TWI466770B - 與擠壓工具有關的裝置及方法 - Google Patents

與擠壓工具有關的裝置及方法 Download PDF

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TWI466770B
TWI466770B TW97147838A TW97147838A TWI466770B TW I466770 B TWI466770 B TW I466770B TW 97147838 A TW97147838 A TW 97147838A TW 97147838 A TW97147838 A TW 97147838A TW I466770 B TWI466770 B TW I466770B
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nozzle
guiding member
innermost
melting tank
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TW200936360A (en
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Eero Korolainen
Matti Sistola
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Maillefer Sa
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/34Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06Rod-shaped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B29C48/3366Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

與擠壓工具有關的裝置及方法
本發明是有關一種依據申請專利範圍第1項的前序所述的裝置,尤指一種與擠壓工具有關的裝置。其包含一噴嘴結構,設有同軸向配置的噴嘴元件且配置成可形成一或更多的層,在撓性細長元件的表面上覆蓋一撓性細長元件,其通過最內部的噴嘴元件,及一導引構件,與細長元件的直徑相對應,以控制撓性細長元件,導引構件是一獨立單元,配置成可沿細長元件的方向,至少部分的被推入界定第一熔融槽的兩最內部噴嘴元件內的其位置。
本發明是一種與擠壓工具有關的裝置,包含一噴嘴結構,由軸向配置的噴嘴元件構成。噴嘴元件是配置成可形成一或更多的層,在撓性細長元件的表面上覆蓋一撓性細長元件,其通過最內部的噴嘴元件。最內部噴嘴的頭部區域或是一獨立的導引構件是用以在當撓性細長元件通過噴嘴結構時控制撓性細長元件。製造纜索或類似細長元件時,一或更多層的材料是藉擠壓工具施佈於纜索或類似物上。當待製造的纜索種類,例如纜索的直徑更改時,擠壓工具的噴嘴結構必須加以更改以配合新纜索種類的直徑。一更改噴嘴結構的習知方案經揭示於美國6 827 568號專利案。此方案中,噴嘴配置有一獨立導引構件,可依據待製造的纜索種類而更換。導引構件及噴嘴結構的噴嘴元件之 間的接頭是配置成可藉沿撓性細長元件的方向作用在該單元上的推斥力來鬆開。導引構件是配置成可沿撓性細長元件的方向自噴嘴結構出來。
該習知技藝的缺點是為了防止更換工具時溶融材料的回流,擠壓工具無法使用壓力型擠製,而需使用管或半管型。因此,材料與導體之間的黏附不佳,且股線之間的空間的填充無法令人滿意。此外,擠壓工具需依賴夾持元件來固持導引構件。因此,在製造條件下的夾持機構的作業不能恆保持水準,而致作業可靠性降低,進而導致產能的下降及損失。
因此,本發明的一目的是提供一種可克服習知技藝上述缺點的裝置。本發明的目的可由依據申請專利範圍第1項的特徵部分所述的裝置來達成,其中導引構件是配置成在細長元件及導引構件之間提供一錐形空間,且錐形空間是與第一熔融槽流體連通,以藉壓力加工方式將一材料經錐形空間擠壓至細長元件上。
本發明的較佳具體實施例係揭示於請求項的附屬項中。
本發明的概念為:導引構件形成為可提供一錐形空間於待製造的細長元件及與該元件直徑相對應的導引構件之間,使得擠出材料的最內部層可藉壓力型施工而擠出到細長元件上。導引構件也可設有環形開口以提供最內部的熔 融槽及錐形空間之間的流體連通,使得擠出的溶融材料可由最內部的熔融槽供應至錐形空間。導引構件也是可分割的,使得其可在不需停止擠製程序的情形下安裝入其位置及卸除。
因此,本發明的優點為在擠製過程中錐形空間允許設於細長元件上的最內部的材料層可抵壓向細長元件。易言之,一最內部的聚合物層可藉壓力型擠壓工具塗佈在一導體上。此外,本發明的裝置也提供一方案,其中可防止在更換導引構件時,溶融材料的回流。壓力型擠壓工具提供擠出材料在細長元件或導體上的較佳黏附,故而可強化股線之間的空間的填充。此外,當待製造的纜索或類似物種類更改時,其提供一種更改噴嘴結構,尤其是導引裝置的可靠、簡單及有效的方法。
圖1是擠壓工具的一噴嘴結構的概意視圖,尤指擠壓機頭的壓模(噴嘴)部分。噴嘴結構包含數個同軸向配置的噴嘴元件1,2,3,4。該等噴嘴元件包含一擠製模1、第一中間模2、第二中間模3及一模座4。第一熔融槽7係設於模座4及第二中間模3之間,易言之,最內部的噴嘴元件4及緊鄰的(下一個)最外部噴嘴元件3在其等之間界定最內部的熔融槽7。第二熔融槽8係設於第二中間模3及第一中間模2之間,易言之第二最內部的噴嘴元件3及第三最內部的噴嘴元件2界定第二最內部的熔融槽8。 第三熔融槽9係設於第一中間模2及擠製模1之間,易言之,第三最內部的噴嘴元件2及第四最內部的噴嘴元件1界定第三最內部的熔融槽9。
