TWI553035B - 含有含脂環式骨架之咔唑樹脂之光阻下層膜形成組成物 - Google Patents
含有含脂環式骨架之咔唑樹脂之光阻下層膜形成組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI553035B TWI553035B TW101124441A TW101124441A TWI553035B TW I553035 B TWI553035 B TW I553035B TW 101124441 A TW101124441 A TW 101124441A TW 101124441 A TW101124441 A TW 101124441A TW I553035 B TWI553035 B TW I553035B
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- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JRWNODXPDGNUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1CCOC1.OC(=O)C=C JRWNODXPDGNUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000249 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010483 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001816 polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010988 polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DFKSOSAMNIMACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OS DFKSOSAMNIMACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003930 superacid Substances 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAELLLITIZHOGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(C)(C)C JAELLLITIZHOGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiouracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=S)N1 ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000329 thiouracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsulfonium Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAYMLNNRGCYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfonium triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FAYMLNNRGCYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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Description
本發明其係關於半導體基板加工時有效之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物以及用在該光阻下層膜形成組成物之光阻圖型形成方法,以及半導體裝置製造方法。
以往關於半導體裝置之製造,是經由用在微影術之光阻組成物進行微細加工。前述微細加工為在矽晶圓等被加工基板上形成光阻組成物之薄膜,不僅如此,並藉由描繪在半導體裝置圖型上之光罩圖型,在紫外線等活性光線照射下,顯像,得到作為保護膜之光阻圖型於矽晶圓等被加工基板上進行蝕刻處理時之加工法。然而,由於近年來半導體裝置之高密度化之進展,使得活性光線也從KrF準分子雷射(248nm)轉為ArF準分子雷射(193nm)具有短波長化之傾向。如此也伴隨從活性光線之基板產生之漫反射或靜止波所造成的影響而變成大問題。在光阻與被加工基板之間設置抗反射膜(Bottom Anti-Reflective Coating,BARC)之方法也被廣泛來討論。
今後,進行光阻圖型之微細化時,會發生解像度問題或是光阻圖型顯像後倒塌的問題,冀望光阻之薄膜化。因此,基板加工要得到充分之光阻圖型膜厚非常困難,不只是光阻圖型,在光阻與加工半導體基板之間所作成之光阻下層膜也必須要有能在製程中作為基板加工時之光罩的功
能。作為像這樣在製程所用之光阻下層膜與以往的高蝕刻速度性(蝕刻速度快速)之光阻下層膜不同,對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度而言具有接近1之乾式蝕刻速度之選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜,會被要求要有相對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度具有小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜或是相對於半導體基板之乾式蝕刻速度具有小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜。
作為上述光阻下層膜用之聚合物可以舉例如下。
例舉用於咔唑酚醛清漆樹脂之光阻下層膜形成組成物(參照專利文獻1)。
伴隨微細化之進行,在光阻下層上含有矽之光阻中間層膜與光阻下層膜形成3層製程被廣泛應用。從圖型倒塌以及蝕刻加工精度的觀點來看中間層膜之膜厚必須要求使用膜厚在50nm以下。含有矽之中間層膜其膜厚在50nm以下時對於含有矽中間層膜之防反射效果會減少,所以光阻下層膜也被要求必須要有適切之n值與k值。具體而言,一般會要求n值高,k值低,透明且具高蝕刻耐性之下層膜。
作為具有適切之n值與k值之前述光阻下層膜用之聚合物,以下列例子來作代表。
舉例使用含具有萘酚與雙環戊二烯之反應物之聚合物之光阻下層膜形成組成物(參照專利文獻2)。
[專利文獻1]國際公開宣傳手冊WO2010-147155
[專利文獻2]特開2004-205685
本發明之目的,在於提供一種用於半導體裝置製造之微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物。又,本發明之目的,是曝光在短波長時具有最適當之n值與k值,不會與光阻層產生互混,得到相當優異之光阻圖型,對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度具有接近1之乾式蝕刻速度之選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜,會被要求要有相對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度具有小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜或是相對於半導體基板之乾式蝕刻速度具有小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜。進一步而言,本發明之目的,在於提供一種用光阻下層膜形成組成物之光阻圖型之形成方法。以及,本發明之目的,在兼顧耐熱性之下提供一種為形成光阻下層膜之光阻下層膜形成組成物。
本發明由從第1觀點來看,一種光阻下層膜形成組成物,其係含有具縮合雜環化合物與雙環化合物之反應物所形成的單位構造之聚合物,作為第2觀點,如第1觀點之光阻下層膜形成組成物
