(2S)-4,4-二氟吡咯啶-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(CAN 426844-51-1;42 mg,0.22 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(50 mg,67%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 400.1 [M+H]+
。實例 66 4- 環丙基 -3-(3,3- 二氟吡咯啶 -1- 基 )-N-[(2S)-3,3- 二甲基 -1-( 甲胺基 )-1- 側氧基丁 -2- 基 ] 苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例37d之方式由4-環丙基-3-(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)苯甲酸(50 mg,0.18 mmol)及(2S)-2-胺基-N,3,3-三甲基丁醯胺(CAN 89226-12-0;32 mg,0.22 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(20 mg,28%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 394.3 [M+H]+
。實例 67 4- 環丙基 -N-[(5- 甲基 - 1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 )(3- 甲基氧雜環丁 -3- 基 ) 甲基 ] -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
a) 2-甲基-丙烷-2-亞磺酸1-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基-(E)-亞醯胺
將3-甲基-氧雜環丁烷-3-甲醛(15 g,149.8 mmol)、2-甲基丙烷-2-亞磺醯胺(18 g,149.8 mmol)及Ti(OEt)4
(63 mL,299.6 mmol)於THF (300 mL)中之溶液回流持續16小時。使反應混合物冷卻至25℃,用鹽水(800 mL)淬滅,且用EtOAc (3 × 300 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用鹽水(400 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾且在真空中蒸發。藉由combiflash管柱層析法使用含30% EtOAc之己烷作為溶離劑來純化粗產物,得到呈淡黃色油狀之標題化合物(20 g,66%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 203.9 [M+H]+
。
b) 2-甲基-丙烷-2-亞磺酸[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-醯胺
在25℃下、在氮氣氛圍下向2-甲基-丙烷-2-亞磺酸1-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基-(E)-亞醯胺(4 g,19.68 mmol)於THF (100 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加氟化銫(3.6 g,23.6 mmol)及三甲基矽烷基氰(3.1 mL,23.6 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物4小時。在真空中移除揮發物。用乙酸乙酯(50 mL)及水(50 mL)稀釋粗混合物。分離各層。用EtOAc (2 × 50 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層用鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾且蒸發。藉由combiflash管柱層析法純化粗產物,得到呈黃色固體狀之標題化合物(3.5 g,78%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 231.0 [M+H]+
。
c) 2-胺基-2-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)乙腈
向2-甲基-丙烷-2-亞磺酸[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-醯胺(1.5 g,6.51 mmol)於甲醇(35 mL)中之冰冷的攪拌溶液中添加4 M HCl於二噁烷(2.4 mL)中之溶液。在0℃下攪拌反應混合物2小時。在0℃下添加三乙胺(1.8 mL,13.03 mmol)。在減壓下移除揮發物,得到粗標題化合物(800 mg),該粗標題化合物不經進一步純化即用於下一步驟中。
d) N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺
向4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟-乙氧基)-苯甲酸(實例25c;134 mg,0.51 mmol)於DMF (1.0 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加DIEA (0.33 mL,2.1 mmol)及碘化2-氯-1-甲基吡錠(336 mg,1.3 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌混合物1.5小時。在25℃下添加含粗2-胺基-2-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)乙腈(130 mg,1.03 mmol)之DMF (2.0 mL)且持續攪拌15小時。反應混合物用水(10 mL)稀釋且用EtOAc (3 × 20 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用水(10 mL)、飽和NaHCO3