噴嘴結構另包含一可安裝在噴嘴結構內的獨立導引構件5。在圖1,導引構件5是安裝在模座4及第二中間模3內。導引構件5是全部或至少部分安裝在兩最內部的噴嘴元件內,但也可安裝在三個或更多的最內部噴嘴元件內。導引構件5可藉將其推壓向模座4及第二中間模3來安裝,或藉夾持裝置來將導引構件5可卸除的連接至模座4及第二中間模3兩者或任一者,使其嚙合模座4及/或第二中間模3。依據上述方式,導引構件5成為一伸入噴嘴結構內的獨立部位。
當導引構件5安裝在一細長元件6上,其大致圍繞細長元件6。導引構件5係建構成使得其可分離為兩或以上的部位,以安裝在細長元件6上,或自其上移除。較佳者,導引構件5可沿軸向方向分割成兩半。當導引構件5安裝在細長元件上時,其可插入擠壓頭內,位在經導入擠壓頭內的撓性細長元件6上。導引構件5配置成可藉定位裝置,例如適當的機械裝置,來推入噴嘴結構內的其位置。此外,導引構件5係安裝在細長元件6上,使得其鬆弛的連接至細長元件6。之後,導引構件5隨著撓性細長元件6的運動通過噴嘴結構而被攜帶向前至其位置。導引構件5的可分割結構使得導引構件也可自細長元件6移除。之後,可移除的導引構件5可藉釋放裝置,例如適當的機械 裝置,自噴嘴結構收回,分離成兩半再自擠壓頭移除,而不需停止擠壓線。導引構件5的上述結構使得其在不需停止擠壓線及停止細長元件6的運動的情形下,可被安裝入擠壓頭內及自擠壓頭卸除。製造時,細長元件6的直徑、尺寸或種類可隨時更改,其中一細長元件連接至經在擠壓頭內延伸的細長元件6末端。當細長元件6的直徑更改時,導引構件5也需更改,使得其與新的細長元件的直徑相對應。導引構件的更改可藉上述方式為之。依據此結構,細長元件尺寸的順序不受限制;大直徑也可跟隨在小直徑之後,反之亦然。
導引構件5係建構成使得其與細長元件6的直徑緊密對應,使得其可控制通過擠壓頭噴嘴結構的細長元件6。依據圖1,導引構件5係設於最內部的噴嘴元件4及緊鄰的最外部噴嘴元件3內。然而,本技藝的人士可知導引構件5也可設於噴嘴結構內的其他位置。當導引構件5在最內部的噴嘴元件4及緊鄰的最外部噴嘴元件3內延伸時,其也在第一熔融槽7上延伸。為了自第一熔融槽7擠出材料,在第一熔融槽7及細長元件之間提供一流體連通。所述的流體連通是藉一形成於導引構件5內的徑向開口或孔51來提供。易言之,導引構件5設有一或更多的徑向孔51,以利當導引構件5在噴嘴結構內的此第一熔融槽7上延伸時,來自第一熔融槽7的材料擠出在細長元件6上。當導引構件5被設置在噴嘴結構內的其位置時,該等徑向孔係與第一熔融槽7對齊,使得第一熔融槽7所供應的材 料可流動通過導引構件內的徑向孔51,而進一步在細長元件6上流動。因此,在導引構件內的徑向孔51,使得導引構件5可在最內部噴嘴元件4及緊鄰的最外部噴嘴元件3兩者內延伸,不會妨礙來自第一熔融槽7的材料擠出在細長元件6上。
導引構件5另建構成在細長元件6及導引構件5之間提供一錐形空間52。如圖1所示,錐形空間52延伸於第一熔融槽7及第二熔融槽8之間。此外,錐形空間52係與第一熔融槽7流體連通。第一熔融槽7及錐形空間52之間的流體連通係由形成在導引構件5內的徑向孔51所提供,使得來自第一熔融槽7的材料流通徑向孔51至細長元件6及導引構件之間的錐形空間52。因此,錐形空間52係設於第一熔融槽7下游。錐形空間52導致自第一熔融槽7擠出的材料抵壓向通過噴嘴結構的細長元件6。因此,擠出的材料由第一熔融槽7經導引構件5的徑向孔51流動通過進入錐形空間52且經出口53自錐形空間52出來,在細長元件6上提供一最內部的材料層。中間材料層自第二熔融槽8擠出到最內部的材料層,而最外部材料層自第三熔融槽9擠出到中間材料層上。
錐形空間52將來自第一熔融槽7的擠出材料抵壓向細長元件6,使得最內部的材料層可以壓力施工的方式擠出到細長元件6上。此提供最內部的材料層及細長元件6之間較佳的黏附力,而提升最終產品的特質。當細長元件6更換為具有不同尺寸及/或直徑的新細長元件時,導引構 件5也被更換使得新導引構件與新細長元件的尺寸相對應。此使得在不需停止生產線的情形下,可生產不同直徑的細長元件,且同時可使用一壓力型加工(施工)將最內部的材料層形成在不同尺寸的細長元件上。
導引構件5可進一步建構成使得在徑向孔51上游的導引構件部分,與細長元件的直徑密切的相對應,以充當通過噴嘴結構行進的細長元件的實際導引件。當導引構件5自擠壓頭移除時,最內部的層,與外層一般,藉管加工的方式被擠出到撓性細長元件6上(參見圖1)。因此,可防止在更改導引構件5時材料的回流。
本發明可用在一擠壓頭或噴嘴結構內,該擠壓頭或噴嘴結構是建構成可在一或更多層的材料通過噴嘴結構時,將材料擠壓至細長元件上。此外,細長元件或纜索的順序不受限制,大直徑的細長元件也跟隨在小直徑之後,反之亦然。
精於本技藝的人士可知,本發明的概念可藉各種方式實施。本發明及其具體實施例不在限制上述範例,而是在申請專利範圍的範疇下可作變更的。
1‧‧‧擠製模
2‧‧‧第一中間模
3‧‧‧第二中間模
4‧‧‧模座
5‧‧‧導引構件
6‧‧‧細長元件
7‧‧‧第一熔融槽
8‧‧‧第二熔融槽
9‧‧‧第三熔融槽
51‧‧‧徑向孔
52‧‧‧錐形空間
53‧‧‧出口
本發明將藉較佳具體實施例及圖式來詳加說明。其中圖1是一概意部分斷面視圖,顯示依據本發明的擠壓工具的噴嘴結構。
1‧‧‧擠製模
2‧‧‧第一中間模
3‧‧‧第二中間模
4‧‧‧模座
5‧‧‧導引構件
6‧‧‧細長元件
7‧‧‧第一熔融槽
8‧‧‧第二熔融槽
9‧‧‧第三熔融槽
51‧‧‧徑向孔
52‧‧‧錐形空間
53‧‧‧出口