,前述縮合雜環化合物為咔唑化合物,或為取代咔唑化合物,作為第3觀點,如第1觀點或第2觀點所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述之雙環化合物為雙環戊二烯,取代雙環戊二烯,四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯,或取代四環〔4.40.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯者,作為第4觀點,如第1觀點之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述聚合物含有下述式(1)所代表之單位構造、式(2)所代表之單位構造、式(3)所代表之單位構造或是該等之組合,
(式中,R1至R14為氫原子或其取代基,各自獨立為鹵素基、硝基、胺基或羥基,或該等基亦可被取代為碳原子數1至10之烷基或是碳原子數6至40之芳基,Ar為碳原子數6至40之芳香環基,n1,n2,n5,n6,n9,n10,n13,n14及n15各自為0至3之整數,n3,n4,n7,n8,n11及n12各自為0至4之整數),作為第5觀點,如第4觀點之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述式(3)中之Ar為苯基或萘基,作為第6觀點,如第1~5觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,其中更含有交聯劑,作為第7觀點,如如第1~6觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,其中更含有酸及/或酸產生劑,作為第8觀點,一種光阻下層膜,其係由如第1~7觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物在半導體基板上塗佈並燒成所得到者,作為第9觀點,一種光阻圖型之形成方法,其係含有用於半導體製造之如第1~7觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物在半導體基板上塗佈所燒成之下層膜之形成步驟,作為第10觀點,一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其係含有在半導體基板上由如第1~7觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟、在該下層膜上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束之照射與顯像使該光阻膜形成光阻圖型之步驟;藉由該光阻圖型來蝕刻該下層膜
之步驟、以及藉由該被圖型化之下層膜來對該半導體基板進行加工之步驟,作為第11觀點,一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其係含有在半導體基板上藉由如第1~7觀點中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物來形成下層膜之步驟、在該下層膜上形成硬光罩之步驟、進而在該硬光罩上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束之照射與顯像使該光阻膜形成光阻圖型之步驟、藉由該光阻圖型來對該硬光罩進行蝕刻之步驟、藉由該圖型化之硬光罩來對該下層膜進行蝕刻之步驟、及藉由該被圖型化之下層膜來對該半導體基板進行加工之步驟,及作為第12觀點,如第11觀點之製造方法,其中,前述之硬光罩為藉由無機物溶液之塗佈或是無機物之蒸氣沈積所形成者。
本發明藉由光阻下層膜形成組成物,使得光阻下層膜之上層部與覆蓋在其上之層不會發生互相混合的情形,並可以形成良好之光阻圖型形狀。
本發明之光阻下層膜形成組成物能對於從基板來的曝光賦予有效率之抑制光反射之性能,一併也具有作為曝光之光抗反射膜之效果。
本發明係從光阻下層膜形成組成物所得到之光阻下層膜,其係具有高n質低k質,顯示出可以在與含有矽的中
間層組合所用之三層的製程中使從基板來之波長193nm之光反射有減低的效果。
藉由本發明之光阻下層膜形成組成物,提供一種優良之光阻下層膜,其係對光阻之乾式蝕刻速度而言具有接近1之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比,相對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度而言具有小的之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比或是相對於半導體基板之乾式蝕刻速度而言具有小的乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之光阻下層膜。
伴隨光阻圖型之微細化為防止光阻圖型於顯像後倒塌而進行光阻之薄膜化。該薄膜光阻,在光阻圖型進行蝕刻製程時轉印到下層膜上,藉由下層膜作為光罩在基板進行加工之製程或是在蝕刻製程將光阻圖型轉印至下層膜上,再來,將轉印到下層膜之圖型用相異之氣體組成再轉印至下層膜上,如此步驟重覆數次,最後進行基板加工製程。本發明之光阻下層膜以及其形成組成物在這製程是有效的,使用本發明之光阻下層膜於基板加工時,該膜對於加工基板(例如,基板上之熱氧化矽膜,氮化矽膜,多晶矽膜等)來說非常具有蝕刻耐性。
然後,本發明之光阻下層膜,可以作為平坦化膜、光阻下層膜、光阻層之污染防止膜,以及具有乾式蝕刻選擇性膜來使用。因此,在於半導體製造之微影術製程中光阻圖型之形成可以變的更容易,精度也更優良。
藉本發明藉由光阻下層膜形成組成物在基板上形成光阻下層膜,並於其上形成硬光罩,再於其上形成光阻膜,
藉由曝光與顯像來形成光阻圖型,將光阻圖型轉印之硬光罩上,轉印至硬光罩上之光阻圖型再轉印至光阻下層膜,在此光阻下層膜進行半導體基板之加工製程。在此製程中硬光罩之形成是藉由有機聚合物或是無機聚合物與含有溶劑之塗佈型組成物來進行,以及藉由無機物之真空蒸氣沈積來進行。在無機物(例如,氧化矽氮化物)之真空蒸氣沈積中蒸氣沈積物堆積於光阻下層膜表面上,此時,光阻下層膜表面之溫度上昇至400℃前後。因為本發明所使用之聚合物為耐熱性高之含咔唑酚醛清漆系單位構造之聚合物,所以本發明之光阻下層膜之耐熱性相當高,即使藉蒸氣沈積物之堆積也不會產生熱劣化。
本發明為含有具縮合雜環化合物與雙環化合物之反應物之單位構造之聚合物之用於微影術步驟之光阻下層膜形成組成物。
對於本發明前述之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物含有前述之聚合物與溶劑。因此,此組成物可以含有交聯劑與酸,必要時可加含酸產生劑,界面活性劑等添加劑。此組成物之固形物含量為0.1至70質量%,或是0.1至60質量%。固形物含量為從光阻下層膜形成組成物去除溶劑後全成分之含有比例。在固形物含量中,前述聚合物可以為含有1至100質量%,或是1至99.9質量%,或50至99.9質量%,或50至95質量%,或50至90質量%之重
量比例。
本發明所用之聚合物,其重量平均分子量為600至1,000,000,或600至200,000。
對於前述聚合物,其縮合雜環化合物可以為咔唑,或取代咔唑。又,其雙環化合物為雙環戊二烯,取代雙環戊二烯,四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯,或取代四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯。
前述聚合物可以為下述式(1)所代表之單位構造,式(2)所代表之單位構造,式(3)所代表之單位構造或是該等之組合。
式中,R1至R14為氫原子之取代基,各自獨立為鹵素基,硝基,胺基或羥基,或亦可為被這些基所取代之碳原子數1至10之烷基或是碳原子數6至40之芳基,Ar為碳原子數6至40之芳香環基,n1,n2,n5,n6,n9,n10,n13,n14及n15各自為0至3的整數,n3,n4,n7,n8,n11及n12各自為0至4之整數。
作為前述之鹵素基包括有氟原子,氯原子,溴原子,碘原子。