水溶液(10 mL)及鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由combiflash管柱層析法純化粗產物,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(150 mg,40%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 368.9 [M+H]+
。
e) 4-環丙基-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺
向N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺(150 mg,0.407 mmol)於乙醇(2 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加三乙胺(61 mL,0.45 mmol)及羥胺鹽酸鹽(28 mg,0.407 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物18小時。在減壓下移除溶劑。藉由含10%甲醇之DCM (20 mL)溶解殘餘物。添加NaHCO3
飽和水溶液(20 mL)。分離有機層且用含10%甲醇之DCM (2 × 20 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用含90% EtOAc之己烷作為溶離劑來純化粗產物,得到呈灰白色黏性固體狀之標題化合物(100 mg,61%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 402.1 [M+H]+
。
f) 4-環丙基-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺
在25℃下向4-環丙基-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-3-(2,2,2-三氟-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺(100 mg,0.25 mmol)於異丙醇(2.0 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加(1,1-二甲氧基-乙基)-二甲基-胺(265 mg,1.99 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物17小時。添加水(20 mL)及含10%甲醇之DCM (20 mL)。分離有機層且用含10%甲醇之DCM (3 × 20 mL)萃取水層。經合併之有機層用鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到粗產物,該粗產物經由combiflash管柱層析法使用EtOAc作為溶離劑來純化,接著用戊烷洗滌且最後經由凍乾來乾燥,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(20.0 mg,19%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 426.0 [M+H]+
。實例 68 4- 環丙基 -N-[(5- 甲基 -1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 )(3- 甲基氧雜環丁 -3- 基 ) 甲基 ]-3-[( 丙 -2- 基 ) 氧基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-異丙氧基-苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67d中所述程序之方式由4-環丙基-3-(丙-2-基氧基)苯甲酸(實例37c;174 mg,0.79 mmol)及粗2-胺基-2-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)乙腈(實例67c;200 mg,1.58 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(250 mg,48%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 329.0 [M+H]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-3-異丙氧基-苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67e中所述程序之方式由N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-異丙氧基-苯甲醯胺(250 mg,0.76 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(200 mg,84%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 362.3 [M+H]+
。
c) 4-環丙基-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]-3-[(丙-2-基)氧基]苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67f中所述程序之方式由4-環丙基-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-3-異丙氧基-苯甲醯胺(200 mg,0.55 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(48 mg,23%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 386.1 [M+H]+