Claims (13)

  1. 一種與擠壓工具有關的裝置,包含:一噴嘴結構,設有同軸向配置的噴嘴元件(1,2,3,4)和介於該噴嘴元件(1,2,3,4)之間而同軸向配置的熔融槽(7,8),該噴嘴元件(1,2,3,4)和該熔融槽(7,8)配置成可形成一或更多的層,其在一撓性細長元件(6)表面上覆蓋該撓性細長元件(6),其通過最內部的噴嘴元件(4),及一導引構件(5),與該細長元件(6)的直徑相對應,以控制該撓性細長元件(6),該導引構件(5)是一獨立單元,配置成至少一部分可沿該細長元件(6)的方向被推入界定第一熔融槽(7)的兩最內部的噴嘴元件(3,4)內的其位置,其特徵在於:該導引構件(5)係配置成在該細長元件(6)及導引構件(5)之間提供一錐形空間(52),且該錐形空間(52)係與該第一熔融槽(7)流體連通,以藉壓力加工方式將一材料經該錐形空間(52)擠壓至該細長元件(6)上。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)設有一或更多的徑向開口(51),以提供該第一熔融槽(7)及錐形空間(52)之間的流體連通。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該錐形空間(52)沿該細長元件(6)的方向延伸並逐漸變尖細。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該錐形空間 (52)徑向的圍繞該細長元件(6)。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該噴嘴結構的頭部包含位在第一熔融槽(7)下游的第二熔融槽(8),且該錐形空間在第一及第二熔融槽(7,8)之間延伸。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)係鬆弛的連接至該細長元件(6)。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)係配置成隨著該撓性細長元件(6)的運動通過該噴嘴結構而被攜帶向前至其位置。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)配置成可藉定位裝置而被推入至該噴嘴結構內的其位置。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)係配置成可藉一釋放裝置自該噴嘴結構內的其位置收回。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)是可分割以安裝在一撓性細長元件(6)上及/或自該細長元件(6)上卸除的一部位。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項所述的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)至少是該最內部噴嘴元件(4)的頭,或該導引構件(5)至少是該最內部噴嘴元件(4)及緊鄰的最外部噴嘴元件(3)的頭。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項所述的裝 置,其中該導引構件(5)是一獨立部位,至少有一部分安裝在該最內部的噴嘴元件(4)內,或是至少有一部分安裝在該最內部的噴嘴元件及緊鄰的最外部噴嘴元件(3)內。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第1至9項中任一項所述的裝置,其中該導引構件(5)係事先放置於該噴嘴結構內。
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