作為碳原子數1至10之烷基可例舉甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、環丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、環丁基、1-甲基-環丙基2-甲基-環丙基、正戊基、1-甲基-正丁基、2-甲基-正丁基、3-甲基-正丁基、1,1-二甲基-正丙基、1,2-二甲基-正丙基、2,2-二甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-正丙基、環戊基、1-甲基-環丁基、2-甲基-環丁
基、3-甲基-環丁基、1,2-二甲基-環丙基、2,3-二甲基-環丙基、1-乙基-環丙基、2-乙基-環丙基、正己基、1-甲基-正戊基、2-甲基-正戊基、3-甲基-正戊基、4-甲基-正戊基、1,1-二甲基-正丁基、1,2-二甲基-正丁基、1,3-二甲基-正丁基、2,2-二甲基-正丁基、2,3-二甲基-正丁基、3,3-二甲基-正丁基、1-乙基-正丁基、2-乙基-正丁基、1,1,2-三甲基-正丙基、1,2,2-三甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基-正丙基、環己基、1-甲基-環戊基、2-甲基-環戊基、3-甲基-環戊基、1-乙基-環丁基、2-乙基-環丁基、3-乙基-環丁基、1,2-二甲基-環丁基、1,3-二甲基-環丁基、2,2-二甲基-環丁基、2,3-二甲基-環丁基、2,4-二甲基-環丁基、3,3-二甲基-環丁基、1-正丙基-環丙基、2-正丙基-環丙基、1-異丙基-環丙基、2-異丙基-環丙基、1,2,2-三甲基-環丙基、1,2,3-三甲基-環丙基、2,2,3-三甲基-環丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基-環丙基、2-乙基-1-甲基-環丙基、2-乙基-2-甲基-環丙基及2-乙基-3-甲基-環丙基。
作為前述碳原子數6至40之芳基可列舉苯基、鄰甲苯基、間甲苯基、對甲苯基、鄰氯苯基、間氯苯基、對氯苯基、鄰氟苯基、對氟苯基、鄰甲氧基苯基、對甲氧基苯基、對硝苯基、對氰基苯基、α-萘基、β-萘基、鄰聯苯基、間聯苯基、對聯苯基、1-蒽基,2-蒽基、9-蒽基、1-菲基、2-菲基、3-菲基、4-菲基及9-菲基。
前述R1,R2,R5,R6,R9,R10,R13及R14各自為氫原子時,亦即n1,n2,n5,n6,n9,n10,n13及n14各自
為0。又R3,R4,R7,R8,R11及R12各自為氫原子時,亦即n3,n4,n7,n8,n11及n12各自為0。又,R3,R4任一或雙方為羥基時,n3及n4各自為0或1,R7,及R8任一方或雙方為羥基時n7及n8各自為0或1。
本發明所使用之咔唑類,例如,可列舉咔唑、1,3,6,8-四硝基咔唑、3,6-二胺咔唑、3,6-二溴基-9-乙基咔唑、3,6-二溴基-9-苯基咔唑、3,6-二溴基咔唑、3,6-二氯咔唑、3-胺-9-乙基咔唑、3-溴基-9-乙基咔唑、4,4’雙(9H-咔唑-9-基)聯苯、4-環氧丙基咔唑、4-羥基咔唑、9-(1H-苯并三唑-1-基甲基)-9H-咔唑、9-乙醯基-3,6-二碘咔唑、9-苯甲醯基咔唑、9-苯甲醯基咔唑-6-二甲醛、9-苄基咔唑-3-甲醛、9-甲基咔唑,9-苯咔唑、9-乙烯基咔唑、咔唑鉀、咔唑-N-羰基氯、N-乙基咔唑-3-甲醛、N-((9-乙咔唑-3-基)亞甲基)-2-甲基-1-吲哚啉胺等,這些皆可單獨或是2種以上組合使用。
具有式(1)及(2)所代表之單位構造之聚合物,在有酸觸媒存在下,可以藉由雙環戊二烯類與咔唑類使其加成反應而得到。反應所使用之酸觸媒,可列舉三氟化硼之乙醇錯合物或是氯化鋁等路易士酸類;鹽酸、硝酸、硫酸等之無機酸類;甲烷磺酸、正丁烷磺酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、間二甲苯磺酸、對二甲苯磺酸、三甲苯磺酸等磺酸類、三氟甲烷磺酸、九氟甲烷磺酸、五氟苯磺酸等之如全氟磺酸之超強酸,全氟磺酸等為具有末端磺酸基之全氟烷聚合物,具磺酸殘基之聚苯乙烯等之陰離子交換樹脂等。
特別是以使用甲烷磺酸,甲苯磺酸,三氟甲烷磺酸為佳。
又,可以使用美國King社製之觸媒,商品名K-PURE-TAG-2689、商品名K-PURE-TAG-2690、商品名K-PURE-CXC-1614、商品名K-PURE-CXC-1615。
該使用量,相對於原料單體則在0.01至5莫耳%之範圍內,例如甲烷磺酸系觸媒的情形,相對於原料單體在0.01至10莫耳%範圍內,較佳為在0.05至5莫耳%之範圍內,三氟甲烷磺酸系觸媒的情形為在0.0001至5莫耳%範圍內,較佳為0.0005至5莫耳%之範圍內。
用在本發明聚合物之製造所使用之溶劑可列舉環己酮、甲基-2-戊酮等之酮類;3-甲氧基丁醇、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇等之醇類;丙二醇單甲基醚、乙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚等之醚類;丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單乙基醚醋酸酯、乳酸乙酯、丙酮酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、醋酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單第三丁基醚醋酸酯等之酯類;甲苯、丁基溶纖劑、1,4-二惡烷等,這些都可以1種或2種以上混合使用。反應溫度通常為40℃至200℃。反應時間則藉由反應溫度可以有種種選擇,通常為30分至50小時的程度。
以上反應所得到之聚合物其重量平均分子量Mw通常
為600至1000000,或是600至200000。
式(1)之單位構造,式(2)之單位構造,或是具有兩者的組合之聚合物可以列舉如下。
又,可以使縮合雜環化合物與雙環化合物與羥基雙環戊二烯共聚合而產生。例如,可以將咔唑與雙環戊二烯與羥基雙環戊二烯共聚合而產生。這種情況,認為是咔唑與雙環戊二烯之共聚物末端上加成羥基雙環戊二烯之構造。
此外,可以使縮合雜環化合物與雙環化合物以及與具有羥基及醛基之芳香族化合物進行共聚合反應。例如,可以將咔唑與雙環戊二烯以及與具有羥基及醛基之芳香族化合物進行共聚合反應。有羥基及醛基之芳香族化合物會在聚合物上結合,具有使聚合物之溶解性提高之效果。因此,藉由咔唑及雙環戊二烯結合之取代基,聚合物對於得不到前述溶媒之充分溶解性之問題也可消除。咔唑與雙環戊
二烯與具有羥基及醛基之芳香族化合物在酸存在下進行縮合反應而產生聚合。
作為具有羥基及醛基之芳香族化合物,可列舉水楊酸醛、3-羥基苯甲醛、4-羥基苯甲醛、2,3-二羥基苯甲醛、3,4-二羥基苯甲醛、2,4-二羥基苯甲醛、3,5-二羥基苯甲醛、2,3,4-三羥基苯甲醛、2,4,5-三羥基苯甲醛、2,4,6-三羥基苯甲醛、3,4,5-三羥基苯甲醛、1-羥基-2-萘醛、3-羥基-2-萘醛、2-羥基-1-萘醛、4-羥基-1-萘醛、6-羥基-2-萘醛、2,6-二羥基-1-萘醛等。
前述聚合物與其他聚合物在全聚合物中可以在重量份30質量%以內混合使用。
那些其他的聚合物可列舉聚丙烯酸酯化合物、甲基丙烯酸酯化合物、聚丙烯醯胺化合物、聚甲基丙烯醯胺化合物、聚乙烯基化合物、聚苯乙烯化合物、聚馬來亞醯胺化合物、聚馬來酸酐,及聚丙烯腈化合物。
作為聚丙烯酸酯化合物之原料單體,可列舉甲基丙烯酸酯、乙基丙烯酸酯、異丙基丙烯酸酯、苄基丙烯酸酯、萘基丙烯酸酯、蒽基丙烯酸酯、蒽基甲基丙烯酸酯、苯基丙烯酸酯、2-羥基乙基丙烯酸酯、2-羥基丙基丙烯酸酯、2,2,2-三氟乙基丙烯酸酯、4-羥基丁基丙烯酸酯、異丁基丙烯酸酯、第三丁基丙烯酸酯、環己基丙烯酸酯、異莰基丙烯酸酯、2-甲氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基三乙二醇丙烯酸酯、2-乙氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、四氫呋喃丙烯酸酯、3-甲氧基丁丙烯酸酯、2-甲基-2-金剛烷丙烯酸酯、2-乙基-2-