。實例 69 N-[3- 胺基 -1-(3- 甲基氧雜環丁 -3- 基 )-3- 側氧基丙基 ]-4- 環丙基 -3-(2,2,2- 三氟乙氧基 ) 苯甲醯胺
a) 3-甲基-氧雜環丁烷-3-羧酸苯甲酯
向3-甲基-氧雜環丁烷-3-羧酸(5 g,43.1 mmol)於CH3
CN (100 mL)中之溶液中添加DBU (7.1 mL,47.4 mmol)及苯甲基溴(5.5 mL,45.6 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物18小時。在減壓下移除溶劑。添加乙酸乙酯(100 mL)及1N HCl (20 mL)。分離有機層,經硫酸鈉乾燥且在真空中濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用含10% EtOAc之己烷作為溶離劑來純化粗產物,得到呈無色液體狀之標題化合物(5.4 g,61%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 386.1 [M+NH4]+
。
b) 3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-3-側氧基-丙腈
向第三丁醇鉀(2.97 g,26.47 mmol)於THF (40 mL)中之冰冷溶液中添加CH3
CN (1.08 g,26.47 mmol)。在0℃下攪拌混合物10分鐘。添加3-甲基-氧雜環丁烷-3-羧酸苯甲酯(5.2 g,25.21 mmol)於THF (10 mL)中之溶液。使反應混合物升溫至25℃且攪拌3小時。冷卻至0℃後,添加2N HCl水溶液(20 mL)且用CH2
Cl2
(2 × 100 mL)萃取混合物。經合併之有機層用鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,經硫酸鈉乾燥且在減壓下濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用含10% EtOAc之己烷作為溶離劑來純化粗物質,得到呈淡黃色油狀之標題化合物(1.7 g,47%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 138.1 [M-H]-
。
c) (Z)-3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙烯腈
在25℃下攪拌3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-3-側氧基-丙腈(1.7 g,12.21 mmol)、2H-1,3-苯并二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲胺(1.84 g,12.26 mmol)及異丙醇鈦(IV) (4.56 mL,15.27 mmol)於THF (15 mL)中之混合物1小時。添加水(50 mL)及EtOAc (100 mL)。將混合物經由矽藻土床過濾且用EtOAc (50 mL)洗滌。分離有機層,用鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法純化粗產物,得到呈淡黃色固體狀之標題化合物(1.9 g,57%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 271.2 [M-H]-
。
d) 3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙腈
將NaBH3
CN (650 mg,10.47 mmol)添加至(Z)-3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙烯腈(1.9 g,6.98 mmol)於AcOH (15 mL)中之溶液中。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物3小時。混合物用水(50 mL)稀釋且用EtOAc (3 × 50 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用飽和NaHCO3
水溶液及鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用含30% EtOAc之己烷作為溶離劑來純化粗產物,得到呈無色膠質固體狀之標題化合物(1.5 g,78%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 275.0 [M+H]+
。
e) 3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙醯胺
向3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙腈(4.2 g,15.3 mmol)於DMSO (50 mL)中之溶液中添加K2
CO3
(3.59 g,26.1 mmol)且逐滴添加30% H2
O2
(31 mL)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物17小時。添加水(200 mL)且用CH2
Cl2
(2 × 100 mL)萃取懸浮液。經合併之萃取物用水(50 mL)及鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,經Na2
SO4
乾燥且在真空中濃縮。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用含5% MeOH之DCM作為溶離劑來純化粗產物,得到呈灰白色膠質液體狀之標題化合物(2.35 g,52%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 293.0 [M+H]+
。