金剛烷丙烯酸酯、2-丙基-2-金剛烷丙烯酸酯、2-甲氧基丁基-2-金剛烷丙烯酸酯、8-甲基-8-三環癸烷基丙烯酸酯、8-乙基-8-三環癸烷基丙烯酸酯、及5-丙烯醯氧基-6-羥基降莰烯-2-羧酸-6-內酯等。
作為甲基丙烯酸酯化合物之原料單體,可列舉甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正戊酯、甲基丙烯酸環己酯、甲基丙烯酸苄基酯、甲基丙烯酸萘基酯、甲基丙烯酸蒽基酯、蒽基甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、2-苯基甲基丙烯酸乙酯、2-羥基甲基丙烯酸乙酯、2-羥基甲基丙烯酸丙酯、2,2,2-三氟甲基丙烯酸乙酯、2,2,2-三氯甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸異丁酯、2-乙基甲基丙烯酸己酯、異癸烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、正月桂甲基丙烯酸酯、正硬脂醯基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基二乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯、四氫呋喃甲基丙烯酸酯、異莰基甲基丙烯酸酯、第三丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、異硬脂醯基甲基丙烯酸酯、正丁氧基甲基丙烯酸乙酯、3-氯-2-羥基甲基丙烯酸丙酯、2-甲基-2-金剛烷甲基丙烯酸酯、2-乙基-2-金剛烷甲基丙烯酸酯、2-丙基-2-金剛烷甲基丙烯酸酯、2-甲氧基丁基-2-金剛烷甲基丙烯酸酯、8-甲基-8-三環癸烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、8-乙基-8-三環癸烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、5-甲基丙烯醯基-6-羥基降莰烯-2-羧酸-6-內酯、以及2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟丁基甲基丙烯酸酯等。
作為丙烯醯胺化合物,可列舉丙烯醯胺、N-甲基丙烯
醯胺、N-乙基丙烯醯胺、N-苄基丙烯醯胺、N-苯基丙烯醯胺、以及N,N-正二甲基丙烯醯胺等。
作為甲基丙烯酸醯胺化合物之原料單體,可列舉甲基丙烯醯胺、N-甲基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-乙基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-苄基甲基丙烯醯胺、N-苯甲基丙烯醯胺、以及N,N-正二甲基甲基丙烯醯胺等。
作為聚乙烯化合物之原料單體,可列舉乙烯基醚、甲基乙烯基醚、苄基乙烯基醚、2-羥基乙基乙烯基醚、苯基乙烯基醚、以及丙基乙烯基醚等。
作為聚苯乙烯化合物之原料單體,可列舉苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯、氯苯乙烯、溴苯乙烯、以及羥基苯乙烯等。
作為聚馬來亞醯胺化合物之原料單體,可列舉馬來亞醯胺、N-甲基馬來亞醯胺、N-苯基馬來亞醯胺、以及N-正環己基馬來亞醯胺等。
這些聚合物之製造,在有機溶劑添加加成之聚合性單體以及必要時視狀況加入鏈轉移劑(對單體之質量10%以下)使其溶解後,再加入聚合起使劑使其進行聚合反應,然後,添加聚合停止劑使其停止反應藉此可以來製造。作為聚合起使劑之添加量以對單體之質量為1至10%,作為聚合停止劑之添加量以單體之質量為0.01至0.2質量%。一般作為有機溶劑使用有:丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乳酸乙酯、環己酮、甲乙酮、以及二甲基甲醯胺等;作為鏈轉移劑則有十二烷基硫醇(Dodecane thiol)及十二基硫醇(Dodecyl thiol)等;作為聚合起使劑則
有偶氮雙異丁腈及偶氮雙環己烷腈等,然後,作為聚合停止劑包括4-甲氧基酚等。反應溫度則在30至100℃之間,反應時間則以1至48小時中選擇適宜時間。
本發明之光阻下層膜形成組成物可以具有交聯劑成分。此交聯劑,可以舉出有三聚氰胺系,取代脲系,或是這些聚合物系等。較佳為,至少含有2個形成交聯取代基之交聯劑,四甲氧基甲基乙炔脲等之甲氧基甲基化乙炔脲、丁氧基甲基化乙炔脲、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、丁氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、甲氧基甲基化苯胍胺、丁氧基甲基化苯胍胺、甲氧基甲基化脲、丁氧基甲基化脲、甲氧基甲化硫脲、或是甲氧基甲基化硫脲等之化合物。又,也可以使用這些化合物之縮合體。
又,作為前述交聯劑可以使用耐熱性高之交聯劑。作為耐熱性高之交聯劑一般用分子內具有含芳香族環(例如,苯環、萘環)之形成交聯取代基之化合物較佳。
此化合物為具有下述式(4)所表示之部分構造之化合物或是,下記式(5)所表示之具有重覆單位單位之聚合物或寡聚物。
在式(4)中,R16及R17各自為氫原子,碳原子數1至10之烷基,或是碳原子數6至20之芳基,n16為1至4之整數,n17為1至(5-n16)之整數,(n16+n17)則為2至6之整數。
在式(5)中,R18為氫原子或碳原子數1至10之烷基,R19為碳原子數1至10之烷基,n18為1至4之整數
,n19為0至(4-n18),(n18+n19)則為1至4之整數。寡聚物及聚合物其重覆單位構造之數量可以用2至100,或是2至50之範圍。
這些烷基及芳基,可以前述烷基及芳基為例。
在式(4)所表示之具部分構造之化合物則以下述化學式為例。
前述化合物可以使用旭有機材工業(株),本州化學工業(株)之製品。例如前述交聯劑之式(4-21)化合物可使用旭有機材工業(株),其商品名為TM-BIP-A。
藉由交聯劑之添加量、使用之塗佈溶劑、使用之底層基板、被要求之溶液黏度、被要求之膜形狀等而產生變動,相對於固形物含量則在0.001至80質量%之範圍內,較佳為0.01至50質量%之範圍,更佳為0.05至40質量%之範圍。這些交聯劑也可以藉由自己縮合發生交聯反應,但是在本發明之上述之聚合物中有交聯性取代基存在之情況下,可與這些交聯性取代基發生交聯反應。
在本發明中作為可以促進前述交聯反應之觸媒,可以結合對甲苯磺酸、三氟甲烷磺酸、吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸、水
楊酸、磺基水楊酸、檸檬酸、苯甲酸、羥基苯甲酸、萘羧酸等之酸性化合物或/及2,4,4,6-四溴基環己二烯、苯偶姻對甲苯磺酸、2-硝基苄基對甲苯磺酸、其他之有機磺酸烷酯等之熱酸產生劑。調配量相對於固形物含量在0.0001至20質量%之範圍,較佳為0.0005至10質量%之範圍,更佳為0.01至3質量%之範圍。
本發明之微影術用塗佈型光阻下層膜形成組成物,為使與在微影術步驟中在上層被塗覆之光阻其酸度一致,所以添加光酸產生劑。較好之光酸產生劑,例如有雙(4第三丁基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、三苯鋶鹽三氟甲烷磺酸鹽等之鎓鹽系光酸產生劑類;苯基-雙(三氯甲基)第二三嗪等之鹵素含有化合物系光酸產生劑類;苯偶姻對甲苯磺酸、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺三氟甲烷磺酸鹽等之磺酸系光酸產生劑類等。前述光酸產生劑量相對於固形物含量使用0.2至10質量%,較佳為0.4至5質量%。
對於本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物來說,前述以外更必要視需要也可添加吸光劑、流變調整劑、黏附輔助劑、界面活性劑等。
另外,作為吸光劑例如,「工業用色素之技術與市場」(CMC出版)或「染料便覧」(有機合成化學協會編)上記載之市販吸光劑,例如,C.I.Disperse Yellow 1,3,4,5,7,8,13,23,31,49,50,51,54,60,64,66,68,79,82,88,90,93,102,114及124;C.I.Disperse Orange 1,5,13,25,29,30,31,44,57,
72及73;C.I.Disperse Orange Red 1,5,7,13,17,19,43,50,54,58,65,72,73,88,117,137,143,199及210;C.I.Disperse Violet 43;C.I.Disperse Orange Blue 96;C.I.Fluorescent Brightening Agent 112,135及163;C.I.Solvent Orange 2及45;C.I.Solvent Red 1,3,8,23,24,25,27及49;C.I.Pigment Green 10;C.I.Pigment Brown2等可以適用。前述吸光劑,通常其調配量對於微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物之固形物含量在10質量%以下,較佳為5質量%以下之比例。
流變調整劑,主要是使光阻下層膜形成組成物之流動性增加,特別是在烘烤步驟,其目的在於提高光阻下層膜之膜厚均一性或是提高對孔內部之光阻下層膜形成組成物之充填性而添加。具體例可列舉二甲基鄰苯二甲酸酯、二乙基鄰苯二甲酸酯、二異丁基鄰苯二甲酸酯、二己基鄰苯二甲酸酯、丁基異癸基鄰苯二甲酸酯等之苯二甲酸衍生物,二正丁基己二酸、二異丁基己二酸、二異辛基己二酸、辛基癸基己二酸等之己二酸衍生物,二正丁基馬來酸、二乙基馬來酸、二壬基馬來酸等之馬來酸衍生物,甲基油酸酯、丁基油酸酯、四氫呋喃油酸酯等之油酸衍生物,或是正丁基硬脂酸酯、甘油基硬脂酸酯等之硬脂酸衍生物。這些流變調整劑相對於微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物之固形物含量質量份使用通常不滿30質量%之配合比例。
黏附輔助劑,主要是提高基板或是光阻與本發明之光阻下層膜間之密著性,特別是在顯像時其目的為使光阻不
會剝離時添加。具體例可列舉三甲基氯矽烷、二甲基乙烯基氯矽烷、甲基聯苯氯矽烷、氯甲基二甲基氯矽烷等之氯矽烷類;三甲基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙烯基乙氧基矽烷、聯苯二甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷等之烷氧基矽烷類;六甲基二矽氮烷、N,N’-雙(三甲基矽烷基)脲、二甲基三甲基矽烷基胺、三甲基矽烷基咪唑等之矽氮烷類;乙烯基三氯矽烷、γ-氯丙三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、γ-縮水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基矽烷等之矽烷類;苯并三唑、苯并咪唑、吲唑、咪唑、2-氫硫基苯并咪唑、2-氫硫基苯並噻唑、2-氫硫基苯并噁唑、脲唑、硫脲嘧啶、氫硫基咪唑、氫硫基嘧啶等之雜環化合物或;1,1-二甲基脲、1,3-二甲基脲等之脲;或硫脲化合物。這些黏附輔助劑,其調配量相對於微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物之固形物含量通常未滿5質量%,較佳為2質量%未滿之比例。
本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物,為使不產生針孔或偏移(misregistration)等,對於表面不均勻提高其可塗佈性,可以結合使用界面活性劑。作為界面活性劑,可列舉聚氧乙烯月桂醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂醚、聚氧乙烯十六烷基醚、聚氧乙烯油醇醚等之聚氧乙烯烷醚類;聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚、聚氧乙烯壬基酚醚等之聚氧乙烯烷烯丙基醚類;聚氧乙烯‧聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物類;山梨聚糖單月桂酸酯、山梨聚糖單棕櫚酸酯、山梨聚糖單硬脂酸酯、山梨聚糖單油酸酯、山梨聚糖三油酸酯、山梨聚糖三硬脂酸
酯等之山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯類;聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖單月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖單棕櫚酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖單硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖三油酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖三硬脂酸酯等之聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯類等之非離子系界面活性劑,F top EF 301,EF 303,EF352((株)To-Chem Products製,商品名),megafac F171,F173,R-30(大日本Ink(株)製,商品名),Fluorad FC430,FC431(住友3M(株)製,商品名),Asahi Guard A G710,Surflon S-382,SC101,SC102,SC103,SC104,SC105,SC106(旭硝子(株)製,商品名)等之氟系界面活性劑,有機矽氧烷聚合物KP341(信越化學工業(株)製)等。這些界面活性劑的配合量,其含量相對於微影術用下層膜形成組成物之固形物含量中,通常為2.0質量%以下,較佳為1.0質量%以下。這些界面活性劑可單獨一種,且可使用二種以上之組合。
在本發明,可以溶解前述之聚合物及交聯劑成分、交聯觸媒等之溶劑可以用:乙二醇單甲基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、甲基溶纖劑醋酸酯、乙基溶纖劑醋酸酯、二乙二醇單甲基醚、二乙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇丙醚醋酸酯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲乙酮、環戊酮、環己酮、2-羥基丙酸乙酯、2-羥基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基醋酸乙酯、羥基醋酸乙酯、2-羥基-3-甲基丁烷酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙
氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯等。這些有機溶劑可單獨一種,且可使用二種以上之組合。
此外,丙二醇單丁醚,可以混合丙二醇單丁醚醋酸酯等之高沸點溶劑來使用。這些溶劑中之丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、及環己酮等對於整平性提高較佳。
用於本發明之光阻為光阻或是電子束光阻。
對於本發明塗佈在微影術用光阻下層膜上部之光阻而言,負型、正型都可以使用,由酚醛清漆樹脂與1,2-萘醌二疊氮化物磺酸酯組成之正型光阻、由藉具有因酸產生分解使其鹼溶解速度上昇之基之固著劑與光酸產生劑所組成之化學增幅型光阻、由鹼可溶性固著劑與藉由酸產生分解使其光阻之鹼溶解速度上昇之低分子化合物與光酸產生劑所組成之化學增幅型光阻、由藉由含有酸分解使鹼溶解速度上昇之基之固著劑與藉由酸分解使其光阻之鹼溶解速度上昇之低分子化合物與光酸產生劑所組成化學增幅型光阻、骨架上有具Si原子之光阻等,例如,Rohm & Hearts社製,商品名APEX-E。
又,對於本發明之塗佈於微影術用光阻下層膜上部之電子束光阻而言,例如可舉出,由在主鏈上含Si-Si鍵結在末端上含芳香族環之樹脂與藉由電子束之照射而產生酸之酸產生劑所組成之組成物、或是由含有羥基被含正羧基胺之有機基所取代之聚(對羥基苯乙烯)與藉由電子束之