f) 3-胺基-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙醯胺
以氬氣淨化3-[(苯并[1,3]二氧雜環戊烯-5-基甲基)-胺基]-3-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-丙醯胺(1 g,3.42 mmol)於MeOH (70 mL)中之溶液30分鐘。添加20% Pd(OH)2
/C (2 g)。用氮氣吹掃混合物30分鐘,在25℃下在H2
氣囊壓力下攪拌18小時且經由矽藻土床過濾。用含10% MeOH之CH2
Cl2
(2 × 20 mL)洗滌矽藻土床。在真空中濃縮經合併之濾液。用醚(2 × 20 mL)濕磨粗產物,得到呈無色液體狀之粗標題化合物(550 mg),該粗標題化合物不經任何進一步純化即用於下一步驟中。
g) N-[3-胺基-1-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)-3-側氧基丙基]-4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯甲醯胺
向4-環丙基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-苯甲酸(實例25c;50 mg,0.192 mmol)於DMF (2 mL)中之攪拌溶液中添加DIEA (0.13 mL,0.78 mmol)及碘化2-氯-1-甲基吡錠(122.8 mg,0.48 mmol)。在25℃下攪拌反應混合物1.5小時。添加含粗(3-胺基-3-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)丙醯胺(45.6 mg,0.288 mmol)之DMF (1.0 mL)。在25℃下持續攪拌16小時。混合物用水(20 mL)稀釋且用乙酸乙酯(2 × 50 mL)萃取。經合併之有機層用鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,經無水Na2
SO4
乾燥且在減壓下濃縮。添加水(10 mL)。過濾懸浮液。經由combiflash管柱層析法使用EtOAc作為溶離劑來純化所獲得之灰白色固體,得到呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(23.5 mg,31%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 400.9 [M+H]+
。實例 70 4- 環丙基 -3-(2- 氟乙氧基 )-N-[(5- 甲基 - 1,2,4- 噁二唑 -3- 基 )(3- 甲基氧雜環丁 -3- 基 ) 甲基 ] 苯甲醯胺
a) N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-(2-氟基-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67d中所述程序之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)苯甲酸(實例33;240 mg,1.07 mmol)及粗2-胺基-2-(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)乙腈(實例67c;270 mg,1.07 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(250 mg,35%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 333.1 [M+H]+
。
b) 4-環丙基-3-(2-氟-乙氧基)-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67e中所述程序之方式由N-[氰基-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-4-環丙基-3-(2-氟基-乙氧基)-苯甲醯胺(250 mg,0.75 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(200 mg,73%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 365.9 [M+H]+
。
c) 4-環丙基-3-(2-氟乙氧基)-N-[(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)(3-甲基氧雜環丁-3-基)甲基]苯甲醯胺
以類似於實例67f中所述程序之方式由4-環丙基-3-(2-氟基-乙氧基)-N-[(N-羥基甲脒基)-(3-甲基-氧雜環丁-3-基)-甲基]-苯甲醯胺(200 mg,0.55 mmol)及(1,1-二甲氧基-乙基)-二甲基-胺(583 mg,4.38 mmol)合成呈灰白色固體狀之標題化合物(168 mg,79%)。MS (ESI) m/e = 390.0 [M+H]+
。實例 71 藥理學測試
進行以下測試以測定式I化合物之活性:放射性配位體結合檢定
分別使用建議量之表現人類CNR1或CNR2受體之人類胚胎腎臟(HEK)細胞之膜製劑(PerkinElmer),與作為放射性配位體之1.5 nM或2.6 nM [3H]-CP-55,940 (Perkin Elmer)結合,測定本發明化合物對類大麻酚CB1受體之親和力。於總體積為0.2 ml之結合緩衝液(對於CB1受體,50 mM Tris,5 mM MgCl2
,2.5 mM EDTA,及0.5% (wt/vol)不含脂肪酸之BSA,pH 7.4;且對於CB2受體,50 mM Tris,5 mM MgCl2
,2.5 mM EGTA,及0.1% (wt/vol)不含脂肪酸之BSA,pH 7.4)中在30℃震盪下進行結合1小時。藉由經由塗佈有0.5%聚乙烯亞胺之微濾板(UniFilter GF/B過濾板;Packard)快速過濾終止反應。使用非線性回歸分析(Activity Base, ID Business Solution, Limited)來分析Ki之結合放射能,其中由飽和實驗測定[3H]CP55,940之Kd值。式(I)化合物顯示對CB2受體之極佳親和力,親和力低於10 µM,更特定言之1 nM至3 µM,且最特定言之1 nM至100 nM。cAMP 檢定