照射而產生酸之酸產生劑所組成之組成物。後者之電子束光阻組成物,為藉由電子束照射從酸產生劑所產生之酸與聚合物側鏈之正羧基胺氧基一起反應,聚合物側鏈在羥基分解顯示具鹼可溶性而溶解於鹼性顯像液,形成光阻圖型。這種電子束之照射而產生酸之酸產生劑包括有:1,1-雙〔對氯苯〕-2,2,2-三氯乙烷、1,1-雙〔對甲氧基苯〕、2,2,2-三氯乙烷、1,1-雙〔對氯苯〕-2,2-二氯乙烷、2-氯-6-(三氯甲基)砒啶等之鹵素化有機化合物;三苯鋶鹽鹽、二苯碘鎓鹽等之鎓鹽;硝基苄基對甲苯磺酸、二硝基苄基對甲苯磺酸等之磺酸酯。
使用本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物而具有形成光阻下層膜之光阻顯像液,可以為氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、碳酸鈉、矽酸鈉、偏矽酸鈉、氨水等之無機鹼類;乙胺、正丙胺等之第一胺類;二乙胺、二-正丁胺等之第二胺類;三乙胺、甲基二乙胺等之第三胺類;二甲基乙醇胺、三乙醇胺等之醇胺類;四甲基銨氫氧化物、四乙基銨氫氧化物、膽鹼等之第4級銨鹽;砒咯、哌啶等之環狀胺類;可以使用此等鹼類之水溶液。此外,在前述鹼類之水溶液可以適當添加異丙醇等之醇類、非離子系等之界面活性劑來使用。這些顯像液中以第四級銨鹽為佳,更佳為四甲基銨氫氧化物及膽鹼。
其次,關於本發明之光阻圖型形成方法來作說明,製造精密集成電路元件所使用之基板(例如矽/二氧化矽被覆,玻璃基板,ITO基板等之透明基板)上用微調器、塗
佈機等以適當之塗佈方法塗佈在光阻下層膜形成組成物後,經烘烤使其硬化後作成塗佈型光阻下層膜。在此,光阻下層膜之膜厚以0.01至3.0μm為佳。又,塗佈後之烘烤條件為在80至350℃中烘烤0.5至120分鐘。然後在光阻下層膜上直接,或必要時用1層至數層之塗膜材料在塗佈型光阻下層膜上,待成膜之後,塗佈其光阻,藉由所預定之光罩進行光或電子束之照射,然後再藉由顯像、清洗、乾燥而得到良好之光阻圖型。如果需要可以在光或電子束照射後進行加熱(PEB:Post Exporsure Bake)。然後,光阻在藉由前述步驟中因顯像而被去除之部分光阻下層膜經乾式蝕刻來去除,將所冀望圖型形成在基板上。
前述光阻之曝光光束有,近紫外線、遠紫外線、或極端紫外線(例如,EUV,波長13.5nm)等之光化性輻射;例如可以利用248nm(KrF雷射光)、193nm(ArF雷射光)、157nm(F2雷射光)等之波長的光。藉由光照射,只要有可以從光酸產生劑產生酸的方法的話,不會特別限制都可以使用,曝光量可以是1至2000mJ/cm2,或10至1500mJ/cm2,或50至1000mJ/cm2。
又,電子束光阻之電子束照射,例如可以用電子束照射裝置來進行照射。
本發明,經由半導體基板藉由光阻下層膜形成組成物使該光阻下層膜形成之步驟、在其上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束照射與顯像形成光阻圖型之步驟、藉由光阻圖型對該光阻下層膜進行蝕刻之步驟、以及藉由被圖型
化後之光阻下層膜進行半導體基板加工之步驟來製造半導體裝置。
今後,進行光阻圖型之微細化時,會發生解像度問題或是光阻圖型顯像後倒塌的問題,冀望光阻之薄膜化。因此,基板加工要得到充分之光阻圖型膜厚非常困難,不只是光阻圖型,在光阻與加工半導體基板之間所作成之光阻下層膜也必須要具有能在製程中作為基板加工時之光罩的功能。作為像這樣在製程所用之光阻下層膜與以往的高蝕刻速度性之光阻下層膜不同,對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度具有接近1之乾式蝕刻速度之選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜,會被要求相對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度具有較小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜或是相對於半導體基板之乾式蝕刻速度具有較小之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜。又,也可以對像這樣的光阻下層膜賦予防反射功能,並結合以往之抗反射膜功能。
另一方面,為得到微細之光阻圖型,在光阻下層膜乾式蝕刻時,比光阻圖型與光阻下層膜在光阻顯像時之圖型幅度更細之製程也要開始導入。作為像這樣在製程所用之光阻下層膜與以往的高蝕刻速度性之光阻下層膜不同,對於光阻之乾式蝕刻速度被要求需具有接近1之乾式蝕刻速度選擇比之微影術用光阻下層膜。又,也可以對像這樣的光阻下層膜賦予防反射功能,並結合以往之抗反射膜功能。
本發明中在基板上將本發明之光阻下層膜成膜之後,
在光阻下層膜上直接,或如果需要時用1層至數層之塗膜材料在塗佈型光阻下層膜上,待成膜之後,可以塗佈在其光阻上。因為如此所以光阻之圖型幅寬變狹小,在為防止圖型倒塌而將被覆塗之光阻變薄的情況下,可以藉選擇適當之蝕刻氣體選擇來進行基板之加工是可能的。
亦即,經由在半導體基板上藉由光阻下層膜形成組成物來形成光阻下層膜之步驟、在其上藉由含有矽成分等之塗膜材料硬光罩或藉由蒸氣沈積而形成之硬光罩(例如,氧化矽氮化物)之步驟、還有在其上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束照射與顯像形成光阻圖型之步驟、藉由光阻圖型在鹵素系氣體下對硬光罩進行蝕刻之步驟、藉圖型化後之硬光罩在該光阻下層膜使用氧氣系氣體或氫氣系氣體來進行蝕刻之步驟、以及藉由被圖型化後之光阻下層膜在鹵素系氣體下進行半導體基板加工之步驟,可製造半導體裝置。
考慮在本發明之光阻下層膜上作為抗反射膜之效果的情況下,本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物,因為其光吸收部位被納入聚合物骨架中,但在加熱乾燥時或加熱硬化時又不含在光阻中之擴散物內,又,因為光吸收部位具有充分之吸光性能所以可以形成具有高度防止反射光的效果之光阻下層膜。
本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物,其熱安定性高,藉由燒成時之分解物可以防止對上層膜之污染,又,燒成步驟之溫度餘量其實非常充分。
再來,本發明之微影術用光阻下層膜形成組成物,藉由製程條件,其具有防止光反射之功能,與進而防止基板與光阻間之相互作用或是防止用於光阻之材料或對光阻曝光時所生成之物質對基板之惡作用之功能之可以作為形成膜之組成物來使用。
氮氣下,在燒瓶中放入咔唑(13.0g,0.078莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、雙環戊二烯(10.3g,0.078莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、甲苯,再加入三氟甲烷磺酸(0.12g,0.00078莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)並攪拌,加溫到120℃使其溶解並開始聚合。21小時後降溫到室溫使其冷卻後,再加入氯仿(30g,關東化學(株)製)並稀釋,將不溶物過濾並去除之後再放至甲醇(1500g,關東化學(株)製)中使其再沈澱。所得之沈澱物過濾之後,在減壓乾燥機60℃,20小時乾燥,得到目的物之高分子化合物〔1〕11.6g。此高分子化合物為含有前述式(3-1)單位構造之聚合物。
高分子化合物〔1〕用GPC法以聚苯乙烯換算來測定其重量平均分子量Mw為2000,多分散度為Mw/Mn 2.90。
氮氣下,在燒瓶中放入咔唑(15.0g,0.090莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、雙環戊二烯(11.3g,0.085莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、羥雙環戊二烯(0.81g,0.005莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、丁基溶纖劑,再加入三氟甲烷磺酸(0.14g,0.0009莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)並攪拌,加溫到140℃使其溶解並開始聚合開始。9小時後降溫至室溫冷卻後,再加入氯仿(30g,關東化學(株)製)並稀釋,將不溶物過濾並去除之後再放至甲醇(1500g,關東化學(株)製)中使其再沈澱。所得之沈澱物過濾之後,在減壓乾燥機60℃,20小時乾燥,得到目的物之高分子化合物〔2〕18.0g。此高分子化合物為含有前述式(3-3)單位構造之聚合物。
高分子化合物〔2〕用GPC法以聚苯乙烯換算來測定其重量平均分子量Mw為3200,多分散度為Mw/Mn 2.80。
氮氣下,在燒瓶中放入咔唑(4.0g,0.024莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯(TCDE)(3.8g,0.024莫耳)、丁溶纖劑,再加入三氟甲烷磺酸(0.04g,0.0002莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)並攪拌,加溫至140℃使其溶解並開始聚合。10小時後降溫至室溫冷卻後,再加入氯仿(30g,關東化學(株)製)並稀釋,將不溶物過濾並去除之後再放至
甲醇(1500g,關東化學(株)製)中使其再沈澱。所得之沈澱物過濾之後,在減壓乾燥機60℃,20小時乾燥,得到目的物之高分子化合物〔3〕2.6g。此高分子化合物為含有前述式(3-2)單位構造之聚合物。
高分子化合物〔3〕用GPC法以聚苯乙烯換算來測定其重量平均分子量Mw為720,多分散度為Mw/Mn 1.24。
氮氣下,在燒瓶中放入咔唑(10.0g,0.060莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、雙環戊二烯(7.12g,0.054莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、4-羥苯甲醛(0.73g,0.006莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)、丁溶纖劑,再加入三氟甲烷磺酸(0.09g,0.0006莫耳,東京化成工業(株)製)並攪拌,加溫至150℃使其溶解並開始聚合。21小時後降溫至室溫冷卻後,再加入四氫呋喃(6g,關東化學(株)製)並稀釋,將不溶物過濾並去除之後再放至甲醇(400g,關東化學(株)製)中使其再沈澱。所得之沈澱物過濾之後,在減壓乾燥機60℃,20小時乾燥,得到目的物之高分子化合物〔5〕9.1g。此高分子化合物為含有前述式(6-2)單位構造之聚合物。
高分子化合物〔5〕用GPC法以聚苯乙烯換算來測定其重量平均分子量Mw為2070,多分散度為Mw/Mn 2.57。
氮氣下,在100mL四口燒瓶中加入咔唑(10g,0.060mol,東京化成工業(株)製)、苯甲醛(6.41g,0.060mol,純正化學(株)製)、對甲苯磺酸單水和物(1.19g,0.060mol,關東化學(株)製),再加入1,4-二惡烷(15g,關東化學(株)製)並攪拌,加溫到100℃使其溶解後開始聚合。2小時後降至60℃冷卻後,加入氯仿(50g,關東化學(株)製)使其稀釋,再放入甲醇(250g,關東化學(株)製)中再沈澱。所得之沈澱物過濾之後,在減壓乾燥機60℃,10小時,再換至120℃,24小時乾燥,得到目的物之高分子化合物〔4〕8.64g。此高分子化合物為含有前述式(6-1)單位構造之聚合物。
高分子化合物〔4〕用GPC法以聚苯乙烯換算來測定其重量平均分子量Mw為4000,多分散度為Mw/Mn 1.69。
前述合成例1得到1.0g之高分子化合物〔1〕,混入0.2g之四甲氧基甲基乙二醇脲、0.02g之吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽、0.003g之megafacR-30(大日本Ink化學(株)製,商品名)、2.3g之丙二醇單甲基醚、4.6g之丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、16.3g之環己酮而成溶液。然後,用孔徑0.10μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,此外,再用孔徑0.05μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,依多層膜調製成用在微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液。
前述合成例2得到1.0g之高分子化合物〔2〕,混入0.2g之四甲氧基甲基乙二醇脲、0.02g之吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽、0.003g之megafacR-30(大日本Ink化學(株)製,商品名)、2.3g之丙二醇單甲基醚、4.6g之丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、16.3g之環己酮而成溶液。然後,用孔徑0.10μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,此外,再用孔徑0.05μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,依多層膜調製成用
在微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液。
前述合成例3得到1.0g之高分子化合物〔3〕,混入0.2g之四甲氧基甲基乙二醇脲、0.02g之吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽、0.003g之megafacR-30(大日本Ink化學(株)製,商品名)、2.3g之丙二醇單甲基醚、4.6g之丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、16.3g之環己酮而成溶液。然後,用孔徑0.10μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,此外,再用孔徑0.05μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,依多層膜調製成用在微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液。
前述合成例4得到1.0g之高分子化合物〔5〕,混入0.25g之四甲氧基甲基乙二醇脲、0.02g之吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽、0.003g之megafacR-30(大日本Ink化學(株)製,商品名)、23g之丙二醇單甲基醚、4.6g之丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、16.3g之環己酮而成溶液。然後,用孔徑0.10μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,此外,再用孔徑0.05μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,依多層膜調製成用在微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液。
前述比較合成例1得到1.0g之高分子化合物〔4〕,
混入0.2g之四甲氧基甲基乙二醇脲、0.02g之吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸鹽、0.003g之megafacR-30(大日本Ink化學(株)製,商品名)、2.3g之丙二醇單甲基醚、4.6g之丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯、16.3g之環己酮而成溶液。然後,用孔徑0.10μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,此外,再用孔徑0.05μm之聚乙烯製之微過濾器過濾,依多層膜調製成用在微影術製程之光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液。