在實驗前17-24小時,表現人類CB1或CB2受體之CHO細胞接種於具有透明平底之黑色96孔板(Corning Costar 3904號)中含10%胎牛血清之DMEM (Invitrogen第31331號),1×HT補充物中,每孔有50.000個細胞,且在5% CO2
及37℃下在含濕氣培育箱中培育。用具有1 mM IBMX之Krebs Ringer碳酸氫鹽緩衝液交換生長介質且在30℃下培育30分鐘。添加化合物至100 µl之最終檢定體積且在30℃下培育30分鐘。使用cAMP-Nano-TRF偵測套組,藉由添加50 µl溶解試劑(Tris、NaCl、1.5% Triton X100、2.5% NP40、10% NaN3
)及50 µl偵測溶液(20 µM mAb Alexa700-cAMP 1:1及48 µM釕-2-AHA-cAMP)終止檢定(羅氏診斷(Roche Diagnostics))且在室溫下震盪2小時。藉由配備有ND:YAG雷射作為激勵源之TRF讀取器(Evotec Technologies GmbH)量測時差式能量轉移。量測培養板兩次,在355 nm下激勵且在100 ns延遲及100 ns閘極下發射,總曝露時間分別在730 (帶寬30 nm)或645 nm (帶寬75 nm)下為10秒。FRET信號如下計算:FRET = T730-Alexa730-P(T645-B645),其中P = Ru730-B730/Ru645-B645,其中T730為在730 nM下量測之測試孔,T645為在645 nm下量測之測試孔,B730及B645分別為730 nm及645 nm下之緩衝劑對照組。由自10 µM跨越至0.13 nM cAMP之標準曲線之函數測定cAMP含量。
使用Activity Base分析(ID Business Solution,Limited)測定EC50
值。自此檢定所產生之寬範圍類大麻酚促效劑之EC50
值與科學文獻中所公開之值一致。
本發明化合物為EC50
低於0.5 μM且選擇性與對應檢定中之CB1相比為至少10倍的CB2促效劑。本發明之特定化合物為EC50
低於0.05 μM且選擇性與對應檢定中之CB1相比為至少500倍的CB2促效劑。
舉例而言,以下化合物展示上文所述之功能性cAMP檢定中之以下人類EC50
值:
實例 A
可以習知方式製造含有以下成分之膜包覆錠劑:
將活性成分篩分且與微晶纖維素混合,且用聚乙烯吡咯啶酮於水中之溶液使混合物粒化。隨後將顆粒物與羥基乙酸澱粉鈉及硬脂酸鎂混合且壓製以分別產生120 mg或350 mg之核。用上文所提及之薄膜衣之水溶液/懸浮液對該等核上漆。實例 B
可以習知方式製造含有以下成分之膠囊:
將組分篩分,混合且填充於尺寸2之膠囊中。實例 C
注射溶液可具有以下組成:
將活性成分溶解於聚乙二醇400與注射用水(部分)之混合物中。藉由添加乙酸將pH調節成5.0。藉由添加殘餘量水將體積調節成1.0 ml。將溶液過濾,適當過量填充至小瓶中且滅菌。
實例 | 人類CB2 EC50 (uM) | 人類CB1 EC50 (uM) | 實例 | 人類CB2 EC50 (uM) | 人類CB1 EC50 (uM) | |
1 | 0.13611 | >10 | 36 | 0.03388 | >10 | |
2 | 0.49179 | >10 | 37 | 0.00533 | >10 | |
3 | 0.12205 | >10 | 38 | 0.02662 | >10 | |
4 | 0.01804 | >10 | 39 | 0.01151 | 1.55816 | |
5 | 0.12961 | >10 | 40 | 0.21552 | >10 | |
6 | 0.02604 | 0.53879 | 41 | 0.010025 | 0.585855 | |
7 | 0.00144 | >10 | 42 | 0.13441 | >10 | |
8 | 2.1742 | >10 | 43 | 0.03084 | >10 | |
9 | 0.00756 | >10 | 44 | 0.002905 | 1.0894 | |
10 | 0.03294 | >10 | 45 | 0.00742 | >10 | |
11 | 0.09872 | >10 | 47 | 0.005 | >10 | |
12 | 0.06641 | >10 | 48 | 0.37708 | >10 | |
13 | 0.02182 | >10 | 49 | 0.04212 | >10 | |
14 | 0.02328 | >10 | 50 | 0.05368 | >10 | |
15 | 0.03409 | >10 | 51 | 0.08084 | >10 | |
16 | 0.00265 | >10 | 52 | 0.00976 | >10 | |
17 | 0.00051 | >10 | 53 | 0.18363 | >10 | |
18 | 0.23258 | >10 | 54 | 0.23085 | >10 | |
19 | 0.0196 | >10 | 55 | 1.91253 | >10 | |
20 | 0.03128 | >10 | 56 | 0.14008 | >10 | |
21 | 0.29716 | >10 | 57 | 0.27384 | >10 | |
22 | 0.0281 | >10 | 58 | 0.01177 | 0.38833 | |
23 | 0.02589 | >10 | 59 | 0.28233 | >10 | |
24 | 0.01546 | >10 | 60 | 0.09837 | >10 | |
25 | 0.040295 | >10 | 61 | 0.0025 | 1.78648 | |
26 | 0.03631 | >10 | 62 | 0.02594 | >10 | |
27 | 0.09796 | >10 | 63 | 0.00383 | 0.87196 | |