在實施例1至實施例4以及比較例1中所調製之各光阻下層膜形成組成物溶液,經微調器後,在矽晶圓上塗佈。熱板上以溫度250℃加熱1分鐘,形成光阻下層膜(膜厚0.2μm)。然後,將這光阻下層膜浸漬在使用在光阻之溶劑之乳酸乙酯、丙二醇單甲基醚以及丙二醇單甲基醚醋酸酯,並確認不溶於此溶劑中。
在實施例1至實施例4以及比較例1中所調製的各種光阻下層膜形成組成物,利用微調器,塗佈在矽晶圓上。然後在熱板上以溫度250℃加熱1分鐘,形成光阻下層膜(膜厚0.2μm)。再來,用光譜橢偏儀(J.A.Woollam社製,VUV-VASE VU-302)來測量光阻下層膜在波長193nm之折射率(n值)及光學吸光係數(k值,也可稱為衰減係數),結果表示在下記表1。
由表1所展示的結果得知,從光阻下層膜形成組成物而得到與本發明有關之光阻下層膜其n值在1.6~1.7之範圍,k值在0.1~0.3之範圍,比較例則顯示以往之光阻下層膜形成組成物比光阻下層膜之n值高k值低,顯示出在與含有矽的中間層組合所用之三層的製程中從基板來的波長193nm之光反射有減低的效果。
乾式蝕刻速度測定,用下述之蝕刻裝置以及蝕刻氣體。
蝕刻裝置:RIE-10NR(Samco株式會社製)
蝕刻氣體:CF4
在實施例1至實施例4以及比較例1中所調製的各種光阻下層膜形成組成物,利用微調器,塗佈在矽晶圓上。然後在熱板上以溫度250℃加熱1分鐘,形成光阻下層膜(膜厚0.2μm)。對光阻下層膜,用CF4氣體做為蝕刻
氣體來測定乾式蝕刻之速度。再來,用0.7g之酚酚醛清漆樹脂溶解在10g的丙二醇單甲基醚中而成溶液,利用微調器,塗佈在矽晶圓上,在溫度240℃下加熱1分鐘形成酚酚醛清漆樹脂膜。對樹脂膜,用CF4氣體做為蝕刻氣體來測定乾式蝕刻之速度,並進行從實施例1至實施例3以及比較例1所形成之光阻下層膜形成組成物之各光阻下層膜的乾式蝕刻速度之比較。結果如下述表2所示。表2之乾式蝕刻速度比(選擇比),前述酚酚醛清漆樹脂膜之乾式蝕刻速度對比各光阻下層膜之乾式蝕刻速度(光阻下層膜)/(酚酚醛清漆樹脂膜)。
因此,關於本發明從光阻下層膜形成組成物而得到之光阻下層膜,與以往之高蝕刻速度性抗反射膜不同,對於光阻的乾式蝕刻速度有接近1的值,或是對光阻之乾式蝕刻速度有小的乾式蝕刻速度選擇比,對半導體基板之乾式蝕刻速度具有小的乾式蝕刻速度選擇比,再來也瞭解說可以提供此塗佈型光阻下層膜來作為抗反射膜其效果也具有相當的優異性。
高n值與低k值,顯示出可以利用用在微影術制程上之光阻下層膜使其從基板來之波長193nm之光反射在與含有矽的中間層組合所用之三層的製程中有減低的效果。
Claims (11)
- 一種光阻下層膜形成組成物,其係含有具縮合雜環化合物與雙環化合物之反應物所形成的單位構造之聚合物,前述縮合雜環化合物為咔唑化合物,或為取代咔唑化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述雙環化合物為雙環戊二烯,取代雙環戊二烯,四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯,或取代四環〔4.4.0.12,5.17,10〕十二烷基-3,8-二烯者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述聚合物含有下述式(1)所代表之單位構造、式(2)所代表之單位構造、式(3)所代表之單位構造或是該等之組合,
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之光阻下層膜形成組成物,前述式(3)中之Ar為苯基或萘基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,其中,更含有交聯劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物,其中,更含有酸及/或酸產生劑。
- 一種光阻下層膜,其係由如申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物在半導體基板上塗佈並燒成所得到者。
- 一種光阻圖型之形成方法,其係含有用於半導體製造之如申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物在半導體基板上塗佈所燒成之下層膜之形成步驟。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其係含有在半導體基板上由如申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟、在該下層膜上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束之照射與顯像使該光阻膜形成光阻圖型之步驟;藉由該光阻圖型來蝕刻該下層膜之步驟、以及藉由該被圖型化之下層膜來對該半導體基板進行加工之步驟。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其係含有在半導體基板上藉由如申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項所記載之光阻下層膜形成組成物來形成下層膜之步驟、在該下層膜上形成硬光罩之步驟、進而在該硬光罩上形成光阻膜之步驟、藉由光或電子束之照射與顯像使該光阻膜形成光阻圖型之步驟、藉由該光阻圖型來對該硬光罩進行蝕刻之步驟、藉由該圖型化之硬光罩來對該下層膜進行蝕刻之步驟、及藉由該被圖型化之下層膜來對該半導體基板進行加工之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所記載之製造方法,其 中,前述之硬光罩為藉由無機物溶液之塗佈或是無機物之蒸氣沈積所形成者。
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- 2012-07-05 US US14/131,011 patent/US9343324B2/en active Active
- 2012-07-05 WO PCT/JP2012/067201 patent/WO2013005797A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-07-05 JP JP2013523046A patent/JP6041104B2/ja active Active
- 2012-07-05 KR KR1020147002852A patent/KR101913101B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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US20140235060A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
CN103635858A (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
US9343324B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
CN103635858B (zh) | 2017-09-29 |
KR20140051931A (ko) | 2014-05-02 |
WO2013005797A1 (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
KR101913101B1 (ko) | 2018-10-31 |
TW201305238A (zh) | 2013-02-01 |
JP6041104B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
JPWO2013005797A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
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