28 | 0.07985 | >10 | 64 | 0.00108 | >10 | |
29 | 0.14868 | >10 | 65 | 0.01813 | >10 | |
30 | 0.03834 | >10 | 66 | 0.00048 | 0.042115 | |
31 | 0.01662 | >10 | 67 | 0.26284 | >10 | |
32 | 0.01005 | >10 | 68 | 0.26368 | >10 | |
33 | 0.059395 | >10 | 69 | 1.18458 | >10 | |
34 | 0.05695 | >10 | 70 | 0.50609 | >10 | |
35 | 0.00856 | >10 |
成分 | 每錠劑 | |
核: | ||
式(I)化合物 | 10.0 mg | 200.0 mg |
微晶纖維素 | 23.5 mg | 43.5 mg |
含水乳糖 | 60.0 mg | 70.0 mg |
普維酮(Povidone) K30 | 12.5 mg | 15.0 mg |
羥基乙酸澱粉鈉 | 12.5 mg | 17.0 mg |
硬脂酸鎂 | 1.5 mg | 4.5 mg |
(核重) | 120.0 mg | 350.0 mg |
薄膜衣: | ||
羥丙基甲基纖維素 | 3.5 mg | 7.0 mg |
聚乙二醇6000 | 0.8 mg | 1.6 mg |
滑石 | 1.3 mg | 2.6 mg |
氧化鐵(黃色) | 0.8 mg | 1.6 mg |
二氧化鈦 | 0.8 mg | 1.6 mg |
成分 | 每膠囊 |
式(I)化合物 | 25.0 mg |
乳糖 | 150.0 mg |
玉米澱粉 | 20.0 mg |
滑石 | 5.0 mg |
式(I)化合物 | 3.0 mg |
聚乙二醇400 | 150.0 mg |
乙酸 | q.s. ad pH 5.0 |
注射溶液用水 | ad 1.0 ml |
Claims (6)
- 一種化合物之光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物、外消旋體、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物,其中該化合物係選自以下組成之群組:
- 如請求項1之化合物之光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物、外消旋體、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物,其係用於治療或預防疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎。
- 如請求項1之化合物之光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物、外消旋體、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物,其係用於治療或預防發炎性腸道疾病、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、或腎臟纖維化。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1之化合物之光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物、外消旋體、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物,及治療學上惰性載劑。
- 一種如請求項1之化合物之光學純對映異構體、對映異構體之混合物、外消旋體、非對映異構體之混合物、非對映異構外消旋體或非對映異構外消旋體之混合物的用途,其係用於製備治療或預防以下各者之藥劑:疼痛、動脈粥樣硬化、年齡相關之黃斑變性、糖尿病性視網膜病變、青光眼、糖尿病、炎症、發炎性腸道疾病、缺血再灌注損傷、急性肝臟衰竭、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、腎臟纖維化、全身性纖維化、急性同種異體移植排斥反應、慢性同種異體移植腎病變、糖尿病性腎病變、腎小球腎病變、心肌症、心臟衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌梗塞、全身性硬化症、熱損傷、燒傷、肥厚性疤痕、瘢痕瘤、齒齦炎發熱、肝硬化或腫瘤、骨質調節、神經退化、中風、暫時性缺血性發作或葡萄膜炎。
- 如請求項5之用途,其中該藥劑係用於治療或預防發炎性腸道疾病、肝纖維化、肺纖維化、或腎臟纖維化。
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- 2020-04-16 HR HRP20200606TT patent/HRP20200606T1/hr unknown
- 2020-07-15 US US16/930,013 patent/US11339120B2/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-05-28 AU AU2021203482A patent/AU2021203482B2/en active Active
- 2021-09-29 JP JP2021159305A patent/JP2022003066A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2012168350A1 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-13 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Pyridin- 2 -amides useful as cb2 agonists |
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